JP2017150317A - Reciprocating pump - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reciprocating pump improved in the lubricating ability and coolability.SOLUTION: In a drive part case 40 which houses a drive shaft 12 and supports both ends of the drive shaft 12, a water inlet 5a for a using liquid is provided to face at least one end side of the drive shaft 12, and one end 30a of an internal flow passage 30 of the drive shaft 12 is opened to the water inlet 5a side, so that the using liquid is surely introduced into the internal flow passage 30. The other end 30b of the internal flow passage 30 is opened in the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 12 so that, by the positions of openings 30b, the using liquid can be supplied to places where lubrication and cooling are necessary in the drive part case 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a reciprocating pump.

  Conventionally, as a reciprocating pump, a reciprocating member that performs a pumping action in which a reciprocating member reciprocates according to the rotation of a crankshaft, sucks a working liquid into a pump chamber provided at a tip side of the reciprocating member, pressurizes the pumped liquid, Pumps are known. In such reciprocating pumps, there are pumps that use the same liquid for the drive part of the crankshaft, connecting rod, crankpin and the like in the crankcase and the pump chamber. It is necessary to lubricate and cool the bearing by supplying a working liquid between a crank journal rotating around the center and a bearing made of a high-strength aqueous resin that rotatably supports the crank journal.

  As such a lubrication and cooling structure, the technique of Patent Document 1 below is known. In Patent Document 1, a bearing that is provided in a crankcase and supports a bearing portion (outer peripheral surface) of the crank journal, a first flow path that introduces a working fluid contained in the crankcase into the bearing portion, and A second flow path, the second flow path is formed in the crank journal and connected to the bearing portion, and one end of the first flow path is the surface of the crankshaft that intersects the rotation axis direction ( The other end of the first flow path is connected to the second flow path and is separated from the rotation axis, and the first flow path is A configuration is adopted in which one end of the first flow path extends to the upstream side in the rotation direction of the crankshaft.

  According to such a configuration, when the crankshaft rotates in the rotation direction, the flow of the use liquid relatively goes upstream in the rotation direction, and the flow of the use liquid follows the direction of the first flow path. . For this reason, the use liquid is easily introduced into the first flow path from one end of the first flow path, and the use liquid is easily supplied to the bearing portion through the first flow path and the second flow path. It is easy to lubricate.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-200909

  Here, there is a need for a reciprocating pump that can guide the used liquid to the internal flow path of the crankshaft and further contribute to lubrication and cooling from Patent Document 1.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating pump that can reliably introduce a working liquid into an internal flow path and improve lubricity and cooling performance.

  A reciprocating pump (100) according to the present invention includes a drive shaft (12) disposed in a drive unit case (40) and supported at both ends by the drive unit case (40). A reciprocating pump (100) in which a reciprocating member (1) reciprocates by driving of a driving unit (M) by rotation to perform a pumping action, and a driving shaft (12) has an inside in which a working liquid flows. A water inlet (5a) through which the working liquid flows is provided so as to face at least one end side of the drive shaft (12) in the drive unit case (40) in the drive unit case (40), and the internal flow channel (30). One end (30a) is opened to the water inlet (5a) side, and the other end (30b) of the internal flow path (30) is opened to the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft (12).

  According to such a reciprocating pump (100), in the drive part case (40) which accommodates the drive shaft (12) and supports both ends of the drive shaft (12), the water intake port (5a) for the used liquid is It is provided so as to face at least one end side of the drive shaft (12), and one end (30a) of the internal flow path (30) of the drive shaft (12) is opened to the water inlet (5a) side. The liquid can be reliably introduced into the internal flow path (30). Moreover, since the other end (30b) of the internal flow path (30) is opened in the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft (12), it is reliably introduced into the internal flow path (30) by the position of the opening (30b). The used liquid can be supplied in the drive case (40) to a place where lubrication and cooling are required. Therefore, lubricity and cooling properties can be improved.

  Here, when the opening (30b) at the other end of the internal channel (30) is opened toward the region (N) in which the driving unit (M) is accommodated in the driving unit case (40), the driving unit (M) can be lubricated and cooled.

  Further, the opening (30b) at the other end of the internal flow path (30) opens the bearing (14, 15) that becomes a sliding portion when the opening (30b) is open toward the sliding portion. Can be lubricated and cooled.

  Thus, according to the present invention, the working liquid can be reliably introduced into the internal flow path, and the lubricity and cooling performance can be improved.

It is front sectional drawing which shows the reciprocating pump which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a plane sectional view of the reciprocating pump shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view when the drive shaft of the reciprocating pump shown in FIG. 2 is rotated by 90 ° or 270 °. It is a perspective view which shows the drive shaft in FIGS. It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of the use liquid in the internal flow path of a drive shaft, and is a figure corresponding to FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of the use liquid in the internal flow path of a drive shaft, and is a figure corresponding to FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a reciprocating pump according to the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a front sectional view of a reciprocating pump according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the reciprocating pump, and FIG. 3 is a driving shaft of the reciprocating pump shown in FIG. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are diagrams for explaining the flow of the working liquid in the internal flow path of the drive shaft when it is rotated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reciprocating pump 100 of the present embodiment is configured such that the reciprocating member 1 reciprocates in the cylinder portion 2 (moving left and right in the drawing) so that the reciprocating member 1 moves in the reciprocating direction. A pumping action is performed in which the used liquid is sucked into the pump chamber 3 formed on the front side (the left side in the figure), and the used liquid is pressurized and fed under pressure. The reciprocating pump 100 includes a crankcase 4, first, second, and third manifolds 7 to 9 arranged in parallel in the reciprocating direction of the reciprocating member 1, and the crankcase 4 from a direction orthogonal to the reciprocating direction. The outer shape is constituted by the bearing cases 5 and 6 arranged so as to sandwich the shaft. The crankcase 4 and the bearing cases 5 and 6 constitute a drive unit case 40.

  The reciprocating member 1 has a columnar piston 1a disposed on the front side, and a columnar piston element 1b coupled to the rear end of the piston 1a. The piston 1a and the piston element 1b are connected to each other. Reciprocates together.

  The front piston 1a is disposed in the second and third manifolds 8 and 9, and reciprocates in the horizontal direction in the figure. The inside of the second manifold 8 constitutes a cylinder part 2 in which the piston 1 a reciprocates, and a pump chamber 3 is formed in the front part of the cylinder part 2. The rear piston element 1 b is connected to the drive unit M via the piston pin 10. The rear piston element 1b is configured to have a larger diameter than the front piston 1a, and a concave portion 1c that is recessed toward the front side is formed in the rear part.

  The crankcase 4 is configured to be hollow, and the hollow portion is an accommodation region N that accommodates the drive unit M. The storage area N is a flow path that stores the use liquid and flows the use liquid. Thus, the reciprocating pump 100 is configured such that the driving unit M is immersed in the working liquid in the flow path, and the driving unit M bathes in the working liquid.

  The working liquid flows from the crankcase 4 into the pump chamber 3 (details will be described later) and is used for pumping in the pump chamber 3. Various liquids can be used as the working liquid, and here, fresh water is used. The drive part M bathed in such a use liquid has the crankshaft 12, the connecting rod (henceforth a connecting rod) 13, the piston pin 10, and the bearings 14-16.

  The crankshaft 12 is disposed so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the reciprocating member 1 (perpendicular direction in FIG. 1, up and down direction in FIG. 2). As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the crankshaft 12 constitutes both end sides of the crankshaft 12, a cylindrical crank journal 12 a that can rotate around the rotation axis A (see FIG. 2), and a drive side ( 2 is connected to the crank journal 12a on the upper side of FIG. 2 (described later in detail), and is connected to the crank arm 12b having a larger diameter than the crank journal 12a and the crank arm 12b. An eccentric cylindrical crankpin 12c and a crank journal 12a which is connected to the crankpin 12c and connected to a water absorption side (lower side of FIG. 2; details will be described later) and smaller in diameter than the crankpin 12c. A disc-shaped crank arm 12d having a diameter larger than that of the crank journal 12a. The crank journal 12a on the drive side of the crankshaft 12 extends further outward to serve as an input shaft portion 12f. Further, a concave groove 12e for accumulating the working liquid is formed in an annular shape on the outer peripheral surfaces of the crank journals 12a, 12a.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the crank journals 12 a and 12 a on both ends of the crankshaft 12 are supported by bearing cases 5 and 6 that are bolted to the crankcase 4, respectively. Both ends of the crankshaft 12 are located in the bearing cases 5 and 6 and are housed in the bearing cases 5 and 6.

  The bearing case 5 is provided with a water inlet 5a through which the used liquid flows so as to face the end surface 12x on one side of the crankshaft 12. The bearing case 6 is provided with an opening 6a having a large diameter so that the input shaft portion 12f of the crankshaft 12 is exposed, and the input shaft portion 12f is driven to rotate from the drive source through the opening 6a. Power is given.

  Cylindrical bearings 14 and 14 are respectively disposed between the crank journals 12a and 12a and the bearing cases 5 and 6, and the crankshaft 12 is rotatably supported by the bearings 14. As a material for forming the bearing 14 and the bearings 15 and 16 described later, various resins can be used. Here, PEEK (polyether ether ketone) resin which is a high strength water resistant resin is used.

  A mechanical seal 18 is mounted between the input shaft portion 12 f of the crankshaft 12 and the opening 6 a of the bearing case 6 and outside the bearing 14 in the axial direction of the crankshaft 12. In addition, between the crankshaft 12 and the bearing case 6 and between the mechanical seal 18 and the bearing 14, a use liquid reservoir 19 for containing and flowing the use liquid is provided in an annular shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the connecting rod 13 has a large-diameter portion 13a on the rear side (crankshaft 12 side) rotatably connected to a crankpin 12c of the crankshaft 12 through a cylindrical bearing 15. Has been. In the connecting rod 13, the small diameter portion 13 b on the front side (reciprocating member 1 side) is rotatably connected to the piston pin 10 through a cylindrical bearing 16.

  The front side of the crankcase 4 is a cylindrical portion 4a, and a cylindrical guide member 17 is accommodated and fixed inside the cylindrical portion 4a. The guide member 17 is formed of the same resin as that of the bearings 14 to 16, and the piston element 1b of the reciprocating member 1 is inserted into the cylindrical hole to guide the reciprocating movement of the piston element 1b. A small-diameter portion 13b on the front side of the connecting rod 13 enters the recess 1c of the piston base 1b located in the guide member 17, and both end sides of the piston pin 10 are fixed to the piston base 1b in a press-fit state. As shown in FIG. 1, the piston base 1b is provided with a plurality of communication holes 1d communicating with the recess 1c and penetrating the piston base 1b in the front-rear direction.

  The first, second, and third manifolds 7 to 9 are fixed to the crankcase 4 by fastening the first manifold 7 to the front side of the crankcase 4 with a plurality of bolts 20. The three manifolds 8 and 9 are sandwiched between the first manifold 7 and the crankcase 4. The first manifold 7 accommodates the discharge valve 21, the second manifold 8 forms the cylinder portion 2 and the pump chamber 3 therein, and the third manifold 9 accommodates the seal 29.

  The piston 1a constituting the reciprocating member 1 has a water intake valve mechanism 22 that closes and opens the flow path to the pump chamber 3 in the second manifold 8 and simultaneously pressurizes / depressurizes the pump chamber 3 by a pump action.

  The water intake valve mechanism 22 includes a valve body 23, a valve seat 24 on which the valve body 23 is separated / seats, a collar 25, a nut 26, and the like, which are formed in a cylindrical shape and are extrapolated to the piston 1a together with the compression spring 27 .

  The valve seat 24 includes a plurality of through-holes 28 penetrating in the front-rear direction along the circumferential direction so as to flow the working liquid from the crankcase 4 to the pump chamber 3. A collar 25 is disposed on the front side of the valve seat 24, and the valve body 23 is extrapolated to the collar 25. A nut 26 is disposed on the front side of the collar 25, and a compression spring 27 is disposed between the nut 26 and the valve body 23 so as to surround the collar 25. The valve seat 24 is fixed to the piston 1a through the collar 25 with the nut 26 tightened. The above-described seal 29 of the third manifold 9 functions as a seal for the outer peripheral surface of the valve seat 24 that reciprocates. In such a water absorption valve mechanism 22, when the valve body 23 is seated on the valve seat 24, the through hole 28 is closed, the water absorption valve is closed, and the valve body 23 is separated from the valve seat 24. Thus, the through hole 28 is opened and the water absorption valve is opened.

  The discharge valve 21 of the first manifold 7 is provided facing the pump chamber 3. The discharge valve 21 opens and closes the flow path by pressurizing / depressurizing the pump chamber 3 by the pumping action of the water intake valve mechanism 22, and discharges the pressurized working liquid in the pump chamber 3 to the outside of the pump chamber 3 by opening.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the crankshaft 12 is formed with an internal flow path 30 through which the working liquid flows. In the internal flow path 30, one side opening 30 a is opened on one end face 12 x of the crankshaft 12, and the other side opening 30 b is opened at a plurality of positions on the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft 12.

  More specifically, the internal flow path 30 extends linearly from the opening 30a on one side and reaches the space between the crank journal 12a on the drive side and the input shaft portion 12f, and the first flow path 31. The second flow path 32 to the sixth flow path 36 are provided that branch in a direction orthogonal to the path 31 and form a cross with the first flow path 31 in a cross section cut along the axial direction of the crankshaft 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the second flow path 32 is branched from the first flow path 31 in the crank journal 12a and extends outwardly, and is recessed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the crank journals 12a and 12a. The other side opening 30b is opened toward 12e.

  The third flow path 33 diverges from the first flow path 31 in the crank pin 12c and extends outwardly, and the outer peripheral surface facing the bearing 15 opens as the other opening 30b toward the bearing 15. Is done. The third flow path 33 is disposed so as to overlap the second flow path 32 when viewed in the axial direction of the crankshaft 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the fourth flow path 34 is branched from the first flow path 31 in the crank arm 12 b and extends outwardly toward the housing region N in the crankcase 4. The opening 30b is opened on the other side. The fourth flow path 34 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the second and third flow paths 32 and 33 in the axial direction of the crankshaft 12.

  The fifth flow path 35 diverges from the first flow path 31 in the crank arm 12d and extends both outwards, and is opened as an opening 30b on the other side toward the accommodation region N in the crankcase 4. The fifth flow path 35 is disposed so as to overlap the fourth flow path 34 when viewed in the axial direction of the crankshaft 12.

  The sixth flow path 36 branches at the end of the first flow path 31 and extends both outwards, and opens toward the use liquid reservoir 19 as an opening 30 b on the other side. The sixth flow path 36 is disposed so as to overlap the fourth and fifth flow paths 34 and 35 when viewed in the axial direction of the crankshaft 12.

  Next, the operation of the reciprocating pump 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, a description will be given from a state in which the working liquid is accommodated in the crankcase 4 by the operation described later and the driving unit M in the housing area N is bathed in the working liquid.

  When the reciprocating pump 100 is driven, the rotational driving force from the drive source is transmitted to the input shaft portion 12f of the crankshaft 12, and the crankshaft 12 rotates.

  When the crankshaft 12 rotates, the rotational motion is converted into a reciprocating motion by the connecting rod 13 and the piston pin 10, and the reciprocating member 1 reciprocates. In the water absorption process in which the piston 1a moves toward the rear side in the cylinder portion 2, the volume of the pump chamber 3 is increased and the pressure is reduced to a negative pressure. As the piston 1a moves, the water absorption valve mechanism 22 is moved. The valve body 23 is separated from the valve seat 24 and the water absorption valve is opened, and the liquid used in the storage region N passes through the communication hole 1d of the piston base 1b of the piston 1a and the through hole 28 of the valve seat 24 to form a pump chamber. 3 flows into. At this time, the discharge valve 21 is closed by the negative pressure in the pump chamber 3.

  In the discharge process in which the piston 1a moves forward in the cylinder portion 2, the valve body 23 is seated on the valve seat 24 with the movement of the piston 1a, the water intake valve is closed, and the pump chamber 3 is pressurized. Thus, the discharge valve 21 is opened, and the working liquid in the pump chamber 3 is discharged to the outside through the discharge valve 21. And the water absorption process and discharge process which were mentioned above are repeated.

  On the other hand, the working liquid is introduced through a water inlet 5 a provided in the bearing case 5. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the working liquid introduced into the water inlet 5 a flows into the internal flow path 30 through the opening 30 a of the end surface 12 x on one side of the crankshaft 12.

  The used liquid that has flowed into the internal flow path 30 passes through the first flow path 31, passes through the fourth flow path 34 and the fifth flow path 35, and is accommodated in the drive unit M in the crankcase 4, as shown in FIG. It flows out to the area | region N, and the drive part M is lubricated and cooled. Further, the liquid used flows into the pump chamber 3 in the water absorption process while lubricating and cooling the guide member 17 and the bearing 16.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the working liquid that has flowed into the first flow path 31 flows into the concave grooves 12 e of the crank journal 12 a through the second flow path 32, and the bearings 14 of the crank journal 12 a at both ends. The bearing 14 (sliding surface) is lubricated and cooled. Thereafter, the working fluid flows into the accommodation region N through the gap between the bearing 14 and the crank journal 12a, and flows into the pump chamber 3 in the water absorption process while lubricating and cooling the guide member 17 and the bearing 16.

  In addition, the working liquid that has flowed into the first flow path 31 passes through the third flow path 33 and is supplied to the bearing 15 of the crank pin 12c to lubricate and cool the bearing 15 (sliding surface). Thereafter, the working fluid flows into the accommodation region N through the gap between the bearing 15 and the crank pin 12c, and flows into the pump chamber 3 in the water absorption process while lubricating and cooling the guide member 17 and the bearing 16.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the used liquid that has flowed into the first flow path 31 is supplied to the used liquid reservoir 19 through the sixth flow path 36 to cool the mechanical seal 18. Thereafter, the working liquid in the working liquid reservoir 19 flows into the accommodation region N through the gap between the bearing 14 and the crank journal 12a and the gap between the crank arm 12b and the inner end face of the bearing case 6 to guide the guide member. 17 and the bearing 16 are lubricated and cooled, and flow into the pump chamber 3 in the water absorption process.

  And the new working liquid is always provided by the pump action by the repeated water absorption process and discharge process, and lubrication and cooling are performed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, in the drive unit case 40 that accommodates the crankshaft 12 and supports both ends of the crankshaft 12, the water inlet 5a for the used liquid faces the one end side of the crankshaft 12. In addition, since the opening 30a at one end of the internal flow path 30 of the crankshaft 12 is opened toward the water inlet 5a, the working liquid can be reliably introduced into the internal flow path 30. Further, since the opening 30b at the other end of the internal flow path 30 is opened on the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft 12, the use liquid that has been reliably introduced into the internal flow path 30 is driven by the position of the opening 30b. It can be supplied to places where lubrication and cooling are necessary. Therefore, lubricity and cooling properties can be improved. As a result, the durability of the parts can be improved and the life can be extended.

  As described above, the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the bearing case is provided with a water inlet. However, for example, it can be provided in a crankcase that also serves as a bearing case. In short, a water inlet is provided in the drive unit case so as to face one end of the crankshaft. It should be. Further, the water inlet may be provided so as to face the surfaces on both ends of the crankshaft.

  In the above-described embodiment, water lubrication using the working liquid as water is particularly preferable, but oil lubrication using the working liquid as oil can also be used.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although application with respect to a piston pump was described, of course, it is applicable also to a plunger pump.

  In the above embodiment, the application to the reciprocating pump having the drive shaft as the crankshaft is described as being particularly suitable. However, the drive shaft is not limited to the crankshaft. The present invention is applicable to a reciprocating pump in which a reciprocating member reciprocates in accordance with the rotation of a drive shaft that is arranged in the case and supported at both ends by the drive unit case.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reciprocating member, 4 ... Crankcase, 5,6 ... Bearing case, 5a ... Water inlet, 12 ... Crankshaft (drive shaft), 14,15 ... Bearing (sliding part), 30 ... Internal flow path, 30a ... Opening at one end, 30b ... Opening at the other end, 40 ... Drive unit case, 100 ... Reciprocating pump, M ... Drive unit, N ... Storage area.

Claims (3)

A drive shaft (12) is provided in the drive unit case (40) and supported at both ends by the drive unit case (40). The drive unit (M) is driven by the rotation of the drive shaft (12). A reciprocating pump (100) in which a reciprocating member (1) reciprocates to perform a pump action,
The drive shaft (12) includes an internal flow path (30) through which the working liquid flows,
A water inlet (5a) through which the use liquid flows is provided so as to face at least one end side of the drive shaft (12) in the drive unit case (40),
One end (30a) of the internal channel (30) is opened to the water inlet (5a) side, and the other end (30b) of the internal channel (30) is on the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft (12). A reciprocating pump (100) characterized by being opened.   The opening (30b) at the other end of the internal flow path (30) is opened toward a region (N) that accommodates the drive unit (M) in the drive unit case (40). The reciprocating pump (100) according to claim 1.   The opening (30b) at the other end of the internal flow path (30) is open toward a portion (14, 15) for sliding the drive shaft (12). 2. The reciprocating pump (100) according to 2.

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