JP2017148879A - Thermal displacement correction method for tool rest - Google Patents

Thermal displacement correction method for tool rest Download PDF

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JP2017148879A
JP2017148879A JP2016031207A JP2016031207A JP2017148879A JP 2017148879 A JP2017148879 A JP 2017148879A JP 2016031207 A JP2016031207 A JP 2016031207A JP 2016031207 A JP2016031207 A JP 2016031207A JP 2017148879 A JP2017148879 A JP 2017148879A
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tool
machining
correction value
temperature change
thermal displacement
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泰平 宮本
Yasuhei Miyamoto
泰平 宮本
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Nakamura Tome Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Nakamura Tome Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a thermal displacement correction method for a tool rest capable of improving machining accuracy of a workpiece without providing temperature measurement means such as a temperature sensor.SOLUTION: A thermal displacement correction method includes a tool rest having a plurality of tool stations between a rotation tool and other tools. The thermal displacement correction method further includes machining history storage means for storing a machining history of at least the rotation tool, temperature change arithmetic means for calculating a temperature change given to the tool rest on the basis of the machining history stored in the machining history storage means of the rotation tool when machining a workpiece using the other tools, and a correction value arithmetic means for calculating a correction value of a machining error on the basis of an estimation value of the temperature change obtained by the temperature change arithmetic means. A feed command of an NC device is corrected by the correction value obtained by the correction value arithmetic means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、工作機械における刃物台の熱変位による加工誤差の補正方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for correcting a machining error due to thermal displacement of a tool post in a machine tool.

旋盤やマシニングセンター等の工作機械においては、主軸の回転や刃物台に装着した回転工具により発熱し、ワークの加工に加工誤差が生じることから、主軸台や刃物台物等の機械温度と加工誤差との関係に基づく補正式を予めNC装置に登録しておき、実際にワークを加工する際にNC装置から出力される指令値をそのときの機械温度の計測値に基づいて登録された補正式に代入して補正値を求め、この補正値で前記指令値を補正することで加工精度を向上させていた。
しかし、タレット等の刃物台に温度センサ及び測定ユニットを取り付けると、コストアップになるだけでなく、加工時に飛散する切粉やインデックス割出し動作により配線類が断線する恐れもあり、改善の余地があった。
In machine tools such as lathes and machining centers, heat is generated by the rotation of the spindle and the rotating tool mounted on the tool post, causing machining errors in machining the workpiece. The correction formula based on the relationship between the two is registered in advance in the NC device, and the command value output from the NC device when actually machining the workpiece is changed to the correction formula registered based on the measured value of the machine temperature at that time By substituting for a correction value and correcting the command value with the correction value, machining accuracy is improved.
However, attaching a temperature sensor and measurement unit to a tool post such as a turret will not only increase the cost, but there is also a possibility that the wiring may be disconnected due to chips scattered during processing and index indexing operation, leaving room for improvement. there were.

特許文献1には、温度センサを不要とした工具支持体の熱変位の補正による工作機械を開示するものの、温度に比例した値の温度情報によるものであり、実用的ではなかった。   Patent Document 1 discloses a machine tool that corrects thermal displacement of a tool support that does not require a temperature sensor, but is based on temperature information that is proportional to the temperature, and is not practical.

特開2003−340681号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-340681 特開2006−62021号公報JP 2006-62021 A

本発明は、温度センサ等の温度計測手段を設けることなく、ワークの加工精度を向上させることができる刃物台の熱変位補正方法の提供を目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a method for correcting the thermal displacement of a tool post that can improve the machining accuracy of a workpiece without providing a temperature measuring means such as a temperature sensor.

本発明に係る刃物台の熱変位補正方法は、回転工具及びその他の工具との複数の工具ステーションを有する刃物台を備え、少なくとも前記回転工具の加工履歴を記憶する加工履歴記憶手段を有し、前記その他の工具を用いてワークを加工する際に、前記回転工具の加工履歴記憶手段に記憶された加工履歴により刃物台に与えた温度変化を算出する温度変化演算手段を有し、前記温度変化演算手段により得られた温度変化の推定値に基づいて加工誤差の補正値を演算する補正値演算手段を有し、前記補正値演算手段にて得られた補正値にてNC装置の送り指令を補正することを特徴とする。
ここで、回転工具は、ミーリングツール,ドリルツール等をいい、その他の工具とは回転しない工具をいう。
A method for correcting thermal displacement of a tool rest according to the present invention includes a tool rest having a plurality of tool stations with a rotary tool and other tools, and has a processing history storage means for storing at least a processing history of the rotary tool, A temperature change calculating means for calculating a temperature change given to the tool post based on a processing history stored in the processing history storage means of the rotary tool when the workpiece is processed using the other tool; A correction value calculation means for calculating a correction value of a machining error based on the estimated value of temperature change obtained by the calculation means, and an NC apparatus feed command is issued with the correction value obtained by the correction value calculation means; It is characterized by correcting.
Here, the rotating tool refers to a milling tool, a drill tool, and the like, and the other tools refer to tools that do not rotate.

ここで、刃物台はタレット型であり、前記その他の工具は旋削用工具であってよい。
また、刃物台がタレット型である場合には、タレットの熱変位補正方法として、旋削用工具でワークを加工する際に、前記回転工具の加工履歴と、前記旋削用工具に対する前記回転工具の位置関係に基づいて、前記旋削用工具の加工誤差を補正するものであってよい。
Here, the tool post may be a turret type, and the other tool may be a turning tool.
Further, when the tool post is a turret type, as a method of correcting the thermal displacement of the turret, when machining a workpiece with a turning tool, the machining history of the rotating tool and the position of the rotating tool with respect to the turning tool Based on the relationship, the machining error of the turning tool may be corrected.

ここで、回転工具には、ミーリングツール,ドリルツール等が例として挙げられ、旋削用工具には、例えばバイト等が挙げられる。   Here, examples of the rotating tool include a milling tool and a drill tool, and examples of the turning tool include a bite.

本発明は、タレット等に温度センサやそれに伴う計測ユニットを取り付ける必要がなくなり、切粉やインデックス割出し動作に伴う断線等の恐れが無くなる。
また、そのような温度計測手段を不要とした分だけ、低コスト化を図ることができる。
In the present invention, it is not necessary to attach a temperature sensor or a measurement unit associated therewith to a turret or the like, and there is no possibility of disconnection or the like associated with chips or index indexing operations.
Further, the cost can be reduced by the amount that the temperature measuring means is unnecessary.

タレットの熱変位補正例を示す。An example of turret thermal displacement correction is shown.

本発明に係る熱変位の補正方法例を図1に示したタレットを例に以下説明する。
旋盤等の工作機械には、タレット型刃物台が設けられ、タレットにはミーリングツール等の回転工具11、バイト等の旋削用工具12が装着できるようになっている。
An example of a thermal displacement correction method according to the present invention will be described below using the turret shown in FIG. 1 as an example.
A machine tool such as a lathe is provided with a turret tool post, and a rotating tool 11 such as a milling tool and a turning tool 12 such as a cutting tool can be attached to the turret.

ミーリングツールは、タレット内に設けたギヤ等からなる回転駆動部にホルダーを介して装着される。
この場合に、ツールの加工熱や駆動部の発熱により、タレットが温度上昇する。
タレットの温度が上昇すると、このタレットが熱膨張し、バイトの取付面の位置が変化し、そのままでは加工誤差となる。
そこで、まず回転工具11の加工履歴を記憶させる。
加工履歴としては、回転数,回転時間(稼働率)等をファクターとした変数fとなる。
また、他の回転工具についてもこの変数f,f・・・・を求め、登録しておく。
この変数fに対して、タレットの温度上昇を予め実験解析し、温度上昇値を推定するための温度上昇係数kを予め求めて登録してある。
他の変数f,f・・・・に対しても温度上昇係数k,k・・・・を求めることができる。
また、実際に仕上げ加工するバイトからなる旋削用工具12の回転工具11に対する位置関係による上昇温度の影響の大きさを求める位置係数dを予め求めて登録してある。
他の工具ステーションについても位置係数d,d・・・・を求めて登録しておく。
The milling tool is mounted via a holder on a rotary drive unit made of a gear or the like provided in the turret.
In this case, the temperature of the turret rises due to the processing heat of the tool and the heat generation of the drive unit.
When the temperature of the turret rises, the turret expands thermally, and the position of the mounting surface of the cutting tool changes.
Therefore, first, the machining history of the rotary tool 11 is stored.
The machining history is a variable f 1 with the number of rotations, rotation time (operation rate), etc. as factors.
Further, the variables f 2 , f 3 ... Are obtained and registered for other rotary tools.
For this variable f 1 , the temperature increase of the turret is experimentally analyzed in advance, and a temperature increase coefficient k 1 for estimating the temperature increase value is obtained and registered in advance.
Temperature rise coefficients k 2 , k 3 ... Can be obtained for other variables f 2 , f 3 .
Moreover, are registered in advance determined actual finished elevated temperature impact of the positional relationship with respect to the rotational tool 11 of the turning tool 12 comprising a byte of processing the position coefficient d 1 determining the size.
Position coefficients d 2 , d 3 ... Are obtained and registered for other tool stations.

熱変位による補正式は、補正値をδとすると、δ=α×d×k×fとなる。
ここで、αは、タレットの温度上昇に対する熱膨張率等に起因する補正係数である。
なお、加工履歴の変数fは、回転工具の回転数Nと、稼働率Aの影響が大きく、fは概ね(β×N+γ)×Aにて求めることができる。
ここで、β,γは、回転工具のホルダーによって定まる補正係数である。
このような補正式は、タレットの工具ステーション毎に求めて、予めNC装置等に登録しておくことができる。
実際にワークをバイト等により仕上げ加工する際には、その工具ステーションに対応する補正式を読み出し、補正値を演算し、NC装置から出る指令値をこの補正値で補正した指令を出すことになる。
The correction equation based on thermal displacement is δ 1 = α 1 × d 1 × k 1 × f 1 where δ is the correction value.
Here, α 1 is a correction coefficient resulting from the coefficient of thermal expansion with respect to the temperature increase of the turret.
The variable f of the machining history is greatly affected by the rotational speed N of the rotary tool and the operation rate A, and f can be obtained approximately by (β × N + γ) × A.
Here, β and γ are correction coefficients determined by the holder of the rotary tool.
Such a correction formula can be obtained for each tool station of the turret and registered in advance in the NC device or the like.
When the workpiece is actually finished with a tool or the like, the correction formula corresponding to the tool station is read, the correction value is calculated, and the command value output from the NC unit is corrected with this correction value. .

11 回転工具
12 旋削用工具
11 Rotating tool 12 Turning tool

Claims (3)

回転工具及びその他の工具との複数の工具ステーションを有する刃物台を備え、
少なくとも前記回転工具の加工履歴を記憶する加工履歴記憶手段を有し、
前記その他の工具を用いてワークを加工する際に、前記回転工具の加工履歴記憶手段に記憶された加工履歴により刃物台に与えた温度変化を算出する温度変化演算手段を有し、
前記温度変化演算手段により得られた温度変化の推定値に基づいて加工誤差の補正値を演算する補正値演算手段を有し、
前記補正値演算手段にて得られた補正値にてNC装置の送り指令を補正することを特徴とする刃物台の熱変位補正方法。
A tool post having a plurality of tool stations with rotating tools and other tools;
At least machining history storage means for storing a machining history of the rotary tool;
A temperature change calculating means for calculating a temperature change given to the tool post by the processing history stored in the processing history storage means of the rotary tool when processing the workpiece using the other tool;
Correction value calculation means for calculating a correction value of a processing error based on an estimated value of temperature change obtained by the temperature change calculation means;
A method of correcting a thermal displacement of a tool post, wherein a feed command of an NC device is corrected with a correction value obtained by the correction value calculating means.
前記刃物台はタレット型であり、前記その他の工具は旋削用工具であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の刃物台の熱変位補正方法。   The method of claim 1, wherein the tool post is a turret type, and the other tool is a turning tool. 前記旋削用工具でワークを加工する際に、前記回転工具の加工履歴と、前記旋削用工具に対する前記回転工具の位置関係に基づいて、前記旋削用工具の加工誤差を補正するものであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の刃物台の熱変位補正方法。   When machining a workpiece with the turning tool, the machining error of the turning tool is corrected based on the machining history of the rotating tool and the positional relationship of the rotating tool with respect to the turning tool. The method for correcting a thermal displacement of a tool rest according to claim 2, wherein:
JP2016031207A 2016-02-22 2016-02-22 Thermal displacement correction method for tool rest Pending JP2017148879A (en)

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