JP2017145786A - Air compression device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cause drain generated in an exhaust passage of a four-cylinder reciprocating type air compression device to be efficiently discharged without being accumulated in an exhaust passage.SOLUTION: An air compression device 1 has a four-cylinder reciprocating type air compressor 3 that is installed on a vertical installed electric motor 2 under its lateral installation state. Compressed air exhausted out of a first cylinder 21 and a fourth cylinder 24 of the air compressor 3 passes through a first collective exhaust passage 51 extending from a first exhaust passage 61 and a fourth exhaust passage 64 extending horizontally toward a downward direction and then the compressed air is fed out from an exhaust port 51a opened at these lower ends toward a supply destination. Second and third cylinders 22, 23 are also formed with an exhaust passage in a similar manner. Since drain generated in the exhaust passage is flowed toward the exhaust port located at the lowest position in the exhaust passage due to its own weight, the drain is not accumulated in the exhaust passage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an air compression apparatus including an electric motor and a reciprocating air compressor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a drain processing technique for an air compression apparatus having a configuration in which a four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor is mounted in a horizontal state on a vertical electric motor.

  In this type of air compressor, the compressed air discharged from each cylinder of the reciprocating air compressor is discharged through an exhaust path disposed in the compressor case or the like and supplied to the supply destination device. . Drain is generated due to condensation in the exhaust path of the compressed air discharged from each cylinder.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for treating a drain generated by cooling and condensation of compressed air remaining in a discharge chamber provided in a cylinder head of each cylinder in a reciprocating compressor arranged in a horizontal state. Proposed. Here, an inclined wall surface is formed in the discharge chamber, and the generated drain is guided along the inclined wall surface to the discharge port side to prevent the drain from accumulating in the discharge chamber.

JP 2007-205205 A

  Here, even when the cylinder head is devised as described in Patent Document 1, in a four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor, if the motor shaft is level with respect to the installation direction, the lower side Drain accumulates in the exhaust path of the cylinder located at, and the drain cannot be discharged efficiently. For this reason, it is necessary to place the motor shaft perpendicular to the installation direction. That is, it is necessary to employ an arrangement in which the motor is installed vertically and the 4-cylinder air compressor mounted on the motor is installed horizontally.

  However, even when a four-cylinder reciprocating type air compressor is mounted on a horizontally mounted motor in this manner, drain is generated in the exhaust path of each cylinder, and the generated drain is not discharged. There is a risk of accumulation in the exhaust path.

  An object of the present invention is to discharge compressed air discharged from each cylinder in an air compression apparatus in which a four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor is mounted in a horizontal state with respect to a vertical electric motor. It is possible to avoid or suppress the accumulation of drain in the exhaust path.

In order to solve the above problems, the air compression device of the present invention is
An electric motor installed in a state where the motor shaft is oriented vertically;
A four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor mounted on the electric motor such that each cylinder faces a horizontal direction;
Have
Each exhaust path from each cylinder of the air compressor includes an upstream exhaust path extending in a horizontal direction or a downwardly inclined direction from each cylinder, and a downstream extending from the downstream end of the upstream exhaust path downward in the vertical direction. And a side exhaust path.

  That is, the first to fourth upstream exhaust passages through which compressed air discharged from each of the first to fourth cylinders flows are perpendicular to the shaft center line of the crankshaft of the air compressor, or the first The first to fourth downstream exhaust passages extending in a direction inclined downward toward the fourth downstream exhaust passage and connected to the downstream ends of the first to fourth upstream exhaust passages, It extends downward along the shaft center line.

  According to the present invention, the drain generated in the exhaust path of the compressed air discharged from each cylinder flows downward along each exhaust path by its own weight and is discharged. Therefore, it is possible to avoid accumulation of drain in the exhaust path.

More specifically, the present invention relates to an air compressor having an electric motor installed in a vertically placed state, and a reciprocating air compressor mounted in a horizontally placed state on or below the electric motor. ,
The air compressor is
A crankshaft extending coaxially with the motor shaft of the electric motor;
First to fourth cylinders having pistons that reciprocate with rotation of the crankshaft;
An exhaust path for discharging compressed air discharged from each of the first to fourth cylinders;
Have
The exhaust path is
First to fourth exhaust passages for flowing compressed air discharged from each of the first to fourth cylinders;
A first collective exhaust passage for collecting and flowing compressed air discharged through the first and second exhaust passages;
A second collective exhaust passage for collecting and flowing compressed air discharged through the third and fourth exhaust passages;
A first exhaust port for discharging compressed air from the first collective exhaust path;
A second exhaust port for discharging compressed air from the second collective exhaust path;
With
The first to fourth exhaust passages extend in a direction orthogonal to the shaft center line of the crankshaft, or in a direction inclined downward toward the first and second collective exhaust passages,
The first and second collective exhaust passages extend in a direction parallel to the shaft center line,
The first and second exhaust passages communicate with the first collective exhaust passage at a position higher than the first exhaust port,
The third and fourth exhaust passages communicate with the second collective exhaust passage at a position higher than the second exhaust port.

  Here, the air compressor may be configured such that the first to fourth cylinders are radially arranged at an angular interval of 90 degrees with the shaft center line as a center. In this case, an exhaust path may be arranged using a space between adjacent cylinders. That is, the first collective exhaust path is disposed between the first and second cylinders, and the second collective exhaust path is disposed between the third and fourth cylinders.

  It is desirable that the drain generated in the discharge chamber of each cylinder can be smoothly discharged to the first to fourth exhaust passages. For this purpose, in the first to fourth discharge chambers into which compressed air discharged from the first to fourth discharge ports of the first to fourth cylinders flows, the corresponding first to fourth exhaust passages are respectively provided. What is necessary is just to make it the lower end opening edge in the 1st-4th communicating port connected always become a position lower than the lower end opening edge in the said 1st-4th discharge port, respectively.

1 is an external perspective view showing a four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor to which the present invention is applied. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the air compressor of FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view and a partial explanatory view when the air compression device of FIG. 1 is cut along line III-III of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the air compression device of FIG. 1 taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment described below, a reciprocating air compressor is mounted horizontally on the upper side of the electric motor, but the present invention compresses air in the horizontal state on the lower side of the electric motor. The same applies to a configuration in which a machine is attached.

  1 is an external perspective view showing an air compression apparatus according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view taken along a plane including the central axis (II-II line in FIG. 1). (A) is a schematic cross-sectional view at the time of cut | disconnecting by the III-III line | wire of FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the air compressor 1 includes an electric motor 2 installed in a vertical position, and a four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor mounted on the electric motor 2 in a horizontal position. 3.

  As can be seen from FIG. 2, the electric motor 2 includes a cylindrical motor case 4 that is installed vertically, and a motor shaft 5 that extends vertically is disposed in the center of the motor case 4. A motor rotor 6 is fixed to the outer periphery of the motor shaft 5, and a motor stator 7 that concentrically surrounds the motor rotor 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor case 4. A rear shaft end portion located below the motor shaft 5 and a front shaft end portion located above the motor shaft 5 can be freely rotated by front and rear end plate portions of the motor case 4 via main bearings 8 and 9, respectively. It is supported in the state of.

  As can be seen from FIG. 2, the air compressor 3 includes a box-type compressor case 11 attached to the upper end of the motor case 4. A crankshaft 12 extending coaxially upward from the upper shaft end of the motor shaft 5 is disposed in the center of the compressor case 11, and the upper end of the crankshaft 12 is interposed via a bearing 13. The compressor case 11 is supported by the top plate portion 14 in a rotatable state.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3A, the crankshaft 12 is provided with an eccentric shaft portion 12A that is eccentric with respect to the shaft center line 12a (device center line). ing. Around the eccentric shaft portion 12A, the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24 are attached so as to extend radially in the horizontal direction at an angular interval of 90 degrees around the shaft center line 12a.

  The first cylinder 21 to the fourth cylinder 24 have first to fourth pistons 21a to 24a and first to fourth pistons 21a attached to the circular outer peripheral surface of the eccentric shaft portion 12A via bearings, respectively. To 24a are slidably inserted, and first to fourth intake / exhaust valve units 21c to 24c constituting a cylinder head portion are provided. First to fourth compression chambers are formed between the first to fourth pistons 21a to 24a, the first to fourth cylinders 21b to 24b, and the first to fourth intake / exhaust valve units 21c to 24c, respectively. The In the figure, only the first, third, and fourth compression chambers 21d, 23d, and 24d are shown.

The first to fourth pistons 21 a to 24 a are connected to different height positions in the vertical direction of the eccentric shaft portion 12 </ b> A of the crankshaft 12. Due to the eccentric rotation of the eccentric shaft portion 12A centering on the shaft center line 12a, the first to fourth pistons 21a to 24a sequentially operate with a phase difference of 90 degrees. The first and third pistons 21a and 23a reciprocate in opposite phases in the first and third cylinders 21 and 23 that are disposed opposite to each other, and the second and fourth cylinders 22 and 24 that are disposed opposite each other also. The second and fourth pistons 22a and 24a reciprocate in opposite phases.

  The first to fourth intake / exhaust valve units 21 c to 24 c are attached to the first to fourth outer peripheral surfaces 11 a to 11 d of the compressor case 11. As shown in FIG. 3A, the first intake / exhaust valve unit 24c of the fourth cylinder 24 includes two unit plates 25 and 26 having a rectangular outline. The unit plate 25 is formed with a suction port 27 and a discharge port 28 communicating with the compression chamber 24d. A suction valve 29 is attached between the suction port 27 and the compression chamber 24d. Further, between the inner unit plate 25 and the outer unit plate 26, a suction chamber 30 communicating with the suction port 27 and a discharge valve 31 attached to the unit plate 25 are communicated with the discharge port 28. A discharge chamber 32 is formed.

  Since the 1st-3rd intake-exhaust valve units 21c-23c of the 1st-3rd cylinders 21-23 are also comprised similarly, those explanation is omitted. In the drawing, the portions corresponding to the respective parts of the fourth intake / exhaust valve unit 24c in the first to third intake / exhaust valve units 21c to 23c are denoted by the same reference numerals.

(Intake and exhaust route)
An intake / exhaust path is arranged at a portion between the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24 in the compressor case 11, that is, at the four corners of the compressor case 11. The description will be made mainly with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the air compressor 1 taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

  In the corner portion between the third and fourth cylinders 23 and 24 in the compressor case 11, a third intake passage 43 and a fourth intake passage 44 extending in the vertical direction (the direction along the shaft center line 12a) are arranged. ing. The lower end side portions of the third and fourth intake passages 43 and 44 are connected to an intake port 45 opened on the lower end surface 11 e of the compressor case 11. The fourth intake passage 44 communicates with the suction chamber 30 of the fourth cylinder 24 through a communication passage 46 extending in the horizontal direction. The third intake passage 43 also communicates with the suction chamber 30 of the third cylinder 23 via a communication passage (not shown). Air to be compressed is supplied from the intake port 45 to the fourth cylinder 24 through the fourth intake passage 44 and the communication passage 46, and the third cylinder is supplied from the intake port 45 through the third intake passage 43 and the communication passage (not shown). 23 is supplied with air to be compressed.

  Similarly, in the corner portion between the first and second cylinders 21 and 22 in the compressor case 11, first and second intake passages 41 and 42 are arranged in a state extending in the vertical direction. The first and second cylinders 21 and 22 are subjected to compression from the intake port 45 (see FIG. 1) opened in the lower end surface 11e of the compressor case 11 via the first and second intake passages 41 and 42. Air is supplied.

  Next, an exhaust path of compressed air discharged from the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24 will be described with reference mainly to FIG. A first collective exhaust passage 51 extending in the vertical direction is disposed at a corner portion between the first and fourth cylinders 21 and 24 in the compressor case 11. As shown in FIG. 4, the exhaust port 51 a at the lower end of the first collective exhaust path 51 is open to the lower end surface 11 e of the compressor case 11. As shown in FIG. 3A, the upper end portion of the first collective exhaust passage 51 has a discharge chamber of the fourth cylinder 24 via a horizontally extending fourth exhaust passage 64 (fourth upstream exhaust passage). 32. The fourth exhaust path 64 extends from the compressor case 11 through the unit plate 25 of the fourth intake / exhaust valve unit 24c. As shown in FIG. 4, the middle portion of the first collective exhaust passage 51 communicates with the discharge chamber 32 of the first cylinder 21 via a first exhaust passage 61 (first upstream exhaust passage). .

Similarly, at the corner between the second and third cylinders 22 and 23 in the compressor case 11, a second collective exhaust path 52 is disposed as shown in FIG. An exhaust port (not shown) at the lower end of the second collective exhaust path 52 is open to the lower end surface 11 e of the compressor case 11. The second collective exhaust passage 52 is connected to the discharge chamber of the second cylinder 22 via a second exhaust passage (second upstream exhaust passage) and a third exhaust passage (third upstream exhaust passage) (not shown). 32 and the discharge chamber 32 of the third cylinder 23.

  The compressed air discharged from the compression chambers 21 d and 24 d of the first and fourth cylinders 21 and 24 passes through the discharge chamber 32 and the first and fourth exhaust passages 61 and 64, respectively, and the first collective exhaust passage 51. And is sent out from the exhaust port 51a toward the supply destination device. Similarly, the compressed air from the second and third cylinders 22 and 23 enters the second collective exhaust passage 52 via the discharge chamber 32 and the second and third exhaust passages (not shown). It is sent out from the exhaust port (not shown) toward the supply destination device.

  In the horizontal four-cylinder reciprocating type air compressor 3 of the air compressor 1 of the present embodiment, the first to fourth cylinders 21 are arranged along the eccentric shaft portion 12A of the crankshaft 12 arranged vertically. -24 first to fourth pistons 21a to 24a are mounted at different height positions. Correspondingly, the first to fourth exhaust passages (only the first and fourth exhaust passages 61 and 64 are shown in the figure) communicating with the discharge chambers 32 of the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24, respectively. ) Also extends horizontally at different height positions. The first and fourth exhaust passages 61 and 64 extending horizontally at different height positions have different heights in the first collective exhaust passage 51 extending in the vertical direction and extending over a length including these height positions. It communicates with this part. The other second collective exhaust passage 52 is configured in the same manner.

  In this example, the compressed air from the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24 is discharged through the two first and second collective exhaust passages 51 and 52 that are common paths. Instead of this, it is also possible to discharge the exhaust gas via four first to fourth downstream exhaust passages extending in the vertical direction in correspondence with each of the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24.

  In the horizontal four-cylinder reciprocating type air compressor 3 of the air compressor 1, the exhaust path is configured compactly using a small number of straight exhaust paths. The compressed air discharged from the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24 passes through the first and second collecting exhaust passages 51 and 52 extending downward from the first to fourth exhaust passages extending horizontally, and these It is sent out toward the supply destination from the exhaust opening opened at the lower end. The drain generated in the exhaust path flows due to its own weight and is discharged from the lowermost exhaust port in the exhaust path, so that it is possible to avoid the accumulation of drain in the exhaust path.

(Other embodiments)
In order to efficiently discharge the drain generated in the discharge chambers 32 of the first to fourth cylinders 21 to 24, for example, an exhaust path may be formed as follows. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the fourth cylinder 24, a communication port 64 a communicating with the fourth exhaust path 64 is opened in the discharge chamber 32 into which compressed air discharged from the discharge port 28 flows. Yes. It is desirable to provide the communication port 64 a at a position lower than the discharge port 28. For example, the height of at least the lower end opening edge of the communication port 64 a is set to be lower than the lower end opening edge of the discharge port 28. The other first to third cylinders 21 to 23 have the same configuration.

  Next, in the above example, the first to fourth exhaust passages communicating with the first and second collective exhaust passages 51 and 52 extend horizontally (extend in a direction perpendicular to the shaft center line 12a). .) Instead, the first to fourth exhaust passages may be inclined passages slightly inclined downward toward the first and second collective exhaust passages 51 and 52.

In the above example, an air compressor in which four cylinders are radially arranged is provided. For example, a four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor having two pairs of horizontally opposed types of cylinders is provided. The present invention can also be applied to the case where it is provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air compressor 2 Electric motor 3 Air compressor 4 Motor case 5 Motor shaft 6 Motor rotor 7 Motor stator 8, 9 Main bearing 11 Compressor cases 11a-11d 1st-4th outer peripheral surface 11e Lower end surface 12 Crankshaft 12a Shaft Center line 12A Eccentric shaft portion 13 Bearing 14 Top plate portions 21 to 24 First to fourth cylinders 21a to 24a First to fourth pistons 21b to 24b First to fourth cylinders 21c to 24c First to fourth intake and exhaust valves Units 21d, 23d, 24d First, third, fourth compression chambers 25, 26 Unit plate 27 Suction port 28 Suction port 29 Suction valve 30 Suction chamber 31 Suction valve 32 Suction chambers 41-44 First to fourth suction passages 45 Intake port 46 Communication path 51 First collective exhaust path 51a Exhaust port 52 Second collective exhaust path 61 First exhaust path 64 Fourth exhaust path 64a Communication port

Claims (5)

An electric motor installed in a state where the motor shaft is oriented vertically;
A four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor mounted on the electric motor such that each cylinder faces a horizontal direction;
Have
Each exhaust path from each cylinder of the air compressor includes an upstream exhaust path extending in a horizontal direction or a downwardly inclined direction from each cylinder, and a downstream extending from the downstream end of the upstream exhaust path downward in the vertical direction. An air compression device comprising a side exhaust passage. An electric motor installed in a vertical position;
A four-cylinder reciprocating air compressor mounted horizontally on the electric motor;
Have
The air compressor is
A crankshaft extending coaxially with the motor shaft of the electric motor;
First to fourth cylinders having pistons that reciprocate with rotation of the crankshaft;
An exhaust path for discharging compressed air discharged from each of the first to fourth cylinders;
With
The exhaust path is
First to fourth upstream exhaust passages for flowing compressed air discharged from each of the first to fourth cylinders;
First to fourth downstream exhaust passages connected to respective downstream ends of the first to fourth upstream exhaust passages;
With
The first to fourth upstream exhaust passages extend in a direction orthogonal to the shaft center line of the crankshaft, or in a direction inclined downward toward the first to fourth downstream exhaust passages,
The air compression apparatus, wherein the first to fourth downstream exhaust passages extend downward along the shaft center line. In claim 2,
The first and second downstream exhaust passages are a single first collective exhaust passage for collecting and flowing compressed air discharged via the first and second upstream exhaust passages,
The third and fourth downstream exhaust passages are one second collective exhaust passage for collecting and flowing compressed air discharged through the third and fourth upstream exhaust passages,
The first collective exhaust path includes a first exhaust port for discharging compressed air,
The second collective exhaust path includes a second exhaust port for discharging compressed air,
The first and second collective exhaust passages extend downward along the shaft center line,
The first and second upstream exhaust passages communicate with the first collective exhaust passage at a position higher than the first exhaust port,
The third and fourth upstream exhaust passages communicate with the second collective exhaust passage at a position higher than the second exhaust port. In claim 3,
The first to fourth cylinders are arranged radially at an angular interval of 90 degrees around the shaft center line,
The first collective exhaust path is disposed between the adjacent first and second cylinders,
An air compression apparatus in which the second collective exhaust passage is disposed between the adjacent third and fourth cylinders. In claim 4,
The first to fourth discharge chambers into which compressed air discharged from the first to fourth discharge ports of the first to fourth cylinders flows are respectively connected to the corresponding first to fourth upstream exhaust passages. 1 to 4 communication ports,
At least the lower end opening edge in the first to fourth communication ports is an air compression device at a position lower than the lower end opening edge in the first to fourth discharge ports, respectively.