JP2017145565A - Photovoltaic power generation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for increasing a yield of a crop while increasing the amount of power generation, even when the amount of solar radiation is large.SOLUTION: A controller is provided to control the inclination of a photovoltaic power generation panel on the basis of the amount of solar radiation and a calculating table between a crop and a photic saturation point. The controller inclines the photovoltaic power generation panel so that the amount of solar radiation to a crop is maximized, when the amount of solar radiation to the crop does not exceed a photic saturation point of the crop; and inclines the photovoltaic power generation panel so that the amount of solar radiation to the photovoltaic power generation panel is maximized, when the amount of solar radiation to the crop exceeds the photic saturation point of the crop.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system and method.

Recently, solar power generation technology called so-called solar sharing, a system that combines solar farming with private power generation business by installing solar panels on tall mounts on various farmland and cultivated land. Proposed.
As an example, there is a technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-277038 (Patent Document 1).
This gazette states that “a horizontal shelf is almost on the ground above the various fields (farmland, parks, water and other humans, animals, etc. and work space), narrow in the north and south and long in the east and west. In addition, the horizontal shelf is configured to form a photovoltaic power generation body formed by integrating a plate-shaped photovoltaic power generation element tilt holding member with a photovoltaic power generation module so as to achieve a countermeasure against wind pressure and maintain a necessary light quantity for the lower field. There is a description of "a photovoltaic power generation system in which the solar power generator can be set to face south directly without being limited to the installation direction of the beam (generally coincides with the direction of the field)" (see abstract) ).

JP 2005-277038 A

  Patent Document 1 shows an outline of a solar power generation module (a group of solar panel cells) and an installation method, and the solar power generation module (a group of solar panel cells) in a strong wind or when the amount of solar radiation is insufficient. It is described that the inclination is changed. Therefore, in patent document 1, it only stays in avoiding the influence at the time of a strong wind and the shortage of solar radiation. In other words, when the amount of solar radiation is too large, no countermeasures that adversely affect crops are assumed. If the amount of solar radiation is large, the amount of power generation is improved. On the other hand, depending on the type of crop, there is a suitable amount of solar radiation (light saturation point). If the amount of solar radiation is too large, these crops will be adversely affected. There are cases where the yield decreases.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for improving the amount of power generation and the yield of crops / crop even when the amount of solar radiation is large.
Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

In order to solve the above problems, one of the representative photovoltaic power generation systems and methods of the present invention is provided with a control device that controls the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel based on the amount of solar radiation and the light saturation point of the crop. If the amount of solar radiation on the crop does not exceed the light saturation point of the crop, tilt the solar panel to maximize the amount of solar radiation on the crop, and the amount of solar radiation on the crop will exceed the light saturation point of the crop. When it exceeds, the solar power generation panel is tilted so that the amount of solar radiation to the solar power generation panel becomes maximum.
Regarding the light saturation point, http://hostgk3.biology.tohoku.ac.jp/hikosaka/photosyn-home.html
(Tohoku University / Graduate School of Life Sciences / Professor's public site) A detailed explanation is available.

According to the present invention, even when the amount of solar radiation is large, it is possible to improve the amount of power generation and the yield of crops.
Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing an arrangement relationship between a photovoltaic power generation panel and farmland constituting the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention. FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a rate at which the solar power generation panel shields sunlight. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a table configuration example of a solar radiation amount information DB serving as a light saturation point for each crop. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure in the photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The present invention focuses on the fact that the light saturation point varies depending on each crop.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention.
The photovoltaic power generation system 1 is installed on farmland (cultivated land), and includes a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels (solar power generation modules composed of a plurality of cell groups) 11, a photovoltaic power generation panel mount 12, and a photovoltaic power generation panel tilt. It has the adjustment mechanism 13 and the photovoltaic power generation panel inclination adjustment mechanism control apparatus 14 which drives the said photovoltaic power generation panel inclination adjustment mechanism.

FIG. 2A shows a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels 11, a photovoltaic power generation panel mount 12 (a photovoltaic power generation panel support shelf 121, a photovoltaic power generation panel support column 122), and a photovoltaic power generation panel inclination that constitute the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship with the adjustment mechanism 13 and the farmland.
FIG. 2B is a side view showing a ratio in which sunlight reaching the farmland 2 is shielded by the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel 11.

  The photovoltaic power generation panel mount 12 includes a photovoltaic power generation panel support shelf 121 and a photovoltaic power generation panel support column 122.

  The photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism 13 includes a photovoltaic power generation panel tilt linkage bar 131, a wire 132, a wire driving motor 133, and a wire winding / rewinding mechanism 134. The photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism 13 may be any mechanism that can change the position and / or tilt of the photovoltaic panel, and indirectly changes the tilt of the photovoltaic panel support shelf 121 itself. The position and / or inclination of the photovoltaic panel may be changed.

  The plurality of photovoltaic panels 11 are arranged side by side on the photovoltaic panel support shelf 121 as shown in the figure, and with respect to the photovoltaic panel tilt linkage rod 131 of the photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism 13, It is attached so that it can rotate freely. The solar panel 11 is tilted by driving the solar panel tilting rod 131 through the wire 132 by the wire driving motor 133 and the wire winding / rewinding mechanism 134. It has been changed so that the amount of solar radiation on the farmland can be adjusted. Here, sunshine is a state in which direct sunlight (direct sunlight) hits the ground surface, and the amount of solar radiation is, for example, an amount by which a sunshine sensor measures only direct solar radiation.

  The photovoltaic power generation panel tilt cooperation rod 131 is connected to the wire 132 and includes a motor 133 that drives the photovoltaic power generation panel support shelf 121 via the wire 132 and a wire winding / rewinding mechanism 134. By controlling the wire 132 by the motor 133 and the wire winding / rewinding mechanism 134, the position and / or inclination (tilt angle) of the photovoltaic power generation panel 11 can be changed.

  The photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism 13 is connected to the photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device 14 and is controlled by the photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism control unit 1415 (see FIG. 3).

  When the inclination angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel is θ, the ratio of sunlight reaching the farmland 2 is S1 and the area of the solar panel is S2 compared to the case without the photovoltaic power generation panel. In this case, 1− (L2 × cos θ) / L1 (see FIG. 2).

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device 14 of the present invention.

  The photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device 14 includes a calculation device (control device) 141, a solar radiation amount collection device (daily solar radiation amount) 142, an input / output device 143, and a storage device 144.

  The solar radiation amount collecting device (the solar radiation amount on the current day) 142 is a device for measuring or collecting the solar radiation amount on the current day, and includes a measuring instrument such as a solar radiation meter 1421, for example. The solar radiation amount collecting device (the solar radiation amount on the day) 142 may be, for example, a weather information receiving unit 1423 that receives weather information transmitted from an external system that handles weather information, and can detect the amount of solar radiation based on the weather information. It may be a thing.

  The input / output device 143 has an input / output unit that inputs and displays the type of crop to be cultivated and the amount of solar radiation information that is the light saturation point for each crop. The light saturation point is a point where the photosynthesis rate does not change even if the light is stronger than this. In other words, the stronger the light, the more actively photosynthesis occurs, but it reaches its peak at a certain light intensity. It is the intensity of light at that time.

  The storage device 144 has a growing crop type information database 1442 having a region for storing the crop type input from the input / output device 143, and a database (sunlight amount information DB) for storing solar radiation amount information that serves as a light saturation point for each crop. 1441.

The arithmetic device (control device) 141 controls the operation of the photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism 13 and controls the operation of the mechanism according to a program stored therein, and it is the solar radiation that becomes the light saturation point of the crop. An amount confirmation unit 1411, a solar radiation amount calculation unit 1413 on the day, a solar radiation amount determination unit 1414, and a solar panel tilt adjustment mechanism control unit 1415 are included.
Then, based on the comparison table between the light saturation point of the crop and the crop, if the amount of solar radiation on the crop does not exceed the light saturation point of the crop, the solar panel tilts so that the amount of solar radiation on the crop is maximized. The inclination of the photovoltaic panel is controlled via the adjusting mechanism 13, and when the amount of solar radiation on the crop exceeds the light saturation point of the crop, the solar panel is adjusted so that the amount of solar radiation on the crop is maximized. The inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel is controlled via the mechanism 13.

  FIG. 4 is a table showing a contrast relationship between each crop in the solar radiation amount information DB 1441 and the solar radiation amount at the light saturation point of each crop.

  The table includes a crop type 14411 and a light saturation point 14412 for the crop. For example, the light saturation point for cymbidium is 10 klx, the light saturation point for cyclamen is 15 klx, the light saturation point for ginger and honey bees is 20 klx, the light saturation point for lettuce, strawberry, green beans, and green onions is 25 klx, and the light saturation point for peppers and sweet potatoes is 30 klx, cucumber light saturation point 35 klx, eggplant, bell pepper, grape (Kyoho), peach (white birch), pear (Yoshimizu), Chinese cabbage light saturation point 40 klx, rice, asparagus light saturation point 40-50 klx, The light saturation point of celery and pumpkin is 45klx, the light saturation point of grape (Delaware) is 48klx, the light saturation point of cucumber and melon is 55klx, the light saturation point of tomato is 70klx, the sweet saturation point of sweet potato and watermelon is 80klx is there.

  The characteristics representing the relationship between plant photosynthesis and light intensity indicate that light exceeding a certain light intensity hardly contributes to the increase in the amount of photosynthesis in each crop. The intensity of light at which the amount of photosynthesis is almost constant is called the direct light saturation point, and these are generally well known.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure in the photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device. The operation based on the flowchart is as follows.

  First, each crop and the light saturation point of each crop are registered in advance in the solar radiation amount information DB 1441 of the storage device 144.

  Step S510: Start growing crops.

  Step S511: The type of the crop to be cultivated is input from the input / output device 143 of the photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device 14, and stored in the area for storing the type of the cultivated crop in the storage device 144.

  Step S512: The computing device (control device) 141 is information (table) indicating the crop and the light saturation point of the crop stored in the solar radiation amount information DB 1441, in the solar radiation amount confirmation unit 1411 serving as the light saturation point (55klx) of the crop. The amount of solar radiation that is the light saturation point of the crop according to the type of crop is determined. For example, in the case of melon as an example of crop, the amount of solar radiation that becomes the light saturation point 55 klx of melon is detected and grasped from the solar radiation amount information DB 1441.

  Step S513: The arithmetic device (control device) 141 acquires the amount of solar radiation of the day collected or acquired by the solar radiation amount collecting device 142.

  Step S514: The computing device (control device) 141 uses the solar radiation amount collected by the solar radiation amount collecting device (daily solar radiation amount) 142 in the solar radiation amount calculating unit 1413 on the current day, and the solar radiation amount on the farmland 2 Is calculated. When the amount of solar radiation is collected by the global solar radiation meter (on the support column) 151, the amount of solar radiation is calculated by the formula shown in the above paragraph [0017]. When the amount of solar radiation is collected by the global solar radiation meter (agricultural ground) 152, the average of the amount of solar radiation is calculated.

  Step S515: The computing device (control device) 141 determines whether or not the amount of solar radiation exceeds the light saturation point (55 klx) of the crop by the solar radiation amount determination unit 1414. And in the said step S515, when the amount of solar radiation does not exceed the light saturation point of the said crop (No), it progresses to step S516, and when the amount of solar radiation exceeds the light saturation point of the said crop (Yes), step The process proceeds to S517.

  Step S516: The computing device (control device) 141 dynamically controls the position and / or inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel so that the amount of solar radiation on the crop is maximized by the sunlight panel inclination adjusting mechanism control unit 1415. To do. That is, the inclination and the inclination (angle) of the photovoltaic power generation panel 11 are dynamically changed by controlling (adjusting) the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel 11 so that the amount of solar radiation to the crop is maximized. And it returns to step S512 and repeats the process of the said step.

  Step S517: The computing device (control device) 141 uses the solar panel tilt adjustment mechanism control unit 1415 to adjust the photovoltaic power generation panel so that the photovoltaic power generation amount becomes maximum in accordance with the characteristics (light saturation amount) of the crop. Dynamically control position and / or tilt. That is, the inclination and the inclination (angle) of the photovoltaic power generation panel 11 are dynamically changed by controlling (adjusting) the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel 11 so that the amount of solar radiation to the crop is maximized. Then, the process proceeds to step S518.

  According to the embodiment described above, the farmland is based on the information from the pyrometer information attached to the mount, the weather information from the weather observation system of the place where the photovoltaic power generation facility is installed, etc. Calculate and calculate the amount of solar radiation above, and the calculated and calculated amount of solar radiation is the light saturation point of the crop planted on the farmland (the amount of solar radiation that does not increase crop yield even when exposed to sunlight above the light saturation point). The amount of solar power generated is controlled and adjusted so that the amount of solar power generated is maximized, without adversely affecting the crops, that is, without reducing the yield, Solar power generation can be maximized.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them with, for example, an integrated circuit. Each of the above-described configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor. Information such as programs, tables, and files for realizing each function can be stored in a memory, a hard disk, a recording device such as an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photovoltaic power generation system 11 Photovoltaic generation panel 12 Stand 121 Photovoltaic panel support shelf 122 Photovoltaic panel support pillar 13 Photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism 131 Photovoltaic panel tilt cooperation bar 132 Wire 133 Motor 134 Wire winding -Rewinding mechanism 14 Photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device 141 Computing device (control device)
1411 Insolation amount confirmation unit 1413 which is the light saturation point of agricultural products 1413 Insolation amount calculation unit 1414 Insolation amount determination unit 1415 Solar panel inclination adjustment mechanism control unit 142 Insolation amount collection device (insolation amount of the day)
1421 sunshine meter 1423 weather information receiving unit 143 input / output device 144 storage device 1441 solar radiation amount information DB
1442 Raised crop type information DB

Claims (4)

Installed on farmland or cultivated land, multiple photovoltaic panels, a platform including photovoltaic panel support shelves and photovoltaic panel support pillars that support the photovoltaic panels, and photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment A photovoltaic power generation system comprising a mechanism, a photovoltaic power generation panel inclination adjustment mechanism control device that drives and controls the photovoltaic power generation panel inclination adjustment mechanism,
The solar power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device,
A solar radiation amount collecting device that collects the solar radiation amount, a storage device that stores solar radiation amount information that is a light saturation point for each crop, and a control device that drives and controls the photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism,
The controller is
Solar power generation panel by driving the solar power panel tilt adjustment mechanism based on the amount of solar radiation information that becomes the light saturation point for each crop, the amount of solar radiation collected by the solar radiation amount collection device and the light saturation point for each crop Dynamically controlling the position and / or inclination of
If the amount of solar radiation accumulated on the farmland does not exceed the light saturation point of the crop, the position and / or inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel is dynamically changed so that the amount of solar radiation on the farmland is maximized. ,
When the amount of solar radiation accumulated on the farmland exceeds the light saturation point of the crop, the inclination of the photovoltaic panel is dynamically changed so that the amount of solar radiation on the photovoltaic panel is maximized. Solar power system. The solar radiation amount collecting device consists of an illuminance sensor installed on the agricultural ground,
The control device is a solar radiation amount calculating unit that collects numerical values measured by the solar radiation meter, a solar radiation amount calculating unit that calculates the solar radiation amount to the farmland of the crop using the numerical values collected by the solar radiation amount calculating unit, A solar radiation amount determination unit that determines whether or not the solar radiation amount exceeds the light saturation point of the crop, and a control unit that drives and controls the solar panel tilt adjustment mechanism in response to a determination result by the solar radiation amount determination unit. A solar power generation system according to claim 1. The solar radiation amount collecting device comprises a weather information receiving unit that collects weather information of a place where farmland exists from outside,
The control device includes a solar radiation amount calculating unit that calculates a solar radiation amount to the farmland of the crop from the weather information received by the weather information receiving unit, the solar radiation amount to the farmland of the crop exceeds a light saturation point of the crop The solar power generation according to claim 1, further comprising: a solar radiation amount determination unit that determines whether or not the solar radiation amount is received, and a control unit that drives and controls the solar panel tilt adjustment mechanism in response to a determination result by the solar radiation amount determination unit. system. Installed on farmland or cultivated land, multiple photovoltaic panels, a platform including photovoltaic panel support shelves and photovoltaic panel support pillars that support the photovoltaic panels, and photovoltaic panel tilt adjustment A photovoltaic power generation method for driving and controlling the photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism by the photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device in a photovoltaic power generation system including a mechanism and a photovoltaic power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device; ,
The solar power generation panel tilt adjustment mechanism control device,
Storing the amount of solar radiation information to be a light saturation point for each crop,
Calculating the amount of solar radiation from the sunlight collected by the solar radiation amount collecting device,
Dynamically controlling the position and / or inclination of the photovoltaic panel by driving the photovoltaic panel inclination adjustment mechanism based on the amount of solar radiation information and the calculated amount of solar radiation for each crop.
Including
Dynamically controlling the position and / or tilt of the photovoltaic panel;
A step of dynamically changing the position and / or inclination of the photovoltaic panel so that the amount of solar radiation on the farmland is maximized when the amount of solar radiation on the farmland of the crop does not exceed the light saturation point of the crop ,
A step of dynamically changing the inclination of the photovoltaic power generation panel so that the amount of solar radiation on the farmland is maximized when the amount of solar radiation on the farmland exceeds the light saturation point of the crop. Solar power generation method.

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