JP2017145173A - Quick-hardening cement admixture and quick-hardening cement composition - Google Patents
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6,7-Hexahydroxyheptanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940097043 glucuronic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N D-glucopyranuronic acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 Calcium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N aldehydo-D-glucuronic acid Chemical compound O=C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009430 construction management Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000032 lithium hydrogen carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].OC([O-])=O HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、主にモルタルやコンクリートに速硬性を付与する速硬性セメント混和材および速硬性セメント組成物に関する。 The present invention mainly relates to a quick-setting cement admixture and a quick-setting cement composition that impart quick setting to mortar and concrete.
近年、工期短縮や労働人口の減少に伴う省力化、性能安定性を目的としてプレキャストコンクリートが用いられることがあるが、プレキャストコンクリート製品の製造効率向上、コスト削減には型枠の早期脱型が重要であり、硬化促進剤や蒸気養生を用いることで可能としている。
例えば、特許文献１には、II型無水石膏と消石灰及び／又は難焼生石灰に加えて、炭酸カリウムを配合した硬化促進剤が記載されている。また、特許文献２には、カルシウムアルミネート類、無水セッコウ、凝結遅延剤、並びにギ酸、酢酸、及び乳酸からなる群より選ばれた一種又は二種以上の凝結促進剤を含有してなる急硬性セメント混和材が記載されている。
In recent years, precast concrete is sometimes used for the purpose of labor saving and performance stability due to the shortening of work period and the decrease in the workforce, but early removal of the formwork is important for improving the production efficiency of precast concrete products and reducing costs. It is possible by using a curing accelerator and steam curing.
For example, Patent Document 1 describes a curing accelerator containing potassium carbonate in addition to type II anhydrous gypsum and slaked lime and / or hard-to-burn quicklime. Patent Document 2 discloses rapid hardening comprising calcium aluminate, anhydrous gypsum, a setting retarder, and one or more setting accelerators selected from the group consisting of formic acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid. A cement admixture is described.
しかしながらコンクリート促進剤を配合すると、温度による影響を受けるため、冬場では硬化遅延による脱型時間の遅れが懸念される。また、蒸気養生を行うためにはボイラーなどの設備が必要となる。さらに脱型時間を短縮するためにカルシウムアルミネートや超速硬セメントを使用した場合には、低添加量や低温時においてはその効果は著しく低下し、強度発現性に多大な影響を与えてしまうことがある。添加量を増加させることは大きな経済的負担となってしまう。また、特許文献２のように遅延剤としてオキシカルボン酸やその塩を使用した場合、材料温度により添加量を調整しなければならず、遅延剤の過剰添加では脱型時間の遅れてしまう。また、添加率が少ない場合には十分な可使時間が取れずに打設中に硬化してしまうことも考えられ、速硬性材料の使用は管理に知識や経験が必要となる。 However, when a concrete accelerator is blended, it is affected by temperature, so there is a concern that the demolding time may be delayed due to delay in hardening in winter. Moreover, in order to perform steam curing, facilities, such as a boiler, are needed. In addition, when calcium aluminate or super-hard cement is used to shorten the demolding time, the effect is significantly reduced at low additions and at low temperatures, which greatly affects strength development. There is. Increasing the amount added adds a significant economic burden. In addition, when oxycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof is used as a retarder as in Patent Document 2, the addition amount must be adjusted depending on the material temperature, and excessive release of the retarder delays the demolding time. In addition, when the addition rate is small, it is conceivable that a sufficient working time cannot be obtained and the material hardens during the casting, and the use of a fast-curing material requires knowledge and experience in management.
従って、本発明の課題は、低温環境下から高温環境下において、所定の可使時間を確保した上で、初期強度発現性に優れたセメント混和材を提供することにある。また、セメントに対して少ない添加量でも速硬性の発現に優れたセメント混和材を提供することにある。 Therefore, the subject of this invention is providing the cement admixture excellent in initial stage strength development property, after ensuring the predetermined pot life from the low temperature environment to the high temperature environment. Another object of the present invention is to provide a cement admixture that is excellent in rapid hardening even when added in a small amount.
そこで本発明者は、前記課題を解決すべく種々検討したところ、カルシウムアルミネート類、無水石膏及び特定のオキシカルボン酸類に加えて、炭酸水素塩とギ酸又はその塩とを併用することにより、低温から高温環境下で所定の可使時間が得られ、かつ初期強度発現性に優れる速硬性セメント混和材が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成した。 Therefore, the present inventor made various studies to solve the above problems, and in addition to calcium aluminates, anhydrous gypsum and specific oxycarboxylic acids, by using a combination of hydrogen carbonate and formic acid or a salt thereof, Thus, the inventors have found that a quick-setting cement admixture having a predetermined pot life under a high temperature environment and excellent initial strength development can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明は、次の〔１〕〜〔５〕を提供するものである。 That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [5].
〔１〕（Ａ）カルシウムアルミネート類、（Ｂ）無水石膏、（Ｃ）炭酸水素塩、（Ｄ）グリコール酸、グルコン酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、グルクロン酸、ヘプトン酸、リンゴ酸及びそれらの水溶性塩から選ばれるオキシカルボン酸類、並びに（Ｅ）ギ酸又はその塩を含有する速硬性セメント混和材。
〔２〕（Ｃ）成分が、炭酸水素ナトリウムである〔１〕記載の速硬性セメント混和材。
〔３〕（Ｄ）成分が、酒石酸、クエン酸及びそれらの水溶性塩から選ばれる一種又は二種以上である〔１〕又は〔２〕記載の速硬性セメント混和材。
〔４〕（Ｅ）成分が、ギ酸カルシウムである〔１〕〜〔３〕のいずれかに記載の速硬性セメント混和材。
〔５〕〔１〕〜〔４〕のいずれかに記載の速硬性セメント混和材とセメントとを含有する速硬性セメント組成物。
[1] (A) Calcium aluminates, (B) anhydrous gypsum, (C) bicarbonate, (D) glycolic acid, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, glucuronic acid, heptonic acid, malic acid and their water-soluble Quick-hardening cement admixtures containing oxycarboxylic acids selected from organic salts and (E) formic acid or salts thereof.
[2] The quick-hardening cement admixture according to [1], wherein the component (C) is sodium hydrogen carbonate.
[3] The quick-setting cement admixture according to [1] or [2], wherein the component (D) is one or more selected from tartaric acid, citric acid and water-soluble salts thereof.
[4] The quick-hardening cement admixture according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the component (E) is calcium formate.
[5] A fast-setting cement composition containing the quick-setting cement admixture according to any one of [1] to [4] and cement.
本発明による速硬性セメント混和材をセメントに添加することによって、低温環境下から高温環境下において十分な可使時間（打設可能時間）を有し、かつ３時間程度の短時間で脱型強度が発現するセメント組成物が得られる。また、環境温度の変動に伴う可使時間の変動が小さいため、施工管理がしやすいという利点を有する。さらに、本発明による急硬性セメント混和材は低添加量でも強度発現性に優れる。 By adding the quick-hardening cement admixture according to the present invention to the cement, it has sufficient pot life (placement time) from a low temperature environment to a high temperature environment and has a demolding strength in a short time of about 3 hours. Is obtained. In addition, since the variation in the pot life accompanying the variation in the environmental temperature is small, there is an advantage that the construction management is easy. Furthermore, the rapid-hardening cement admixture according to the present invention is excellent in strength development even at a low addition amount.
本発明の速硬性セメント混和材は、（Ａ）カルシウムアルミネート類、（Ｂ）無水石膏、（Ｃ）炭酸水素塩、（Ｄ）グリコール酸、グルコン酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、グルクロン酸、ヘプトン酸、リンゴ酸及びそれらの水溶性塩から選ばれるオキシカルボン酸類、並びに（Ｅ）ギ酸又はその塩を含有する。 The fast-curing cement admixture of the present invention comprises (A) calcium aluminate, (B) gypsum, (C) bicarbonate, (D) glycolic acid, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, glucuronic acid, heptonic acid , Oxycarboxylic acids selected from malic acid and water-soluble salts thereof, and (E) formic acid or a salt thereof.
本発明における（Ａ）カルシウムアルミネート類は、ＣａＯおよびＡｌ2Ｏ3を主成分とし、石灰石などのカルシウム原料およびボーキサイトなどのアルミナ原料をキルンや電気炉などで反応させることで得られた化合物である。カルシウムアルミネート類には性能を損ねない範囲でＳｉＯ2やＦｅ2Ｏ3、ＴｉＯ2など他の化合物を含んだものも含まれる。
カルシウムアルミネート類のＣａＯとＡｌ2Ｏ3とのモル比（［ＣａＯ］／［Ａｌ2Ｏ3］）は、十分な可使時間を得る点及び十分な速硬性を得る点から、１．２〜２．７が好ましい。
カルシウムアルミネート類のブレーンは特に限定されるものではないが、良好な強度発現性を得る点及び十分な可使時間を得る点から、３０００〜８０００ｃｍ2／ｇが好ましい。
カルシウムアルミネート類の結晶化度は限定されるものではないが、特にガラス化率が７０％以上であることが、低温、低添加時において硬化後の強度発現性に優れるため好ましい。
(A) Calcium aluminates in the present invention are compounds obtained by reacting calcium raw materials such as limestone and alumina raw materials such as bauxite in a kiln or an electric furnace, with CaO and Al 2 O 3 as main components. is there. Calcium aluminates include those containing other compounds such as SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 and TiO 2 as long as the performance is not impaired.
The molar ratio of calcium aluminate CaO to Al 2 O 3 ([CaO] / [Al 2 O 3 ]) is 1.2 from the point of obtaining a sufficient pot life and sufficient quick hardening. ~ 2.7 is preferred.
The branes of calcium aluminates are not particularly limited, but 3000 to 8000 cm 2 / g is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining good strength development and sufficient pot life.
Although the crystallinity of calcium aluminates is not limited, it is particularly preferable that the vitrification rate is 70% or more because of excellent strength development after curing at low temperature and low addition.
（Ａ）カルシウムアルミネート類の含有量は特に限定されるものではないが、硬化後の強度発現性を速やかにする点及び材齢２４時間程度の若材齢における十分な強度発現性を得る点から、速硬性セメント混和材中、２０〜８０質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは３０〜７０質量部である。 (A) Although content of calcium aluminate is not specifically limited, the point which obtains sufficient intensity | strength expression in the point which speeds up the intensity | strength expression after hardening and the young material age of about 24 hours of material age. Therefore, 20 to 80 parts by mass is preferable in the quick-setting cement admixture, and more preferably 30 to 70 parts by mass.
本発明における（Ｂ）無水石膏は、性能を損ない限り製造方法等に限定されるものではなく、製造過程にて混入したフッ酸やリン酸などを含む無水石膏も使用可能である。無水石膏のブレーンは特に限定されるものではないが、十分な強度発現性を得る点及び良好なモルタルやコンクリート（以下「モルタル等」という）の流動性と、粉体流動性を得る点から、２０００〜１６０００ｃｍ2／ｇが好ましい。。 The (B) anhydrous gypsum in the present invention is not limited to the production method as long as the performance is impaired, and anhydrous gypsum containing hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid and the like mixed in the production process can also be used. Anhydrite brane is not particularly limited, but from the point of obtaining sufficient strength development and good fluidity of mortar and concrete (hereinafter referred to as "mortar etc.") and powder fluidity, 2000-16000 cm < 2 > / g is preferable. .
（Ｂ）無水石膏の含有量は特に限定されるものではないが、材齢２４時間程度の若材齢において十分な強度を発現させる点及びとカルシウムアルミネート類の配合量が相対的に少なくなることによる硬化後の強度発現性が遅くなるのを防止するため、速硬性セメント混和材中、１０〜７０質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは２０〜６０質量部である。 (B) The content of anhydrous gypsum is not particularly limited, but the amount of calcium aluminate and the amount of calcium aluminate to be expressed are relatively small at a young material age of about 24 hours. In order to prevent the strength development property after hardening due to this from slowing, 10 to 70 parts by mass, preferably 20 to 60 parts by mass, are preferable in the quick-hardening cement admixture.
本発明における（Ｃ）炭酸水素塩としては、炭酸水素アルカリ金属塩が好ましく、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウムがより好ましく、炭酸水素ナトリウムがさらに好ましい。 In the present invention, the (C) hydrogen carbonate is preferably an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate, more preferably sodium hydrogen carbonate or potassium hydrogen carbonate, and still more preferably sodium hydrogen carbonate.
本発明における炭酸水素塩は、モルタル等の溶液中に炭酸水素イオンを供給することによって、炭酸水素カルシウムとなりカルシウムイオンの溶解度を高めるため、若材齢の強度発現性に有効であると考えられる。この中で炭酸水素ナトリウムは、単位質量あたりの炭酸水素イオン量が多く、少ない添加量で効果があり、また炭酸水素リチウム塩を用いるよりも経済的であることから、特に好ましい。 The bicarbonate in the present invention is considered to be effective for the strength development of young materials because it becomes calcium bicarbonate by increasing the solubility of calcium ions by supplying bicarbonate ions into a solution such as mortar. Among these, sodium hydrogen carbonate is particularly preferable because it has a large amount of hydrogen carbonate ions per unit mass, is effective with a small addition amount, and is more economical than using lithium hydrogen carbonate.
炭酸カリウム等の炭酸塩を用いた場合に比べて炭酸水素塩を用いると、カルシウムイオンが多く、水素イオンの少ない水・セメント混合系においても容易に炭酸水素イオンが供給可能であり、また炭酸イオン１モルあたりのアルカリのモル数が１／２となるためコンクリートにおいて問題となるアルカリ骨材反応に係るアルカリ量を低く抑えることができるため、好ましい。 Compared with carbonates such as potassium carbonate, when hydrogen carbonate is used, hydrogen ions can be supplied easily even in water / cement mixed systems with a lot of calcium ions and less hydrogen ions. Since the number of moles of alkali per mole is ½, the amount of alkali related to the alkali-aggregate reaction, which is a problem in concrete, can be kept low, which is preferable.
（Ｃ）炭酸水素塩の含有量は特に限定されるものではないが、硬化後に十分な強度を発現させる点及び十分な可使時間を得る点から、速硬性セメント混和材中、１〜１０質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは２〜８質量部である。 (C) The content of the bicarbonate is not particularly limited, but 1 to 10 mass in the quick-hardening cement admixture from the viewpoint of developing sufficient strength after curing and obtaining sufficient pot life. Part is preferable, and more preferably 2 to 8 parts by mass.
本発明における（Ｄ）オキシカルボン酸類は、グリコール酸、グルコン酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、グルクロン酸、ヘプトン酸、リンゴ酸及びそれらの水溶性塩から選ばれる一種又は二種以上が用いられる。このうち、酒石酸、クエン酸又はその塩は少量で可使時間が確保でき、強度発現性が良好であるためより好ましく、クエン酸が特に好ましい。 As the (D) oxycarboxylic acids in the present invention, one or more selected from glycolic acid, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, glucuronic acid, heptonic acid, malic acid and water-soluble salts thereof are used. Among these, tartaric acid, citric acid or a salt thereof are more preferable because they can ensure a pot life with a small amount and exhibit good strength, and citric acid is particularly preferable.
（Ｄ）オキシカルボン酸類の含有量は特に限定されるものではないが、十分な可使時間を得る点及び硬化が必要以上に遅延させない点から、速硬性セメント混和材中、１〜６質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは１〜５質量部である。 (D) Although content of oxycarboxylic acid is not specifically limited, 1-6 mass parts in a quick-hardening cement admixture from the point which obtains sufficient pot life, and the point which hardening does not delay more than necessary. Is more preferable, and 1 to 5 parts by mass is more preferable.
本発明における（Ｅ）ギ酸又はその塩としては、例えば、ギ酸、ギ酸カルシウム、ギ酸アンモニウム、ギ酸ナトリウムなどが挙げられる。特にギ酸カルシウムが汎用な粉体であるとともにカルシウム塩であることから、アルカリ骨材反応に悪影響を与えず、カルシウムアルミネート類およびセメントの水和反応に必要なカルシウムイオンを供給するため好ましい。 Examples of (E) formic acid or a salt thereof in the present invention include formic acid, calcium formate, ammonium formate, sodium formate and the like. In particular, since calcium formate is a general-purpose powder and a calcium salt, it is preferable because calcium ions necessary for the hydration reaction of calcium aluminates and cement are supplied without adversely affecting the alkali-aggregate reaction.
本発明の速硬性混和材における（Ｅ）ギ酸又はその塩の添加による効果は、環境温度による可使時間の変動を低減するものである。具体的には、本発明の速硬性セメント混和材を用いて製造されたモルタル等は、５℃における可使時間と３０℃における可使時間を３０分以内に抑えることが可能となる。この環境温度による可使時間の変動低減効果は、（Ｃ）炭酸水素塩、（Ｄ）オキシカルボン酸類及び（Ｅ）ギ酸又はその塩の３成分を併用したときに特に良好となる。 The effect of the addition of (E) formic acid or a salt thereof in the quick-setting admixture of the present invention reduces the variation in pot life due to the environmental temperature. Specifically, the mortar manufactured using the quick-hardening cement admixture of the present invention can reduce the pot life at 5 ° C. and the pot life at 30 ° C. within 30 minutes. The effect of reducing the variation in pot life due to the environmental temperature is particularly good when the three components (C) bicarbonate, (D) oxycarboxylic acids and (E) formic acid or salts thereof are used in combination.
（Ｅ）ギ酸又はその塩の含有量は特に限定されるものではないが、低温及び高温での十分な可使時間を得る点から、速硬性セメント混和材中、１〜８質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは１〜５質量部である。 (E) The content of formic acid or a salt thereof is not particularly limited, but 1 to 8 parts by mass is preferable in the quick-setting cement admixture from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient pot life at low and high temperatures, More preferably, it is 1-5 mass parts.
また、本発明の速硬性セメント混和材は、上記構成成分に加えて、本発明の効果を喪失させない範囲で他の成分を含有したものでも良い。例えば、増粘剤、減水剤、高性能減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤、膨張材、収縮低減剤、顔料、消泡剤、発泡剤、繊維、シリカフューム、ポリマー等の一種又は二種以上を含有させることが可能である。 Moreover, the quick-hardening cement admixture of the present invention may contain other components as long as the effects of the present invention are not lost in addition to the above components. For example, one or more of thickener, water reducing agent, high performance water reducing agent, high performance AE water reducing agent, expansion material, shrinkage reducing agent, pigment, antifoaming agent, foaming agent, fiber, silica fume, polymer, etc. It is possible to make it.
本発明における速硬性セメント混和材は、上記の各成分を混合して製造される。混合方法は特に制限されるものではなく、例えば、レディゲミキサやハイスピーダー等の混合機を使用して製造することができる。 The quick-hardening cement admixture in the present invention is produced by mixing the above components. The mixing method is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be manufactured using a mixer such as a Redige mixer or a high speeder.
本発明の速硬性セメント組成物は、前記の速硬性セメント混和材とセメントを含有するものである。速硬性セメント混和材の配合割合は、セメント１００質量部に対し、速硬性セメント混和材３〜３０質量部が好ましい。本発明における速硬性セメント混和材は、低添加率でも効果が得られることが特徴であるが、３重量部未満では速硬性が付与され難く、早期強度発現性も低くなる可能性がある。一方、３０質量部を超えると型枠の脱型には過剰な強度が発現するため経済的ではない。より好ましくは、５〜２０質量部であり、さらに好ましくは８〜１５質量部である。 The quick-setting cement composition of the present invention contains the above-mentioned quick-setting cement admixture and cement. The blending ratio of the quick-hardening cement admixture is preferably 3 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. The fast-curing cement admixture in the present invention is characterized in that the effect can be obtained even at a low addition rate, but if it is less than 3 parts by weight, it is difficult to impart fast-curing property, and early strength development may be reduced. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 30 parts by mass, excessive strength is exhibited in removing the mold, which is not economical. More preferably, it is 5-20 mass parts, More preferably, it is 8-15 mass parts.
使用するセメントは、特に限定されないが、普通、早強、中庸熱、低熱ポルトランドセメント等のポルトランドセメントや、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント等の混合セメントを一種又は二種以上使用することができる。 Although the cement to be used is not particularly limited, one or more kinds of portland cement such as normal, early strength, moderate heat, and low heat Portland cement, and mixed cement such as blast furnace cement and fly ash cement can be used.
また、本発明の速硬性セメント組成物は、本発明の効果を喪失させない範囲で上記速硬性セメント混和材とセメントに加えて、他の成分を含有したものでも良く、例えば、増粘剤、減水剤、高性能減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤、膨張材、収縮低減剤、防錆剤、防凍剤、顔料、消泡剤、発泡剤、繊維、シリカフューム、ポリマー等の一種又は二種以上を含有しても良い。 Further, the quick-setting cement composition of the present invention may contain other components in addition to the above-mentioned quick-setting cement admixture and cement within a range not losing the effects of the present invention. Contains one or more agents such as additives, high-performance water reducing agents, high-performance AE water reducing agents, swelling materials, shrinkage reducing agents, rust preventives, antifreeze agents, pigments, antifoaming agents, foaming agents, fibers, silica fume, and polymers. You may do it.
本発明の速硬性セメント組成物を用いてモルタル等を製造する場合、水および骨材の配合は特に限定されるものではないが、材料が分離しないよう配合するのが好適である。 When manufacturing mortar etc. using the quick-hardening cement composition of this invention, the mixing | blending of water and an aggregate is although it does not specifically limit, It is suitable to mix | blend so that material may not isolate | separate.
本発明の速硬性セメント組成物の製造方法は、特に限定されるものではないが、傾動ミキサ、パン型ミキサ、２軸ミキサ、グラウトミキサ、ホバートミキサ、オムニミキサなど汎用的なミキサを用いることで製造可能である。 The method for producing the fast-curing cement composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is produced by using a general-purpose mixer such as a tilting mixer, a pan-type mixer, a biaxial mixer, a grout mixer, a Hobart mixer, and an omni mixer. Is possible.
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に詳しく説明するが、本発明は記載された実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples described.
（使用材料）
（１）カルシウムアルミネート：カルシウムアルミネートは市販の生石灰（和光純薬工業社製純度９５．０％試薬）およびアルミナ（和光純薬工業社製特級試薬）を用い［ＣａＯ］／［Ａｌ2Ｏ3］＝２．１となるように配合した。これを電気炉にて溶融させ溶融物を急冷することでガラス化率８０％のクリンカを得た。得られたクリンカをディスクミルでブレーンが５０００±２００ｃｍ2／ｇとなるよう調製した。
（２）石膏類：無水石膏、旭硝子社製市販品、ブレーン比表面積４０００ｃｍ2／ｇ
（３）可溶性炭酸塩：炭酸水素ナトリウム、和光純薬工業社製一級試薬
（４）ギ酸類：ギ酸カルシウム、和光純薬工業社製試薬
（５）オキシカルボン酸：クエン酸、和光純薬工業社製試薬
（６）セメント：太平洋セメント社製（普通ポルトランドセメント、密度；３．１６ｇ／ｃｍ3）
（７）細骨材：セメント強さ標準砂
（８）水：水道水
(Materials used)
(1) Calcium aluminate: Calcium aluminate uses commercially available quicklime (purity 95.0% reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) and alumina (special grade reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) [CaO] / [Al 2 O 3 ] = 2.1. This was melted in an electric furnace and the melt was rapidly cooled to obtain a clinker having a vitrification rate of 80%. The obtained clinker was prepared with a disk mill so that the brain was 5000 ± 200 cm 2 / g.
(2) Gypsum: anhydrous gypsum, a commercial product manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., Blaine specific surface area of 4000 cm 2 / g
(3) Soluble carbonate: sodium bicarbonate, first grade reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (4) formic acid: calcium formate, reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (5) oxycarboxylic acid: citric acid, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. Reagent (6) Cement: Taiheiyo Cement (ordinary Portland cement, density: 3.16 g / cm 3 )
(7) Fine aggregate: Cement strength standard sand (8) Water: Tap water
（配合）
試験はモルタルにて実施し、配合は重量比で砂／セメント＝１．５、水／結合材（セメント＋速硬材）＝０．３、セメント／速硬材＝１０とした。
(Combination)
The test was carried out in mortar, and the blending was performed by weight ratio of sand / cement = 1.5, water / binder (cement + fast-hardening material) = 0.3, and cement / fast-hardening material = 10.
（試験内容）
モルタルは水にセメント、砂、速硬材をあらかじめ混合した粉体を添加し、ホバートミキサで３分間練混ぜることで製造した。
練りあがったモルタルをφ５×１０ｃｍの鋼製型枠に打設し、強度測定用試験体とした。養生は材齢までは型枠封緘養生とした。硬化時間（可使時間に対応）はビガー針装置を用いて五分毎に終結針を落とし、終結針の跡がモルタル表面につかなくなった時間とした。
(contents of the test)
The mortar was manufactured by adding a powder prepared by mixing cement, sand, and quick-hardening material in advance with water and kneading with a Hobart mixer for 3 minutes.
The kneaded mortar was placed in a steel mold having a diameter of 5 × 10 cm to obtain a test specimen for strength measurement. The curing was a mold-sealing curing until age. The curing time (corresponding to the pot life) was the time when the end needle was dropped every 5 minutes using a bigger needle device, and the trace of the end needle was no longer on the mortar surface.
＜実施例１＞
速硬性セメント混和材の配合及び試験結果を表１に示す。
クエン酸を含まない水準４は、硬化時間が短く、十分な可使時間を確保することができなかった。また、炭酸水素ナトリウムを含まない水準５は、３時間強度が低く、速硬性を付与することができなかった。
ギ酸カルシウムを含まない水準７は、３０℃における硬化時間が２５分と短く、十分な可使時間を確保できなかった。そこで３０℃における可使時間を確保するために、クエン酸の添加量を増やしたが、その場合（水準６）、５℃において初期の強度発現性が不十分であり、３時間では脱型することができなくなった。このように、ギ酸カルシウムを含まない場合、適切な硬化時間と３時間強度が得られる配合を設計することが困難であった。
一方、クエン酸、炭酸水素ナトリウム及びギ酸カルシウムを配合した水準では、いずれの環境温度でも３０分〜９０分の硬化時間となり、かつ５℃における硬化時間と３０℃における硬化時間の差を３０分以内に設定できることが分かった。また、３時間強度はいずれの環境温度でも５Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上であり、十分な脱型可能な強度を有することが分かった。
<Example 1>
Table 1 shows the composition of the quick-hardening cement admixture and the test results.
Level 4 containing no citric acid had a short curing time, and a sufficient pot life could not be secured. Moreover, level 5 which does not contain sodium hydrogencarbonate was low in strength for 3 hours, and was not able to impart fast hardening.
Level 7 not containing calcium formate had a short setting time of 25 minutes at 30 ° C., and a sufficient pot life could not be secured. Therefore, in order to ensure the pot life at 30 ° C., the amount of citric acid added was increased, but in that case (level 6), the initial strength development was insufficient at 5 ° C., and demolding after 3 hours. I can't do it. Thus, when calcium formate was not included, it was difficult to design a formulation that would provide an appropriate setting time and 3 hour strength.
On the other hand, at the level where citric acid, sodium hydrogen carbonate and calcium formate were blended, the curing time was 30 minutes to 90 minutes at any environmental temperature, and the difference between the curing time at 5 ° C. and the curing time at 30 ° C. was within 30 minutes. It turned out that it can set to. Further, the strength for 3 hours was 5 N / mm 2 or more at any environmental temperature, and it was found that the strength was sufficient for demolding.
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| KR102372576B1 (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-11 | (주)콘텍이엔지 | Polymer admixture modified rapid setting concrete composite and method for reparing and reinforcing concrete structures road pavement using the same |
| WO2022196633A1 (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-09-22 | デンカ株式会社 | Cement admixture, cement composition, and method for producing concrete product |
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| JP7316151B2 (en) | 2019-08-23 | 2023-07-27 | デンカ株式会社 | Concrete structure deterioration diagnosis tool |
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