JP2017143780A - Method for seeding cells on scaffold material and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、足場材料への細胞播種方法及びその装置に係わり、更に詳しくは再生医療等において３次元培養のために必要な足場材料への細胞播種方法及びその装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a cell seeding method and apparatus for scaffold material, and more particularly to a cell seeding method and apparatus for scaffold material necessary for three-dimensional culture in regenerative medicine and the like.
再生医療等に用いるためのヒト軟骨等の３次元生体組織を、細胞を培養して作製する場合、通常は生分解性で連続多孔性の足場材料に細胞を播種し、適宜な培養方法によって３次元培養する。 When a three-dimensional living tissue such as human cartilage for use in regenerative medicine or the like is prepared by culturing cells, the cells are usually seeded on a biodegradable and continuous porous scaffold material, and 3 Dimensionally culture.
特許文献１には、生分解性高分子のコーティング層を形成したコラーゲン糸状物を成形して作製した連通多孔体からなる組織再生材料に、細胞を培地（培養液）に懸濁した懸濁液（細胞液）を直接塗布して播種する方法が開示されている。しかし、足場材料の外部から細胞液を塗布する方法では、足場材料の芯部まで細胞を十分に注入することはできない。 Patent Document 1 discloses a suspension in which cells are suspended in a culture medium (culture medium) in a tissue regeneration material composed of a continuous porous body formed by molding a collagen filament having a biodegradable polymer coating layer. A method of directly applying (cell solution) and seeding is disclosed. However, in the method of applying cell fluid from the outside of the scaffold material, the cells cannot be sufficiently injected to the core of the scaffold material.
特許文献２、３には、細胞を多孔性足場材料に減圧下で吸着させることにより播種する点が開示されている。具体的には、細胞を含む懸濁液に足場材料を浸漬し、スターラー等で培地を撹拌しながら、密閉容器内で真空ポンプ及び圧力調整器を用いて80〜120mmHgの陰圧をかけて一定時間（例えば5〜20分間）保持することにより、細胞を足場材料内に導入するという方法である。尚、陰圧の代わりに加圧条件下に置くこともある。 Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose that cells are seeded by adsorbing a porous scaffold material under reduced pressure. Specifically, the scaffold material is immersed in a suspension containing cells, and the medium is stirred with a stirrer, etc., and a negative pressure of 80 to 120 mmHg is applied using a vacuum pump and a pressure regulator in a sealed container. This is a method of introducing cells into the scaffold material by holding for a time (for example, 5 to 20 minutes). In addition, it may put on pressurization conditions instead of negative pressure.
しかし、足場材料に減圧下で細胞液を浸透させる方法（減圧法）は、塗布法よりも足場材料のより内部まで細胞液を導入することができるものの、足場材料が浸漬するほど大量の細胞液が必要であり、また前述のような真空機器が必要になって装置コストが嵩むばかりでなく、クリーンルームあるいはアイソレータ内で使用するには排気処理も問題になり、手軽に利用することができない。また、この減圧法は、一度のバッチ処理に比較的長時間を要するので、大量に処理するのに適しているが、少量の処理には適しない。 However, the method of allowing the cell fluid to permeate into the scaffold material under reduced pressure (depressurization method) can introduce the cell fluid into the scaffold material more than the coating method, but a larger amount of cell fluid is immersed in the scaffold material. In addition, the above-described vacuum equipment is required and the cost of the apparatus is increased, and the exhaust treatment also becomes a problem when used in a clean room or an isolator and cannot be used easily. Further, this decompression method requires a relatively long time for batch processing once, and is suitable for a large amount of processing, but is not suitable for a small amount of processing.
更に、これら細胞を足場材料の外側から播種する方法では、足場材料の芯部まで細胞を十分に導入することができないばかりでなく、播種した細胞の密度が不均一になる。特に、再生医療には比較的大きな生体組織を作製する必要があり、それに応じて足場材料も肉厚が大きくならざるを得ないが、その場合には足場材料の芯部への細胞播種の問題は顕著になる。足場材料の芯部まで細胞を均一に播種できないと、それを培養して作製した生体組織も均質にはならない。 Furthermore, in the method of seeding these cells from the outside of the scaffold material, not only the cells cannot be sufficiently introduced to the core of the scaffold material, but also the density of the seeded cells becomes non-uniform. In particular, regenerative medicine requires preparation of a relatively large living tissue, and the thickness of the scaffold material must be increased accordingly. In this case, there is a problem of cell seeding on the core of the scaffold material. Becomes prominent. If cells cannot be uniformly seeded to the core of the scaffold material, the biological tissue produced by culturing the cells will not be homogeneous.
また、人手によってシリンジを用いて、細胞液を足場材料に注入する方法もあるが、作業者スキルによるバラツキが大きく、また細胞培養のアイソレータ内で作業中に針を直接何度も触るのでグローブの破損やコンタミのリスクが大きい。 In addition, there is a method of manually injecting cell fluid into the scaffold material using a syringe by hand, but the variation due to operator skill is large, and the needle is touched many times during work in the cell culture isolator, so the glove There is a high risk of damage and contamination.
そこで、本発明が前述の状況に鑑み、解決しようとするところは、比較的大きな寸法の足場材料でも芯部から短時間で均一に細胞を自動的に播種することができ、更に細胞を培地に懸濁した細胞液の使用量も必要最小限に抑制できる、足場材料への細胞播種方法及びその装置を提供する点にある。 Therefore, in view of the situation described above, the present invention intends to solve the problem that even a relatively large size scaffold material can be seeded automatically and uniformly from the core portion in a short time, and the cell is further used as a medium. The object of the present invention is to provide a cell seeding method for a scaffold material and an apparatus therefor, which can suppress the amount of the suspended cell solution to be used to a minimum.
本発明は、前述の課題解決のために、以下の足場材料への細胞播種方法及び足場材料への細胞装置を構成した。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has the following cell seeding method for scaffold materials and cell devices for scaffold materials.
（１）細胞が３次元的に増殖するための足場として機能する多孔性足場材料に、細胞を播種するための細胞播種方法であって、細胞が培養液に懸濁した状態の細胞液を、側面部に複数の吐出口を設けたニードルを備えたシリンジに充填し、足場材料に全ての吐出口が埋没するように穿刺した前記ニードルから細胞液を該足場材料の内部に加圧注入して、細胞を足場材料に均一に播種することを含む、足場材料への細胞播種方法。
（２）前記足場材料に対して前記ニードルを静止状態で細胞液を加圧注入する、（１）記載の足場材料への細胞播種方法。
（３）前記足場材料に対して前記ニードルを穿刺方向に対して、前進又は後退若しくは前進と後退を組み合わせて移動させながら細胞液を加圧注入する、（１）記載の足場材料への細胞播種方法。
（４）前記足場材料は円柱形状であり、前記ニードルを該足場材料の中心軸に沿って穿刺する、（１）〜（３）の何れか１項に記載の足場材料への細胞播種方法。
（５）前記ニードルは、ニードルチップを除く先端部分の側面部に複数の吐出口を備え、全ての吐出口で細胞液の単位時間当たりの吐出量を略均一に設定した、（１）〜（４）の何れか１項に記載の足場材料への細胞播種方法。
(1) A cell seeding method for seeding cells on a porous scaffold material that functions as a scaffold for three-dimensional proliferation of cells, the cell solution in a state where the cells are suspended in a culture solution, Filling a syringe equipped with a needle having a plurality of discharge ports on the side surface, and pressurizing and injecting cell fluid into the scaffold material from the needle punctured so that all the discharge ports are buried in the scaffold material. A method for seeding cells on a scaffold material, comprising uniformly seeding cells on the scaffold material.
(2) The cell seeding method for the scaffold material according to (1), wherein the cell fluid is injected under pressure to the scaffold material in a stationary state.
(3) Cell seeding of the scaffold material according to (1), wherein the cell fluid is injected under pressure while moving the needle forward or backward or a combination of forward and backward with respect to the puncture direction with respect to the scaffold material. Method.
(4) The cell seeding method for the scaffold material according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the scaffold material has a cylindrical shape, and the needle is punctured along a central axis of the scaffold material.
(5) The needle is provided with a plurality of discharge ports on the side surface of the tip portion excluding the needle tip, and the discharge amount per unit time of the cell liquid is set to be substantially uniform at all the discharge ports. The cell seed | inoculation method to the scaffold material of any one of 4).
（６）細胞が３次元的に増殖するための足場として機能する多孔性足場材料に、細胞が培養液に懸濁した状態の細胞液を充填したシリンジを駆動し、均一に細胞を播種するための細胞播種装置であって、基台上に、多孔性足場材料を保持する足場材料保持部と、側面部に複数の吐出口を設けたニードルを備えたシリンジの外筒部を保持して穿刺方向に進退移動可能な主可動部と、前記シリンジのプランジャの端部を保持して前記シリンジの外筒部に対して進退移動可能な副可動部とを備え、更に前記主可動部を前進駆動して前記ニードルを全ての吐出口が埋没するように足場材料に穿刺する穿刺モードを備えるとともに、前記主可動部を静止状態で前記副可動部を前進駆動して前記ニードルから細胞液を足場材料の内部に加圧注入する静止注入モードと、前記主可動部を前進又は後退若しくは前進と後退を組み合わせて移動させながら、前記副可動部を前進駆動して前記ニードルから細胞液を足場材料の内部に加圧注入する移動注入モードの少なくとも一方を備えた、足場材料への細胞播種装置。
（７）前記副可動部は、前記主可動部を基準として進退移動可能に設け、前記主可動部に対する副可動部の変位によって、前記シリンジの外筒部に対するプランジャの押し込み量を制御して、前記ニードルによる加圧注入時の圧力及び単位時間当たりの注入量を調節する、（６）記載の足場材料への細胞播種装置。
（８）前記副可動部は、前記基台を基準として進退移動可能に設け、前記基台に対する前記主可動部の変位と副可動部の変位の差分によって、前記シリンジの外筒部に対するプランジャの押し込み量を制御して、前記ニードルによる加圧注入時の圧力及び単位時間当たりの注入量を調節する、（６）記載の足場材料への細胞播種装置。
（９）前記足場材料保持部は、内部に前記足場材料の外周を取り囲んで包持する収容空間を備えるとともに、一部に前記ニードルが進入する導入口を備えている、（６）〜（８）の何れか１項に記載の足場材料への細胞播種装置。
（１０）前記足場材料は円柱形状であり、前記ニードルを該足場材料の中心軸に沿って穿刺する、（６）〜（９）の何れか１項に記載の足場材料への細胞播種装置。
（１１）前記ニードルは、ニードルチップを除く先端部分の側面部に複数の吐出口を備え、全ての吐出口で細胞液の単位時間当たりの吐出量を略均一に設定した、（６）〜（１０）の何れか１項に記載の足場材料への細胞播種装置。
(6) In order to uniformly seed cells by driving a syringe filled with a cell solution in a state where cells are suspended in a culture solution on a porous scaffold material that functions as a scaffold for three-dimensional growth of cells. A cell seeding device for holding and puncturing on a base by holding a scaffold material holding part for holding a porous scaffold material and an outer cylinder part of a syringe provided with a needle having a plurality of discharge ports on a side part. A main movable portion that can move forward and backward in a direction, and a sub movable portion that holds the end of the plunger of the syringe and can move forward and backward relative to the outer cylinder portion of the syringe, and further drives the main movable portion forward And a puncture mode for puncturing the scaffold material so that all the discharge ports are buried in the needle, and the secondary movable portion is driven forward while the main movable portion is in a stationary state so that the cell fluid is drawn from the needle. Static injection to inject pressure inside Mode and moving injection mode in which the sub movable part is driven forward while the main movable part is moved forward or backward or a combination of forward and backward, and the cell fluid is pressurized and injected into the scaffold material from the needle. A cell seeding device for scaffold material, comprising at least one.
(7) The sub movable portion is provided so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the main movable portion, and by controlling the amount of pushing of the plunger with respect to the outer cylindrical portion of the syringe by the displacement of the sub movable portion with respect to the main movable portion, The cell seeding device for a scaffold material according to (6), wherein the pressure at the time of pressure injection by the needle and the injection amount per unit time are adjusted.
(8) The sub movable portion is provided so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the base, and a plunger of the syringe relative to the outer cylinder portion of the syringe is determined by a difference between the displacement of the main movable portion relative to the base and the displacement of the sub movable portion. The cell seeding device for a scaffold material according to (6), wherein the amount of pressing is controlled to adjust the pressure at the time of pressurizing injection with the needle and the injection amount per unit time.
(9) The scaffold material holding portion includes an accommodation space that surrounds and surrounds the outer periphery of the scaffold material, and includes an introduction port through which the needle enters partly. (6) to (8) The cell seeding device to the scaffold material according to any one of (1).
(10) The cell seeding device for a scaffold material according to any one of (6) to (9), wherein the scaffold material has a cylindrical shape, and the needle is punctured along a central axis of the scaffold material.
(11) The needle includes a plurality of discharge ports in a side surface portion of a tip portion excluding a needle tip, and the discharge amount per unit time of the cell liquid is set to be substantially uniform at all the discharge ports. 10. The cell seeding device for the scaffold material according to any one of 10).
本発明の足場材料への細胞播種方法及びその装置によれば、比較的大きな寸法の足場材料でも芯部から短時間で均一に細胞を自動的に播種することができる。また、細胞を培地に懸濁した細胞液は、必要最小限の使用量で済み、高価な細胞や培地を節約できる。作業者スキルによらず、足場材料に安定した播種が行なえる。また、本発明の細胞播種装置は、クリーンルームあるいはアイソレータ内で使用することができる。 According to the cell seeding method and apparatus for the scaffold material of the present invention, even a relatively large size scaffold material can be seeded automatically and uniformly from the core in a short time. In addition, a cell solution in which cells are suspended in a medium can be used in the minimum necessary amount, and expensive cells and medium can be saved. Regardless of operator skill, stable seeding can be performed on the scaffold material. The cell seeding device of the present invention can be used in a clean room or an isolator.
次に、添付図面に示した実施形態に基づき、本発明を更に詳細に説明する。図１〜図１３は本発明の足場材料への細胞播種装置を示し、図中符号１は細胞播種装置、２はシリンジ、３は足場材料、１１は基台、１２は主可動部、１３は副可動部、２１は外筒部、２２はプランジャ、２３はニードル、２４は吐出口、３１は足場材料保持部をそれぞれ示している。尚、図１〜図１３に示した細胞播種装置１は縦型であり、図１４に示した細胞播種装置１Ａは横型であるが、基本構造は縦型と同じである。 Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. 1 to 13 show a cell seeding device for a scaffold material of the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 is a cell seeding device, 2 is a syringe, 3 is a scaffold material, 11 is a base, 12 is a main movable part, 13 is The sub movable part, 21 is an outer cylinder part, 22 is a plunger, 23 is a needle, 24 is a discharge port, and 31 is a scaffold material holding part. 1 to 13 is a vertical type, and the cell seeding apparatus 1A shown in FIG. 14 is a horizontal type, but the basic structure is the same as the vertical type.
本発明の細胞播種装置１は、細胞が３次元的に増殖するための足場として機能する多孔性足場材料３に、細胞が培地（培養液）に懸濁した状態の細胞液を充填したシリンジ２を駆動して、均一に細胞を播種するためのものである。 The cell seeding device 1 of the present invention is a syringe 2 in which a porous scaffold material 3 that functions as a scaffold for three-dimensional growth of cells is filled with a cell solution in a state where the cells are suspended in a culture medium (culture solution). To uniformly seed the cells.
本発明において「足場材料」とは、細胞が３次元的に増殖するための足場として機能する細胞足場材料（スキャホールド）を意味する。足場材料の足場部分は３次元構造を有しており、すなわち足場部分が立体的に配置されている。足場材料はその内部への細胞の侵入を可能にするため、多数の気孔（空隙）を有する。足場材料は、気孔を任意の形状及び／又は分布で有するものであってよいが、多孔性であることが好ましい。足場材料は、気孔間連通性を有していることがさらに好ましく、３次元ネットワーク構造を有していることも好ましい。足場材料について「多孔性」とは、孔径数μm〜数百μm程度の無数の気孔（空隙）が足場材料全体に比較的均一に存在することを指す。本発明においては、足場材料の空隙率（足場材料の全体積に比した空隙部分の体積の割合）は好ましくは30〜95％、より好ましくは60〜90％である。足場材料の孔径（気孔の直径）は、以下に限定されないが、好ましくは10〜500μm、より好ましくは50〜300μm、例えば50〜200μm（平均値）である。 In the present invention, the “scaffold material” means a cell scaffold material (scaffold) that functions as a scaffold for three-dimensional proliferation of cells. The scaffold part of the scaffold material has a three-dimensional structure, that is, the scaffold part is arranged three-dimensionally. The scaffold material has a large number of pores (voids) in order to allow cells to enter it. The scaffold material may have pores in any shape and / or distribution, but is preferably porous. The scaffold material more preferably has interstitial connectivity, and preferably has a three-dimensional network structure. “Porosity” with respect to the scaffold material means that innumerable pores (voids) having a pore diameter of about several μm to several hundred μm are present relatively uniformly throughout the scaffold material. In the present invention, the porosity of the scaffold material (ratio of the volume of the void portion relative to the total volume of the scaffold material) is preferably 30 to 95%, more preferably 60 to 90%. The pore diameter (pore diameter) of the scaffold material is not limited to the following, but is preferably 10 to 500 μm, more preferably 50 to 300 μm, for example 50 to 200 μm (average value).
足場材料の形状は、シリンジのニードルを穿刺して細胞液を注入できる形状であれば特に限定されず、円柱形、ディスク状、ブロック状、球形、楕円球形など任意の形状であってよい。本発明では、足場材料の大きさは、特に限定されないが、作製する生体組織の大きさに合わせた大きさであることが好ましい。本実施形態では、直径１０ｍｍ、長さ５０ｍｍの円柱形のものを用いた。 The shape of the scaffold material is not particularly limited as long as it can puncture a needle of a syringe and inject a cell solution, and may be any shape such as a columnar shape, a disk shape, a block shape, a spherical shape, an elliptical spherical shape. In the present invention, the size of the scaffold material is not particularly limited, but is preferably a size that matches the size of the living tissue to be produced. In this embodiment, a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm was used.
本発明で用いる足場材料は、生分解性材料で構成される。本発明の足場材料は、医療分野等で使用される、生体内で分解されて細胞及び／又は生体に無毒な代謝産物を生成する生分解性材料で構成されることが好ましい。本発明における生分解性の足場材料は、例えば、コラーゲン、生分解性ポリマー、多糖類、又はそれらの組み合わせを含むものであってよい。「コラーゲン」としては、I型、II型、III型、IV型、V型、VI型及びVII型コラーゲンのいずれか、若しくはそれらの処理物（テロペプチドを除去したアテロコラーゲンや、熱変性体であるゼラチン等）、又はそれらの混合物が挙げられる。コラーゲンは、２種以上のコラーゲンの混合物であってもよく、一例として、生体内での利用のために抗原性低減が望まれる場合には複数種のアテロコラーゲンの混合物、例えば、熱変性アテロコラーゲンと線維化アテロコラーゲンの混合物（線維化アテロコラーゲンに熱変性アテロコラーゲンを5〜20％、例えば7〜12％添加したものなど）であってもよい。他の生分解性ポリマーとしては、ポリ乳酸、ポリグリコール酸、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリアルギン酸などの生分解性ポリエステル類、キチン、キトサン、アルギン酸、ポリアスパラギン酸、ヒアルロン酸等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。生分解性の足場材料は市販のものを用いてもよいし、動物組織から抽出・精製したコラーゲン等の生分解性材料から作製したものを用いてもよい。本発明で用いる生分解性足場材料の好ましい例として、テルプラグ(R)（オリンパステルモバイオマテリアル株式会社）などの多孔性コラーゲンスポンジが挙げられる。 The scaffold material used in the present invention is composed of a biodegradable material. The scaffold material of the present invention is preferably composed of a biodegradable material that is used in the medical field or the like and is decomposed in vivo to produce a cell and / or a metabolite that is non-toxic to the living body. The biodegradable scaffold material in the present invention may include, for example, collagen, biodegradable polymer, polysaccharide, or a combination thereof. “Collagen” is any of type I, type II, type III, type IV, type V, type VI and type VII collagen, or a processed product thereof (atelocollagen from which telopeptide has been removed or heat-denatured. Gelatin), or a mixture thereof. Collagen may be a mixture of two or more types of collagen. For example, when reduction of antigenicity is desired for in vivo use, a mixture of a plurality of types of atelocollagen, for example, heat-denatured atelocollagen and fibers It may be a mixture of fibrillated atelocollagen (5-20%, for example, 7-12% of heat-denatured atelocollagen added to fibrotic atelocollagen). Other biodegradable polymers include, but are not limited to, biodegradable polyesters such as polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, polyalginic acid, chitin, chitosan, alginic acid, polyaspartic acid, hyaluronic acid, etc. Not. A commercially available biodegradable scaffold material may be used, or a biodegradable material such as collagen extracted and purified from animal tissue may be used. Preferable examples of the biodegradable scaffold material used in the present invention include porous collagen sponges such as TELPLUG (R) (Olympus Terumo Biomaterial Co., Ltd.).
本発明において「細胞」とは、培養細胞であり、初代培養細胞又は樹立細胞株であり得る。そのような細胞は正常細胞由来であってもがん細胞由来であってもよい。本発明における細胞は、任意の哺乳動物（例えば、マウス、ラット、モルモット、ハムスター、ウサギ、イヌ、ネコ、サル、ウシなど）由来であってよいが、ヒト由来が好ましい。本発明における細胞はまた、体性幹細胞、臍帯血幹細胞、ES細胞、iPS細胞等の幹細胞から分化誘導により特定生体組織細胞に分化させたものであってもよい。細胞は不死化されていても、有限増殖性であってもよい。本発明における細胞はまた、ヒト生体より採取した初代細胞（正常細胞）でもよい。本発明における細胞は、遺伝子導入等の遺伝子改変がされていない非遺伝子組換え細胞であってもよい。 In the present invention, the “cell” is a cultured cell, and may be a primary cultured cell or an established cell line. Such cells may be derived from normal cells or cancer cells. The cells in the present invention may be derived from any mammal (for example, mouse, rat, guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, dog, cat, monkey, cow, etc.), but preferably derived from human. The cells in the present invention may also be differentiated from specific stem cells such as somatic stem cells, umbilical cord blood stem cells, ES cells, and iPS cells into specific biological tissue cells by differentiation induction. The cell may be immortalized or finite proliferative. The cells in the present invention may also be primary cells (normal cells) collected from a human body. The cell in the present invention may be a non-genetically modified cell that has not been genetically modified such as gene transfer.
細胞を懸濁する培地（培養液）は、それらの細胞の培養に適した培地であれば特に限定されない。培地には、FBS（ウシ胎仔血清）や、Antibiotic-Antimycotic等の抗生物質を添加してもよい。培地には、分化誘導因子を含むものでもよい。 The medium (culture solution) for suspending cells is not particularly limited as long as it is a medium suitable for culturing these cells. Antibiotics such as FBS (fetal calf serum) and Antibiotic-Antimycotic may be added to the medium. The medium may contain a differentiation-inducing factor.
具体的には、本発明の細胞播種装置１は、図２及び図１１に示すように、基台１１上に、多孔性足場材料３を保持する足場材料保持部３１と、側面部に複数の吐出口２４，…を設けたニードル２３を備えたシリンジ２の外筒部２１を保持して穿刺方向に進退移動可能な主可動部１２と、前記シリンジ２のプランジャ２２の端部を保持して前記シリンジ２の外筒部２１に対して進退移動可能な副可動部１３とを備えている。ここで、本発明において「穿刺方向」とは、ニードル２３を足場材料３に突き刺す方向を意味する。本発明において「前進」とは穿刺方向に進むことを意味し、「後退」とは穿刺方向と逆に進むことを意味している。 Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 11, the cell seeding device 1 of the present invention includes a scaffold material holding portion 31 that holds a porous scaffold material 3 on a base 11 and a plurality of side surface portions. Holds the outer cylinder portion 21 of the syringe 2 provided with the needle 23 provided with the discharge ports 24,... And holds the end of the plunger 22 of the syringe 2 and the main movable portion 12 movable in the puncture direction. A sub-movable portion 13 that can move forward and backward with respect to the outer cylinder portion 21 of the syringe 2 is provided. Here, the “puncture direction” in the present invention means a direction in which the needle 23 is pierced into the scaffold material 3. In the present invention, “advance” means to advance in the puncture direction, and “retreat” means to advance in the direction opposite to the puncture direction.
更に、本発明は、図１１及び図１２に示すように、前記主可動部１２を前進駆動して前記ニードル２３を全ての吐出口２４，…が埋没するように足場材料３に穿刺する穿刺モードを備えている。加えて、本発明は、前記主可動部１２を静止状態で前記副可動部１３を前進駆動して前記ニードル２３から細胞液を足場材料３の内部に加圧注入する静止注入モード（図１３参照）と、前記主可動部１２を前進又は後退若しくは前進と後退を組み合わせて移動させながら、前記副可動部１３を前進駆動して前記ニードル２３から細胞液を足場材料３の内部に加圧注入する移動注入モードの少なくとも一方を備えている。つまり、前記移動注入モードは、更に前進注入モード又は後退注入モード又は前進後退注入モードを選択できるようになっている。 Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the present invention is a puncture mode in which the main movable part 12 is driven forward to puncture the scaffold material 3 so that all the discharge ports 24,... It has. In addition, the present invention provides a stationary injection mode in which the secondary movable unit 13 is driven forward while the main movable unit 12 is stationary, and a cell fluid is pressurized and injected into the scaffold material 3 from the needle 23 (see FIG. 13). ) And moving the main movable portion 12 forward or backward, or a combination of forward and backward, while driving the auxiliary movable portion 13 forward, and injecting cell fluid from the needle 23 into the scaffold material 3 under pressure. At least one of the mobile injection modes is provided. That is, the moving injection mode can further select a forward injection mode, a backward injection mode, or a forward and backward injection mode.
ここで、前記副可動部１３は、前記主可動部１２を基準として進退移動可能に設け、前記主可動部１２に対する副可動部１３の変位によって、前記シリンジ２の外筒部２１に対するプランジャ２２の押し込み量を制御して、前記ニードル２３による加圧注入時の圧力及び単位時間当たりの注入量を調節するようにしている。尚、図示しないが、前記副可動部１３は、前記基台１１を基準として進退移動可能に設け、前記基台１１に対する前記主可動部１２の変位と副可動部１３の変位の差分によって、前記シリンジ２の外筒部２１に対するプランジャ２２の押し込み量を制御して、前記ニードル２３による加圧注入時の圧力及び単位時間当たりの注入量を調節することも可能である。 Here, the sub movable portion 13 is provided so as to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the main movable portion 12, and the displacement of the sub movable portion 13 relative to the main movable portion 12 causes the plunger 22 to move relative to the outer cylindrical portion 21 of the syringe 2. By controlling the push-in amount, the pressure at the time of pressurization injection by the needle 23 and the injection amount per unit time are adjusted. Although not shown, the sub movable portion 13 is provided so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the base 11, and the difference between the displacement of the main movable portion 12 and the displacement of the sub movable portion 13 with respect to the base 11 is It is also possible to adjust the pressure at the time of pressurized injection by the needle 23 and the injection amount per unit time by controlling the pushing amount of the plunger 22 with respect to the outer cylinder portion 21 of the syringe 2.
また、本発明において、前記足場材料保持部３１は、図１〜図３及び図７に示すように、前記基台１１に取付けたサポート部材３２と、内部に前記足場材料３を収容した状態で前記サポート部材３２に着脱可能に保持する保護部材３３とからなり、前記保護部材３３の内部に前記足場材料３の外周を取り囲んで包持する収容空間３４を備えるとともに、一部に前記ニードル２３が進入する導入口３５を備えている。本実施形態では、前記足場材料３は円柱形状であり、前記ニードル２３を該足場材料３の中心軸に沿って穿刺するようになっている。 Moreover, in this invention, the said scaffold material holding | maintenance part 31 is in the state which accommodated the said scaffold material 3 in the support member 32 attached to the said base 11, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 and FIG. The protective member 33 is detachably held on the support member 32. The protective member 33 includes an accommodation space 34 that surrounds and surrounds the outer periphery of the scaffold material 3, and a part of the needle 23 is provided. An inlet 35 for entering is provided. In the present embodiment, the scaffold material 3 has a cylindrical shape, and the needle 23 is punctured along the central axis of the scaffold material 3.
更に詳しくは、前記足場材料保持部３１のサポート部材３２は、上方に開放した円筒部３６と下端部周囲に張り出した受皿部３７とを有し、前記円筒部３６の上部の対向壁部に切欠部３８，３８を形成して指を受け入れるようになっている。前記保護部材３３は、外形が前記サポート部材３２の円筒部３６に内嵌する円筒状で、中心線を含む直径方向に二つ割りした構造になっており、接合面にはダボ３９と凹部（図示せず）による凹凸嵌合構造を設けている。そして、前記保護部材３３を分離状態で、一方の分割部材３３Ａの収容空間３４に前記足場材料３を収容し、他方の分割部材３３Ｂを接合し、その接合状態を保ったまま、前記サポート部材３２の円筒部３６に収容して保持する。前記収容空間３４の大きさ及び形状は、それに収容する足場材料３に応じて決定される。 More specifically, the support member 32 of the scaffold material holding part 31 has a cylindrical part 36 opened upward and a receiving part 37 projecting around the lower end part, and a notch is formed in the opposing wall part at the upper part of the cylindrical part 36. Portions 38 and 38 are formed to accept the fingers. The protective member 33 has a cylindrical shape in which the outer shape is fitted into the cylindrical portion 36 of the support member 32 and is divided into two in the diametrical direction including the center line. 3) is provided. Then, with the protection member 33 in the separated state, the scaffold material 3 is accommodated in the accommodation space 34 of the one split member 33A, the other split member 33B is joined, and the support member 32 is maintained while maintaining the joined state. The cylindrical portion 36 is housed and held. The size and shape of the accommodation space 34 are determined according to the scaffold material 3 accommodated therein.
本実施形態のシリンジ２は、図３に示すように、外筒部２１の筒先に前記ニードル２３の基部のアダプター２５を接続して使用し、前記外筒部２１にはバックフランジ２６を備えるとともに、前記プランジャ２２の端部にプランジャボタン２７を備えた通常の構造である。そして、本発明における前記ニードル２３は、図８〜図１０に示すように、先端部分の側面部に複数の吐出口２４，…を備えている。更に詳しくは、本発明のニードル２３は、ニードルチップ２８を除く側面部に中心の流路２９に連通する複数の吐出口２４，…を備えている。前記吐出口２４を備える領域は、注入モードに応じて異なる。尚、前記ニードルチップ２８にも吐出口２４を設けることは可能であるが、足場材料３に穿刺時に該材料で吐出口が塞がることも想定されるので、細胞液の均一播種に必要である場合を除き、ニードルチップ２８には吐出口は設けない。 As shown in FIG. 3, the syringe 2 of the present embodiment is used by connecting an adapter 25 at the base of the needle 23 to the tube tip of the outer tube portion 21, and the outer tube portion 21 includes a back flange 26. The plunger 22 is provided with a plunger button 27 at the end of the plunger 22. And the said needle 23 in this invention is equipped with several discharge ports 24 ... in the side part of the front-end | tip part, as shown in FIGS. More specifically, the needle 23 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 24,... Communicating with the central flow path 29 on the side surface except for the needle tip 28. The region provided with the discharge port 24 varies depending on the injection mode. In addition, although it is possible to provide the discharge port 24 also in the said needle tip 28, since it is also assumed that a discharge port is obstruct | occluded with the material at the time of puncture to the scaffold material 3, it is required for uniform seeding of a cell liquid Except for, the needle tip 28 is not provided with a discharge port.
先ず、図８に示したニードル２３（Ａタイプ）は、静止注入モードで使用するものであり、前記足場材料３に穿刺した状態で、該足場材料３の内部に均一に細胞液を注入できるように、挿入部分の全長にわたって前記吐出口２４，…を一定間隔で設けたものである。本実施形態では、先端から等間隔に１０箇所の位置に前記吐出口２４，…を設けている。次に、図９に示したニードル２３（Ｂタイプ）は、移動注入モードで使用するものであり、先端部のみの狭い範囲に前記吐出口２４，…を一定間隔で設けたものである。本実施形態では、先端から等間隔に４箇所の位置に前記吐出口２４，…を設けている。 First, the needle 23 (A type) shown in FIG. 8 is used in the static injection mode, and can inject the cell fluid uniformly into the scaffold material 3 in a state where the scaffold material 3 is punctured. In addition, the discharge ports 24,... Are provided at regular intervals over the entire length of the insertion portion. In the present embodiment, the discharge ports 24,... Are provided at 10 positions at equal intervals from the tip. Next, the needle 23 (B type) shown in FIG. 9 is used in the moving injection mode, and the discharge ports 24,... In the present embodiment, the discharge ports 24,... Are provided at four positions at equal intervals from the tip.
ここで、前記ニードル２３を前記足場材料３に穿刺した状態で、全ての吐出口２４，…で細胞液の単位時間当たりの吐出量を略均一に設定することが望ましい。オリフィスにおける流量は、内外の圧力差とコンダクタンスの積で表される。各吐出口２４の外側の圧力、つまり足場材料３に接する部分の圧力は一定であると仮定し、全吐出口２４の流路長が同じであると仮定する。ニードル２３の流路２９内の圧力が至るところで一定であると見なせる場合には、全吐出口２４の断面を同形、例えば断面が円形の場合には同じ直径又は半径に設定すれば、全ての吐出口２４のコンダクタンスは同じになり、吐出量を略均一にすることができる。一方、ニードル２３の流路２９の先端に向けて内圧が漸減する場合には、全吐出口２４で同じ吐出量を確保するためには、先端側の吐出口２４ほどコンダクタンスを大きく、例えば直径又は半径を大きくすればよい。あるいは、ニードル２３の単位長さ当たりの吐出量を略均一にするという発想もある。その場合、各吐出口２４のコンダクタンスを同じに設定し、ニードル２３の流路２９内の圧力の変化に応じて、吐出口２４を設ける数密度を変えればよい。 Here, it is desirable that the discharge amount per unit time of the cell liquid is set to be substantially uniform at all the discharge ports 24 in a state where the needle 23 is punctured into the scaffold material 3. The flow rate at the orifice is expressed by the product of the internal and external pressure difference and the conductance. It is assumed that the pressure outside each discharge port 24, that is, the pressure in the portion in contact with the scaffold material 3 is constant, and the flow path lengths of all the discharge ports 24 are the same. If the pressure in the flow path 29 of the needle 23 can be regarded as constant everywhere, the cross section of all the discharge ports 24 is set to the same shape, for example, the same diameter or radius when the cross section is circular. The conductance of the outlet 24 is the same, and the discharge amount can be made substantially uniform. On the other hand, when the internal pressure gradually decreases toward the tip of the flow path 29 of the needle 23, in order to ensure the same discharge amount at all the discharge ports 24, the conductance is increased as the discharge ports 24 on the tip side, for example, the diameter or What is necessary is just to enlarge a radius. Alternatively, there is an idea of making the discharge amount per unit length of the needle 23 substantially uniform. In this case, the conductance of each discharge port 24 is set to be the same, and the number density at which the discharge ports 24 are provided may be changed according to the change in the pressure in the flow path 29 of the needle 23.
更に具体的に、本発明の細胞播種装置１を説明する。前記基台１１は、図４に示すように、水平なベース板１１１の上面に垂直な支柱部１１２を固定した構造であり、前記ベース板１１１の上面には前記足場材料保持部３１を取付けている。前記支柱部１１２は、支持板１１３とその両側に設けた補強板１１４，１１４とで平面視略コ字形の剛性の高い構造となっている。そして、前記支持板１１３には、上下方向にリニアガイド１１５のガイドレール１１５Ａを固定するとともに、該ガイドレール１１５Ａに平行に、ステッピングモータやサーボモータ等の回転数を制御可能な駆動モータ１１６で回転駆動される送りねじ機構１１７のねじ軸１１７Ａが設けられている。尚、送りねじ機構１１７の代わりに更に精度の高いボールねじを用いてもよい。 More specifically, the cell seeding device 1 of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the base 11 has a structure in which a vertical column 112 is fixed to the upper surface of a horizontal base plate 111, and the scaffold material holding portion 31 is attached to the upper surface of the base plate 111. Yes. The support column 112 has a substantially rigid U-shaped structure in plan view with a support plate 113 and reinforcing plates 114 and 114 provided on both sides thereof. A guide rail 115A of a linear guide 115 is fixed to the support plate 113 in the vertical direction, and is rotated in parallel with the guide rail 115A by a drive motor 116 capable of controlling the rotation speed of a stepping motor, a servo motor, or the like. A screw shaft 117A of the feed screw mechanism 117 to be driven is provided. In place of the feed screw mechanism 117, a ball screw with higher accuracy may be used.
そして、前記主可動部１２は、図２及び図３に示すように、前記基台１１の支柱部１１２に上下移動可能に設けられている。前記主可動部１２は、図５及び図６に示すように、基板１１８の表側下部に前記シリンジ２の外筒部２１を保持する外筒部保持部１１９を設けるとともに、裏側に前記リニアガイド１１５を構成する可動ブロック１１５Ｂ，１１５Ｂを上下に固定するとともに、前記送りねじ機構１１７を構成するナット１１７Ｂを固定している。勿論、前記可動ブロック１１５Ｂ，１１５Ｂは、前記ガイドレール１１５Ａにスライド可能に連係し、前記ナット１１７Ｂは、前記ねじ軸１１７Ａに螺進退可能に連係している。それにより、前記主可動部１２は、前記駆動モータ１１６で駆動された送りねじ機構１１７により、前記リニアガイド１１５で案内されて、前記基台１１の支柱部１１２に対して上下移動する。 And the main movable part 12 is provided in the support | pillar part 112 of the said base 11 so that an up-down movement is possible, as shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the main movable portion 12 is provided with an outer tube portion holding portion 119 for holding the outer tube portion 21 of the syringe 2 at the lower front side of the substrate 118, and the linear guide 115 on the back side. Are fixed up and down, and a nut 117B forming the feed screw mechanism 117 is fixed. Of course, the movable blocks 115B and 115B are slidably linked to the guide rail 115A, and the nut 117B is linked to the screw shaft 117A so as to be able to advance and retract. Thereby, the main movable portion 12 is guided by the linear guide 115 by the feed screw mechanism 117 driven by the drive motor 116, and moves up and down with respect to the column portion 112 of the base 11.
そして、前記副可動部１３は、図５及び図６に示すように、前記主可動部１２を基準として上下移動可能に設けられている。前記副可動部１３は、前記基板１１８の表側に、リニアガイド１２０と駆動モータ１２１で回転駆動される送りねじ機構１２２とによって上下移動可能に設けられている。この場合も、前記リニアガイド１２０は、前記基板１１８に上下方向に固定されたガイドレール１２０Ａと、前記副可動部１３の裏面側に固定され、前記ガイドレール１２０Ａに対してスライド移動する可動ブロック１２０Ｂとからなっている。また、前記送りねじ機構１２２も前記同様であり、前記基板１１８の表側に、前記ガイドレール１２０Ａに平行にねじ軸１２２Ａを設け、ナット１２２Ｂは前記副可動部１３の裏面に固定している。前記駆動モータ１２１も前記同様に、ステッピングモータやサーボモータ等の回転数を制御可能なものである。それにより、前記副可動部１３は、前記駆動モータ１２１で駆動された送りねじ機構１２２により、前記リニアガイド１２０で案内されて、前記基板１１８に対して上下移動する。更に、前記副可動部１３の表側に前記シリンジ２のプランジャ２２の端部を保持するプランジャ保持部１２３を設けている。 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the sub movable portion 13 is provided so as to be vertically movable with respect to the main movable portion 12. The sub movable portion 13 is provided on the front side of the substrate 118 so as to be vertically movable by a linear guide 120 and a feed screw mechanism 122 that is rotationally driven by a drive motor 121. Also in this case, the linear guide 120 is fixed to the substrate 118 in the vertical direction, and the movable block 120B is fixed to the back side of the auxiliary movable portion 13 and slides relative to the guide rail 120A. It is made up of. The feed screw mechanism 122 is the same as described above, and a screw shaft 122A is provided on the front side of the substrate 118 in parallel with the guide rail 120A, and the nut 122B is fixed to the back surface of the sub movable portion 13. Similarly to the above, the drive motor 121 can also control the rotation speed of a stepping motor, a servo motor, or the like. Thereby, the sub movable portion 13 is guided by the linear guide 120 by the feed screw mechanism 122 driven by the drive motor 121 and moves up and down with respect to the substrate 118. Furthermore, a plunger holding portion 123 that holds the end portion of the plunger 22 of the syringe 2 is provided on the front side of the sub movable portion 13.
また、安全のためとホームポジションを決定するために、各可動部の可動範囲を制限するリミット機構が設けられている。先ず、前記主可動部１２に対しては、前記基台１１の支柱部１１２の上下部に近接センサ１２４，１２４を取付け、前記基板１１８の一側端に取付けた規制片１２５を検出し、前記駆動モータ１１６を強制停止するようになっている。また、前記副可動部１３に対しては、前記基板１１８の他側部の上下部に、適宜な取付金具を介して近接センサ１２６，１２６を取付け、前記副可動部１３の一側端に取付けた規制片１２７を検出し、前記駆動モータ１１６を強制停止するようになっている。また、前記機構部を前記シリンジ２に対して覆うために、前記基板１１８の下端部に下方へ延びたカバー１２８を設けるとともに、前記基板１１８と平行にカバー１２９を設けている。更に、前記支柱部１１２の背後に、着脱可能に補助脚１３０を設け、前記ベース板１１１の下面及び前記補助脚１３０の先端部にゴム製の接地パッド１３１，…を設けている。 In addition, a limit mechanism for limiting the movable range of each movable part is provided for safety and for determining the home position. First, with respect to the main movable portion 12, proximity sensors 124, 124 are attached to the upper and lower portions of the column portion 112 of the base 11, and the regulation piece 125 attached to one end of the substrate 118 is detected, The drive motor 116 is forcibly stopped. In addition, proximity sensors 126 and 126 are attached to upper and lower portions of the other side portion of the substrate 118 with respect to the sub movable portion 13 via appropriate mounting brackets, and attached to one side end of the sub movable portion 13. The control piece 127 is detected and the drive motor 116 is forcibly stopped. Further, in order to cover the mechanism portion with respect to the syringe 2, a cover 128 extending downward is provided at the lower end portion of the substrate 118, and a cover 129 is provided in parallel with the substrate 118. Further, an auxiliary leg 130 is detachably provided behind the support column 112, and rubber ground pads 131,... Are provided on the lower surface of the base plate 111 and the tip of the auxiliary leg 130.
前記主可動部１２に設けた外筒部保持部１１９は、図２及び図５に示すように、前記シリンジ２の外筒部２１を受け入れる凹部１３２と、前記バックフランジ２６を嵌合するフランジ嵌合部１３３と、前記外筒部２１を外側から押さえて保持する保持部材１３４とからなる。前記保持部材１３４は、一端を水平回動可能に保持するとともに、他端を弾性的にフック１３５で係脱できるように構成している。また、前記副可動部１３に設けたプランジャ保持部１２３は、前記シリンジ２のプランジャボタン２７を嵌合するボタン嵌合部１３６で構成している。前記凹部１３２、フランジ嵌合部１３３及びボタン嵌合部１３６は、シリンジ２に細胞液を充填した状態で、前記主可動部１２の前面側からシリンジ２の各部を受け入れて保持できる構造であり、特にニードル２３の穿刺方向において、前記フランジ嵌合部１３３に嵌合したバックフランジ２６を前記主可動部１２に対して移動不能に嵌合し、前記ボタン嵌合部１３６に嵌合したプランジャボタン２７を前記副可動部１３に対して移動不能に嵌合する。それにより、前記主可動部１２に対して前記副可動部１３が穿刺方向に相対変位、この場合、前進移動すると、前記プランジャ２２が外筒部２１内に押し込まれ、前記ニードル２３の吐出口２４，…から細胞液が吐出するのである。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the outer cylinder holding portion 119 provided in the main movable portion 12 is a flange fitting that fits the recess 132 that receives the outer cylinder 21 of the syringe 2 and the back flange 26. It consists of a joint part 133 and a holding member 134 that holds and holds the outer cylinder part 21 from the outside. The holding member 134 is configured so that one end can be horizontally rotated and the other end can be elastically engaged and disengaged by a hook 135. Further, the plunger holding portion 123 provided in the sub movable portion 13 is constituted by a button fitting portion 136 for fitting the plunger button 27 of the syringe 2. The concave portion 132, the flange fitting portion 133, and the button fitting portion 136 are structures that can receive and hold each portion of the syringe 2 from the front side of the main movable portion 12 with the syringe 2 filled with a cell solution, Particularly in the puncture direction of the needle 23, the back flange 26 fitted to the flange fitting portion 133 is fitted to the main movable portion 12 so as not to move, and the plunger button 27 fitted to the button fitting portion 136 is fitted. Is fitted to the auxiliary movable portion 13 so as not to move. As a result, when the sub movable portion 13 is relatively displaced in the puncture direction with respect to the main movable portion 12, in this case, when it moves forward, the plunger 22 is pushed into the outer cylinder portion 21, and the discharge port 24 of the needle 23. The cell fluid is discharged from.
本発明の細胞播種装置１は、可動部に設けた駆動モータ１２１や近接センサ１２６に接続するケーブルを保護するために、前記支柱部１１２と前記主可動部１２との間にチェーン型の可撓性ケーブル保護管１３７を設けている。また、図１及び図１４に示すように、前記基台１１の支柱部１１２には、前述の主可動部１２や副可動部１３などの機構部を覆うハウジング１３８を設け、該ハウジング１３８には前記シリンジ２の脱着作業のために前面側に開閉扉１３９を設けている。 The cell seeding device 1 of the present invention is a chain-type flexible between the support column 112 and the main movable unit 12 in order to protect the cable connected to the drive motor 121 and the proximity sensor 126 provided in the movable unit. A cable protection tube 137 is provided. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 14, the support column 112 of the base 11 is provided with a housing 138 that covers the above-described main movable portion 12 and sub-movable portion 13, and the like. An opening / closing door 139 is provided on the front side for removing and attaching the syringe 2.
また、前記足場材料保持部３１のサポート部材３２は、図１１に示すように、前記基台１１のベース板１１１に着脱可能に取付けている。前記ベース板１１１の前部の所定位置に開口１４０を形成し、該開口１４０に前記サポート部材３２の下面中央に突設した係合部１４１を係合させて位置決めし、下方から前記係合部１４１に取付ネジ１４２を螺合して締結する。前記サポート部材３２の円筒部３６の底部には液溜１４３を設けてあり、前記足場材料３から溢れた細胞液を受けるようになっている。更に、前記サポート部材３２の受皿部３７にも播種作業中にこぼれた細胞液を受けることができるようになっている。 The support member 32 of the scaffold material holding part 31 is detachably attached to the base plate 111 of the base 11 as shown in FIG. An opening 140 is formed at a predetermined position on the front portion of the base plate 111, and an engagement portion 141 protruding from the center of the lower surface of the support member 32 is engaged and positioned in the opening 140, and the engagement portion is viewed from below. The mounting screw 142 is screwed to 141 and fastened. A liquid reservoir 143 is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical portion 36 of the support member 32 so as to receive the overflowed cell fluid from the scaffold material 3. Further, the tray 37 of the support member 32 can receive the cell fluid spilled during the seeding operation.
本発明の細胞播種装置１の動作を図１１〜図１３に基づいて説明する。先ず、図１１に示すように、前記主可動部１２及び前記副可動部１３が最上位に位置する状態をホームポジションとする。前記外筒部保持部１１９の保持部材１３４を開いた状態で、細胞液を充填した前記シリンジ２を、前記凹部１３２、フランジ嵌合部１３３及びボタン嵌合部１３６に、それぞれ外筒部２１、バックフランジ２６及びプランジャボタン２７を嵌合し、それから保持部材１３４を閉じてフック１３５で保持する。一方、足場材料３は、前述のように保護部材３３の収容空間３４内に包持した状態で、前記サポート部材３２の円筒部３６に挿入してセットする。それから、穿刺モードを実行し、図１２に示すように、前記駆動モータ１１６を駆動して前記主可動部１２を穿刺方向に対して前進（下降）させて、前記ニードル２３を保護部材３３の導入口３５から侵入させて足場材料３に所定深さまで挿入する。それから、静止注入モードでは、図１３に示すように、前記主可動部１２を静止状態で前記副可動部１３のみを前進駆動して前記ニードル２３から細胞液を足場材料３の内部に加圧注入する。細胞液の注入が終った後に、抜刺モードを実行し、つまり前記主可動部１２を穿刺方向に対して後退（上昇）させてニードル２３を足場材料３から抜き去り、ホームポジションに戻す。それから、シリンジ２を取り外した後、前記副可動部１３もホームポジションに戻す。 The operation of the cell seeding device 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, as shown in FIG. 11, a state where the main movable portion 12 and the sub movable portion 13 are positioned at the uppermost position is defined as a home position. With the holding member 134 of the outer cylinder part holding part 119 opened, the syringe 2 filled with the cell fluid is put into the concave part 132, the flange fitting part 133 and the button fitting part 136, respectively, the outer cylinder part 21, The back flange 26 and the plunger button 27 are fitted, and then the holding member 134 is closed and held by the hook 135. On the other hand, the scaffold material 3 is inserted and set in the cylindrical portion 36 of the support member 32 in a state of being held in the accommodation space 34 of the protection member 33 as described above. Then, the puncture mode is executed, and as shown in FIG. 12, the drive motor 116 is driven to advance (lower) the main movable portion 12 in the puncture direction, and the needle 23 is introduced into the protective member 33. It penetrates from the mouth 35 and is inserted to the scaffold material 3 to a predetermined depth. Then, in the static injection mode, as shown in FIG. 13, with the main movable portion 12 in a stationary state, only the sub movable portion 13 is driven forward to inject the cell fluid into the scaffold material 3 from the needle 23 under pressure. To do. After the injection of the cell fluid, the puncture mode is executed, that is, the main movable portion 12 is retracted (raised) with respect to the puncture direction, and the needle 23 is removed from the scaffold material 3 and returned to the home position. Then, after removing the syringe 2, the auxiliary movable portion 13 is also returned to the home position.
また、前記主可動部１２を前進又は後退若しくは前進と後退を組み合わせて移動させながら、前記副可動部１３を前進駆動して前記ニードル２３から細胞液を足場材料３の内部に加圧注入する移動注入モードを選択することも可能である。この移動注入モードは、更にニードル２３を穿刺方向に挿入しながら細胞液を注入する前進注入モード又はニードル２３を深く刺し込んだ状態から抜きながら細胞液を注入する後退注入モード又はニードル２３を穿刺方向に対して前進及び後退を組み合わせて移動させながら細胞液を注入する前進後退注入モードを選択できる。 Further, while the main movable portion 12 is moved forward or backward, or a combination of forward and backward, the sub movable portion 13 is driven forward to move the liquid fluid under pressure from the needle 23 into the scaffold material 3. It is also possible to select the injection mode. This moving injection mode is a forward injection mode for injecting cell fluid while inserting the needle 23 in the puncture direction, or a reverse injection mode for injecting cell fluid while removing the needle 23 from the deeply inserted state, or the puncture direction for the needle 23 The forward and backward injection mode in which the cell fluid is injected while moving in combination with forward and backward can be selected.
このように本発明の細胞播種装置１を用いて、足場材料３に内部から細胞を培地に懸濁した細胞液を注入した後、必要に応じて細胞液の残液をディッシュ等に受けて、それに足場材料３を浸漬して外部からも細胞液を浸透させることにより、更に均一な細胞の播種が可能となる。尚、足場材料３の形状によっては、前記シリンジ２のニードル２３を足場材料３の異なる位置に複数回穿刺する必要があり、そのために前記ベース板１１１に対して前記足場材料保持部３１を穿刺方向と交差する方向に移動可能にすることもある。それには、１軸あるいは２軸の移動テーブルを介して前記足場材料保持部３１を前記ベース板１１１に支持すればよい。 In this way, using the cell seeding device 1 of the present invention, after injecting the cell fluid in which the cells are suspended in the medium from the inside to the scaffold material 3, if necessary, receiving the residual liquid of the cell fluid in a dish or the like, By immersing the scaffold material 3 in it and allowing the cell fluid to permeate from the outside, more uniform seeding of cells becomes possible. Depending on the shape of the scaffold material 3, it is necessary to puncture the needle 23 of the syringe 2 a plurality of times at different positions of the scaffold material 3. For this purpose, the scaffold material holding portion 31 is punctured in the base plate 111. It may be possible to move in the direction that intersects. For this purpose, the scaffold material holding part 31 may be supported on the base plate 111 via a uniaxial or biaxial moving table.
図１４は、横型の細胞播種装置１Ａを示しているが、前述の縦型の細胞播種装置１から補助脚１３０を外し、前記支柱部１１２の補強板１１４，１１４の先端と中間部に、ゴム製の接地パッド１３１，…を取付けて横置きとしたものである。この場合、前記受皿部３７の代わりに、前記支柱部１１２の支持板１１３の上面に、複数のダボ１４４で周囲を保持した受皿１４５を設けて足場材料３から溢れた細胞液を受ける。その他の構造は、前記同様であるので、同一構成には同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。 FIG. 14 shows a horizontal type cell seeding apparatus 1A. The auxiliary leg 130 is removed from the vertical type cell seeding apparatus 1 described above, and rubber is attached to the front and middle portions of the reinforcing plates 114, 114 of the support column 112. A grounding pad 131,. In this case, instead of the saucer portion 37, a saucer 145 that is held by a plurality of dowels 144 is provided on the upper surface of the support plate 113 of the support column 112 to receive the cell fluid overflowing from the scaffold material 3. Since other structures are the same as those described above, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
最後に、本発明の細胞播種装置１を用いて、足場材料に細胞を均一に播種できることを確認するための実験を行なった。足場材料は、直径１０ｍｍ、長さ５０ｍｍの円柱形のテルプラグ(R)（オリンパステルモバイオマテリアル株式会社）である。そして、細胞液の代わりにトリパンブルー水溶液を用いた。本実験では、図８に示したタイプＡのニードル２３を用い、静止注入モードで行なった。全注入量は１ｍｌ（１ｃｃ）で、播種速度（注入速度）を１０から２００μｌ／ｓの７種類を比較した。足場材料の中心軸にニードルを穿刺し、各々の速度でトリパンブルー水溶液を注入した後、図１５に示すように、中心軸に直角に５箇所を切断し、各切断片（ａ，ｂ，ｃ，ｄ，ｅ）の上側の切断面あたりの染色面積を求め、比較を行なった。図１６は、各播種速度毎の切断面の写真であり、これから染色面積比を出し、その結果を図１７に示す。図１７には、各播種速度につき３回（Ｎ＝３）行なった結果を重ねて記載している。 Finally, using the cell seeding device 1 of the present invention, an experiment was performed to confirm that cells can be uniformly seeded on the scaffold material. The scaffold material is a cylindrical tel plug (R) (Olympus Terumo Biomaterial Co., Ltd.) having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm. A trypan blue aqueous solution was used instead of the cell fluid. In this experiment, the needle 23 of type A shown in FIG. The total injection volume was 1 ml (1 cc), and seven types with a seeding rate (injection rate) of 10 to 200 μl / s were compared. After the needle is punctured to the center axis of the scaffold material and the trypan blue aqueous solution is injected at each speed, as shown in FIG. 15, five points are cut at right angles to the center axis, and each piece (a, b, c , D, e) The dyeing area per upper cut surface was obtained and compared. FIG. 16 is a photograph of the cut surface for each seeding speed, from which the dyeing area ratio was calculated, and the results are shown in FIG. FIG. 17 shows the results of three times (N = 3) for each sowing rate.
図１７の結果から、播種速度が１００μｌ／ｓの場合が最もばらつきがなく、染色面積も高い値を示し、至適播種速度であると示唆されました。 From the results in FIG. 17, when the seeding rate was 100 μl / s, there was no variation, and the stained area was also high, suggesting that it was the optimal seeding rate.
本発明は、再生医療等に用いるためのヒト軟骨等の３次元培養に利用できる。 The present invention can be used for three-dimensional culture of human cartilage and the like for use in regenerative medicine and the like.
１ 細胞播種装置（縦型）、
１Ａ 細胞播種装置（横型）、
２ シリンジ、
３ 足場材料、
１１ 基台、
１２ 主可動部、
１３ 副可動部、
２１ 外筒部、 ２２ プランジャ、
２３ ニードル、 ２４ 吐出口、
２５ アダプター、 ２６ バックフランジ、
２７ プランジャボタン、 ２８ ニードルチップ、
２９ 流路、
３１ 足場材料保持部、 ３２ サポート部材、
３３ 保護部材、 ３３Ａ 分割部材、
３３Ｂ 分割部材、 ３４ 収容空間、
３５ 導入口、 ３６ 円筒部、
３７ 受皿部、 ３８ 切欠部、
３９ ダボ、
１１１ ベース板、 １１２ 支柱部、
１１３ 支持板、 １１４ 補強板、
１１５ リニアガイド、 １１５Ａ ガイドレール、
１１５Ｂ 可動ブロック、 １１６ 駆動モータ、
１１７ 送りねじ機構、 １１７Ａ ねじ軸、
１１７Ｂ ナット、 １１８ 基板、
１１９ 外筒部保持部、 １２０ リニアガイド、
１２０Ａ ガイドレール、 １２０Ｂ 可動ブロック、
１２１ 駆動モータ、 １２２ 送りねじ機構、
１２２Ａ ねじ軸、 １２２Ｂ ナット、
１２３ プランジャ保持部、 １２４ 近接センサ、
１２５ 規制片、 １２６ 近接センサ、
１２７ 規制片、 １２８ カバー、
１２９ カバー、 １３０ 補助脚、
１３１ 接地パッド、 １３２ 凹部、
１３３ フランジ嵌合部、 １３４ 保持部材、
１３５ フック、 １３６ ボタン嵌合部、
１３７ 可撓性ケーブル保護管、１３８ ハウジング、
１３９ 開閉扉、 １４０ 開口、
１４１ 係合部、 １４２ 取付ネジ、
１４３ 液溜、 １４４ ダボ、
１４５ 受皿。
1 Cell seeding device (vertical type),
1A cell seeding device (horizontal type),
2 syringes,
3 scaffolding materials,
11 base,
12 main moving parts,
13 Sub movable part,
21 outer cylinder part, 22 plunger,
23 Needle, 24 Discharge port,
25 Adapter, 26 Back flange,
27 Plunger button, 28 Needle tip,
29 channels,
31 scaffold material holding part, 32 support member,
33 protective member, 33A split member,
33B division member, 34 accommodation space,
35 inlet, 36 cylindrical part,
37 saucer, 38 notch,
39 Dowels,
111 base plate, 112 struts,
113 support plate, 114 reinforcement plate,
115 linear guide, 115A guide rail,
115B movable block, 116 drive motor,
117 feed screw mechanism, 117A screw shaft,
117B nut, 118 substrate,
119 outer cylinder holding part, 120 linear guide,
120A guide rail, 120B movable block,
121 drive motor, 122 feed screw mechanism,
122A screw shaft, 122B nut,
123 Plunger holding part, 124 Proximity sensor,
125 regulating pieces, 126 proximity sensors,
127 restriction piece, 128 cover,
129 cover, 130 auxiliary legs,
131 ground pad, 132 recess,
133 flange fitting part, 134 holding member,
135 hook, 136 button fitting part,
137 flexible cable protection tube, 138 housing,
139 door, 140 opening,
141 engaging portion, 142 mounting screw,
143 liquid reservoir, 144 dowels,
145 saucer.
Claims (11)
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| JP2016027622A JP6115842B1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2016-02-17 | Cell seeding method and apparatus on scaffold material |
| PCT/JP2016/087221 WO2017141531A1 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2016-12-14 | Method for seeding cells to scaffold material and device therefor |
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| JPH07162146A (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-23 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Printed wiring board manufacturing method and device |
| JPH11222764A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-17 | Unitika Ltd | Device for intermittently imparting liquid to yarn |
| JP2006081468A (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-30 | Kaneka Corp | Apparatus and method for internalizing cell in three-dimensional porous substrate |
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| JPH07162146A (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-23 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Printed wiring board manufacturing method and device |
| JPH11222764A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-17 | Unitika Ltd | Device for intermittently imparting liquid to yarn |
| JP2006081468A (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-30 | Kaneka Corp | Apparatus and method for internalizing cell in three-dimensional porous substrate |
| JP2008206477A (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-11 | National Cardiovascular Center | Method for cell inoculation using needleless syringe |
| JP2012231743A (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-29 | National Institute For Materials Science | Short fiber scaffold material, method for making short fiber-cell composite agglomerated mass, and short fiber-cell composite agglomerated mass |
| WO2015008834A1 (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-22 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | Silane compound containing active ester group and material produced using same |
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