JP2017134674A - Detection and alarm system for fire, intrusion and water leakage - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a detection and alarm system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. which facilitates laying work of wiring, etc. into a building structure, and which can be simplified, made smaller and saved in space by integrating functions for detecting fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. with one optical fiber cable.SOLUTION: A detection and alarm system includes: one optical fiber cable 1 to detect a temperature indicating a fire, intrusion and water leakage; and a disaster prevention receiver 2 connected to the optical fiber cable 1. The disaster prevention receiver 2 includes: fire detection means 4 connected to the optical fiber cable 1 to detect the temperature indicating the fire; intrusion detection means 5 to detect intrusion; water leakage detection means 6 to detect water leakage; alarm generation means 7 to receive an abnormality signal detected by the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5 or the water leakage detection means 6, and generate an alarm; and notification means 8 to notify the outside of an abnormality content and an abnormality occurrence place in response to the abnormality signal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire, intrusion, water leak, etc. detection and notification system that issues a warning by detecting a fire, intrusion, water leak, etc. in a building, house, factory, smart house, data center or the like.

  As a means of detecting fires, intrusions, water leaks, etc. in buildings, houses, factories, smart houses, data centers, etc., for example, when detecting fires, the fire is detected by smoke detectors or heat detectors ( For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 and 2.) In addition, intrusion detection, an illegal intrusion is detected by an infrared beam detector or a human sensor (for example, refer to Patent Document 3), and also for water leakage detection. In this case, a pair of detection electrodes is arranged, and there is a detection unit that detects water leakage when the pair of detection electrodes are short-circuited by being immersed in water leakage (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

  These detection means are in charge of disaster prevention using separate devices, and since there is no common configuration, the device becomes complicated to integrate the functions to detect fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. However, there is no system for detection and notification that integrates these functions.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-1321994 JP 2002-133550 A JP 2006-99501 A JP 2009-175811 A

  As described above, there has conventionally been no system for detection and notification that integrates functions for detecting fire, intrusion, water leakage, and the like. Therefore, when it is going to be equipped with the system about the detection and the information which detects a fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. in one building, each detection system must be laid by separate work, and those detection systems should be installed. Since there is no system that reports in an integrated manner, it is necessary to construct a separate notification system, which not only complicates the configuration but also complicates the installation work, increases the area occupied by the system, and reduces the effective area. There was a problem of becoming.

The inventor of the present invention paid attention to the function of the optical fiber as a result of repeated research to solve such a problem.
As a detecting means using the function of the optical fiber, for example, the backscattered light is received, the temperature is measured by the Raman scattered light intensity changed by the heat applied to the optical fiber, and the temperature is detected. An optical fiber type distributed temperature sensor is known that identifies the position in an optical fiber where heat has been applied by measuring the time until it returns to OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflect-meter). No. 7-167717), the use of a function for detecting the heat of a fire makes it possible to detect the fire.

  In addition, the temperature is measured from the intensity of the Brillouin scattered light in the optical fiber, the position in the optical fiber is specified from the time until the backscattered light returns to the incident end, and further, by the frequency shift of the Brillouin scattered light, It is known that the distortion of the optical fiber caused by touching the optical fiber can be detected, and the position where the distortion has occurred can be identified from the time until the Brillouin scattered light returns to the incident end (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-248426). ).

  An optical fiber is laid in a loop shape, an optical branching and coupling element is connected to the optical fiber, light emitted from the light source is propagated clockwise and counterclockwise in the optical fiber, and the difference in delay time of the propagated light is phase-shifted (Optical fiber ring interference type) is known to detect the vibration of the optical fiber and identify the place where the vibration has occurred (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-46564). With this function as an intruder detection device, an intruder detection device using an optical fiber ring ring interference type sensor that detects the intrusion by detecting the vibration and vibration position of the optical fiber from the intensity change of the interference light in the optical fiber is known. (Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2005-345137).

In addition, an expandable or contractible polymer water-absorbing material is provided in the optical fiber, receives backscattered light, and changes in frequency of the backscattered light so that light is absorbed by expansion or contraction of the absorbed polymer-based water absorbent material. It is known that a location where distortion occurs can be specified by detecting the strain of the fiber and measuring the time until the backscattered light returns to the incident end (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-45226). In addition, an inflatable pressing member is provided in the optical fiber, receives Rayleigh scattered light, and detects an increase in transmission loss due to distortion in the optical fiber due to expansion of the absorbed pressing member due to a change in the amount of Rayleigh scattered light. At the same time, it is known that a portion where distortion has occurred can be identified by measuring the time until Rayleigh scattered light returns to the incident end (OTDR) (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-45218). The OTDR that detects the distortion applied to the optical fiber due to Rayleigh scattering from the loss of the optical fiber is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-68825. As for OTDR, C-OTDR (Coherent-Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) for improving sensitivity by heterodyne reception of Rayleigh scattering and B-OTDR (Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) based on Brillouin scattering phenomenon due to optical fiber distortion are disclosed in JP It is disclosed in the 2011-17652 gazette.

  It is an object of the present invention to facilitate installation work such as wiring to a building by integrating a function of detecting fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. with a single optical fiber cable, and a system. It is to provide a detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. that can be simplified, downsized, and space-saving.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 includes a wire bundled with at least one optical fiber cable for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage caused by a fire, and the wire is monitored. A disaster prevention receiver laid at a predetermined location and connected to the optical fiber cable, wherein the disaster prevention receiver is connected to the optical fiber cable to detect a temperature due to a fire, and detects an intrusion. An intrusion detection means, a water leak detection means for detecting water leakage, an alarm generation means for receiving an abnormal signal detected by the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leak detection means, and an abnormal content according to the abnormal signal And having an informing means for informing the outside of the location where the abnormality has occurred.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. are detected with a single optical fiber cable, the installation work such as wiring to the building is facilitated, and the system is simplified and reduced in size. And an alarm signal detected by the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means connected to the optical fiber cable to detect the temperature due to a fire, Since the generating means issues an alarm and the notifying means notifies the abnormality content and abnormality occurrence location according to the abnormality signal to the outside, prompt disaster prevention activities are possible.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the optical fiber cable of the wire according to claim 1 is constituted by one.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to further facilitate the laying work such as wiring to the building, and to further simplify, miniaturize, and save space of the system.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the optical fiber cable according to the first aspect, an optical fiber cable for detecting temperature due to a fire and an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion or water leakage are bundled with the wire. The fire detecting means is connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting temperature due to fire, and the intrusion detecting means and the water leak detecting means are connected to an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage. It is characterized by being.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber cable is composed of an optical fiber cable for detecting a temperature caused by a fire and an optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and leakage of water, bundled with the wire. The fire detecting means is connected to the optical fiber cable for detecting the temperature due to fire, and the intrusion detecting means and the water leak detecting means are connected to the optical fiber cable for detecting intrusion and water leakage. In addition to facilitating laying work such as wiring to the system, the system can be simplified, downsized, and space can be saved, and fire, intrusion, and water leakage can be detected with high resolution and high accuracy.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the optical fiber cable according to the first aspect, a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting each of temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to a fire are bundled with the wire into one. The fire detecting means, the intrusion detecting means, and the water leakage detecting means are separately connected to optical fiber cables for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber cable is formed by bundling a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting each of temperature, intrusion, and water leakage caused by a fire. Since the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leak detection means are separately connected to the respective optical fiber cables for detection of water leakage, the laying work such as wiring to the building is facilitated. Simplification, downsizing, and space saving can be achieved, and fire, intrusion, and water leakage can be detected with higher resolution and higher accuracy.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means of the disaster prevention receiver according to any one of the first to fourth aspects are all Brillouin. It is characterized in that scattering is used as a detection method.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, since the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means all use Brillouin scattering in the detection method, the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, The water leakage detection means can be configured as a single detection means, thereby simplifying the installation, further saving space and reducing the size of the disaster prevention receiver.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the fire detection means of the disaster prevention receiver according to any one of the first to fourth aspects uses Raman scattering as a detection method, and the intrusion The detection means and the water leakage detection means use Rayleigh scattering for the detection method.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the occurrence and location of fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the occurrence and location of intrusion and water leakage can be detected with higher resolution.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the fire detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver according to any one of the first to fourth aspects uses Raman scattering as a detection method, and the intrusion The detection means uses an optical fiber ring interference type for the detection method, and the water leakage detection means uses Rayleigh scattering for the detection method.

  According to the invention of claim 7, the occurrence and location of fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, the intrusion can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the occurrence and occurrence of water leakage Can be detected with higher resolution.

  The invention according to claim 8 is a part of the circumferential direction of the cross section in the cross section of the optical fiber cable that detects water leakage constituting the optical fiber cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7. In addition, an expandable or contractible polymer water-absorbing material is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable, and an indeformable member is intermittently disposed in the axial direction of the polymer water-absorbing material in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, when the polymer water-absorbing material absorbs water and expands or contracts, the optical fiber cable is positioned at the position of the non-deformable member disposed intermittently in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable. As the bending of the optical fiber cable increases and the transmission loss of the optical fiber cable increases, the occurrence and location of water leakage can be detected with higher resolution and higher accuracy.

  A ninth aspect of the invention is characterized in that the wire according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is laid on a floor at a predetermined location to be detected.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the occurrence and occurrence of a fire can be detected quickly, the intrusion can be detected quickly, and the occurrence and occurrence of water leakage can be detected more quickly.

  Since the detection and notification system for fires, intrusions, water leaks, etc. according to the present invention can be integrated with a single optical fiber cable for detecting fires, intrusions, water leaks, etc., wiring to buildings, etc. In addition to facilitating laying work, the system can be simplified, miniaturized, and space-saving.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, and the like according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the optical fiber cable shown in FIG. 1. It is the sectional view on the AA line of the optical fiber cable shown in FIG. It is a general | schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 2nd Example of the detection and alerting | reporting system of a fire, intrusion, water leak, etc. which concern on this invention. It is a general | schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 3rd Example of the detection and alerting | reporting system of a fire, intrusion, water leak, etc. which concern on this invention. It is a general | schematic structure explanatory drawing which shows 4th Example of the detection and alerting | reporting system of a fire, intrusion, water leak, etc. concerning this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example which constructed | assembled the detection and alerting | reporting system, such as a fire, intrusion, and water leakage, which concerns on this invention to a building.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of a detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to the present invention comprises at least one optical fiber cable 1 for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire, and a disaster prevention receiver 2 connected to the optical fiber cable 1. I have. The disaster prevention receiver 2 is connected to the optical fiber cable 1 to detect the temperature due to a fire, a fire detection means 4, an intrusion detection means 5 to detect intrusion, a water leak detection means 6 to detect water leak, a fire detection means 4, an intrusion An alarm generating means 7 for receiving an abnormality signal detected by the detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 and issuing an alarm, and an informing means 8 for notifying the outside of the abnormality content and the abnormality occurrence location according to the abnormality signal are provided.

  The fire detection means 4 provided in the disaster prevention receiver 2 receives the backscattered light from the optical fiber cable 1 and measures the temperature based on the intensity of the backscattered light changed by the heat applied to the optical fiber cable. Temperature detection by fire with the function of identifying the location of the fire by identifying the location of the optical fiber cable heated by measuring the time until the backscattered light returns to the incident end A vessel is used. For example, a temperature detector due to fire sets a threshold temperature that is an abnormal temperature in the range of 40 ° C. to 100 ° C., and if the measured temperature rises to the abnormal temperature in a short time, it is judged as a fire and the detected light Identify the location of the fire from the fiber cable. In the detection method of the backscattered light in the fire detection means 4, Brillouin scattering or Raman scattering anti-Stokes light is used.

  In addition, as a method of judging fire, it is not the time for the temperature to rise, but the temperature is detected at each location in the room where the optical fiber cable 1 for detection is laid, and the average temperature is calculated. The abnormal temperature and location of the fire heat may be detected from the difference. Alternatively, a location for sensing the temperature in the room where the optical fiber cable 1 is laid may be provided, and the abnormal temperature and location of the fire heat may be detected from the difference from the temperature. Thereby, even in the case of a fire in which the temperature gradually increases, the fire can be detected promptly.

  Further, the intrusion detection means 5 receives backscattered light from the detection optical fiber cable 1 and detects distortion of the optical fiber cable caused by touching the optical fiber cable due to the intensity or frequency shift of the backscattered light. At the same time, an intrusion detector having a function of specifying a location where distortion has occurred by measuring the time until the backscattered light returns to the incident end is used. When detecting the distortion of the optical fiber cable due to the weight on the floor when the intruder walks, the intrusion detector determines that the intrusion has occurred and identifies the location from the location of the optical fiber cable where the distortion is detected. In the method of detecting backscattered light due to distortion in the intrusion detection means 4, Brillouin frequency shift amount due to Brillouin scattering and reduction in transmission loss of backscattered light intensity due to Rayleigh scattering are used.

  Further, as the intrusion detection means 5, the optical fiber cable 1 is laid in a loop shape, an optical branching coupling element is connected to the optical fiber cable, and the light emitted from the light source is propagated clockwise and counterclockwise to the optical fiber cable. Optical fiber cable that measures the difference in propagation light over time, detects the vibration of the optical fiber cable due to the vibration when the intruder walks, and determines that there is an intrusion when the vibration is detected, and identifies the detected location An intrusion detector that uses a ring interference type detection method can also be used.

  Further, the water leakage detection means 6 is provided with an expandable or contractible polymer water-absorbing material inside the outer coating of the optical fiber cable for detection that constitutes the optical fiber cable 1, and backscattering from the optical fiber cable. Receives light, detects the distortion of the optical fiber cable by the expansion or contraction of the water-absorbing polymer-based water-absorbing material based on the change in the intensity or frequency shift amount of the backscattered light, and the backscattered light returns to the incident end. A water leakage detector having a function of specifying a location where distortion has occurred by measuring the time until is used. When the distortion is detected, the water leakage detector determines that there is water leakage and identifies the location of the water leakage from the detected optical fiber. In the method of detecting the backscattered light due to distortion in the water leakage detection means 5, the reduction in the transmission loss of the Brillouin frequency shift amount due to Brillouin scattering and the backscattered light intensity due to Rayleigh scattering is used.

  The distinction between intrusion and water leakage detected by the strain of the optical fiber cable is determined by the length of time that the strain is applied. In the case of intrusion, distortion does not occur for a long time at the same place due to intruders walking etc., and the amount of distortion, that is, the reduction in transmission loss also fluctuates in a short time, but in the case of water leakage, the same place takes a long time Since distortion occurs over the whole area, it can be distinguished.

  Further, the optical fiber cable 1 may be composed of a single optical fiber cable for detection, and a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting fire heat, intrusion, and water leakage are prepared, and these are integrated into one. The optical fiber cable 1 may be bundled. When the optical fiber cable 1 consists of one optical fiber cable, the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5, and the water leakage detection means 6 connected to the optical fiber cable 1 are routed through an optical path branching device (not shown). When each of the optical fiber cables is connected to one optical fiber cable and the optical fiber cable 1 is composed of a plurality of optical fiber cables that separately detect the temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire, the fire detection means 4 is provided for each optical fiber cable. The intrusion detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 are connected separately. Even when the optical fiber cable 1 is composed of one optical fiber cable, when the Brillouin scattering detection means is used, the Brillouin scattering detection means also serves as the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5, and the water leakage detection means 6. The Brillouin scattering detection means may be connected to one optical fiber cable without connecting an optical path splitter.

  The above optical fiber cable is preferably a single mode fiber in order to specify detection sensitivity and detection position. The wire may have a tension member to obtain tensile strength, and may cover the outer layer to such an extent that the detection accuracy is not significantly reduced. Further, the optical fiber cable itself may have a tension member as necessary.

Further, the alarm generating means 7 of the disaster prevention receiver 2 is connected to the alarm device 10 by the wiring 9, and when the abnormal signal detected by the fire detecting means 4, the intrusion detecting means 5 and the water leakage detecting means 6 is received, An alarm is issued.
Further, the notification means 8 of the disaster prevention receiver 2 for notifying the outside of the abnormality content and the location where the abnormality has occurred is connected to the external security room, fire department, police station, and other related parts via the communication line 11 and receives an abnormality signal. When this happens, the contents of the abnormality and the information on the abnormal part are notified to the relevant part. In this example, notification to the outside by the notification means 8 is performed via the communication line 11, but may be performed wirelessly.
When an alarm is issued upon detection of an intrusion, the disaster prevention receiver 2 determines that an intrusion has occurred during a time period when no person enters or when a permitted person does not enter, and instructs the alarm device 10 to generate an alarm. In addition, the notification means 8 notifies the relevant part connected by the communication line 11.

  For the construction of fire detection, intrusion, water leakage, etc. detection and notification systems constructed in this way, the disaster prevention receiver 2 is installed at an appropriate place in a building such as a building, house, factory, smart house, or data center. Then, the optical fiber cable 1 is laid evenly and in a single stroke in a monitoring area inside or outside the building. For example, it is laid in a passage, a room, or the like that requires monitoring from the entrance and exit of a building so as to stretch around places such as a floor, a wall, and a ceiling according to the monitoring contents. The alarm device 10 connected to the alarm generation means 7 does not need to be installed in the building, and may be installed in a place away from the building, for example, a security guard room. A terminator 12 is attached to the tip of the laid optical fiber cable 1. At this time, the wire may be provided meandering so as to be densely wired with respect to the passage so that the detection can be performed quickly and the detection location can be accurately specified with high resolution. It is more preferable to wire and lay the floor or passage to detect the vibration and distortion of the floor due to the intruder walking. When laying wires, it is better to lay as close to the floor or passageway surface as possible to detect fire and intrusion. When laying the wire under the surface layer of the flooring, lay it so that it is fixed to the surface layer. By doing so, it is possible to sense the vibration and distortion of the intruder with high sensitivity. In addition, you may provide the location which is not fixed to the surface layer so that the stress of the surface layer by a temperature change may not be transmitted to a wire.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example in which the detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to the present invention is applied to the building 18. In this example, the disaster prevention receiver 2 and the alarm device 10 are connected to the building 18. The wire bundled with the optical fiber cable 1 is meandered so as to be evenly densely routed from the entrance / exit 19 of the building 18 to the passage 20 required for monitoring, and in a single stroke. Laid.

  The fire and intrusion / leakage detection / notification system configured as described above can be used from the optical fiber cable 1 when a fire occurs in the monitoring area inside or outside the building where the optical fiber cable 1 is installed. The fire detection means 4 that received the backscattered light measures the temperature and detects the temperature that is judged to be a fire, and by identifying the heated location, detects the fire and the fire location and generates an alarm signal The alarm generation means 7 which has transmitted to the means 7 and the notification means 8 and received the abnormal signal instructs the alarm device 10 to generate an alarm, and the notification means 8 causes a fire to a related place such as a guard room or a fire station outside. Notify the fire location.

  When there is an intrusion, the intrusion detection means 5 that receives the backscattered light from the detection optical fiber cable 1 detects the distortion and identifies the location where the distortion has occurred, thereby detecting the intrusion and the intrusion location. Then, the abnormal signal is transmitted to the alarm generating means 7 and the notifying means 8, and the alarm generating means 7 which has received the abnormal signal instructs the alarm device 10 to generate an alarm, and the notifying means 8 is an external security guard room, police station. The intrusion and the intrusion location are notified to the related parts such as.

  Further, when there is water leakage, the water leakage detection means 6 that receives the backscattered light from the detection optical fiber cable 1 detects the distortion and identifies the location where the distortion has occurred, thereby detecting the water leakage and the water leakage location. Then, an abnormal signal is transmitted to the alarm generating means 7 and the notifying means 8, and the alarm generating means 7 that has received the abnormal signal instructs the alarm device 10 to generate an alarm, and the notifying means 8 is related to a guard room outside. Notify the department of water leaks and locations.

  Thus, according to the detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc., it is possible to reliably detect fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc., and the abnormal signal detected by the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5, and the water leakage detection means 6 In response, the alarm generation means 7 instructs the alarm device 10 to generate an alarm, and the notification means 8 notifies the abnormality content and the location where the abnormality occurred according to the abnormality signal to the outside, so that prompt disaster prevention activities are possible. At this time, by photographing the location of the abnormality with a surveillance camera (not shown) and monitoring it in the security guard room, the situation of the location of the abnormality can be quickly confirmed and necessary disaster prevention measures can be taken promptly. It is possible to cancel the alarm if it is a false alarm. If it is a false report, the disaster prevention receiver can be restored via the communication line 11.

  In addition, the function to detect fires, illegal intrusions, water leaks, etc. is integrated with at least one optical fiber cable so that it can be used as a wire. Simplification, miniaturization, and space saving can be achieved.

Next, an embodiment of a detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to the present invention will be described.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to the present invention.
In this example, the optical fiber cable 1 is a wire composed of a single optical fiber cable 1a for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire, and includes a fire detection means 4 and an intrusion detection means 5 included in the disaster prevention receiver 2. , Connected to the water leakage detection means 6.
In this example, the Brillouin scattering detection means 3 which is a detection method using Brillouin scattering having the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5, and the water leakage detection means 6 is used.

  In this example, in the cross section inside the water-permeable outer coating 14 covering the optical fiber cable 1a that constitutes the optical fiber cable 1, it is expandable or contractible by absorbing water into a part of the circumferential direction of the cross section. A polymer water-absorbing material 15 is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1a along the optical fiber 1g. In addition, the non-deformable member 16 is intermittently disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1a at the axially symmetric position of the polymer water-absorbing material 15 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

More specifically, the polymer water-absorbing material 15 is disposed from the central axis toward the outer coating 14 in the cross section of the optical fiber cable 1a, and 30% to 70% of the cross-sectional area in the outer coating 14 is polymer-based. The remaining cross-sectional area of the water absorbing material 15 is a member 17 that does not swell or shrink due to water. With such a configuration, a force that bends the optical fiber cable 1a due to water absorption of the polymer water-absorbing material 15 is generated, and bending stress is applied to the optical fiber cable 1a to cause distortion in the optical fiber cable 1a. The leakage of water is detected by increasing the transmission loss of the optical fiber cable 1a. The detection accuracy is enhanced by causing the optical fiber cable 1a to be strongly bent and distorted by the non-deformable member 16.
The optical fiber cable 1a of the first embodiment is structurally the same as an optical fiber cable 1c for detecting intrusion and water leakage described later and an optical fiber cable 1e for detecting water leak.

  In this example, the Brillouin scattering detection means 3 having the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 is used, and the fire detection is a function of detecting the temperature by measuring the backscattered light intensity of the Brillouin scattering. The intrusion detection detects the distortion by measuring the Brillouin frequency shift amount, detects the intrusion from the distortion of the optical fiber cable such as when the intruder steps on the wire, and the water leak detection absorbs the water leak The optical fiber 1g is deformed by the polymer water-absorbing material 15 that expands or contracts, and water leakage is detected from the distortion of the internal stress of the optical fiber 1g.

According to the first embodiment configured as described above, the work of laying the wire having the optical fiber cable 1 to the building can be facilitated, and the system can be simplified, reduced in size, and reduced in space. .
Further, since the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 all use Brillouin scattering as the detection method, the fire detection means 4, the intrusion detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 are detected as one unit. It can be configured as a means, whereby the installation is simplified, and further space saving and miniaturization of the disaster prevention receiver can be achieved.

(Second embodiment)
FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage and the like according to the present invention.
In this example, the optical fiber cable 1 is configured as a single wire bundled with an optical fiber cable 1b for detecting temperature due to fire and an optical fiber cable 1c for detecting intrusion and leakage of water. Fire detection means 4 utilizing Raman scattering is connected to the optical fiber cable 1b for use, and Rayleigh scattering detection means serving as the intrusion detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 are connected to the optical fiber cable 1c for detection of intrusion and water leakage. ing. The fire detection means 4 and the Rayleigh scattering detection means may be connected to the optical fiber cable 1c via an optical path branching device, and the optical fiber cable 1c may be used as the optical fiber cable 1b. As a result, the number of optical fiber cables used can be reduced, and space saving and downsizing can be achieved.

Further, even in this example, as in the first example, a polymer-based water-absorbing material having an expandable or contractible property is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1c in the outer sheath of the optical fiber cable 1c. Non-deformable members are intermittently disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1c at the axially symmetric position of the polymer water-absorbing material.
In this example, the fire detection means 4 uses anti-Stokes light of Raman scattering for the detection method, and both the intrusion detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 use Rayleigh scattering for the detection method.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
According to the second embodiment configured in this way, in particular, it is possible to detect the occurrence and occurrence of fire quickly and with higher resolution, and it is possible to detect the occurrence and occurrence of intrusion and water leakage with higher resolution. .

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to the present invention.
In this example, the optical fiber cable 1 is a bundle of an optical fiber cable 1b for detecting temperature due to fire, an optical fiber cable 1d for detecting intrusion, and an optical fiber cable 1e for detecting water leakage. Fire detection means 4 is constructed in a wire, optical fiber cable 1b for detecting temperature due to fire, intrusion detection means 5 in optical fiber cable 1d for intrusion detection, and leak in optical fiber cable 1e for water leakage detection. Detection means 6 are connected to each other.

Also in this example, similarly to the first example, a polymeric water-absorbing material having an expandable or shrinkable property is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1e in the coating of the optical fiber cable 1e. The invariant member is intermittently disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1e at the axially symmetric position of the molecular water-absorbing material.
In this example, the fire detection means 4 uses Raman scattering for the detection method, and the intrusion detection means 5 and the water leakage detection means 6 both use Rayleigh scattering for the detection method.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
According to the third embodiment configured in this manner, in particular, it is possible to detect the occurrence and occurrence of a fire quickly and with higher resolution, and it is possible to detect the occurrence and occurrence of intrusion and water leakage with higher resolution. .

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to the present invention.
In this example, as in the third embodiment, an optical fiber cable 1b for detecting temperature due to fire, an optical fiber cable 1f for detecting intrusion, and an optical fiber cable 1e for detecting water leakage are bundled 1 The optical fiber cable 1e is composed of a wire, the fire detecting means 4 is provided in the optical fiber cable 1b for detecting the temperature due to fire, the intrusion detecting means 5 is provided in the optical fiber cable 1f for detecting intrusion, and the optical fiber cable 1e for detecting water leakage. The water leakage detection means 6 is connected to the.

Also in this example, as in the first embodiment, a polymeric water-absorbing material that is expandable or contractible is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1e on the outer sheath covering the optical fiber cable 1e. In addition, the non-deformable member is intermittently arranged in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 1e at the axially symmetric position of the polymer water-absorbing material.
In this example, the fire detection means 4 uses Raman scattering anti-Stokes light for the detection method, the intrusion detection means 5 uses the optical fiber ring interference type detection method, and the water leakage detection means 6 uses Rayleigh scattering as the detection method. We are using.

  Further, inside the optical fiber ring type sensor terminator 21 of the two optical fiber cables 1f, two optical fiber cables are provided at both ends of an optical fiber 22 having a predetermined length wound around a bobbin (not shown). Each end of 1f is connected. The optical fiber 22 having a predetermined length is connected so as not to generate a non-sensing portion where vibration is sensed in the optical fiber ring interference type. The predetermined length is obtained by designing according to conditions such as the length of the optical fiber cable 1f at the time of laying. In this example, an optical fiber 22 having a length of 2 km is connected. Moreover, in this example, although the optical fiber bobbin is installed in the optical fiber ring type sensor terminator 21, the installation location is not limited to the optical fiber ring type sensor terminator 21, and if it is a position that eliminates a non-sensing location, Any position is acceptable.

In this example, one of the two optical fiber cables 1f may be connected to the fire detection means 4 and the intrusion detection means 5 included in the disaster prevention receiver 2 via an optical path branching device. In this case, since the optical fiber cable 1b connected to the Raman scattering fire detection means 4 can be replaced with the optical fiber cable 1f connected to the optical fiber ring interference type intrusion detection means 5, the number of optical fibers used can be reduced. Can be reduced and laying can be facilitated.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
According to the fourth embodiment configured as described above, the occurrence and location of a fire can be detected quickly and with higher resolution, and the intrusion can be detected quickly and with higher resolution. And the occurrence location can be detected with higher resolution.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optical fiber cable 1a Optical fiber cable 1b for temperature, intrusion, and leak detection by fire Optical fiber cable 1c for temperature detection by fire Optical fiber cable 1d for intrusion and leak detection Optical fiber cable for intrusion detection 1e Optical fiber cable 1f for leak detection Optical fiber cable 1g for intrusion detection Optical fiber 2 Disaster prevention receiver 3 Brillouin detection means 4 Fire detection means 5 Intrusion detection means 6 Water leak detection means 7 Alarm generation means 8 Notification means 9 Wiring DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Alarm device 11 Communication line 12 Terminator 14 Outer coating 15 Polymer type water absorbing material 16 Non-deformable member 17 Member which does not swell or shrink by water 18 Building 19 Entrance / exit 20 Passage 21 Optical fiber ring type sensor terminator 22 Optical fiber

Claims (9)

Disaster prevention reception provided with one wire having at least one optical fiber cable for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage due to fire, the wire being laid at a predetermined location to be monitored, and connected to the optical fiber cable Equipped with a machine,
The disaster prevention receiver is connected to the optical fiber cable to detect a fire temperature, a fire detecting means for detecting intrusion, an intrusion detecting means for detecting intrusion, a water leak detecting means for detecting water leakage, the fire detecting means, and the intrusion detecting means. A fire characterized by having an alarm generating means for receiving an abnormality signal detected by the water leakage detection means and issuing an alarm, and an informing means for notifying the outside of the abnormality content and the abnormality occurrence location according to the abnormality signal Intrusion, leak detection and notification system.   The said optical fiber cable of the said wire is comprised by one, The detection and alerting | reporting system of fire, intrusion, water leak, etc. of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The optical fiber cable is composed of an optical fiber cable for detecting a temperature due to a fire and an optical fiber cable for detecting an intrusion / leakage of water that is bundled with the wire, and an optical fiber for detecting a temperature due to a fire. The fire, intrusion, or intrusion according to claim 1, wherein the fire detection means is connected to a cable, and the intrusion detection means and the water leakage detection means are connected to an optical fiber cable for detection of intrusion or water leakage. Leakage detection and notification system.   The optical fiber cable includes a plurality of optical fiber cables for detecting temperature, intrusion, and water leakage caused by a fire, bundled with the wire, and is configured to be one for detecting each of temperature, intrusion, and water leak caused by a fire. The fire, intrusion, water leak detection and notification system according to claim 1, wherein the fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means are separately connected to an optical fiber cable.   5. The fire detection means, the intrusion detection means, and the water leakage detection means of the disaster prevention receiver all use Brillouin scattering for the detection method. 6. 1. Detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to item 1.   The fire detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver uses Raman scattering as a detection method, and the intrusion detection means and the water leakage detection means use Rayleigh scattering as a detection method. The detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The fire detection means included in the disaster prevention receiver uses Raman scattering as a detection method, the intrusion detection means uses an optical fiber ring interference type as a detection method, and the water leakage detection means includes Rayleigh scattering. The detection and notification system for fire, intrusion, water leakage, etc. according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the detection system is used for a detection method.   In the cross section of the optical fiber cable that detects water leakage constituting the optical fiber cable, in a part of the circumferential direction of the cross section, an expandable or contractible polymer water-absorbing material is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable, The fire according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a non-deformable member is intermittently disposed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable at an axially symmetric position of the polymer water-absorbing material. Intrusion, leak detection and notification system. The fire, intrusion, water leak detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wire is laid on a floor at a predetermined location to be detected.