JP2017127348A - Living tissue ablation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a body tissue ablation device that is used in medical treatment of diagnosis, treatment or examination, etc., of a living body, and is superior in operability.SOLUTION: A cylindrical blade part 3 has a cutting edge 3A with an outer cutter so that the diameter may become smaller than the diameter d of a cutting body 3B as going to the tip. Then, 3-curved parts 4 disposed at regular intervals along a circumference are provided in the annular cutting edge 3A. The curved parts 4 are irregularities formed of an arched gentle curve along the axial direction of the cutting part 3. As a result, multiple warpage is formed on the circumference of the cutting edge 3A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a biological tissue resection instrument for excising a part of biological tissue including skin from a living body.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a medical field, a living tissue excision for removing or collecting a part of a tissue for the purpose of diagnosis, treatment or examination of a living tissue including living skin (hereinafter simply referred to as “tissue” in this application). Instruments are used.

  As an example of such a biological tissue excision instrument, a cylindrical cutting edge is provided, and a part of the tissue is excised with the cutting edge (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 9, such a conventional biological tissue resection instrument 100 includes a cylindrical handle portion 101 and a blade portion 102, and the annular cutting edge of the blade portion 102 is perpendicular to the tissue surface 103. The tissue is cut into a circular shape by pressing and rotating the blade portion 102.

  However, when the annular blade edge is pressed against the tissue, the pressing force due to the operation of the handle 101 is distributed along the circular shape, so that a corresponding force is required to overcome the elasticity of the tissue, which may be difficult to operate. It was.

  Therefore, the tip plane of the blade tip of the blade portion 102 that is orthogonal to the axial direction of the handle portion 11 is inclined as shown in FIG. 10 (a), or has a waveform as shown in FIG. 10 (b). Thus, there is also known a biological tissue excision device in which a pressing force is first concentrated on a part of a tissue to be excised circularly (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2000-126196 A JP 2006-149860 A

  However, in the case of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 7A, when cutting into the tissue, the cutting becomes longer by the inclination of the blade edge 102, and there is a possibility that the tissue will be cut deeper than necessary. Is difficult.

  In the case of the excision instrument shown in FIG. 7B, it is difficult to excise a clean circle due to the resistance from the tissue when the tip of the corrugated cutting edge 102 is pierced into the tissue and then rotated, and the cut surface of the tissue is uniform. There is a disadvantage that it is not.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a biological tissue resection instrument that improves the sharpness of an annular cutting edge.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is a biological tissue resection instrument for resecting a tissue excised in a cylinder of the blade portion by applying the tip of a cylindrical blade portion to a living tissue. A plurality of curved portions with bow-shaped irregularities are uniformly formed on the circumference of the annular cutting edge of the portion. In this case, it is preferable that the curvatures of the warpage are all the same.

  In addition, by providing an extruding member that moves in the hollow direction of the blade portion in the axial direction and protrudes outward from the blade portion, it is possible to easily remove the tissue piece adhering to the blade edge after excision.

  Furthermore, in the biological tissue excision device provided with a perforating part which can be moved in and out from the inside of the cutting edge, the perforating part moves inside the cutting edge around the end surface of the perforating part facing the cutting edge. In this case, it is preferable to provide a second blade portion in contact with the inside of the blade edge.

  The biological tissue excision instrument according to the present invention cuts the tissue sharply because when the blade applied to the tissue is rotated, a plurality of arch-shaped irregularities provided on the annular blade edge of the blade act as a warp, respectively. Operability is improved.

The whole structure of the biological tissue excision instrument of the 1st embodiment concerning the present invention is shown with a side view. The side sectional view (a) and plan view (b) of the blade part in the biological tissue resection instrument of FIG. 1 are shown, respectively. The external view of the biological tissue excision instrument of the 2nd embodiment concerning the present invention is shown. The external view of the extrusion member in the biological tissue excision instrument of FIG. 3 is shown. The side sectional view (a) and the top view (b) of the blade part in the biological tissue resection instrument of FIG. 3 are shown, respectively. The whole structure of the biological tissue excision instrument of 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention is shown with a side view. The biological tissue excision operation | movement by the biological tissue excision instrument of 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention is shown with a principal part side view. The principal part of the modification of the biological tissue excision instrument of 3rd Embodiment is shown with a side view. The figure explaining the structure of the conventional general biological tissue excision instrument is shown. The shape example of the blade edge | tip of the blade part in the conventional biological tissue excision instrument is shown with a side sectional view.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is an overall front view showing a biological tissue resection instrument according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the biological tissue resection instrument 10 according to the present embodiment is positioned at the grip portion 1, the blade holder 2 provided at the end of the grip portion 1, and the tip of the blade holder 2. The blade part 3 is fixed and arranged on a substantially straight line.

  FIG. 2 shows a side sectional view of the blade part 3 at (a), and shows a plan view of the blade part 3 at (b). The blade portion 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the blade edge 3A is externally attached so that the diameter of the outer peripheral surface is smaller than the diameter d of the blade portion main body 3B as it goes toward the tip.

  The annular cutting edge 3A has three curved portions 4 arranged at equal intervals along the circumference. The curved portion 4 is a concavo-convex shape formed with a gentle bow-shaped curve along the axial direction of the blade portion 3, and thereby a plurality of warpages are formed on the circumference of the blade edge 3A. In this case, the curvature of each warp, that is, the curvature of the bow shape of the curved portion 4 is preferably made the same.

  Thus, by providing the curved portion 4 that forms the warp on the cutting edge 3A, when the cutting edge 3A is pressed perpendicularly to the tissue surface, the curved portion 4 has a gentle curved portion from the apex 4p of the curve toward the valley 4r. A certain warp can smoothly cut the tissue. In order to form such warpage on the circumference of the cutting edge 3A, the maximum number of the curved portions 4 provided on the cutting edge 3A must be determined according to the diameter of the ring of the cutting edge 3A. For example, the diameter of the ring of the cutting edge 3A in this example is 6 mm, but up to four bending portions 4 can be provided if the cutting edge 3A has this diameter. However, if the number is four or more, warpage cannot be formed on the circumference of the cutting edge 3A, and the corrugated cutting edge described with reference to FIG.

  The grip portion 1 is a part that is gripped by the user when used, and is a straight rod-shaped member made of metal or resin. The grip portion 1 has a finger around the grip portion 1 when the user grips and operates it. Knurled and pear-finished so that it is hard to slip.

  The blade holder 2 is a member integrated with the blade portion 3 by loading the blade portion 3 into the mold at the time of manufacture, and then injecting resin to wrap the blade portion 3 in a molten resin and solidify it. . In this case, the gripping part 1 may also be made of the same resin and molded integrally with the blade part holder 2 in the mold.

  The biological tissue excision instrument 10 having the above configuration rotates the blade portion 3 by pressing the cylindrical blade portion 3 against the tissue and rotating the gripping portion 1, and the blade tip 3 </ b> A rotates from the apex 4 p of each bending portion 4 to the valley 4 r. Due to the warp formed in this part, the tissue can be cut at the same depth along the circle of the cutting edge 3A. At this time, since the rotation of the grip portion 1 is smoothly transmitted to the blade portion 3 by a plurality of warpages provided at equal intervals, the operability is also good.

  Then, the tissue piece extracted and excised in the cylinder of the blade portion 3 adheres to the inside of the blade tip 3A, and when the biological tissue excision instrument 10 is separated from the tissue, the tissue piece is excised from the tissue and can be collected. .

  Such a biological tissue resection instrument 10 is used, for example, when performing a treatment such as removal of moles or collecting a part of tissue as a test sample.

[Second Embodiment]
In order to take out the tissue piece that has been excised and adhered to the inside of the blade edge, the biological tissue excision instrument 10 described above may require an operation of inserting tweezers or the like into the blade portion 3 and extracting the tissue piece. Such extraction takes time and effort, and particularly in the case of the biological tissue excision instrument 10 in which the diameter of the ring of the cutting edge 3A is small, it is extremely troublesome.

  Therefore, an embodiment using a biological tissue resection instrument that can quickly remove a tissue piece adhering to the blade tip will be described.

  A biological tissue resection instrument 20 shown in FIG. 3 includes a cylindrical cover portion 6 having a blade portion 5 at the tip, an extrusion member 7 that is inserted into the cover portion 6 during assembly and is slidable in the axial direction, and a cover portion. 6 and a spring member 8 (shown in FIG. 4) that engages between the pushing member 7 and the pushing member 7.

  The extruding member 7 is an integrally molded product made of resin, and includes a shaft body 11 formed in a rod shape, an extruding portion 12, and a lock portion 13, as shown in FIG. The lock portion 13 branched from the shaft body 11 in the longitudinal direction holds an end portion separated from the shaft body 11 at a position away from the shaft body 11 by its own elastic force. The lock portion 13 is provided with a protrusion 14 at the end portion on the free side. Further, the push member 7 is formed with a step 15 on the shaft body 11 for locking the coiled spring member 8 inserted therethrough.

  The cover portion 6 is provided with two lock holes 15 and 16 that engage with the protrusions 14 of the lock portion 13 when the pushing member 7 is inserted into the cylinder.

  The blade portion 5 is configured integrally with the cover 6 by being packed in a molten resin to be injected and solidified after being loaded into the mold when the cover portion 6 is molded. FIG. 5 shows a side sectional view of the blade part 5 at (a) part, and shows a plan view of the blade part 5 at (b) part. The blade portion 5 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the blade edge 5A is externally attached so that the diameter thereof becomes smaller than the diameter of the blade portion main body 5B toward the tip.

  The annular cutting edge 5A is provided with a plurality of curved portions 9 evenly along the circumference. In this example, the diameter of the circular ring at the tip of the cutting edge 5A is set to 3 mm. In the case of such a small diameter, the number of the curved portions 9 having a gentle curved shape is limited to about three. FIG. 5 shows two examples.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the biological tissue resection instrument 20 having the above-described configuration is normally configured such that the protrusion 14 is engaged with the lock hole 15 and the pushing portion 12 at the tip of the pushing member 7 is a cylindrical blade portion. It is in the state which has not advanced into 5 inside. In this state, when the blade portion 5 is pressed against the tissue and the cover portion 6 is rotated to rotate the blade portion 5, the warp formed in the portion of the curved portion 9 from the apex 9p to the valley 9r is formed in the tissue at the cutting edge 5A. By cutting into a circular shape, the tissue piece extracted and excised in the cylinder of the blade portion 3 adheres to the inside of the blade edge 5A.

  And in order to take out the tissue piece adhering to the inner side of the blade edge 5A, at the same time as pushing the projection 14, the rear end of the pushing member 7 is directed toward the blade edge 5A and moves against the spring force of the spring member 8. Push in. As a result, the lock portion 13 moves in the cover portion 6 by releasing the engagement of the protrusion 14 held by its own elastic force at the lock hole 15. When the projection 14 reaches the lock hole 16, the lock portion 13 returns to a direction away from the shaft body 11 by an elastic force, and the projection 14 is engaged with the lock hole 16.

  When the pushing member 7 moves until the protrusion 14 is locked in the lock hole 16, the pushing portion 12 protrudes outward from the tip of the blade portion 5A as shown in FIG. The tissue piece is pushed out and taken out. Then, when the projection 14 latched in the lock hole 16 is pushed inward toward the inside of the cover portion 6, the latch with the lock hole 16 is released, and the projection member 14 is pushed by the restoring force of the spring member 8. It moves until it is again locked by the lock hole 15, and the pushing portion 13 is withdrawn from the inside of the blade portion 5.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, an embodiment of the puncher 30 that is a living tissue excision instrument used for opening a hole in a blood vessel during medical treatment will be described. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the puncher 30, and includes a cylindrical outer case 17, a cylindrical blade portion 18 held in the outer case 17, and a perforated portion 19 held in the blade portion 18. And comprising.

  The exterior case 17 has a finger hook 32 into which an operator's finger can enter. The blade portion 18 is provided with an annular blade edge 18A at the tip, and three curved portions 21 arranged at equal intervals along the circumference are formed on the blade edge 18A. As shown in FIG. 7, the curved portion 21 is a concavo-convex formed with a gentle arc-shaped curve along the axial direction of the blade portion 18, thereby forming a plurality of warpages on the circumference of the blade edge 18 </ b> A. The

  The perforated portion 19 that is a cylindrical body has a conical pointed head 19 </ b> A at the tip, and the opposite end is supported and fixed to the exterior case 17 by a pin 31. The blade portion 18 is also supported by the outer case 17 by the pin 31 together with the perforated portion 19.

  The blade portion 18 has an elongated elongated hole 18B along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the pin 31 is slidably fitted into the elongated hole 18B. The pin 31 is biased by the spring 24 and is normally locked to the lower portion of the long hole 18B. In this state, as shown to Fig.7 (a), as for the piercing | piercing part 19, the lower end part including the pointed head 19A of the front-end | tip protrudes outward from the blade edge | tip 18A.

  In this state, the operator presses the entire puncher 30 against the blood vessel 31 and pierces the blood vessel surface 31 with the pointed head 19 </ b> A so that the tip of the perforated part 19 enters. When the upper end of the blade portion 18 is manually pushed down against the bias of the spring 24 while holding the outer case 17 with the finger hook 32, the pin 31 locks the pin 31 to the upper portion of the elongated hole 18B. As shown in FIG. 7C, the pointed head 19A is accommodated in the ring of the cutting edge 18A. Thus, in the process in which the cusp 19A is housed in the blade edge 18A, the tissue on the blood vessel surface 31 pierced by the cusp 19A of the blood vessel 31 is excised and perforated.

  FIG. 8 shows a modification of the puncher 30 of FIG. 6. When the blade portion 18 is lowered, the curved portion 23 is formed on the upper edge portion that contacts the inside of the annular blade edge 18 </ b> A. The 2nd blade part 22 which has is formed. In the puncher 30 having such a configuration, when the pointed head 19A is housed in the ring of the blade edge 18A, the blade portion 22 of the blade head 19A slides inside the blade edge 18A, and the pointed head 19A is The surface tissue of the vascular surface 31 that has been pierced can be excised cleanly and the surface of the blood vessel 31 can be removed. In the figure, the blade edge 18A has an outer blade shape and the blade portion 22 has an inner blade shape. However, the blade edge 18A may have an inner blade shape and the blade portion 22 may have an outer blade shape.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Based on the meaning of this invention, various deformation | transformation are possible, These are excluded from the scope of the present invention. is not. For example, the curvature of the bow shape of the curved portion 4 may not be the same as long as warpage is ensured in each. Further, the shape of the cutting edge may be a shape with an inner blade so that the diameter of the inner peripheral surface is smaller than the diameter of the blade body as the diameter of the inner peripheral surface is closer to the tip.

  The present invention relates to a biological tissue resection instrument used in medical treatment such as diagnosis, treatment, or examination of a living body, and has industrial applicability.

3 Blade part 3A Blade edge 4 Curved part 5 Blade part 5A Blade edge 9 Curved part 12 Extruding part 18 Blade part 18A Blade edge 19 Perforated part 21 Curved part 22 Second blade part 10, 20, 30 Biological tissue resection instrument

Claims (4)

  A biological tissue excision instrument for excising a tissue excised in a cylinder of the blade portion by applying the tip of the cylindrical blade portion to the biological tissue, and having a bow shape around the circumference of the annular blade tip of the blade portion A biological tissue resection instrument characterized in that a plurality of curved portions having irregularities are formed uniformly.   The biological tissue resection instrument according to claim 1, wherein curvatures of the warpage are all the same.   The living tissue resection instrument according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an extruding part that moves in the hollow direction of the blade part in the axial direction and protrudes outward from the blade part.   A perforating part that can be projected and retracted from the inside of the cutting edge is further provided, and the perforating part is in contact with the inside of the cutting edge when the perforating part moves inside the cutting edge around the end surface of the perforating part facing the cutting edge. The living tissue resection instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a second blade portion is provided.

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