JP2017125668A - cooling tower - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling tower capable of safely and easily performing not only the maintenance of a sprinkler system, a filling material, and the like in the tower but also the maintenance of an air blower.SOLUTION: In the cooling tower, water sprinkling means provided at an upper part of an inner space of a tower body having an exhaust port at an upper part and having a water tank at a lower part, sprinkles cooling water returned from a load side to a filling material arranged in the inner space of the tower body, an air blower brings outside air taken in from the outside of the tower body into contact with the cooling water flowing in the filling material to cool the cooling water, causing the cooling water to flow down to the water tank, and the cooling water is sent from the water tank to the load side. The air blower for supplying the outside air into the inner space of the tower body is provided at a lower part of the tower body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling tower that circulates water between facilities that use cooling water to cool the water.

  In air-conditioning facilities and industrial facilities that use cooling water, cooling towers that cool water by using latent heat of water evaporation are widely used. In this cooling tower, cooling water from the load side is cooled by being brought into direct contact with the outside air sucked into the tower by a blower while flowing down the surface of the filler in the cooling tower. Such a cooling tower includes a counter flow type (also referred to as a counter flow type, see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3) and a cross flow type (depending on the flow direction of the cooling water flowing down the surface of the filler and the outside air. Also referred to as a cross flow type (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5). The counterflow type is usually a round type, and the crossflow type is usually a square type.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of a conventional counterflow type cooling tower. The cooling tower CT1 has an outside air intake 101 for taking outside air into the tower body 100 on the outer periphery of the lower part of the tower body 100. The tower body 100 has a watering arm 102 as a watering means in the upper part. The filler 103 for promoting heat exchange is arranged immediately below the support member 104 so that a space is formed in the lower part of the tower body 100. Further, a water supply pipe 105 is provided at the center of the tower body 100 to send the cooling water returning from the load side to the sprinkling arm 102, and the bottom of the tower body 100 is cooled by the filler 103 and flows down. The water tank 106 that receives the air is further provided with a blower 109 including a motor 108a and a blade 108b such as a propeller fan that is rotated by the motor 108a in an exhaust port 107 provided in an upper portion of the tower body 100 (Patent Document). 1). In FIG. 12, the thin arrow a shows the movement of the cooling water, and the thick arrow A shows the movement of the outside air. ai is cooling water returning from the load side, ao is cooling water sent to the load side, Ai is air sucked into the tower body 100, and Ao is air discharged outside the tower body 100.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of a crossflow type cooling tower. The cooling tower CT2 is provided with an upper water tank 201 for receiving cooling water returned from the load side at the upper part in the tower body 200, and between the upper water tank 201 and a lower water tank 202 provided at the bottom of the tower body 200. A packing material 203 is provided, and external air intake ports 204 are provided on both sides of the tower body 200 at a height corresponding to the packing material 203. A motor 206a and a motor 206a are rotated at an exhaust port 205 at the top of the tower body 200. When a blower 207 consisting of a blade 206b is provided and the blower 207 is rotated, outside air is sucked from the outside air intake port 204, and heat exchange between the outside air and cooling water sprayed from the upper water tank 201 to the filler 203 is performed. Air that is promoted by the filler 203 and passes through the filler 203 is exhausted from the exhaust port 205 to the outside of the tower body 200 (see Patent Document 5). In FIG. 6, the thin arrow a shows the movement of cooling water, and the thick arrow A shows the movement of outside air. ai is cooling water returning from the load side, ao is cooling water sent to the load side, Ai is air sucked into the tower body 200, and Ao is air discharged outside the tower body 200.

JP 2003-139488 A JP 2011-122745 A JP 2003-65686 A JP-A-8-49989 JP 2010-91226 A

  As described above, in the conventional cooling tower, the blower 109 is provided at the exhaust port 107 of the tower body 100, and the blower 207 is provided at the exhaust port 205 of the tower body 200. In the case of a counter flow type cooling tower, there are large cooling towers having an exhaust port diameter of about 1500 to 3800 mm and an outer diameter of about 5000 to 8500 mm. In the case of a cross flow type cooling tower, the front width is 1700. Some are ˜12000 mm, height is 2800 to 3300 mm, and depth is 3300 to 3800 mm. Moreover, the depth of the lower water tank of a crossflow type cooling tower may be 1000 mm or more. And in the conventional large-sized cooling tower, the propeller fan etc. from which a required air volume is obtained are used for an air blower.

  In such a large cooling tower, an operator may have to enter the tower in order to perform maintenance of the sprinkler and filler. In particular, since the deterioration period of the watering device is short, the frequency of maintenance is high, and the space between the watering device and the blower is narrow, so it is often necessary to work in a posture in which the middle waist or the back is bent.

  When performing such maintenance work (including parts replacement), naturally the fans 109 and 207 are turned off to ensure safety. However, if multiple cooling towers or fans are installed, the cooling function is disabled. In order to maintain the power, it is usual to turn off all the motors 108a and 206a one after another without turning them off at once. However, because the order of the cooling tower or blower that turns off the power is wrong, the blower suddenly starts during maintenance work in the tower, and the worker is caught in the blade 108b of the blower, causing injury or painful death Never ends. In addition, there have been reports of cases in which the blades 108b and 206b suddenly rotate or crashed into the aquariums 106 and 202 to get out of the blades 108b and 206b. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the parts of the blower are deteriorated or damaged and scattered from the exhaust port.

  Even if such an accident does not occur, the blowers 109 and 207 used in the conventional cooling tower have the motor 108a and the blade 108b, or the motor 206a and the blade 206b, and these are installed in the exhaust ports 107 and 205. Since maintenance workers cannot enter and exit the tower through the exhaust ports 107 and 205, there are problems such as that maintenance work and parts replacement cannot be easily performed, and it takes time.

  Therefore, the present applicant aims to provide a cooling tower in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-78811 that can prevent the occurrence of the above-mentioned accidents, and that can perform maintenance work and replacement of parts safely and easily. Instead of the conventional motor and blade provided inside the exhaust port, an annular jet generating tube provided inside the exhaust port for generating an upward jet, and provided outside the exhaust port, pressurized air is supplied to the jet generating tube. A cooling tower equipped with an intake device comprising a pressurized air supply means for supplying the air was proposed.

  The jet generating pipe is formed in an annular shape, and has an internal passage that is continuous around the central axis of the opening of the jet generating pipe by a continuous inner wall and an outer wall. It is curved in the direction, and the tip of the outer wall is close to the outer surface of the tip of the inner wall with a predetermined distance. And since the jet outlet which opens in the upper direction of the central axis of an opening part is formed between both front-end | tip parts, and the jet outlet is gradually narrowed from the internal channel side to an outlet, it is from a pressurized air supply source. The pressurized air supplied to the internal passage is further compressed at the jet outlet. As a result, a jet is generated that jets from the outlet of the jet outlet toward the upper part of the central axis of the opening. When an upward jet is generated from the jet outlet of the jet generating pipe, the jet draws air existing in the opening of the jet generating pipe according to Bernoulli's law, and is discharged upward from the exhaust port along with the air. The amount of air drawn into the jet is several times greater than the amount of air in the jet. And the air volume which moves the inside of an opening part becomes the total amount of the jet flow from the jet outlet of a jet flow generation pipe, and the air drawn in by a jet flow in an opening part. Moreover, since the upper space in the tower is depressurized by the accompanying air in the opening, the amount of air sucked from the outside air intake and discharged from the exhaust is amplified. Therefore, the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower increases.

  According to the above invention, there is no blower inside the exhaust port, and only the jet generating pipe is provided, so that an accident prevention effect can be obtained, and the maintenance worker can enter the upper body or arm from the opening of the jet generating pipe into the tower. Alternatively, since it is possible to put the whole body in, it is possible to obtain an effect that the maintenance work and the replacement of parts such as a sprinkler and a filler in the tower can be performed safely and easily.

  However, the above-mentioned pressurized air supply means can supply a pressurized air amount necessary for generating an air flow in the tower necessary for the cooling capacity of the cooling tower by a jet flow from the jet generating pipe, for example, a propeller A normal bladed blower such as a fan, a turbo fan, or a sirocco fan is used. And during long-term use, maintenance of the jet generating pipe and the pressurized air supply means is necessary. However, even in this improved cooling tower, the jet generating pipe and the pressurized air supplying means are required in the case of a large size. Since the installation position of the is higher, higher safety is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to easily perform maintenance of a blower as well as maintenance of a sprinkler and a filler in a tower, and cooling that can provide high safety. The purpose is to provide a tower.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a tower body for cooling water returned from the load side by watering means provided in the upper part of the inner space of the tower body having an exhaust port in the upper part and a water tank in the lower part. Water is sprayed on the packing material disposed in the inner space of the water, and the cooling water flowing through the packing material is brought into contact with the outside air taken into the tower by the blowing means to cool the cooling water and flow down to the water tank. In the cooling tower for sending the air to the load side, the blowing means for sending the outside air into the tower is provided in the lower part of the tower body without being provided inside the exhaust port.

  In other words, the cooling tower according to the present invention is not provided with an outside air inlet at the outer periphery of the lower part of the tower body, which is provided in the conventional cooling tower, and instead, outside air is supplied into the tower at the lower part of the tower body. Air blowing means is provided. Therefore, no air blowing means or jet flow generating pipe is provided in the exhaust port. The blowing means provided in the lower part of the tower body may be either a conventional fan with blades or a bladeless fan. It is desirable to provide a space between the filler and the water tank, and to provide the air blowing means so as to blow air into the space. Moreover, the number of the ventilation means attached to a tower body is one or more according to the capacity | capacitance of the inner space of a tower body. In the case of a plurality, they are attached at intervals so that the blowing density in the inner space of the tower body is as uniform as possible. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a distributor such as a baffle plate in the vicinity of the exhaust port of the blower so that the pressurized air supplied from each blower to the inner space of the tower body is evenly dispersed.

  According to the present invention, since the air blowing means is provided not in the exhaust port of the tower body but in the lower part of the tower body, even when the cooling tower is large, maintenance of the air blowing means is not accompanied by work at a high place. Can be done easily and safely. In addition, since no blower or jet generation pipe is provided at the exhaust port, the maintenance worker inserts his arm or upper body into the inner space from the exhaust port, or enters the inner space from the exhaust port to enter the inside of the tower. Maintenance of sprinklers and fillers can be performed safely and easily.

It is a front view which shows a partially broken cooling tower according to an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a counter flow type cooling tower. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of means for preventing air leakage from an overflow pipe of a water tank. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the means which prevents the air leak from the overflow pipe | tube of a water tank. It is a front view which partially fractures and shows the cooling tower which concerns on one Embodiment at the time of applying this invention to a crossflow type cooling tower. It is a front view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of typical example of the conventional counterflow type | mold cooling tower. It is a front view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of typical example of the conventional crossflow type | mold cooling tower.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an example when the present invention is applied to a counterflow type cooling tower. The same or corresponding members as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the cooling tower CTn <b> 1 according to the present embodiment, no blower is provided inside the exhaust port 107 of the tower body 100. The exhaust port 107 is preferably provided with a lattice or a net (not shown) for preventing entry of birds and other flying objects. However, it is preferable that the lattice or the net can be easily removed when performing maintenance work in the tower body 100.

  In the inner space 100a of the tower body 100, a watering means, for example, a watering arm 102 is provided at the upper portion, and a filler 103 for promoting heat exchange is disposed below the watering arm 102, as in the conventional case. Supported by the member 104. Further, a water supply pipe 105 is provided at the center of the tower body 100 to send the cooling water returning from the load side to the sprinkling arm 102, and the bottom of the tower body 100 is cooled by the filler 103 and flows down. A water tank 106 is provided. A lower space 100b is formed between the filler 103 (including the support member 104) and the water tank 106.

  In the conventional cooling tower, a net-like or porous outside air intake 101 (see FIG. 5) is provided at a position corresponding to the lower space 100b on the outer peripheral wall of the lower part of the tower body 100. In the cooling tower CTn1 according to this embodiment, the outside air intake port is not provided in the lower part of the tower body 100. Instead, a blower B1 is attached as the blowing means at the same position. The blower B1 takes outside air into the lower space 100b and supplies air between the fillers 103.

  As such a blower B1, for example, a normal bladed blower such as a propeller fan, a turbo fan, or a sirocco fan can be used. An ejector blower or a compressor may be used instead of the bladed blower. It is also possible to use bladeless blowers (impellers without impellers) described in JP-A-56-167897, Japanese Patent No. 4756286, Japanese Patent No. 4776988, and the like.

  The number of fans B1 is determined according to the capacity of the inner space 100a of the tower body 100, the number of fillers 103, and the like so that the desired cooling effect can be obtained in the cooling water. When a plurality of blowers B1 are attached, it is preferable to provide them at intervals so that the pressure of the air supplied to the space 101a is equal. Further, when the blowing direction of the blower B is strong, a distributor such as a baffle that disperses the wind is provided outside the exhaust port of the blower so that the air distribution in the inner space 100a is uniform. Is desirable.

  The motor for driving the blower B1 can be provided inside the cooling tower. In this case, maintenance can be performed regardless of the weather. The driving motor can also be provided on the outer side surface of the cooling tower.

  As described above, the cooling tower CTn1 according to the present invention has no blower installed at the exhaust port 107. Therefore, depending on the diameter of the exhaust port 107, the operator's arm or upper body is inserted from the exhaust port, or An operator can enter from the exhaust port to easily perform maintenance or replacement of parts of the water spray arm 102, the filler 103, or the water pipe 105. Even if the blower B is accidentally turned on during the maintenance work, the worker is not exposed to danger and safe. Moreover, since the blower B1 is attached to the lower part of the tower body 100, when maintenance of the blower B1 or replacement of parts is required, work at high places is not required, so that work can be performed safely and efficiently. .

  By the way, the cooling water sprayed from the sprinkling arm 102 and flowing down the surface of the filler 103 is atomized and evaporated by the air flow that is discharged from the blower B to the lower space 100b and is vigorously raised between the fillers 103. Therefore, the amount of cooling water in the water tank 106 always decreases gradually. When the operation of the facility using the cooling water is stopped, the cooling water in the facility is returned to the water tank 106 of the cooling tower CTn1. Therefore, the water level in the water tank 106 is not always constant but increases and decreases. Therefore, like the conventional cooling tower, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the water tank 106 has an automatic water supply pipe 106b with a ball tap 106a for automatically supplying water when the water level falls below a predetermined lower limit, and the water level is An overflow pipe 106c is provided for automatically draining water when the predetermined upper limit is exceeded.

  As described above, in the cooling tower CTn1 according to the present invention, since the outside air is taken into the lower space 100b in the tower by the blower B and is sent between the fillers 103, the atmospheric pressure in the lower space 100b is increased. Therefore, if the overflow pipe 106c does not have the trap 106d, or has the trap 106d, but the height H of the trap 106d is low (the water head pressure is low), the blower It is possible that the wind pressure blown into the space 100a from B1 escapes from the overflow pipe 106c to the outside of the tower. Thereby, there exists a possibility that the cooling water cooling efficiency of air blower B1 may be reduced.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, means for preventing pressure leakage from the overflow pipe 106c (pressure leakage prevention means) is provided. One of them is that the overflow pipe 106c of FIG. 2 is provided with a trap 106d, and the height H of the trap 106d is set so that the water head pressure of the trap 106d does not fall below the atmospheric pressure in the lower space 100ba.

  FIG. 3 shows another example of the pressure leakage preventing means. This pressure leakage prevention means is an example of a mechanical prevention means, and a small tank 106e that opens to the upper surface is provided in the middle of the overflow pipe 106c, and a first lever 106g that can swing around the fulcrum 106f is provided in the small tank 106e. The ball tap 106h coupled to the tip of the first lever 106g is floated, and the lower end of the second lever 106i coupled to the midpoint of the first lever 106g is swingable to a valve 106k that is swingable about a fulcrum 106j. It is composed by combining.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the water level WL in the water tank 106 rises above a predetermined value, that is, becomes higher than the lower side of the upper end opening of the overflow pipe 106c, and the cooling water in the water tank 106 flows into the overflow pipe 106c. When the cooling water w that has flowed out of the small tank 106e becomes full, the ball tap 106h rises, so that the overflow pipe 106c has been closed until then through the first lever 106g and the second lever 106i. The valve 106k is opened. Therefore, only the cooling water that subsequently flows out from the upper end opening of the overflow pipe 106c is discharged below the overflow pipe 106c.

  More specifically, when the cooling water w starts to flow out from the upper end opening of the overflow pipe 106c, the amount of water is small and the pressure in the lower space 100b is relatively large. There is a risk of slipping through the gap between 106c. However, since the water level in the small tank 106e is not so high, the valve 106k tends to be closed by the atmospheric pressure in the overflow pipe 106c, so that pressure leakage from the lower space 100b is prevented. When the amount of water flowing out from the upper end opening of the overflow pipe 106c increases, the ascending force and the ascending amount of the ball tap 106h increase, so that the valve 106k opens sufficiently and only the cooling water w is discharged.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, when the water level WL in the water tank 106 falls below a predetermined value, that is, lower than the lower side of the upper end opening of the overflow pipe 106c, the water level in the small tank 106e also falls. Since the ball tap 106h is also lowered, the valve 106k that has previously opened the overflow pipe 106c is closed via the first lever 106g and the second lever 106i. Therefore, pressure leakage from the space 101a is prevented.

  FIG. 4 shows an example when the present invention is applied to a cross-flow type cooling tower. The same or corresponding members as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Also in the cooling tower CTn2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as in the case of the first embodiment, the exhaust port 205 is not provided with a blower. The exhaust port 205 is preferably provided with a lattice or net (not shown) for preventing entry of birds and other flying objects. However, it is preferable that the lattice or the net can be easily removed when performing maintenance work in the tower body 100.

  Also in the second embodiment, a lower space 208 is provided between the lower water tank 202 and the packing material 203 in the tower, and a blower B for supplying outside air to the lower space 208 is provided. As an example, one or more blowers B are attached to the outer peripheral wall of the tower body. The type of the blower B is not limited as long as a required amount of blown air is secured.

  Although not shown in FIG. 4, also in the second embodiment, the lower water tank 202 is provided with the pressure leakage prevention means shown in FIG. 2 or FIG.

  Since the cross-flow type cooling tower CTn2 is often large as shown in FIG. 4, the outer wall 204a or the partition wall 204b of the cooling tower is opened and closed so that the maintenance work of the filler 203 can be easily performed. Desirable or removable structure is desirable. 209 in FIG. 4 is a door for entering and exiting the tower.

  In any of the blowers (blower means) B1 and B2, it is desirable to provide a net or the like that does not deform even if an operator or the like hits the air inlet opening on the outer surface of the tower body 100 or 200.

The effects of the above embodiment are as follows.
(1) Improvement of safety a. Since no obstacle such as a blower is installed at the exhaust port of the cooling tower, maintenance work such as watering means and fillers can be performed safely. Therefore, past miserable accidents can be eradicated.
b. Since there is no drive unit or rotating member at the exhaust port of the cooling tower, there is no risk of parts being deteriorated and damaged and scattered.
(2) Maintenance effect c. Since the blowing means is provided in the lower part of the cooling tower, the ratio of the work at high places is reduced, and the maintenance work of the blowing means can be performed easily and efficiently.
d. Since no obstacle such as a blower is installed at the exhaust port of the cooling tower, maintenance work such as watering means and fillers can be easily and efficiently performed.
e. Since the motor for driving the blowing means can be provided inside the cooling tower, maintenance can be performed regardless of the weather.
f. Since the motor for driving the air blowing means can be provided on the outer surface of the side part of the cooling tower, repair and maintenance can be performed even during operation of the cooling tower.

CTc1 cooling tower
100 towers
100a Inside space of the tower
100b Lower space of the tower
102 Watering means (watering arm)
103 Filler
106 aquarium
107 Exhaust port B1 Blower (Blower unit)
CTn2 cooling tower
200 tower
201 Upper tank
202 Lower tank
203 Filler
205 Exhaust vent
208 Lower space B2 of the tower body Blower (Blower)

Claims (5)

  The cooling water returned from the load side is sprinkled into the filler disposed in the inner space of the tower body by watering means provided in the inner space of the tower body having an exhaust port at the upper part and a water tank at the lower part. Then, the cooling water flowing through the filler is brought into contact with the outside air taken into the inside of the tower body by a blowing means to cool the cooling water and flow down to the water tank, and the cooling water is transferred from the water tank to the load side. In the cooling tower to be sent, a cooling tower characterized in that a blowing means for taking the outside air into the inside of the tower body is provided in the lower part of the tower body without being provided inside the exhaust port.   The cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein the air blowing means is provided so as to blow air into a space provided between the filler and the water tank.   The cooling tower according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the air blowing means are provided, and the air blowing density in the inner space of the tower body is attached at an interval as much as possible. A cooling tower characterized by   The cooling tower according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the compressed air supplied from the air blowing means to the inner space of the tower body is evenly distributed in the vicinity of the exhaust port of the air blowing means. A cooling tower provided with a vessel.   5. The cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein means for automatically supplying water to the water tank when the water level in the water tank falls below a predetermined value, and the water level in the water tank exceeding the predetermined value to the water tank. A cooling tower comprising a means for draining in the event of a wastewater, and a pressure leakage prevention means for preventing the pressure in the inner space of the tower body from leaking from the drainage means.

Images