JP2017119826A - Neutralization method of acidic oil, and oil with reduced corrosivity - Google Patents
Neutralization method of acidic oil, and oil with reduced corrosivity Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methyl]-2-methylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)C(C)CC1CC1CC(C)C(N)CC1 IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical group C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 47
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 47
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 that is Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCCC1 VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002723 waste plastics and rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、酸性油の中和方法、及び該方法によって得られる腐食性が低減した油に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for neutralizing acidic oil and an oil having reduced corrosivity obtained by the method.
現在、広く工業界で用いられている化石原料、特に石炭・石油系の原料油は、昨今の不安定な世界情勢や将来における埋蔵量を考慮すると、その供給が長期に亘って安定であるとは言えず、代替原料等の検討が行われてきた。
例えば非化石原料、即ち動植物油又はその改質品に関する検討が行われており、タイヤの原料等の広い分野に応用されている。また、ナフテン酸等の有機酸を含む低品質の重質油、高分子廃棄物である廃プラスチックや廃ゴムなどを不活性雰囲気下で熱分解することにより得られる熱分解油の利用の検討も行われており、マテリアルリサイクルの面からもより環境に配慮した手法として注目されている。
しかし、上記重質油や一部の熱分解油は酸性物質を多く含有することから、熱交換器、受入タンク、配管等の各種設備に対して強い腐食性を有するため、機器の損耗、破壊を引き起こすといった問題がある。
The supply of fossil raw materials that are widely used in the industry today, especially coal / petroleum-based feedstocks, is considered to be stable over the long term considering the recent unstable world situation and future reserves. However, alternative materials have been studied.
For example, non-fossil raw materials, that is, animal and vegetable oils or modified products thereof have been studied and applied to a wide range of fields such as tire raw materials. In addition, the use of pyrolysis oil obtained by pyrolyzing low-quality heavy oils containing organic acids such as naphthenic acid, waste plastics and waste rubber, which are polymer wastes, under an inert atmosphere is also considered. It has been attracting attention as a more environmentally friendly method in terms of material recycling.
However, since the above heavy oil and some pyrolysis oil contain a lot of acidic substances, it has strong corrosiveness to various facilities such as heat exchangers, receiving tanks, piping, etc. Cause problems.
これらの問題に対し、種々の化合物による中和反応を利用した腐食の低減が検討されており、リン酸化合物(特許文献1)、チオール類(特許文献2)、各種アミン(特許文献3)等が報告されている。
しかし、これらの技術には様々な問題があり、例えばリン酸化合物は毒性が高く、取扱いに制限が生じるといった問題があるし、チオール類の腐食低減効果は十分でなく、且つ比較的処理時間が長いため、効率的な手法とは言えない。また、各種アミンは種々の形態があるため広く検討されており、シクロヘキシルアミン、トリブチルアミン等が取り上げられているが、やはり腐食低減効果が不十分な事例が多く、そのため多量に用いる必要があって効率的でない。また、手法によっては水溶液添加であるため油水分離工程が必要であり、更なる改良が求められている。
In order to solve these problems, reduction of corrosion using neutralization reactions with various compounds has been studied. Phosphate compounds (Patent Document 1), thiols (Patent Document 2), various amines (Patent Document 3), etc. Has been reported.
However, these techniques have various problems, for example, phosphoric acid compounds are highly toxic and have limitations in handling, thiols are not sufficiently effective in reducing corrosion, and processing time is relatively long. Because of its length, it is not an efficient method. In addition, various amines have been widely studied because they have various forms, and cyclohexylamine, tributylamine and the like have been taken up, but there are still many cases where the effect of reducing corrosion is insufficient, so it is necessary to use a large amount. Not efficient. Further, depending on the method, since an aqueous solution is added, an oil / water separation step is required, and further improvement is required.
本発明は、酸性油の簡便かつ効果的な中和方法、及び該方法によって得られる腐食性が低減した油の提供を目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a simple and effective neutralization method for acidic oil, and an oil with reduced corrosivity obtained by the method.
本発明者らは、酸性物質を多く含有する所謂酸性油の効率的な中和方法について検討した結果、特定の化学構造及び物性を備えたアミンを用いると、従来の中和方法に見られる加熱や加圧、及び油水分離工程が不要となり、また、酸性油に対し油中の酸と等しい化学当量のアミンを添加するだけで十分に腐食性が低減した油が得られることを見出した。
即ち、上記課題は、次の1)〜4)の発明によって解決される。
1) 酸性油に対し、分子内に脂環式の6員環を2つ有し、疎水性で沸点が100℃以上の一級アミンを添加することを特徴とする酸性油の中和方法。
2) 前記アミンが、4,4′−メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルアミン)、又は、4,4′−メチレンビス(2−メチルシクロヘキシルアミン)であることを特徴とする1)に記載の酸性油の中和方法。
3) 酸性油中の酸と等しい化学当量のアミンを添加することを特徴とする1)又は2)に記載の酸性油の中和方法。
4) 1)〜3)のいずれかに記載の酸性油の中和方法によって得られる腐食性が低減した油。
As a result of studying an efficient neutralization method for so-called acidic oil containing a large amount of acidic substances, the present inventors have found that when an amine having a specific chemical structure and physical properties is used, heating that is found in conventional neutralization methods. It has been found that an oil having sufficiently reduced corrosivity can be obtained simply by adding an amine having a chemical equivalent to the acid in the oil to the acidic oil.
That is, the above-mentioned problems are solved by the following inventions 1) to 4).
1) A method for neutralizing acidic oil, comprising adding a primary amine having two alicyclic six-membered rings in the molecule and having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher to the acidic oil.
2) The method for neutralizing acidic oil according to 1), wherein the amine is 4,4′-methylenebis (cyclohexylamine) or 4,4′-methylenebis (2-methylcyclohexylamine). .
3) The method for neutralizing acidic oil according to 1) or 2), wherein an amine having a chemical equivalent to the acid in the acidic oil is added.
4) Oil with reduced corrosivity obtained by the neutralizing method of acidic oil according to any one of 1) to 3).
本発明によれば、酸性油の簡便かつ効果的な中和方法を提供できるとともに、該手法により腐食性が低減した油を得ることができる。また、各種設備に腐食対策を行うことなく熱分解油などの酸性油を用いることが可能となり、マテリアルサイクルの構築や安定した原料供給を実現できるので、工業上極めて有用である。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to provide the simple and effective neutralization method of acidic oil, the oil by which corrosivity was reduced by this method can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to use acidic oil such as pyrolysis oil without taking countermeasures against corrosion in various facilities, and construction of a material cycle and stable supply of raw materials can be realized, which is extremely useful industrially.
以下、本発明について詳しく説明する。
本発明の対象となる酸性油とは酸性物質を含有する油のことであり、その例としては、ナフテン酸等の有機酸を含む低品質の重質油、廃プラスチックや廃ゴムを不活性雰囲気下で熱分解することにより得られる熱分解油の一部などが挙げられる。これらの油は酸性物質を多く含有することから、熱交換器、受入タンク、配管等の各種設備に対して強い腐食性を有し、機器の損耗、破壊を引き起こすため、酸性物質を中和する必要がある。
The present invention will be described in detail below.
The acidic oil which is the object of the present invention is an oil containing an acidic substance, and examples thereof include low-quality heavy oils containing organic acids such as naphthenic acid, waste plastics and rubbers in an inert atmosphere. Part of the pyrolysis oil obtained by pyrolysis under the above can be mentioned. Since these oils contain a lot of acidic substances, they have strong corrosiveness to various equipment such as heat exchangers, receiving tanks, piping, etc. There is a need.
本発明では中和用のアミンとして、分子内に脂環式の6員環を2つ有し、疎水性で沸点が100℃以上の一級アミンを用いる。その例としては、4,4′−メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルアミン)、4,4′−メチレンビス(2−メチルシクロヘキシルアミン)などが挙げられる。
なお、「疎水性」とは、分子構造等に由来して、水に対する親和性が低く混和しにくい性質のことであるが、一般的には水に対する溶解度が1g/100mL以下程度の物質を疎水性物質と呼んでいる。
一級アミンを用いると高い中和効果が得られるのは、立体障害が少なく中和反応が速やかに進行するためであると考えられる。また、分子内に脂環式の6員環を2つ有するアミンは、酸性油との親和性が高く容易に分散するので、腐食原因物質の酸との反応が効率よく進行すると推測される。更に、沸点が100℃以上であると、高温条件での中和反応に耐えることができるし、工業プラントでは重質油が100℃近い温度で保管されていることも考慮すると、沸点が100℃以上であることが好ましい。なお、沸点の上限は特にないが、実用可能な一級アミンの沸点は最高でも400℃程度である。
In the present invention, a primary amine having two alicyclic 6-membered rings in the molecule and having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher is used as the neutralizing amine. Examples thereof include 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexylamine), 4,4'-methylenebis (2-methylcyclohexylamine), and the like.
“Hydrophobic” refers to a property that is derived from the molecular structure and has low affinity for water and is difficult to mix. Generally, a substance having a water solubility of about 1 g / 100 mL or less is hydrophobic. It is called a sex substance.
The reason why a high neutralization effect is obtained when a primary amine is used is considered to be because there is little steric hindrance and the neutralization reaction proceeds rapidly. In addition, an amine having two alicyclic six-membered rings in the molecule has a high affinity with acidic oil and easily disperses, so that it is presumed that the reaction with the acid of the corrosion-causing substance proceeds efficiently. Furthermore, when the boiling point is 100 ° C. or higher, it is possible to withstand neutralization reaction under high temperature conditions, and considering that heavy oil is stored at a temperature close to 100 ° C. in an industrial plant, the boiling point is 100 ° C. The above is preferable. The upper limit of the boiling point is not particularly limited, but a practical primary amine has a boiling point of about 400 ° C. at the maximum.
本発明における中和操作は、油の流動性が保たれ均一な反応が進行するように留意すること以外に特に留意点はなく、アミンを適宜混合撹拌すればよい。
具体的には、まず中和対象となる酸性油に含まれる酸の量〔TAN(全酸価)値〕を測定する。測定方法は公知の方法、例えば全酸価測定法(JIS K2501)などを採用すればよい。
次いで、適当な反応容器に酸性油を入れ、そこに酸性油中の酸と等しい化学当量のアミンを添加して十分に混合撹拌する。混合撹拌の時間は酸性油の量などに応じて変わるので特定できないが、要するに酸とアミンの中和反応が完了すればよく、通常は1〜2分程度である。なお、上記「酸性油中の酸と等しい化学当量」とは、化学量論的に厳密に等しい量である必要はなく、実際の操作では多少の増減は問題ない。しかしアミンを過剰に添加すればアミンが無駄になるし、アミンが少なすぎると中和されない酸が増えて十分な腐食防止効果が得られない惧れもあるので、できるだけ「酸性油中の酸と等しい化学当量」とすることが好ましい。
そして、後述する実施例、比較例から分かるように、本発明に係る一級アミンの場合は顕著な効果が得られるが、比較例で用いたアミンでは酸と等しい量を加えても腐食を防止することはできない。
In the neutralization operation in the present invention, there is no particular point except that the fluidity of the oil is maintained and a uniform reaction proceeds, and the amine may be appropriately mixed and stirred.
Specifically, the amount of acid [TAN (total acid value) value] contained in the acidic oil to be neutralized is first measured. As a measuring method, a known method such as a total acid value measuring method (JIS K2501) may be employed.
Next, the acidic oil is put into a suitable reaction vessel, and an amine having a chemical equivalent to the acid in the acidic oil is added thereto, followed by thorough mixing and stirring. The time for mixing and stirring cannot be specified because it varies depending on the amount of acidic oil, but in short, it is sufficient that the neutralization reaction between the acid and the amine is completed, and it is usually about 1 to 2 minutes. The “chemical equivalent equivalent to the acid in the acid oil” does not have to be a stoichiometrically exactly equal amount, and there is no problem in actual operation. However, if amine is added in excess, the amine will be wasted, and if there is too little amine, the acid that is not neutralized will increase, and there is a possibility that sufficient corrosion prevention effect will not be obtained. “Equal chemical equivalent” is preferred.
As can be seen from the examples and comparative examples described later, in the case of the primary amine according to the present invention, a remarkable effect can be obtained, but the amine used in the comparative example prevents corrosion even when an amount equal to the acid is added. It is not possible.
以下、実施例及び比較例を示して本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are shown and this invention is demonstrated further more concretely, this invention is not limited by these Examples.
実施例1〜2、比較例1〜7
廃ゴム1、及び廃ゴム2を、ロータリーキルン内で600℃×2時間加熱処理した後、軽質分を抜いて熱分解油1(TAN値:11.5)、熱分解油2(TAN値:0.58)を得た。
また、FCC油(流動接触分解油)に、ナフタレンカルボン酸とシクロヘキサンカルボン酸を加えてTAN値を調整し、酸性油1(TAN値:7.1)、酸性油2(TAN値:2.2)を得た。
また、課粒状のポリスチレン(PS)とポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)の重量比5:1の混合物を熱分解して、PS/PET熱分解油(TAN値:20.5)を得た。
上記各酸性油を用い、表1の実施例1〜2の一級アミン、及び、比較例1〜6の各欄に示すアミン(本発明の条件を一つ以上満たさないアミン)を用いて中和反応を行った後、鉄片を用いて腐食の程度を調べた。
まず、全酸価測定法(JIS K2501)により各酸性油中の酸の量を測定した。
次いで、50mLのガラス瓶に各酸性油を30g入れ、該油中の酸と等しい化学当量のアミンを添加して十分に混合撹拌した。得られた混合物に鉄片(20mm×24mm×3mm)を浸漬した後、ガラス瓶ごとオイルバスで90℃×45日間加熱した。
その後、鉄片を取り出し、油分を除去し洗浄した後、重量を測定し、下記式により重量減少率を算出した。
また、比較例7として、アミンを添加することなく同様にテストを行った。
結果を表1に示すが、重量減少率が大きい程、鉄片の腐食が進行していることになる。
重量減少率(%)=〔(浸漬前鉄片重量−浸漬後鉄片重量)/浸漬前鉄片重量〕×100
Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7
After the waste rubber 1 and the waste rubber 2 were heat-treated in a rotary kiln at 600 ° C. for 2 hours, the light components were removed and pyrolysis oil 1 (TAN value: 11.5) and pyrolysis oil 2 (TAN value: 0). .58) was obtained.
In addition, naphthalenecarboxylic acid and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid are added to FCC oil (fluid catalytic cracking oil) to adjust the TAN value, and acid oil 1 (TAN value: 7.1), acid oil 2 (TAN value: 2.2) )
Further, a 5: 1 weight ratio mixture of impregnated polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was pyrolyzed to obtain PS / PET pyrolyzed oil (TAN value: 20.5).
Using each of the above acidic oils, neutralization using the primary amines of Examples 1 and 2 in Table 1 and the amines shown in each column of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 (amines that do not satisfy one or more of the conditions of the present invention) After the reaction, the degree of corrosion was examined using an iron piece.
First, the amount of acid in each acidic oil was measured by a total acid value measurement method (JIS K2501).
Next, 30 g of each acidic oil was placed in a 50 mL glass bottle, and an amine having a chemical equivalent amount equal to the acid in the oil was added, followed by thorough mixing and stirring. After an iron piece (20 mm × 24 mm × 3 mm) was immersed in the obtained mixture, the whole glass bottle was heated in an oil bath at 90 ° C. for 45 days.
Thereafter, the iron piece was taken out, the oil was removed and washed, the weight was measured, and the weight reduction rate was calculated by the following formula.
Further, as Comparative Example 7, a test was similarly performed without adding an amine.
The results are shown in Table 1. As the weight reduction rate is larger, the iron piece is more corroded.
Weight reduction rate (%) = [(weight of iron piece before dipping−weight of iron piece after dipping) / weight of iron piece before dipping] × 100
表1から分かるように、実施例の減少率は、どの酸性油についても0%であり、腐食が全く生じなかった。これに対し比較例では、効果にバラツキがあるものの、いずれも腐食低減効果は不十分であった。
なお、アミンを添加しない比較例7よりも腐食が進行した比較例があるが、これは、各アミンに特有の腐食に対する悪影響によるものと推測される。つまり、アミンによる中和反応が常に腐食に対してプラスの効果があるわけではなく、アミンの種類によっては却って悪影響を及ぼす場合もあり、アミンの選択は非常に重要且つ微妙であることが分かる。
As can be seen from Table 1, the reduction rate of the examples was 0% for any acidic oil, and no corrosion occurred. On the other hand, in the comparative examples, although the effects varied, the corrosion reduction effect was insufficient.
In addition, although there is a comparative example in which the corrosion progressed more than the comparative example 7 in which no amine is added, this is presumed to be due to an adverse effect on corrosion specific to each amine. In other words, the neutralization reaction with amine does not always have a positive effect on corrosion, and depending on the type of amine, it may have an adverse effect, and it can be seen that the choice of amine is very important and subtle.
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