JP2017115388A - Tunnel face plane displacement monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To promptly notify displacement of a tunnel face plane on the basis of accurate and appropriate information without relying on a sense of an operator or a watchman in tunnel excavation work.SOLUTION: A tunnel face plane displacement monitoring device comprises: initial shape data acquisition means 11 which acquires initial shape data of a constructed face plane; initial shape data storage means 12 which stores the acquired initial shape data of the face plane; current shape data acquisition means 13 which acquires current shape data of the face plane; face plane displacement information creation means 14 which creates face plane displacement information showing a difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data on the basis of comparison of the stored initial shape data of the face plane with the acquired current shape data; and face plane displacement information projection means 15 which projects an image on the basis of the face plane displacement information on the face plane in a manner that enables an operator to distinguish the difference.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face. Specifically, when displacement occurs by monitoring the face immediately after excavation, the position of the displacement and the degree of displacement are indicated to the worker. The present invention relates to a technique capable of promptly informing.

  In tunnel construction, when excavating soft ground such as unconsolidated ground and fault fracture zone, the face may collapse. Such collapse of the face may hinder safe work, so it is necessary to detect the signs in advance and take appropriate measures. Therefore, a system has been developed that monitors the condition of the face and generates a warning when the risk of collapse increases (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  The technique described in Patent Document 1 relates to an apparatus and a method for easily creating an accurate face observation record always viewed from a certain direction and position, not a freehand sketch when creating a face observation record. Is. In this technique, the face approximate plane is formed at a predetermined position with respect to the tunnel face, and a plurality of reference points whose positions are known are marked on the face approximate plane. Then, together with the reference point, a face observation record is created based on a photographic image obtained by photographing the tunnel face on the photographing plane.

  The technique described in Patent Document 2 relates to a surveying system for detecting a discontinuous surface of a face such as a tunnel or detecting a geological boundary on the face. In this technique, a tunnel face to be surveyed is photographed with a digital camera to obtain a central projection image of the tunnel face. Then, using a conversion formula from a central projection image to an orthographic projection image using at least the values of the camera position, camera posture and focal length in digital camera shooting, as well as the distortion of the camera lens and the deviation of the camera lens center position. By analyzing the above and obtaining an orthographic projection image of the tunnel face, the face is surveyed.

  There is also a method of continuously measuring the pushing displacement of the face by a laser displacement meter attached to the rear face of the tunnel. In this method, based on the measurement data, data such as the displacement speed and the predicted time until collapse is calculated. When the accumulated displacement amount or displacement speed exceeds a preset management reference value, a warning lamp blinks to generate an alarm.

JP-A-8-285583 JP 2008-267843 A

  However, the method of visually monitoring the face by the monitor is difficult to constantly monitor, and management depends on the sense of the monitor. In addition, the technique described in Patent Document 1 can automatically create a face observation record, but the judgment on the displacement of the face depends on human hands, and it is not possible to immediately notify the danger of collapse or the like. Can not. Further, with the technique described in Patent Document 2, it is possible to survey the face surface based on an image, but the determination of the displacement of the face surface depends on humans, and there is a problem similar to that of Patent Document 1. It was.

  Furthermore, in the method of continuously measuring the pushing displacement of the face using a laser displacement meter, it is possible to report the danger of collapse etc. using a warning light, but it is also notified where the displacement is occurring. Because it was not possible to do so, there was a case where it was not possible to properly save.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described circumstances, and is a tunnel capable of promptly informing the displacement of the faceted surface based on accurate and appropriate information without depending on the sense of the operator or the monitoring staff. An object of the present invention is to provide a displacement monitoring device for a face surface.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face according to the present invention has the following features. That is, the displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face according to the present invention includes an initial shape data acquisition means, an initial shape data storage means, a current shape data acquisition means, a face face displacement information creation means, and a face face displacement information projection means. And, further, an alarm generating means can be provided.

  The initial shape data acquisition means is means for acquiring initial shape data of the formed face. The initial shape data storage means is means for storing the acquired initial shape data of the face surface. The current shape data acquisition means is means for acquiring current shape data of the face. The face surface displacement information creating means is based on a comparison between the initial shape data of the face surface stored in the initial shape data storage means and the current shape data acquired by the current shape data acquisition means. This is means for creating face surface displacement information indicating the difference between the two. The face surface displacement information projecting means is a means for projecting an image based on the face surface displacement information onto the face surface so that the operator can identify the face surface displacement information.

  In the displacement monitoring apparatus for a tunnel face having the above-described configuration, the face face displacement information projection means expresses the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data by at least one of hue, saturation, and brightness of the projected image. Is possible.

  Further, in the tunnel face displacement monitoring apparatus having the above-described configuration, the alarm generation means is means for generating an alarm when the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data in the face face displacement information exceeds a threshold value. It is.

  In the tunnel face face displacement monitoring device having the above-described configuration, excavation equipment is used for excavation, a support is built, concrete is sprayed onto the mirror surface, and a lock bolt is applied to form the face face. Then, by the function of the initial shape data storage means, the initial shape data of the tunnel face when the tunnel excavation is completed (concrete spraying on the mirror surface) is stored.

  After forming the face surface (after finishing concrete spraying on the mirror surface), the current shape data of the formed face surface is acquired by the function of the current shape data acquisition means. Then, by the function of the face surface displacement information creation means, the initial shape data and the current shape data are compared, and face face displacement information indicating the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data is created. The face face displacement information is information (displacement information) that indicates how much the formed tunnel face face differs from the initial shape, and shows the shape change due to the swell of the tunnel face, occurrence of cracks, collapse, etc. Yes. The created face face displacement information is projected onto the tunnel face face so that the operator can identify the face face displacement information projection means.

  In the projection of the face face displacement information, the change in the formation state of the tunnel face face is expressed by changing the color of the projected image or changing the brightness. For example, if a difference between the current shape data and the reference data occurs with the formation of the tunnel face, the projection color is changed according to the degree. If the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data exceeds the threshold value, there is a possibility that the face surface will collapse, so the brightness of the projected image at the collapse risk location etc. will increase at a stretch. At the same time, it is displayed in red, or an alarm sound is generated from the speaker to notify the operator of the displacement state of the face.

  According to the displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face according to the present invention, the initial shape data of the tunnel face is stored, and the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data is shown for the tunnel face in the tunnel excavation process. Project face face displacement information. As a result, the operator can instantly recognize whether or not the shape of the face surface matches the initial shape, so in the unlikely event that the face surface collapses, etc. Can take appropriate action.

  Also, by expressing the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data by at least one of the hue, saturation, and brightness of the projected image, the operator can instantly recognize accurate and appropriate information. Since it is possible, it is possible to quickly grasp the state of the facet.

  Furthermore, when the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data exceeds the threshold and there is a possibility that the face surface collapses, etc., by generating an alarm by the alarm means, Since it is possible to notice the displacement of the face face as soon as possible, it is possible to take further appropriate measures.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the displacement monitoring apparatus of the tunnel face surface which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the projection state of the displacement information with respect to a tunnel face.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a displacement face monitoring device (hereinafter abbreviated as displacement monitoring device) according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 illustrate a displacement monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the displacement monitoring apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a projection state of displacement information on a tunnel face. FIG.

<Outline of displacement monitoring device>
The displacement monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention constantly monitors the state of the tunnel face and makes the worker or the monitor recognize the state of the tunnel face and may cause danger such as collapse. In some cases, this is a technique that promptly informs the worker of that fact and can take appropriate measures such as evacuation.

<Details of displacement monitoring device>
As shown in FIG. 1, the displacement monitoring apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an initial shape data acquisition unit 11, an initial shape data storage unit 12, a current shape data acquisition unit 13, a face surface displacement information generation unit 14, and a face. Surface displacement information projection means 15 is provided, and alarm generation means 16 can be further provided. Hereinafter, each means will be described in detail.

<Initial shape data acquisition means>
The initial shape data acquisition unit 11 is a unit for acquiring the initial shape data of the formed face, and includes, for example, an imaging device such as a video camera and an illumination device. For example, the initial shape data acquisition unit 11 is installed at the top of a tunnel or the like, and uses the face of the tunnel as an imaging target. At this time, if the illuminance is insufficient, it is preferable to irradiate the tunnel face with photographing light by an illumination device such as a projector or an LED light. The initial shape data acquired by the initial shape data acquisition means 11 is stored in the initial shape data storage means 12. The initial shape data of the formed face is the shape data of the face when the excavation machine is excavated, a support is built, and concrete is sprayed onto the mirror surface.

<Initial shape data storage means>
The initial shape data storage unit 12 includes a large capacity storage device such as an HDD. The initial shape data storage means 12 stores initial shape data (data such as cross-sectional shape and ground condition) of the tunnel face when tunnel excavation is completed (concrete spraying onto the mirror surface). The initial shape data is transmitted to the face surface displacement information creating means 14 and used to create the tunnel face surface displacement information together with the current shape data.

  The initial shape data storage means 12 may be built in (attached) to a computer installed at the excavation site of the tunnel, or may be installed so that data communication is possible via a data communication line. For example, a server (not shown) installed in the management facility is caused to function as the initial shape data storage unit 12, and the server, the initial shape data acquisition unit 11, the current shape data acquisition unit 13, the face surface displacement information generation unit 14, Information may be transmitted and received by connecting the face surface displacement information projection means 15 via a data communication line. In this case, the server may be a virtual server constructed on a cloud system.

  The data communication line may be any line as long as it can transmit and receive data, and the Internet, a public telephone line, a dedicated data communication line, a wireless LAN line, a wired LAN line, etc., alone or in combination. Can be used. Thus, by making the initial shape data storage means 12 a server function, the present invention can be applied to a construction site where the humidity is high or dust is present and the environment is not good for a precision machine such as a computer. Such a displacement monitoring device 10 can be used.

<Current shape data acquisition means>
The current shape data acquisition unit 13 is a unit for acquiring current shape data of the tunnel face formed in the tunnel excavation process, and includes, for example, an imaging device such as a video camera, an illumination device, and the like. This current shape data acquisition means 13 is installed, for example, at the top end of the tunnel, and the tunnel face is taken as an imaging target. At this time, if the illuminance is insufficient, it is preferable to irradiate the tunnel face with photographing light by an illumination device such as a projector or an LED light. The current shape data acquired by the current shape data acquisition means 13 is transmitted to the face surface displacement information creation means 13 and used to create face face displacement information together with the initial shape data. The current shape data acquisition unit 13 may be configured as a unit that also serves as the initial shape data acquisition unit 11.

<Cut face displacement information creation means>
The face surface displacement information creation means 13 determines the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data based on the comparison between the initial shape data of the tunnel face and the acquired current shape data stored in the initial shape data storage means 12. It is a means for creating the face face displacement information shown, and comprises, for example, a computer and its associated devices, and an application program that operates in cooperation with hardware by being installed in the computer.

  As with the initial shape data storage means 12, the face face displacement information creation means 14 may be built in (attached) to a computer installed at the excavation site of the tunnel, but data communication is possible via a data communication line. It may be installed in.

<Face displacement information projection means>
The face surface displacement information projection means 15 is a means for projecting an image based on the face face displacement information onto the tunnel face so that the operator can identify the face face displacement information, and is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal projector. This face surface displacement information projection means 15 is installed, for example, at the top of a tunnel, and the tunnel face surface is set as a projection target surface.

  Although not shown, the liquid crystal projector is a device having a light source, a liquid crystal panel, a projection lens system, and the like as main components, and visualizes the face surface displacement information created by the face surface displacement information creating means 14 and displays it on the tunnel face. Project. At this time, it is preferable to three-dimensionally express the information projected on the tunnel face. In order to express information three-dimensionally, a projection mapping technique may be used. Note that the projection mapping requires hardware and software for expressing a video three-dimensionally.

<Alarm generating means>
The alarm generation unit 16 is a unit for generating an alarm when the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data exceeds a threshold value. For example, the face surface displacement is changed by extremely changing the mode (at least one of hue, saturation, and lightness) of the image projected onto the tunnel face by the face surface displacement information projection unit 15 as compared with the normal state. The information projection means 15 may function as an alarm generation, or a device for generating an alarm may be provided separately.

  Examples of the alarm generating device include an amplifier, a speaker, and a rotating lamp as shown in FIG. That is, an alarm is generated by generating an alarm sound from a speaker or turning on or blinking a rotating lamp. Moreover, you may perform both the warning by the projection image mentioned above, and the warning by an alarm generator.

<Projection of face displacement information>
Hereinafter, a procedure for projecting face face displacement information on the tunnel face face using the displacement monitoring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment will be described. In order to create the face surface displacement information, the initial shape data acquisition unit 11 acquires the initial shape data of the face surface at the end of spraying of concrete onto the mirror surface. For example, the formed face of the tunnel is photographed with a video camera to obtain initial shape data. The acquired initial shape data is stored in the initial shape data storage unit 12.

  On the other hand, the current shape data of the subsequent tunnel face is acquired by the function of the current shape data acquisition means 13. For example, the current shape data is acquired by photographing the current state of the tunnel face with a video camera. This current shape data is stored in a temporary storage area of the computer.

  Then, the function of the face surface displacement information creating means 14 calculates the difference between both data using the initial shape data and the current shape data, and creates face surface displacement information. The face surface displacement information as the calculation result is projected as an image on the tunnel face by the function of the face surface displacement information projection means 15. The projected image represents the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data by at least one of hue, saturation, and brightness.

  The procedure described above will be described with reference to FIG. 2A is an initial projection state when the tunnel face is formed, FIG. 2B is a projection state when time has elapsed since the formation of the tunnel face, and FIG. 2C is a time when a warning is generated. Indicates the projection state.

  When the tunnel face is formed by tunnel excavation, initial shape data is projected onto the tunnel face. Then, as the shape of the tunnel face changes, the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data is expressed by at least one of hue, saturation, and brightness of the projected image. Furthermore, if there is a possibility that the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data will exceed the threshold and the face of the tunnel face will collapse, change the color of the projected image or increase the brightness at once. The operator is informed that the shape change of the tunnel face is abnormal. At the same time, an alarm sound is generated from a speaker which is an alarm generation device. As the face face displacement information, a contour face may be used to express the state of the tunnel face face.

<Other embodiments>
The above-described embodiment is a basic aspect of the displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face according to the present invention, but the displacement of the tunnel face can be monitored in a more multifaceted manner by combining other techniques. it can. For example, the geology of the tunnel ground is grasped by means of boring surveys or analysis techniques using elastic waves, and what kind of displacement the face of the tunnel faces in relation to the quality of each location, collapse of the tunnel face, flooding, etc. Is stored as data. Then, based on the relationship between the displacement of the tunnel ground and the face of the tunnel face, it is possible to generate a warning by calculating the risk of collapse or flooding, the expected time of occurrence, and the like. By using such a technique, it becomes possible to notify the displacement of the tunnel facet more rapidly.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Displacement monitoring apparatus 11 Initial shape data acquisition means 12 Initial shape data storage means 13 Current shape data acquisition means 14 Face face displacement information creation means 15 Face face displacement information projection means 16 Alarm generation means

Claims (3)

Initial shape data acquisition means for acquiring initial shape data of the formed face surface;
Initial shape data storage means for storing the acquired initial shape data of the face surface;
Current shape data acquisition means for acquiring current shape data of the face surface;
Face face displacement information creation for creating face face displacement information indicating a difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data based on a comparison between the stored initial face shape data and the acquired current shape data Means,
Face face displacement information projection means for projecting an image based on the face face displacement information onto the face face so that an operator can identify the face face;
A displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face, characterized by comprising: The face surface displacement information projection means expresses the difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data by at least one of hue, saturation, and brightness of the image to be projected.
The displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face according to claim 1. An alarm generating means for generating an alarm when a difference between the initial shape data and the current shape data in the face face displacement information exceeds a threshold;
The displacement monitoring device for a tunnel face according to claim 1 or 2.

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