JP2017107213A - Natural lighting sheet, window glass, and roll screen - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a natural lighting sheet that enables sunlight incident upon a window to be guided to a ceiling or the like where sunlight is not directly incident upon with a simpler configuration in comparison with a conventional one.SOLUTION: A natural lighting sheet is formed in a sheet shape as a whole, concave grooves 7 formed on transparent sheet material 4A are filled with a filler to form reflection planes, and reflection by the reflection planes makes a light path of sunlight folded to be guided indoors.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet material that guides sunlight (sunlight) incident on a window to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight does not enter.

  Conventionally, a method has been proposed in which natural light is effectively used for indoor indirect lighting by guiding sunlight incident on a window to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight is not incident. Specifically, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-106271 proposes a configuration in which a feather of a blind is made of a reflecting material, and sunlight incident on a window is reflected by the feather and guided to the ceiling.

  However, the configuration of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-106271 has various problems related to the blind because it uses the configuration of the blind. Specifically, there is a problem that the configuration is complicated and the movable part is likely to fail. Also, maintenance such as cleaning work has a complicated problem.

JP 2002-106271 A

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and provides a daylighting sheet capable of guiding sunlight incident on a window to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight is not incident, with a simpler configuration than conventional ones. The purpose is to do.

  The present inventor has conducted extensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, made the whole into a sheet shape, filled a concave groove made in a transparent sheet material with a filler, and made a reflection surface. The idea of bending the light path of sunlight and introducing it indoors has led to the completion of the present invention.

    Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

  (1) A daylighting sheet disposed along a window, in which a concave groove extending in one direction is repeatedly formed on a surface of the transparent sheet material opposite to the window side, and the filling material for the concave groove The reflection sun extended in the one direction for reflecting the incident light to the transparent sheet material is formed on at least one inclined surface of the concave groove, and the direct sun transmitted through the window by the reflection by the reflection surface A daylighting sheet characterized by introducing light indoors.

  (2) An adhesive layer coated with an adhesive material is provided on the window side of the transparent sheet material, and is disposed along the window by being attached to the window by the adhesive layer. The daylighting sheet according to (1).

  (3) The daylighting sheet according to (1), wherein the daylighting sheet is applied to a roll screen cloth disposed in the window and disposed along the window.

  (4) The daylighting sheet according to (1), (2), or (3), wherein the concave groove is set so that the inclination of the reflecting surface with respect to the thickness direction becomes smaller toward the upper side. .

  The sunlight that is incident on the window can be guided to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight is not incident, with a simpler configuration than in the past.

It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the daylighting sheet which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the daylighting sheet | seat of FIG. 1 in detail. It is sectional drawing with which it uses for description of the concave groove of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explanation following FIG. 3. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the concave groove of FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of a concave groove. It is a figure which shows the other example of the concave groove different from the example of FIG. 5, FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of the concave groove different from the example of FIGS. It is a figure which shows the use condition of the daylighting sheet which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the daylighting sheet | seat of FIG. 9 in detail. It is a figure where it uses for description of the lighting sheet which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the concave groove of the upper part of the daylighting sheet | seat of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the concave groove of the lower part of the daylighting sheet | seat of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage state of the daylighting sheet according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The daylighting sheet 1 of this embodiment is used while being held along the window glass 2 and bends the optical path of sunlight incident on the window glass 2 to guide it to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight does not enter. More specifically, the daylighting sheet 1 is used by being attached to the inner side surface of the window glass 2. For this reason, the daylighting sheet 1 is provided with a lens layer 5 that is used to bend the optical path of sunlight. A base material layer 4 that holds the lens layer 5 is provided inside the lens layer 5, and is attached to the window glass 2 by the adhesive layer 3 provided inside the base material layer 4 and is held. A protective layer 6 that protects the lens layer 5 is provided outside the lens layer 5.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the daylighting sheet 1 in detail. In this embodiment, a transparent sheet material 4A made of, for example, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) resin is applied to the base material layer 4. The daylighting sheet 1 has a concave groove 7 formed on the surface of the transparent sheet material 4A. Here, the concave groove 7 has a surface facing the upper side (matching with the upper side in FIG. 2 and other drawings) and a surface facing the lower side (matching with the upper side in FIG. 2 and other drawings). In this embodiment, the groove is formed by a groove having a wedge-shaped cross section. The daylighting sheet 1 is produced so that the concave groove 7 extends linearly, and is attached to and held on the window glass 2 so that the extending direction thereof is the horizontal direction. The concave grooves 7 are repeatedly produced at a predetermined pitch in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction (up and down direction, which coincides with the up and down direction in each drawing).

  The concave groove 7 is formed by applying a UV curable resin on one surface of the transparent sheet material 4A, and then pressing the transfer mold and curing the UV curable resin by irradiating with an ultraviolet ray, thereby transferring the transfer mold. It is produced by transferring the concavo-convex shape produced. The method for forming the concave groove 7 is not limited to this. For example, when the concave and convex shape of the mold is transferred by pressing the transfer mold in a state where the transparent sheet material such as polyvinyl chloride is heated and softened. Various methods can be widely applied.

  In the daylighting sheet 1, the concave groove 7 is filled with a filler, whereby a reflective film is formed on at least the upper surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the concave groove 7, and sunlight is emitted by the reflective film. Reflect and bend the light path of sunlight. Specifically, in this embodiment, the filler is a so-called mirror ink in which a high-reflectivity powder such as aluminum or silver is dispersed in a binder made of a transparent resin material. For example, an ultraviolet curable resin or a thermosetting resin is applied to the binder. Therefore, the daylighting sheet 1 is filled with the concave groove 7 and then cured to produce the lens layer 5.

  Note that white ink may be applied as the filling material filling the concave groove 7, and in this case, the emitted light from the daylighting sheet 1 can be used as scattered light. A colorless transparent ink may also be applied. In this case, the refractive index of the transparent material constituting the concave groove 7 is refracted from this so that total reflection occurs on at least the upper surface of the concave groove 7. A material with a low rate is selected. Black ink and various colored inks may also be applied. In this case, a transparent resin material is used as a pigment binder for coloring, and a transparent resin having a small refractive index with respect to the transparent material constituting the concave groove 7. The material is selected. Thus, when using black ink and colored ink, it can set so that the lighting sheet 1 itself may take on a desired color, and the lighting sheet 1 can be made excellent in design.

  The daylighting sheet 1 is subsequently coated with an adhesive to provide an adhesive layer 8, and a protective film 9 is disposed on the adhesive layer 8. A hard coat film 10 is provided on the protective film 9. The protective film 9 and the hard coat film 10 are provided to prevent the daylighting sheet 1 from being damaged in a cleaning operation or the like related to a normal window glass. The hard coat film 10 may be made of a rough surface and may have a function of scattering transmitted light. The daylighting sheet 1 is provided with an adhesive layer 3 and a separator S sequentially on the back side, and is attached to the window glass 2 by the adhesive layer 3 that is peeled off and exposed.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the concave groove 7. In FIG. 3, the shape of the concave groove 7 is exaggerated for easy understanding. Here, in this embodiment, when the filling material filled in the concave groove 7 is mirror ink, a reflection surface is formed by the contour of the concave groove 7. Further, the concave groove 7 is formed by connecting a pair of slopes of a surface facing upward and a surface facing downward, in this case, a reflecting surface by a slope facing upward and a slope facing downward, respectively. Thus, a reflective surface is produced. The sunlight that has passed through the window glass 2 is incident on and reflected by the reflecting surface facing upward, and as a result, the sunlight passes through the lens layer 5 by bending the optical path upward. The direct sunlight is emitted toward the indoor ceiling where it does not enter. Thereby, in the daylighting sheet 1, sunlight incident on the window can be guided to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight is not incident. When the concave groove 7 is filled with white ink, the reflected light from the reflecting surface becomes scattered light, and similarly, the incident light can be guided to the ceiling where direct sunlight does not enter by the scattered light. In these cases, the sunlight incident on the reflecting surface at a small incident angle is reflected by the slope facing the lower side of the concave groove 7 adjacent to the upper side before being reflected from the reflecting surface and emitted from the lens layer 5. It will reach the surface and will not be emitted directly to the ceiling. However, such components are emitted by multiple reflection between the adjacent concave grooves 7 and the like. Therefore, even in such a component having a small incident angle, the light is distributed and emitted indoors where direct sunlight does not enter. In addition, when white ink is applied, a component that is not emitted directly toward the ceiling is generated due to irregular reflection on the reflecting surface, but even in such a component, indoors where direct sunlight does not enter due to multiple reflections. The light is emitted after being sorted.

  In addition, when the member with which the concave groove 7 is filled is a transparent member or various inks such as black ink, a reflective surface is similarly formed on the slope of the concave groove 7. That is, in this case, since the refractive index of the transparent member or the ink binder is smaller than the refractive index of the member constituting the concave groove 7, the critical angle θc out of the external light incident on the inclined surface facing upward of the concave groove 7. External light L1 incident at a larger incident angle is totally reflected at this slope. As a result, all of the incident light L1 is emitted toward the indoor ceiling where the incident light is bent upward along the optical path and transmitted through the lens layer 5 so that direct sunlight does not enter.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4 in comparison with FIG. 3, the external light L2 incident at an incident angle smaller than the critical angle θc with respect to the slope facing upward of the concave groove 7 has a part of the component. Reflected by this slope, the reflected light component bends the optical path upward, passes through the lens layer 5, and is emitted toward the indoor ceiling where direct sunlight does not enter. In addition, the remaining component of the outside light L2 passes through this inclined surface and is emitted toward the adjacent concave groove 7 below. This remaining component is multiple-reflected on the slope of the continuous concave groove 7 and emitted toward each part, and as a result, each part such as the ceiling where direct sunlight does not enter as well as the reflected light from the slope facing upward. It will be emitted toward. Thereby, also in this case, a reflective surface is formed on the slope of the concave groove 7, and incident light can be guided to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight does not enter by reflection of incident light by this reflective surface. When the content of powder and pigment is low in mirror ink and white ink, respectively, the concave groove 7 is filled with the transparent member in the function of the concave groove 7 when the mirror ink and white ink are filled. It goes without saying that the functions of the case will be combined.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of the concave groove 7. In this embodiment, the concave groove 7 is produced by a wedge-shaped cross section with a flat surface assigned to the apex. In this embodiment, the width of the bottom surface is formed at a pitch of 60 μm by 30 μm, whereby the area ratio (opening ratio) at which the concave grooves 7 block the incident light perpendicularly incident on the daylighting sheet 1 is set to 50%. It is set so that the surrounding scenery can be fully seen through the daylighting sheet 1. The concave groove 7 is made symmetrical in the vertical direction on the premise of this aperture ratio, and has an inclination (taper angle) with respect to the thickness direction of an inclined surface facing upward and an inclined surface facing downward. The depth is set to 150 μm, which is practically sufficient to guide sunlight incident on the window to the indoor ceiling, etc. throughout the four seasons and during the daytime when the sun is strong. Is done.

  Incidentally, the daylighting sheet 1 has the shape of a slope that functions as a reflecting surface in the concave groove 7, and the performance of bending the optical path of the incident light is variously changed. Therefore, various shapes can be applied to the cross-sectional shape of the concave groove 7 according to the intended performance. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the concave groove 7 may be shallow in depth, or may be downsized. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the shape of the slope may be a curved surface shape, and as shown in FIG. 8, the cross-sectional shape of the slope may be a polygonal line shape. Further, the slope facing upward and the slope facing downward may be connected by a curved surface, or may be directly connected. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the slope facing upward may be different from that of the slope facing downward, and in this case, the degree of freedom in design for ensuring various design targets such as the aperture ratio may be increased. Can do.

  According to this first embodiment, a concave groove repeatedly formed in a transparent sheet material is filled with a filler to form a reflective surface, and the light path of sunlight transmitted through the window is reflected indoors by reflection by this reflective surface. By introducing it, various problems related to blinds can be solved at once, and sunlight that is incident on the window can be guided to a ceiling or the like where direct sunlight is not incident, with a simpler structure than before. .

  Further, by providing an adhesive layer on the other surface, the adhesive layer can be attached and held on a window, and can be installed by a simple operation.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage state of the daylighting sheet according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the roll screen 12 is arranged by a curtain rail or the like provided on the window. The daylighting sheet 11 of this embodiment is applied to the fabric of the roll screen 12. Thereby, the daylighting sheet 11 of this embodiment is pulled out from the state of being housed in a roll shape and arranged along the window, and the light path of sunlight incident on the window glass 2 is bent to prevent direct sunlight from entering the ceiling. Lead to etc. Therefore, the daylighting sheet 11 of this embodiment is applied to the roll screen 12 to ensure sufficient flexibility and strength.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the daylighting sheet 11 in detail in comparison with FIG. In FIG. 10, the same configuration as that of the daylighting sheet 1 of the first embodiment is denoted by the corresponding reference numeral, and redundant description is omitted. As with the daylighting sheet 1 of the first embodiment, the daylighting sheet 11 is made of the base material layer 4 and the lens layer 5. The daylighting sheet 11 is provided with an antistatic film 13 for preventing blocking on the surface of the lens layer 5. Similarly, the antistatic film 14 for preventing blocking is provided on the transparent sheet material 4A according to the base material layer 4. The daylighting sheet 11 is configured in the same manner as the daylighting sheet 1 of the first embodiment except that the configurations of both side surfaces of the base material layer 4 and the lens layer 5 according to FIG. 10 are different.

  In this embodiment, even when the daylighting sheet is applied to a roll screen, a direct sun that has been transmitted through a window due to reflection by the reflection surface is formed by filling the concave groove repeatedly produced in the transparent sheet material with the filler. By introducing light indoors, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  In addition, by applying the light to the indoors by applying it to a roll screen, it is possible to effectively use various advantages of the roll screen and improve usability. That is, when not in use, it can be stored in a roll shape so as not to impair the incidence of direct sunlight, and the sunlight can be guided indoors as necessary, thereby improving usability. . That is, in such a form, the daylighting sheet 11 can be installed facing the window only when necessary, and the daylighting sheet 11 is used when it is cloudy, when it is dark in the morning or evening, or when you want to see the outside scenery well. When unnecessary, the daylighting sheet 11 can be rolled up and stored in the roll screen 12.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the daylighting sheet 21 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. When the light path of the sunlight L incident on the window is bent and guided to the ceiling or the like as in the above-described embodiment, it is also predicted that the emitted light L from the daylighting sheet is blocked by an indoor person or the like. It is desirable to reduce the situation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the daylighting sheet 21 emits sunlight incident below the window glass 2 to a nearby ceiling by largely bending the light path. Further, as the incident position of sunlight becomes higher with less shielding, the amount of bending of the optical path is gradually reduced, and the sunlight incident on the upper part of the window glass 2 is led to the back of the room.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 in detail, the upper and lower structures indicated by reference signs A and B in FIG. 11 are arranged in the upper side, each slope of the concave groove 7 and the daylighting sheet surface. It is fabricated so that the angle formed with the normal line on the back surface is small, and thus the tilt of the reflecting surface with respect to the thickness direction is fabricated so as to be smaller toward the upper side. The daylighting sheet 21 of this embodiment is configured the same as the daylighting sheet of the first embodiment or the second embodiment described above, except that the configuration of the concave grooves is different.

  In this embodiment, a concave surface formed in a transparent sheet material is filled with a filler to form a reflective surface, and direct sunlight transmitted through a window due to reflection by the reflective surface is introduced indoors. By gradually changing the cross-sectional shape of the groove, the sunlight incident on the upper side, reflected toward the far ceiling, so that it is not blocked by people, etc., can guide the sunlight indoors, Usability can be further improved.

[Other Embodiments]
The specific configuration suitable for the implementation of the present invention has been described in detail above. However, the present invention can be combined with various configurations of the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The configuration of the embodiment can be variously changed.

  That is, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the concave groove is filled with a transparent member or the like having a small refractive index with respect to the constituent member of the concave groove has been described. A large member may be filled in the concave groove. However, in this case, the function of the reflecting surface of the concave groove described above is performed by the inclined surface facing the lower side of the concave groove.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the light path of sunlight is simply bent by the daylighting sheet has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a function of shielding infrared rays, a function of shielding ultraviolet rays, and the like are provided. Also good. That is, for example, it is possible to add a function of shielding ultraviolet rays by adding an ultraviolet absorber to the adhesive layer 3 described above with reference to FIG. 2, and in this case, it is possible to reduce deterioration over time of components due to ultraviolet rays. In addition, a function of shielding infrared rays can be added by, for example, laminating an infrared cut film on the transparent sheet material 4A. In this case, it is possible to save energy by reducing changes in room temperature. However, in this case, of course, an infrared absorbing agent (phthalocyanine dye, cesium-containing tungsten oxide fine particles, etc.) that transmits visible light and absorbs only infrared rays is used.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the case where the concave grooves having the same shape are formed at a constant pitch has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of types of concave grooves having different cross-sectional shapes are fixed. You may arrange by pitch. In this way, the function of bending the optical path in the daylighting sheet 1 can be variously changed by selecting the cross-sectional shape of the plurality of types of concave grooves, and further by the ratio of the arrangement of the plurality of types of concave grooves, etc. Thereby, desired characteristics can be easily secured. Further, in this case, the ratio of the arrangement of the plurality of types of concave grooves can be changed in each part, and the characteristics of the daylighting sheet can be made different in each part. Specifically, for example, in the third embodiment, the ratio of the concave grooves having the cross-sectional shape indicated by reference sign B increases toward the lower part from the upper part with respect to the concave grooves having two types of cross-sectional shapes indicated by reference signs A and B. Thus, by changing the ratio of the arrangement of these two types of concave grooves, it is possible to easily ensure characteristics similar to those described above for the third embodiment.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the daylighting sheet is arranged so that the concave groove extends horizontally has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when arranged obliquely from the horizontal direction, it extends in the vertical direction. The present invention can be widely applied to such a case. In addition, when arrange | positioning in this way, it is the case where it introduce | transduces sunlight indoors only in the morning and only in the afternoon, or directs sunlight to the specific direction of a room etc., for example.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the concave grooves extending linearly are arranged at a predetermined pitch in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A groove may be formed. In this case, each portion of the concave groove meandering in a sine wave shape can be set to correspond to incident light in the morning, daytime, and afternoon. This allows sunlight to be introduced indoors throughout the day and even throughout the year. In this case, by changing the magnitude (amplitude) of the meandering in the vertical direction of the daylighting sheet, the characteristic change in the vertical direction of the daylighting sheet is given in the same manner as described above for the third embodiment. You can also.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 11, 21 Daylighting sheet 2 Window glass 3 Adhesive layer 4 Base material layer 4A Transparent sheet material 5 Lens layer 6 Protective layer 7 Concave groove 8 Adhesive layer 9 Protective film 10 Hard coat film 12 Roll screen 13, 14 Antistatic film

Claims (5)

A lens layer is laminated on the transparent sheet material,
The lens layer is
Equipped with a plurality of reflective surfaces with inclined surfaces that extend obliquely in the thickness direction,
The reflective surface is
Formed by the interface of transparent members with different refractive indexes,
The cross-sectional shape is formed by a polygonal line shape,
The interface of the members having different refractive indexes is
A daylighting sheet, which is an interface between a concave groove made of an ultraviolet curable resin and a transparent filler disposed in the concave groove. The daylighting sheet is a daylighting sheet disposed along the window;
The polygonal line shape is
The daylighting sheet according to claim 1, wherein an angle formed with a normal line of the sheet surface is a shape with a larger angle on the window side than on the opposite side of the window side. The daylighting sheet according to claim 2, wherein an angle formed between the reflection surface and the normal line of the surface is set to be smaller toward the upper side. The window glass which has arrange | positioned the daylighting sheet in any one of Claim 1, Claim 2, and Claim 3. A roll screen in which the daylighting sheet according to claim 1 is applied to a cloth.

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