JP2017105480A - Disassembling device and disassembling method of cardboard - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to effectively disassemble a cardboard with a simple structure without generation of paper powder or the like.SOLUTION: A cardboard disassembling device 1 for disassemble a cardboard A0 in an assembled state into a cardboard A3 in a flat development state is configured in such a manner that the device comprises a pressing mechanism 5 equipped with a pressing plate 3 which acts on at least one bending part 15 of a cardboard A1 in the state that an outer cover 11 and an inner cover 13 for one opening 9 are bent inwards, and which simultaneously breaks connection sides 25 at both ends of a portion connected by the bending part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to a cardboard box disassembling apparatus and a disassembling method for disassembling a used corrugated cardboard box in a flat unfolded state, and more particularly, to a cardboard box disassembling apparatus and disassembling method characterized by the structure and method of disassembling. It is related to.

For example, at a distribution base such as a mail order company, hundreds of used cardboard boxes are discharged per day. Such used cardboard boxes are transported to a primary storage location, then placed on a roller conveyor, etc., and guided to a parking location of a packer car owned by a used paper supplier. It is processed by throwing it at a pace and crushing it.
On the other hand, in large retail stores, etc., after taking out the products from the cardboard boxes containing the products, they are manually dismantled using a cutter knife and pliers, and the average number is 100 per day. It has risen to the extent. And the disassembly time in that case is performed at a pace of about 2 boxes per minute in the case of a cardboard box of 600 × 450 × 350 mm size.

In addition, as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, an attempt has been made to disassemble a used cardboard box that has been assembled using a cardboard box disassembly apparatus.
Among these, Patent Document 1 discloses a cardboard box dismantling apparatus having a structure in which a cardboard box in a state of being assembled by alternately arranging a plurality of two types of cutter boards having different rotation directions is directly cut into pieces. ing.
On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, there is an apparatus in which an outer flap and an inner flap of a cardboard box are opened by suction and held by a suction cup, and an article in the cardboard box is taken out and then folded into a flat state using a cylinder. It is disclosed.

JP-A-7-277312 JP-A-5-254525

However, the dismantling work of the cardboard box using the packer car described above and the dismantling work of the cardboard box manually using the cutter knife and pliers described above are not efficient and press the work of the used paper supplier, This has resulted in a great deal of labor for the workers.
In addition, when using a cardboard box disassembly device with a structure for dismantling the cardboard box using the cutter board, a large number of cardboard box cutting waste is generated after dismantling. It takes time and effort. In addition, the influence of the paper dust generated by cutting on the working environment becomes a problem.

  In addition, when the cardboard box unpacking, unloading, and folding devices are used by automating the series of operations of unpacking the cardboard box, taking out articles, and folding the cardboard box using the suction cup and cylinder, However, these operations, which have been performed manually by humans, have been automated by using suction cups and cylinders, and while a polite finish can be expected, the processing capacity takes time and the structure of the device is complicated and large. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the apparatus increases.

  The present invention has been made based on such points, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the burden on used paper suppliers and workers by realizing efficient and hassle-free dismantling of cardboard boxes. Suppressing the generation of paper dust and cutting waste in the work, reducing the impact on the working environment of paper dust, eliminating the waste disposal process of cutting waste, and simplifying the structure of the equipment, An object of the present invention is to provide a cardboard box disassembling apparatus and a disassembling method capable of reducing the size of the apparatus and reducing the manufacturing cost of the apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, a cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention is a cardboard box disassembling apparatus for disassembling an assembled cardboard box into a flat unfolded state. And a cardboard box with the inner lid folded inward, acting on at least one bent portion of the cardboard box, and an outer lid or inner lid connected by the bent portion; At the same time, at least one set of connecting edges, one at each end of the front plate, back plate, left side plate or right side plate, is broken by pushing the plate, back plate, left side plate or right side plate outward. And a pressing mechanism including a pressing plate.

  The cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 2 is the cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressing mechanism includes a pressing plate that swings in a range of a predetermined angle around a swing fulcrum, and A lifting support frame connected to the pressing plate via a swinging fulcrum; a lifting cylinder having a tip of a cylinder rod attached to the lifting support frame and moving the lifting support frame up and down within a predetermined stroke; It is characterized by comprising.

  The cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 3 is the corrugated cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the swing fulcrum is located at an appropriate position along the conveying direction so that the center of gravity comes to the other end side of the pressing plate. The position of the first contact point at which the pressing plate contacts the bent portion is set closer to one end of the pressing plate than the swing fulcrum, and the pressing plate is at the lower end. The position of the second contact point that contacts the inner surface of the outer lid or inner lid that reaches and closes the other opening of the cardboard box is set to be closer to the other end of the pressing plate. It is a feature.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the cardboard box dismantling apparatus according to the second or third aspect, wherein the pressure plate is tilted between the pressing plate and the lifting support frame between the pressing plate and the lifting support frame. And a second stopper that holds the horizontal posture of the pressing plate that has reached the lower end.

  Further, the cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 5 is the cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressing mechanism is configured to simultaneously operate two opposing bent portions. The four connecting edges formed between the front plate, the back plate, the left side plate, and the right side plate can be simultaneously broken by causing the pressing plates to act and spreading in the opposite directions at the same timing. It is comprised so that it may be comprised.

A cardboard box disassembly apparatus according to claim 6 is the cardboard box disassembly apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the position of the cardboard box to be disassembled is fixed at least when the connection side is broken by the pressing plate. And a holding mechanism for holding the posture of the cardboard box.
The cardboard box disassembly apparatus according to claim 7 is the cardboard box disassembly apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the holding mechanism acts on the outer surface of the front plate and the back plate or the right side plate and the left side plate of the cardboard box. An outer cover that holds the cardboard box from the outside, and an inner pressing member that enters the inner space of the cardboard box and holds the cardboard box from the inner side when the connection side is broken by the pressing plate. It is a characteristic.

  The cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 8 is the corrugated cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the inner pressing member is opposed in a direction intersecting with a direction in which the bent portion on which the pressing plate acts exists. It is provided in the middle between the inner pressing plate provided in two pieces acting on both ends of each of the front plate and the back plate or the right side plate and the left side plate, and the inner pressing plate provided in two pieces. And an anti-lift plate that prevents the outer cover or the inner cover from being lifted.

  The cardboard box disassembly apparatus according to claim 9 is the cardboard box disassembly apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cardboard box disassembly apparatus detects a position of the cardboard box to be conveyed. A position detection sensor is provided, and the pressing start timing of the pressing mechanism and the conveyance stop timing of the cardboard box are set based on the position information of the cardboard box detected by the position inspection sensor. It is what.

  The cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 10 is the corrugated cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the corrugated cardboard box disassembling position moves up and down in conjunction with the lifting and lowering operation of the pressing mechanism. A positioning stopper that switches between positioning and release of positioning is provided.

A cardboard box disassembling method according to claim 11 of the present invention is a cardboard box disassembling method for disassembling an assembled cardboard box in a flat unfolded state, wherein the outer cover of one opening of the cardboard box A disassembly preparation process in which the inner lid is folded inward and the cardboard box is brought into a disassembly position, and the outer lid and the inner lid are pressed against at least one bent portion of the corrugated cardboard box. The front plate, the back plate, and the left side are pushed by spreading the outer lid or the inner lid and the front plate, the back plate, the left side plate or the right side plate that are connected by the bent portion. It is characterized by comprising a pressing breakage step of simultaneously breaking at least one set of connection sides provided one on each of the plate or the right side plate.
A cardboard box disassembly method according to claim 12 of the present invention is the cardboard box disassembly method according to claim 11, wherein the position of the cardboard box to be disassembled is fixed at least when the connecting side is broken by the pressing plate. It has the holding process which hold | maintains this attitude | position, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

And the following effects are acquired by the said means. That is, according to the cardboard box disassembling apparatus of the present invention, the pressing plate is applied to at least one bent portion of the cardboard box and pushed outward to tear the connecting edges at both ends of the bent portion. Can be broken. Therefore, the waste disposal of the cutting waste, which becomes a problem when the cardboard box is disassembled using the cutter board, becomes unnecessary, and the generation of paper dust does not occur.
In addition, the one set of connecting edges can be broken at the same time by a single operation of pushing the folded part outward, so the time required for the cardboard box to be disassembled can be greatly reduced, and the cardboard box can be disassembled with a complicated structure. There is no need to introduce expensive equipment.

  And a pressing plate that swings the pressing mechanism around the swinging fulcrum, a lifting support frame that is connected to the pressing plate via the swinging fulcrum, and a lifting cylinder that moves the lifting support frame up and down. In this case, it is possible to provide a pressing mechanism that is simple in structure and inexpensive.

Further, the swing fulcrum is provided at an appropriate position along the conveying direction with the center of gravity on the other end side of the press plate, and the position of the first contact point where the press plate contacts the bent portion is set to be higher than the press plate. When the position of the second contact point at which the pressing plate contacts the bottom of the cardboard box is set at a position near the other end of the pressing plate, the pressing plate depends on the position of its center of gravity. Centering on the swing fulcrum, the other end is in contact with the bent portion in an inclined posture so as to be displaced downward. As a result, at the first contact point, the force in the direction of expanding the bent portion outwardly acts effectively, and the connection side breaks smoothly.
Further, in addition to the pressing operation on the bent portion by the pressing plate, at the end of the pressing operation, a portion near the other end of the pressing plate contacts the bottom of the cardboard box, and the contact point (second contact point) is a fulcrum. As a result, a force that rotates outwardly acts. This force is based on the “leverage principle” in which the swinging fulcrum is applied to the pressing plate, the first contact point near one end of the pressing plate is the working point, and the second contact point near the other end of the pressing plate is the fulcrum. Therefore, the connection side can be smoothly broken with a small force.

In addition, when the first stopper that holds the inclined posture of the pressing plate during lifting is provided between the pressing plate and the lifting support frame, the angle when the pressing plate contacts the bent portion is constant, The force that pushes the bent part outward is stably transmitted to the bent part.
Further, when the pressing plate is provided with the second stopper that holds the horizontal posture when the pressing plate reaches the lower end, excessive pressing of the pressing plate can be prevented, and the pressing plate is pressed at the end of the pressing operation. The entire lower surface of the cardboard can be pressed against the cardboard box to flatten the cardboard box.

In addition, when using two pressing plates to simultaneously spread two opposing bent parts outward, connect the front plate, back plate, left side plate, and right side plate of the cardboard box. It becomes possible to break all four connecting sides at once, and it becomes possible to further shorten the time for dismantling the cardboard box.
In addition, since the same force in the opposite direction acting toward the outside acts on the two opposing bent portions at the same timing, the direction in which the bent portions face during the dismantling operation of the cardboard box The effect of preventing the displacement of the cardboard box that occurs in the above can also be obtained.

In addition, when the connection side is broken by the pressing plate, the holding mechanism functions to fix the position of the cardboard box and the posture of the cardboard box is held. To be implemented.
Also, as a holding mechanism, an outer cover that acts on the outer surface of the cardboard box to hold the cardboard box from the outside, and an inner presser that enters the inner space of the cardboard box and holds the cardboard box from the inside when the connecting side is broken In the case of adopting a configuration including at least a member, it is possible to prevent displacement of the cardboard box in the width direction or the depth direction during the breaking operation of the connection side.

  In addition, the inner pressing member is provided with two inner pressing members that act on both ends of the front plate and the back plate or the right side plate and the left side plate in positions opposite to each other in the direction intersecting the direction in which the bent portion exists. When the cardboard box is positioned by the four inner pressing plates, the outer lid or the inner cover during the pressing operation by the pressing plate is provided. The lifting of the lid is prevented by the two anti-lifting plates, and the posture of the cardboard box is held by these four inner pressing plates and the two anti-lifting plates, and the holding power of the cardboard box Will improve.

  Also, a position detection sensor for detecting the position of the cardboard box to be conveyed is provided, and the pressing start timing of the pressing mechanism and the cardboard box conveyance stop timing are set based on the position information of the cardboard box detected by the position detection sensor. In such a case, the cardboard box is simply placed on the transport device and transported, and the cardboard box is stopped at a predetermined dismantling position, the position is fixed by the holding mechanism, and the posture is maintained, and the pressing is performed. The mechanism performs a pressing and breaking operation so that the cardboard boxes are continuously and automatically disassembled.

  In addition, when a configuration including a positioning stopper that positions and releases the dismantling position of the cardboard box by projecting in conjunction with the lifting operation of the pressing mechanism, the cardboard box has reached the dismantling position. At that time, the positioning stopper protrudes, the cardboard box is positioned in the conveying direction, and the cardboard box is dismantled.After the dismantling operation is completed, the positioning stopper quickly retracts and the cardboard box is carried out to the outside. It is possible to continuously execute the operation.

Also, according to the cardboard box disassembly method of the present invention, the corrugated cardboard box is brought into the disassembly position with the outer lid and the inner lid of one opening folded inward in the disassembly preparation process, and pressed in the press breaking process. Since the plate is allowed to act on at least one bent portion and at least one set of connection sides at both ends of the bent portion can be broken at the same time, no scraps or chips are generated when the cardboard box is disassembled, and the structure is complicated. Therefore, the cardboard box can be disassembled in a short time without introducing an expensive apparatus, and the dismantling operation of the cardboard box can be performed efficiently and with little effort.
In addition, since the position of the cardboard box is fixed and the posture of the cardboard box is maintained at least when the connection side is broken by the pressing plate in the holding process, the connection side is broken and stably performed by the pressing plate. Is done.

It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a front view which shows the whole structure of the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a sectional side view which shows the whole structure of the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which shows the whole structure of the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a front view which expands and shows the principal part of the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a sectional side view which expands and shows the principal part of the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which expands and shows the principal part of the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a sectional side view which shows the operation | movement aspect of the press mechanism in the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is a front view which shows the operation | movement aspect of the holding mechanism in the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box. It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention, and is explanatory drawing which shows typically the flow until the cardboard box of the assembled state is demolished flatly. It is a figure which shows other embodiment of this invention, and is a sectional side view which shows the operation | movement aspect of the press mechanism in the dismantling apparatus of a cardboard box.

The configuration of the cardboard box disassembling apparatus of the present invention and the contents of the cardboard box disassembling method of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 as an example.
In the following description, an outline of the overall configuration of the cardboard box dismantling apparatus according to the present invention will be described first based on FIGS. Next, a specific configuration of a main part of the cardboard box dismantling apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, and executed by using the cardboard box disassembling apparatus based on FIGS. 7, 8, and 10. The contents of the method for disassembling the cardboard box according to the present invention will be specifically described according to the flow of dismantling the cardboard box.

(1) Overview of the overall configuration of the cardboard box dismantling device (see FIGS. 1 to 3)
A cardboard box disassembling apparatus 1 according to the present invention is an apparatus for converting an assembled cardboard box A0 into a flat unfolded cardboard box A3, which includes a pressing mechanism 5 including a pressing plate 3. It is basically composed of
The pressing mechanism 5 acts on at least one bent portion 15 of the cardboard box A1 in a state where the outer lid 11 and the inner lid 13 of one opening 9 are bent inward, and is connected by the bent portion 15. The outer cover 11 to the inner cover 13, the front plate 17, the back plate 19, the left side plate 21 to the right side plate 23 are pushed outward to spread the front plate 17, the back plate 19, the left side plate 21 to the right side plate 23. This is a mechanism provided with a pressing plate 3 that simultaneously breaks at least one set of connecting sides 25 provided one at each end.

In the present embodiment, as the pressing mechanism 5, the pressing plate 3 that swings within a range of a predetermined angle around the swinging fulcrum 27, and the lift that is connected to the pressing plate 3 via the swinging fulcrum 27. A mechanism including a support frame 29 and a lift cylinder 35 to which the tip of a cylinder rod 31 is attached to the lift support frame 29 and moves the lift support frame 29 up and down within a predetermined stroke range is employed.
In the present embodiment, the two pressing plates 3A and 3B are simultaneously applied to the two opposing bent portions 15A and 15B located in the transport direction Y, and are pushed in opposite directions at the same timing. A press configured to be able to simultaneously break the four connection sides 25, 25B, 25C, 25D formed between the front plate 17, the back plate 19, the left side plate 21, and the right side plate 23 by spreading. Mechanism 5 is employed.

Specifically, the pressing plates 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B are provided with a tray-like support frame 37 whose upper surface is opened at the center in the width direction X, and the width direction formed on the left and right sides of the support frame 37. Using a long hole 39 extending to X, two rectangular flat plate-like expansion plates 41L and 41R are attached to the left and right sides of the support frame 37 using bolts and nuts 43, respectively.
Further, two side plates 45L, 45R raised upward are provided on the left and right sides of the support frame 37, and the above-described swing fulcrum 27 is provided for the side plates 45L, 45R.

The elevating support frame 29 is constituted by a rigid frame having a cross shape in plan view, which includes a plurality of ribs 47 and a bottom plate 49 raised upward as an example. On the bottom plate 49, five spaces defined by the plurality of ribs 49 are provided, and a tip of a cylinder rod 31 of an elevating cylinder 35 to be described later is attached using a central space among them. ing.
In addition, two guide rods 51L and 51R that guide the movement of the lifting support frame 29 in the vertical direction Z from the left and right spaces of the central space are raised upward in the vertical direction.
The space before and after the central space is a space that is long in the transport direction Y, and the overhanging portion that projects outward in the width direction X is formed on the bottom plate 49 that closes the space before and after the center space. 53L and 53R are provided.

The overhanging portions 53L and 53R are formed with elongated holes 55 extending in the transport direction Y. The elongated holes 55 are used to horizontally extend the swing shaft 57 at the lower end in the width direction X. The screw shafts 60 at the tips of the two extension rods 59 are attached to each other by fitting nuts 61 and tightening them.
The elevating cylinder 35 is attached to the top surface frame material 64 of the main body support frame 63 assembled in a rectangular frame shape with the cylinder rod 31 facing downward. Two rod holders 65 and 65 for individually supporting the two guide rods 51L and 51R described above are provided.

In addition, a transparent synthetic resin panel 67 is attached to the outer surface of the main body support frame 63 as an example for visually recognizing the inside from the outside, and the front and rear panels 67 are prepared for disassembly. Opening portions 69 are formed for carrying in the cardboard box A1 and carrying out the flat cardboard box A3 after dismantling.
In this embodiment, a belt conveyor 71 is provided as an example of a conveying means for the cardboard boxes A1, A2, A3 so as to be bridged between the two openings 69. It is arranged to jump out.

  The main body support frame 63 is divided into an upper chamber 75 and a lower chamber 77 in which a disassembly work is performed by an intermediate frame member 73. In the lower chamber 77, the elevating cylinder 35 is driven by the elevating cylinder 35 described above. A tank 78 and a compressor 79 for supplying compressed air to be stored are accommodated, and controls for controlling various operations of the elevating cylinder 35 and the belt conveyor 71 are provided on the outer surface of the lower chamber 77 on the front side or the rear side. A box 81 is arranged.

Specific configuration of main part of cardboard box dismantling apparatus (see FIGS. 4 to 6)
In the present embodiment, the swing fulcrum 27 provided with respect to the support frame 37 of the pressing plate 3 is provided at an appropriate position along the transport direction Y where the center of gravity comes to the other end 3b side of the pressing plate 3. The position of the first contact point 83 where the pressing plate 3 contacts the bent portion 15 is set to a position closer to the one end 3a of the pressing plate 3 than the swing fulcrum 27. The position of the second contact point 85 that contacts the inner surface of the outer cover 11 or the inner cover 13 that reaches the lower end and closes the other opening 10 of the cardboard box A2 in the middle of disassembly is near the other end 3b of the pressing plate 3. It is set to be a position.

Further, between the pressing plate 3 and the lifting support frame 29, a first stopper 87 that holds the tilting posture of the pressing plate 3 during lifting and a second stopper that holds the horizontal posture of the pressing plate 3 reaching the lower end. 89.
Of these, the first stopper 87 is provided on the elevating support frame 29 side as an example, and the stopper main body 99 having the contact portion 95 at the tip and the support of the pressing plate 3 as an example of the position where the contact portion 95 contacts. And a stopper receiving seat 101 provided for the frame 37. The stopper main body 99 is a rectangular flat plate portion 97 attached to the elevating support frame 29, and an example of a circular pipe member arranged horizontally at the tip of the flat plate portion 97 along the width direction X. It is comprised by providing the said contact part 95 comprised.

Further, two bottom holes 91 extending along the transport direction Y are formed in the bottom plate 49 of the bottom portion of the space projecting forward and backward in the transport direction Y of the elevating support frame 29. And the flat plate part 97 of the stopper main body 99 mentioned above using these two long holes 91 is attached using a bolt and a nut 93.
On the other hand, the second stopper 89 is, for example, a rectangular block-shaped stopper main body 103 provided on the upper surface on the other end 3b side of the pressing plate 3, and the lower surface of the bottom plate 49 of the lifting support frame 33 at a position where the stopper main body 103 abuts. It is comprised by providing the stopper seat 105 provided in this.

In the present embodiment, although not essential, a holding mechanism 7 that holds the position of the cardboard box by fixing the positions of the cardboard boxes A1 and A2 to be disassembled at least when the connecting side 25 is broken by the pressing plate 3 is provided. Is provided.
In the present embodiment, as the holding mechanism 7, the outer cover 107 that acts on the outer surfaces of the right and left plates 23 and 21 of the cardboard boxes A 1 and A 2 to hold the cardboard boxes A 1 and A 2 from the outside, and the pressing plate 3. And an inner pressing member 109 that enters the inner space of the cardboard box A1 and holds the cardboard box A1 from the inside when the connecting side 25 is broken.
Further, in the present embodiment, a position detection sensor 117 for detecting the position of the cardboard box A1 to be conveyed is provided, and the above-described pressing is performed based on the position information of the cardboard box A1 detected by the position detection sensor 117. The pressing start timing of the mechanism 5 and the conveyance stop timing of the cardboard box A1 are set.

The outer cover 107 is disposed on the left and right of the upper space of the belt conveyor 71 disposed in the upper chamber 75 of the main body support frame 63 described above, and is configured by a flat plate member whose lower end is bent slightly inward. Has been. The front and rear ends of the outer cover 107 are formed so as to protrude somewhat outward from the opening 69 formed in the front and back panels 67.
Further, the inner pressing member 109 acts on both end portions of the right side plate 23 and the left side plate 21 at positions facing each other in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the bent portions 15A and 15B on which the pressing plate 3 acts. The inner pressing plates 113L and 113R provided one by one and the anti-lifting plates 115L and 115R provided between the inner pressing plates 113L and 113R provided two by two are configured.

  Of these, the inner pressing plates 113L and 113R are rectangular flat members as an example, which are provided by using mounting brackets raised on the outer edges of the left and right expansion plates 41L and 41R of the pressing plate 3 described above. is there. In addition, the lifting prevention plates 115L and 115R are attached to the outer wall surface of the above-described space that protrudes to the left and right of the elevating support frame 29, and are rectangular as an example in which the upper half is bent outward. It is a flat member. The anti-lift plate 115 lifts up the outer lid 11 or the inner lid 13 bent inward from the bent portion 15 at the upper edge of the left side plate 21 and the right side plate 23 as described above. The tip of the lift prevention plate 115 bent in contact with the outer lid 11 or the inner lid 13 has a role of preventing these lifts.

(3) Contents of the cardboard box dismantling method (see FIGS. 7, 8 and 9)
Next, the contents of the cardboard box disassembling method of the present invention executed by using the cardboard box disassembling apparatus 1 of the present invention configured as described above will be described as the dismantling of the cardboard boxes A0, A1, A2, A3. A specific description will be given with reference to FIG.
That is, the cardboard box disassembly method of the present invention is a method of disassembling the assembled cardboard box A0 into a flat unfolded cardboard box A3, which includes a disassembly preparation process P1, a pressure breaking process P2, and a holding mechanism P3. Are basically configured.

The dismantling preparation process P1 is a process of carrying the folded cardboard box A1 into the dismantling position with the outer lid 11 and the inner lid 13 of one opening 9 of the cardboard box A0 folded inward.
Specifically, the two outer lids 11 and the two inner lids 13 of one opening 9 of the cardboard box A0 are folded inward, so that the front plate 17, the back plate 19, the left side plate 21 or the right side plate 23 are Make contact with the inner surface. Further, according to the size of the cardboard box A1 to be disassembled, the positions of the left and right expansion plates 41L and 41R in the width direction X and the positions of the stopper main body 99 of the first stopper 87 and the pressing plate 3 in the transport direction Y are long. Adjustment is made within the range of the length of the holes 39, 55, 91. Then, the cardboard box A1 in which the outer lid 11 and the inner lid 13 are folded inward in this way is placed on the belt conveyor 71 and directed from one opening 69 of the main body support frame 63 toward the dismantling position in the upper chamber 75. Transport.

The current position information of the cardboard box A1 is detected by the position detection sensor 117 in the middle of the cardboard box A1 toward the dismantling position. Based on this position information, the motor 72 of the belt conveyor 71 is stopped at a predetermined conveyance stop timing. Further, the pressing mechanism 5 starts the pressing breaking operation based on the position information. And the cylinder rod 31 of the raising / lowering cylinder 35 will be extended below at the timing which reaches | attains a dismantling position, and the press fracture process P2 is performed.
Here, the pressure breaking step P2 is performed by causing the front and rear pressing plates 3A and 3B to act on the bent portions 15A and 15B on the front plate 17 side and the back plate 19 side of the cardboard box A1 that has reached the dismantling position. In this step, the four connecting sides 25A, 25B, 25C, and 25D are simultaneously broken by pushing outward in Y.

Specifically, when the cylinder rod 31 of the elevating cylinder 35 extends and the elevating support frame 29 moves downward by a predetermined stroke, it swings around the swing fulcrum 27 and the tilt angle is set by the first stopper 87. The pressing plate 3 is also moved by the same stroke, and the first contact point 83 of the pressing plate 3 contacts the bent portions 15A and 15B.
When the cylinder rod 31 of the elevating cylinder 35 further extends from this state and the elevating support frame 29 and the pressing plate 3 move downward, the front plate 17 and the back plate 19 connected by the bent portions 15A and 15B, A force that pushes the outer lid 11 to the inner lid 13 outward in the transport direction Y acts, and the breaking of the four connection sides 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D is started.

When the cylinder rod 31 of the lift cylinder 35 further expands and the second contact point 85 near the other end 3b of the pressing plate 3 contacts the bottom of the cardboard box A2 being disassembled, the pressing plate 3 becomes the second contact point. The rotation of the pressing plate 3 is stopped when the horizontal position defined by the second stopper 89 is reached.
As a result, the pressing plate 3 functions as a “lever”, and the front plate 17 and the back plate 19 are connected to each other through the bent portions 15A and 15B by the large force obtained. The cardboard box A0 is completely disassembled with the lid 13 in a flat unfolded state.

In addition, the holding step P3 is executed at substantially the same timing as the pressing breaking process P2 is executed and the pressing mechanism 5 starts the pressing breaking action, and the holding mechanism 7 starts the holding operation.
Here, the holding step P3 is a step of holding the position of the cardboard box A1 by fixing the position of the cardboard box A1 to be disassembled at least when the connecting side 25 is broken by the pressing plate 3.

  Specifically, the extension of the cylinder rod 31 of the elevating cylinder 35 advances, and the first contact point 83 of the pressing plate 3 contacts the bent portion 15A on the front plate 17 side and the bent portion 15B on the back plate 19 side. At the timing, the left and right inner pressing plates 113 attached to the left and right extension plates 41 of the pressing plate 3 enter the inner space of the cardboard box A1. In this state, as shown in FIG. 8, the left side plate 21 and the right side plate 23 of the cardboard box A1 are held so as to be sandwiched between the outer cover 107 positioned on the outer side and the inner pressing plate 113 positioned on the inner side. Positioning in the width direction X of the cardboard box A1 is executed.

  When the cylinder rod 31 of the elevating cylinder 35 is further extended, the elevating support frame 29 also enters the cardboard box A1, and the lifting prevention plate 115 attached to the elevating support frame 29 is provided with the left side plate 21 and the right side plate. 23 and the outer lid 11 or the inner lid 13 bent inwardly connected to each other through the bent portions 15C and 15D, and the floating of these is prevented.

Hereinafter, the holding mechanism described above continues until the end of the dismantling of the cardboard box A2, and the cylinder rod 31 of the elevating cylinder 35 starts to contract at the timing when the dismantling of the cardboard box A2 ends. Further, as the contraction of the cylinder rod 31 progresses, the lifting prevention plate 115, the inner pressing plate 113, and the pressing plate 3 start moving toward the upper standby position.
When the positioning stopper 111 is moved to the retracted position, the pressing plate 3 is lifted and the pressing action by the pressing plate 3 is released, the belt conveyor 71 starts to drive, and the disassembled cardboard box A3 is removed from the outside. To be taken out. Note that the cardboard box A3 carried out to the outside is in a flat unfolded state with its bottom portion being closed by packing tape, staples, or the like.

According to the cardboard box disassembling apparatus and the disassembling method according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the burden on the used paper supplier and the operator can be reduced by realizing the efficient and trouble-free dismantling of the cardboard box A0. be able to. Further, since no cutting waste or paper dust is produced during disassembly, the cardboard box A0 can be disassembled in a comfortable and trouble-free working environment.
Furthermore, since the structure of the apparatus can be simplified and the size can be reduced, it can contribute to the reduction of the product cost.

(4) Other Embodiments The cardboard box disassembling apparatus and the disassembling method of the present invention are not limited to those of the above-described embodiments, and can be changed within the gist of the invention.
For example, the conveying means for conveying the cardboard box A1 is not limited to the belt conveyor 71 employed in the above-described embodiment, and may be a roller conveyor 119 as shown in FIG. Further, the configuration of the first stopper 87 and the second stopper 89 is not limited to the configuration adopted in the above-described embodiment, and a configuration as shown in FIG. 10 can also be adopted. Incidentally, in FIG. 10, the stopper main body 99 of the first stopper 87 is provided on the pressing plate 3 side, and the stopper receiving seat 101 of the first stopper 87 is arranged on the lifting support frame 29 side.

  In FIG. 10, a sensor (not shown) such as a limit switch for detecting the position of the cylinder rod 31 of the lifting cylinder 35 is provided, and a positioning stopper 111 that appears and disappears in conjunction with the lifting operation of the pressing mechanism 5 detected by the sensor. A configuration provided is disclosed. In the illustrated embodiment, the positioning stopper 111 is disposed in the gap between the rollers 121 of the roller conveyor 119, the dismantling positions of the cardboard boxes A1 and A2 are positioned in a state of protruding upward, and the state is retracted downward. The positioning of the cardboard boxes A1 and A2 is released.

In addition, the pressing mechanism 5 is not necessarily provided on both the front plate 17 side and the back plate 19 side, but can be provided on only one of them, and either or both of the left side plate 21 side and the right side plate 23 side. It can be provided only on one side.
Incidentally, when the pressing mechanism 5 is provided only at one of the opposing positions, after the connection side 25 on one side is completely broken, the direction of the cardboard box A2 is changed and the other connection side 25 is broken. Like that.
In this case, the time required for the disassembly increases because the number of steps required for the disassembly of the cardboard box A0 increases. However, the disassembly of a plurality of cardboard boxes A0 having the same width and different lengths is attached to the pressing plate 3 and the first stopper 87. There is an advantage that can be executed without changing the position.

  The elevating cylinder 35 is not limited to an air cylinder that uses air pressure, and may be a hydraulic cylinder or a motor cylinder. Further, the holding mechanism 7 does not necessarily include all of the outer cover 107, the inner pressing plate 113, and the anti-lifting plate 115 described above. It is also possible to adopt a mechanism. Alternatively, the position of the cardboard box may be fixed by holding an appropriate position such as the bottom of the cardboards A1 and A2 by using an elevating cylinder and the posture of the cardboard box may be maintained.

  The cardboard box disassembling apparatus and method according to the present invention can be used at a dismantling site of a cardboard box in which the assembled cardboard box is disassembled into a flat unfolded state, and particularly efficiently with a simple configuration. It has applicability when it is desired to dismantle the cardboard box while maintaining the environment without generating it.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cardboard box disassembly apparatus 3 Press plate 3a One end 3b The other end 5 Press mechanism 7 Holding mechanism 9 (One) opening 10 (Other) opening 11 Outer cover 13 Inner cover 15 Bending part 17 Front plate 19 Back plate 21 Left side Plate 23 Right side plate 25 Connection side 27 Oscillating fulcrum 29 Lifting support frame 31 Cylinder rod 35 Lifting cylinder 37 Support frame 39 Long hole 41 Expansion plate 43 Bolt, nut 45 Side plate 47 Rib 49 Bottom plate 51 Guide rod 53 Overhang portion 55 Long hole 57 Oscillating shaft 59 Extension rod 60 Screw shaft 61 Nut 63 Main body support frame 64 (top) frame material 65 Rod holder 67 Panel 69 Opening 71 Belt conveyor 72 Motor 73 (Intermediate) frame material 75 Upper chamber 77 Lower chamber 78 Tank 79 Compressor 81 Control box 83 First contact point 85 Second contact point 87 First stopper 89 2 Stopper 91 Long hole 93 Bolt and nut 95 Abutting part 97 Flat part 99 Stopper body 101 Stopper receiving seat 103 Stopper main body 105 Stopper receiving seat 107 Outer cover 109 Inner pressing member 111 Positioning stopper 113 Inner pressing plate 115 Lifting prevention plate 117 Position detection sensor 119 Roller conveyor 121 Roller A0 Cardboard box A1 (as assembled) Cardboard box A2 (prepared for dismantling) Cardboard box A3 (dismantling) cardboard box X (disassembled) Cardboard box X Width direction Y Transport Direction Z Vertical direction P1 Dismantling preparation process P2 Press fracture process P3 Holding process

Claims (12)

A cardboard box dismantling device for disassembling an assembled cardboard box into a flat unfolded state,
An outer lid that acts on at least one bent portion of the cardboard box and is connected by the bent portion using a cardboard box in which the outer lid and inner lid of one opening are bent inward Or by connecting the inner lid and the front plate, back plate, left side plate or right side plate outwardly, one connection edge provided on each end of the front plate, back plate, left side plate or right side plate. A cardboard box dismantling apparatus comprising a pressing mechanism including a pressing plate for simultaneously breaking at least one set. The pressing mechanism includes a pressing plate that swings in a range of a predetermined angle around a swing fulcrum;
A lifting support frame connected to the pressing plate via the swing fulcrum;
The corrugated cardboard box according to claim 1, further comprising: an elevating cylinder having a tip of a cylinder rod attached to the elevating support frame and moving the elevating support frame up and down within a predetermined stroke range. Demolition device.   The swing fulcrum is provided at an appropriate position along the conveying direction with the center of gravity on the other end side of the pressing plate, and the position of the first contact point where the pressing plate contacts the bent portion is It is set at a position closer to one end of the pressing plate than the swing fulcrum, and the pressing plate reaches the lower end and contacts the inner surface of the outer lid or inner lid that closes the other opening of the cardboard box. The cardboard box disassembling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the position of the two contact points is set so as to be closer to the other end of the pressing plate.   Between the pressing plate and the lifting support frame, there are provided a first stopper that holds the tilting posture of the pressing plate during lifting and a second stopper that holds the horizontal posture of the pressing plate that has reached the lower end. The cardboard box dismantling apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that   The pressing mechanism causes two pressing plates to act simultaneously on the two opposing bent portions and spreads them in opposite directions at the same timing, thereby allowing the front plate, the back plate, the left side plate, and the right side. The cardboard box dismantling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the four connection sides formed between the plates and the board can be broken at the same time.   6. A holding mechanism for holding the position of the cardboard box by fixing the position of the cardboard box to be disassembled at least when the connecting side is broken by the pressing plate. Cardboard box dismantling device. The holding mechanism acts on the outer surface of the front plate and back plate or right side plate and left side plate of the cardboard box to hold the cardboard box from the outside, and
The cardboard box according to claim 6, further comprising an inner pressing member that enters the inner space of the cardboard box and holds the cardboard box from the inside when the connecting side is broken by the pressing plate. Dismantling device. The inner pressing member acts on both ends of the front plate and the back plate or the right side plate and the left side plate at positions facing each other in the direction intersecting with the direction in which the bent portion where the pressing plate acts is present, An inner holding plate provided two by two,
It is provided by being provided in the middle of the above-mentioned two inner pressing plates, and includes an outer lid that is bent inward or a lifting prevention plate that prevents the inner lid from lifting. The cardboard box dismantling apparatus according to claim 7.   The cardboard box disassembling apparatus is provided with a position detection sensor for detecting the position of the cardboard box to be conveyed, and the pressing mechanism presses based on the position information of the cardboard box detected by the position inspection sensor. The cardboard box dismantling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a start timing and a cardboard box conveyance stop timing are set.   The cardboard box disassembling device includes a positioning stopper that switches between positioning of the cardboard box disassembling position and release of positioning by moving up and down in conjunction with the lifting and lowering operation of the pressing mechanism. The cardboard box dismantling apparatus according to any one of 1 to 8. A cardboard box disassembly method for disassembling an assembled cardboard box into a flat unfolded state,
A disassembly preparation step of carrying the cardboard box into a disassembly position with the outer lid and inner cover of one opening of the cardboard box folded inward;
A pressing plate is applied to at least one bent portion of the cardboard box in a state where the outer lid and the inner lid are bent inward, and an outer lid or an inner lid connected by the bent portion, a front plate, Pressing the front plate, the back plate, the left side plate, or the right side plate to spread at least one pair of connecting edges at the same time by pushing the back plate, the left side plate, or the right side plate outward. Breaking process;
A method of dismantling a cardboard box, comprising:   The cardboard box disassembling method according to claim 11, further comprising a holding step of fixing a position of the cardboard box to be disassembled and holding the posture of the cardboard box at least when the connecting side is broken by the pressing plate. .

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