JP2017104022A - Agricultural implement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agricultural implement optimized in the shape of a shield cover and having a high clod breaking property.SOLUTION: An agricultural implement according to one embodiment of the invention comprises: a tillage rotor; and a shield cover covering the tillage rotor and having a plurality of clod breaking walls on the side where the tillage rotor is arranged, characterized: in that the clod breaking walls individually extend in the direction of the rotation axis of the tillage rotor; and in that the angle made on the acute angle side from a horizontal plane at a tilling working time is 70° to 85°.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural machine that is mounted on a rear portion of a tractor so as to be movable up and down and includes a tilling rotor. In particular, the present invention relates to the shape of a shield cover included in an agricultural machine.

  A farming machine mounted on the rear part of a tractor through a three-point link hitch mechanism so as to be able to move up and down has a tilling rotor to which a plurality of tilling claws are attached, and the tilling rotor rotates by receiving power from the tractor.

  In farm machines equipped with a tilling rotor in which a plurality of tilling claws, etc. are arranged around the rotary shaft, the soil that the tilling claws jump up is prevented from reaching the farm machine main body, and the tilling performance (especially soil crushing) is improved. In order to achieve this, a shield cover is fixed above the tilling rotor. The shield cover extends in the width direction of the agricultural machine main body, and is supported by a transmission frame that transmits power to the rotary shaft and a support frame that is continuous with the transmission frame across the gear box.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a vertical guide plate (crushing wall) is provided at the front end of a cover body (shield cover). The soil thrown up by the tilling claws collides with the vertical guide plate (crushed wall) of the mud scattering prevention body and is crushed, thereby improving the crushed property of the agricultural machine.

JP-A-9-107704

  The structure of the cover body (shield cover) is intended to prevent the mud from splashing due to the mud falling by the tilling claws and the shape of the crushed wall is not fully optimized The effect of the crushed wall is not sufficient. Furthermore, there is a concern that the cover body (shield cover) may be deformed due to repeated collisions of earth and sand that are flipped up by the tilling claws.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural machine that has a shield cover that is optimized in shape and has high crushed nature.

  A farm working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tilling rotor and a shield cover that covers the tilling rotor and has a plurality of breaking walls on the side where the tilling rotor is disposed, and each of the plurality of breaking walls includes a tilling rotor. The angle on the acute angle side formed with the horizontal plane at the time of tillage work is 70 ° or more and 85 ° or less.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the shape of a shield cover is optimized and the agricultural working machine which has high crushed property can be provided.

It is a perspective view explaining the composition of the agricultural machine concerning this embodiment. It is a top view explaining the structure of the agricultural machine concerning this embodiment. It is a side view explaining the composition of the agricultural machine concerning this embodiment. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the agricultural machine concerning this embodiment. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the shield cover which the agricultural machine concerning this embodiment has.

<First Embodiment>
In the present embodiment, a description will be given by exemplifying a farm work machine 10 particularly for scratching work. However, the configuration of the farm work machine 10 to be described later is not limited to this, and can also be applied to a farm work machine for plowing and leveling work.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the agricultural machine 10 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1, 2, 3, and 4 are a perspective view, a top view, a side view, and a cross-sectional view, respectively, for explaining the configuration of the agricultural working machine 10 according to the present embodiment.

  The farm work machine 10 according to the present embodiment has a three-part structure including a central working unit 10C, an extended working unit left 10L, and an extended working unit right 10R. The central working unit 10 </ b> C is disposed in the central part of the agricultural work machine 10. The extension work part left 10L and the extension work part right 10R are attached to both left and right ends of the central work part 10C so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.

  The central working unit 10C includes a top mast 12, a lower link connecting unit 14, an input shaft 16, a transmission frame 20, a support frame 22, a tilling rotor 28, a shield cover 34, a leveling plate 42, and a link mechanism. Part 44.

  The top mast 12 and the lower link connecting portion 14 are respectively provided at the front center portion and the front left and right two locations of the central working portion 10C. The top mast 12 and the lower link connecting portions 14 provided at the two left and right locations are respectively connected to the top link of the tractor (not shown) and the lower links (three point link hitch mechanisms) provided at the two left and right locations. It is attached to the rear part of the tractor so that it can be raised and lowered.

  The input shaft 16 is housed in a gear box 18 provided at the front center portion of the central working portion 10C and protrudes forward. Power is transmitted to the input shaft 16 from the PTO shaft of the tractor via a universal joint, a transmission shaft, and the like.

  The transmission frame 20 and the support frame 22 also serve as a main body frame, and extend horizontally on the left and right sides of the gear box 18. The transmission frame 20 includes a transmission shaft 21 (not shown). The support frame 22 does not include the transmission shaft 21 and may be hollow. A chain transmission case 24 is suspended from the side end portion of the transmission frame 20, and a side frame 26 is suspended from the side end portion of the support frame 22 so as to face the chain transmission case 24.

  The tilling rotor 28 includes a rotary shaft 30 and a plurality of tilling claws 32. The rotary shaft 30 is pivoted between the lower end portion of the chain transmission case 24 and the lower end portion of the side frame 26. The plurality of tilling claws 32 are detachably attached around the rotary shaft 30. The power transmitted from the tractor to the input shaft 16 is shifted in the gear box 18, the transmission shaft 21 is rotated, the rotary shaft 30 is rotationally driven via the chain transmission case 24, and the tilling rotor 28 is rotated in a predetermined direction. It is configured to perform tillage work. The rotary shaft 30 may include an attachment flange, and the plurality of tilling claws 32 may be detachably attached to the attachment flange.

  The shield cover 34 is disposed between the lower part of the transmission frame 20 and the side frame 26 and covers the tilling rotor 28. Hereinafter, the configuration of the shield cover 34 according to the present embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the agricultural working machine 10 according to the present embodiment, and particularly shows a cross section of the central working unit 10C. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the shield cover 34 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, the units of the numerical values indicating the distances and the lengths of the parts are all mm.

  The shield cover 34 covers the tilling rotor 28 and has a plurality of crushed walls 36 inside. Here, “inner side” is the side on which the tilling rotor 28 is disposed with respect to the shield cover 34. In the present embodiment, the two crushed walls 36 (the first crushed wall 36 a and the second crushed wall 36 b) are provided in the vicinity of the front end portion of the shield cover 34. The first crushed wall 36a and the second crushed wall 36b have three bent portions (first bent portion A, second bent portion B, and third bent portion C) in the vicinity of the front end portion of the shield cover 34. It is formed by being provided. The soil released by the tilling rotor 28 collides with the plurality of crushed walls 36 and is crushed by the accompanying impact.

  Each of the plurality of crushed walls 36 extends in the direction of the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28. In the present embodiment, each of the plurality of crushed walls 36 has an angle θ on the acute angle side with the horizontal plane 90 at the time of tillage work of 70 ° or more and 85 ° or less.

  When the angle formed between each of the plurality of crushed walls 36 and the horizontal plane 90 is smaller than the above range, the impact of the radiated soil from the plurality of crushed walls 36 becomes small, and the crushed property deteriorates. If the angle between each of the plurality of crushed walls 36 and the horizontal plane 90 is larger than the above range, the soil that collides with the crushed wall 36 is difficult to fall and accumulates on the crushed wall 36. Thereby, the crushed property deteriorates.

  In the present embodiment, the angle θ formed between the first and second crushed walls 36a and 36b and the horizontal plane 90 is 80 °. However, the angles formed by each of the plurality of crushed walls 36 and the horizontal plane 90 do not necessarily have to coincide with each other, and the respective angles may be different. In the present embodiment, the two crushed walls 36, the first crushed wall 36a and the second crushed wall 36b, are provided, but three or more crushed walls 36 may be provided.

  Moreover, in the cross section on the plane orthogonal to the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28, the length of each of the plurality of crushed soil walls 36 is preferably 40 mm or more and 70 mm or less.

  When the said length is shorter than the said range, the area where the soil laid by tillage work collides will become small, and the crushed property will deteriorate. When the said length is longer than the said range, the weight of the shield cover 34 will increase and the fuel consumption of an agricultural machine will deteriorate.

  In the present embodiment, the length is 68.5 mm for the first crushed wall 36a and 41.5 mm for the second crushed wall 36b.

  On the other hand, as can be seen from FIG. 4, for the second crushed wall 36 b, the distance OP between the plane P including the second crushed wall 36 b and the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28 is larger than the turning radius R of the tilling claw 32. small. In other words, the plane P passes through the inside of a circle with a radius R centered on the rotation axis O. Here, of the plane P including the second crushed wall 36b, the surface of the lower portion than the second crushed wall 36b passes through the inside of a circle with a radius R centering on the rotation axis O. In the present embodiment, the distance OP between the plane P and the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28 is 182.4 mm, and the turning radius R of the tilling claws 32 is 191.0 mm.

  Thus, at least one of the plurality of crushed walls 36 is preferably such that the distance OP between the plane P forming the crushed wall 36 and the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28 is smaller than the turning radius R of the tilling claws 32. .

  In addition, the plurality of crushed walls 36 are preferably arranged on the traveling direction side of the agricultural working machine 10 with respect to the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28.

  By having such a configuration, the soil released by the tilling work collides with the plurality of crushed walls 36 arranged on the traveling direction side of the agricultural machine 10, and further cultivates the soil falling from the plurality of crushed walls 36. Since the claw 32 can be finely crushed by the rotation of the claw 32, the crushing can be efficiently performed and the crushed property is improved.

  The difference between the minimum distance L from the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28 to the shield cover 34 and the rotation radius R of the tilling claw 32 is preferably 19 mm or more and 24 mm or less. In the present embodiment, the minimum distance L from the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28 to the shield cover 34 is 210.4 mm, and the rotation radius R of the tilling claw 32 is 191.0 mm, so the difference between them is 19.4 mm. is there.

  By having such a configuration, the difference becomes longer than that of the conventional shield cover. As a result, the distance traveled until the stone released by the tilling work collides with the shield cover 34 is increased, and the impact due to the collision can be mitigated. Thereby, deformation of the shield cover 34 can be suppressed. When the difference is smaller than the above range, the impact received by the shield cover 34 due to the collision of the released stone becomes strong, and the shield cover 34 is easily deformed. When the difference is larger than the above range, the shield cover 34 is enlarged, and the fuel efficiency of the agricultural machine is deteriorated.

  However, the rotation radius R of the tillage claw 32 may decrease as the wear associated with the tillage operation progresses. Therefore, the shield cover 34 may be designed as follows, paying attention to the positional relationship with the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28.

  That is, the minimum distance L from the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28 to the shield cover 34 is preferably 210 mm or more and 215 mm or less. In the present embodiment, the minimum distance is 210.4 mm.

  By having such a configuration, the minimum distance L is longer than that of the conventional shield cover. As a result, the distance traveled until the stone released by the tilling work collides with the shield cover 34 is increased, and the impact due to the collision can be mitigated. Thereby, deformation of the shield cover 34 can be suppressed. When the distance is smaller than the above range, the impact received by the shield cover 34 due to the collision of the released stone becomes strong, and the shield cover 34 is easily deformed. If the distance is larger than the above range, the shield cover 34 is enlarged, and the fuel efficiency of the agricultural machine is deteriorated.

  As a material of the shield cover 34, it is preferable to use high-tensile steel at least in part. High-strength steel is a high-strength steel material that can be welded. High-tensile steel suppresses the carbon content in the steel material and increases the manganese and silicon contents to increase the strength. Furthermore, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, or the like is added to increase the yield point and toughness. In the present embodiment, SAPH (Steel Automobile Press Hot) 440 is used as the high-tensile steel. The thickness of the shield cover 34 is 1.6 mm.

  By having such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the thickness while maintaining the same strength as when a conventional steel material is used. Thereby, the shield cover 34 can be reduced in weight, and the fuel efficiency of the agricultural working machine 10 is improved.

  Further, it is possible to increase the strength while maintaining the same thickness as that in the case of using a conventional steel material. Thereby, the deformation | transformation of the shield cover 34 by the stone laid by the tilling work can further be suppressed.

  The shield cover 34 preferably has a groove-like press rib 38 extending in the direction of the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28.

  In the present embodiment, groove-shaped press ribs 38 are provided at two locations on the shield cover 34. Each of the press ribs 38 has a convex shape protruding to the outside of the shield cover 34, and is composed of two planes. In other words, each of the press ribs 38 has a triangular shape. The width of each press rib 38 in the sectional view (the base of the triangle) is 29.9 mm, and the height of the top of the convex shape is 4 mm. As a result, the angle formed by the two planes is approximately 150 °.

  By having such a structure, the rigidity of the shield cover 34 can be ensured and deformation can be suppressed. In particular, it is possible to suppress deformation that breaks symmetry in the direction of the rotation axis O of the tilling rotor 28.

  The cross-sectional shape of the press rib 38 is not limited to the above-described triangular shape, and the above-described effects can be achieved as long as it has a convex shape. Here, the convex shape of the press rib 38 may be a shape protruding to the outside of the shield cover 34 or a shape protruding to the inside.

  The shield cover 34 preferably includes a cover member 40 that covers each of the plurality of crushed walls 36 from the outside (the side opposite to the side where the tilling rotor 28 is disposed). In the present embodiment, a cover member 40 is provided so as to cover the space between the first bent part A and the third bent part C.

  By having such a configuration, the durability of the shield cover 34 is improved, and deformation is less likely to appear on the appearance.

  The configuration of the shield cover 34 according to the present embodiment has been described in detail above. According to the shield cover 34 according to the present embodiment, the crushed property of the agricultural machine 10 is improved by the plurality of crushed walls 36. Furthermore, it is possible to mitigate the impact caused by the collision of stones released by tillage work, and to suppress the deformation of the shield cover 34.

  The leveling plate 42 is attached to the rear end of the shield cover 34. In the present embodiment, the leveling plate 42 includes a first leveling plate 42a and a second leveling plate 42b. The first leveling plate 42a is attached to the rear end portion of the shield cover 34 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and the rear side extends obliquely downward. The cultivated ground is leveled by the rear end of the first leveling plate 42a. The 2nd leveling board 42b is attached to the rear-end part of the 1st leveling board 42a, and is attached to the rear-end part of the 1st leveling board 42a so that rotation in the up-and-down direction is possible. The cultivated ground of the field is leveled more flatly by the second leveling plate 42b.

  One end portion of the link mechanism portion 44 is connected to the rear portion of the gear box 18, and the other end portion is connected to the upper surface of the second leveling plate 42b. The link mechanism 44 is movable in the vertical direction as the second leveling plate 42b rotates in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the link mechanism portion 44 includes a swing arm 46 and a connecting rod 48.

  One end of the swing arm 46 is pivotally connected to the rear portion of the gear box 18, and the other end extends to the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction and can swing in the vertical direction. Here, one end portion of the swing arm 46 is rotatably connected to the rear portion of the gear box 18 with a shaft portion 50 extending in the lateral direction as a rotation fulcrum.

  The connecting rod 48 is connected between the other end of the swing arm 46 and the upper surface of the second leveling plate 42b. That is, the swing arm 46 is connected to the second leveling plate 42 b via the connecting rod 48. Both ends of the connecting rod 48 are rotatably connected to the swing arm 46 and the second leveling plate 42b. For this reason, when the second leveling plate 42b rotates in the vertical direction, the swing arm 46 rotates in the vertical direction via the connecting rod 48 with the shaft portion 50 as a rotation fulcrum.

  The configuration of the central working unit 10C of the agricultural working machine 10 according to the present embodiment has been described above. Next, the configuration of the extension work part left 10L and the extension work part right 10R will be described.

  The extension work part left 10L and the extension work part right 10R can be turned up and down around a folding shaft 52 in the front-rear direction, which is a pivot point provided at both left and right ends of the center work part 10C. It has become. The extension work unit left 10L and the extension work unit right 10R are selectively switched between a folding non-working state (closed state) and an unfolding work state (open state) by rotation. Tillage work is possible with power.

  Since the extension work part left 10L and the extension work part right 10R have a substantially bilaterally symmetric structure, the configuration of the extension work part left 10L will be described in more detail below. The extension working part left 10L has a left hydraulic cylinder 54L, two side frame lefts 56L and 57L (not shown), a tilling rotor 28L (not shown), a shield cover left 34L and a leveling plate left 42L. .

  The left hydraulic cylinder 54L functions as a left rotation drive means as a drive source for rotating the extension work part left 10L with respect to the central work part 10C based on an expansion / contraction operation. The extension working unit left 10L is positioned outside the central working unit 10C by rotating a predetermined angle in the unfolding direction around the folding shaft 52, for example, approximately 180 degrees, based on the operation of the left hydraulic cylinder 54L. The unfolded working state is set, and the folding non-working state located above the central working unit 10C is brought about by rotating a predetermined angle in the folding direction about the folding shaft 52, for example, approximately 180 degrees.

  Side frame left 56L and 57L (not shown) are provided at the left and right ends of the extension work portion left 10L.

  The tilling rotor 28L is rotatably supported between lower portions of the side frame left 56L and 57L. The tilling rotor 28L has a rotary shaft 30L and a plurality of tilling claws 32L (both not shown), similarly to the tilling rotor 28 provided in the central working unit 10C.

  The shield cover left 34L is provided between the upper portions of the side frame left 56L and 57L so as to cover the tilling rotor 28L. In the present embodiment, the shield cover left 34L is configured similarly to the shield cover 34 provided in the central working unit 10C.

  The leveling plate left 42L is attached to the rear end of the shield cover left 34L. In the present embodiment, the leveling plate left 42L is composed of a first leveling plate left 42La and a second leveling plate left 42Lb, similarly to the leveling plate 42 provided in the central working unit 10C.

  The extension work portion left 10L has a configuration in the direction of the rotation axis OL (not shown) of the tilling rotor 28L that is substantially the same as the configuration of the central work portion 10C. That is, in the cross section on the plane orthogonal to the rotation axis OL of the tilling rotor 28L, the cross-sectional configurations of the rotation axis OL, the shield cover left 34L, and the leveling plate left 42L of the tilling rotor 28L are substantially the same as those of the central working unit 10C. It has a cross-sectional configuration.

  As described above, the power transmitted from the tractor to the input shaft 16 is cultivated by the extension working unit left 10L and the extension working unit right 10R together with the tilling rotor 28 of the central working unit 10C through the transmission mechanism. It is transmitted to the rotors 28L and 28R (not shown), and is configured to rotate the tilling rotors 28L and 28R in a predetermined direction.

  The extended leveling plate left 58L is provided at the outer end of the second leveling plate left 42Lb so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. The extended leveling plate left 58L is provided to be rotatable about a shaft portion 60 extending in the front-rear direction at the left and right outer ends of the second leveling plate left 42Lb. The extended leveling plate left 58L extends to the outside of the second leveling plate left 42Lb in the deployed work position, assists the leveling work of the second leveling plate left 42Lb, and is folded to the upper side of the second leveling plate left 42Lb. When rotated to the (storage position), it is stored on the second leveling plate left 42Lb.

  The extension leveling plate left 58L can be further rotated between a storage position and a work position by a turning device 62 provided on the shield cover left 34L of the extension work part left 10L. The rotation device 62 is connected between a drive motor 66 (not shown) covered with a cover 64 and between the drive motor 66 and the extended leveling plate left 58L, and the extension leveling plate left is driven by the driving force from the drive motor 66. And a link mechanism 68 for rotating 58L.

  The configuration of the extension work portion left 10L has been described above. The configuration of the extension work part right 10R is substantially the same as that of the extension work part left 10L, and L may be read as R for the reference numerals used in the description.

  The farm work machine 10 may further include a plurality of digging boards 70. The plurality of mulch plates 70 are attached to the front of the farm work machine 10. For example, when a tire mark of a traveling tractor is formed on the tillage ground and a soil offset occurs, the soil offset can be returned by the earthing plate 70 to flatten the tillable ground.

  The configuration of the agricultural working machine 10 according to the present embodiment has been described above. According to the configuration of the agricultural machine 10 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the agricultural machine 10 having high crushed property.

  In the present embodiment, the three-part structure including the central work unit 10C, the extension work part left 10L, and the extension work part right 10R has been described as an example. The shield cover 34 according to the present embodiment has the same effect.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the farm work machine 10 for the scraping work has been exemplified and described. However, the shield cover 34 according to the present embodiment is not limited to this, and can also be applied to farming machines for plowing and leveling work.

  Agricultural working machine: 10 Central working part: 10C Extension working part left: 10L Extension working part right: 10R Top mast: 12 Lower link connecting part: 14 Input shaft: 16 Gear box: 18 Transmission frame: 20 Transmission shaft: 21 Support frame: 22 Chain transmission case: 24 Side frame: 26 Tillage rotor: 28 Rotary shaft: 30 Tillage claw: 32 Shield cover: 34 Crushing wall: 36 Press rib: 38 Cover member: 40 Leveling plate: 42 Link mechanism: 44 Swing arm : 46 Connecting rod: 48 Shaft: 50 Folding shaft: 52 Left hydraulic cylinder: 54L Side frame left: 56L, 57L Extension leveling plate left: 58L Shaft: 60 Turning device: 62 Cover: 64 Drive motor: 66 Link mechanism part: 68 Dimming board: 70 Horizontal plane: 90 Rotation axis: O Rotation Diameter: R bent portion: A, B, C

Claims (9)

A tillage rotor,
A shield cover that covers the tillage rotor and has a plurality of crushed walls on the side where the tillage rotor is disposed;
Each of the plurality of crushed walls extends in the direction of the rotation axis of the tilling rotor, and an acute angle formed with a horizontal plane at the time of tilling is 70 ° to 85 °.   2. The agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein a length of each of the plurality of crushed walls is 40 mm or more and 70 mm or less in a cross section on a plane orthogonal to a rotation axis of the tilling rotor.   2. The agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of crushed walls are arranged on a traveling direction side of the agricultural machine with respect to a rotation axis of the tilling rotor.   The agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of crushed walls are two. The tilling rotor includes a rotary shaft and a plurality of tilling claws removably attached around the rotary shaft.
The difference between the minimum distance from the rotation shaft of the tillage rotor to the shield cover and the rotation radius of the tillage claw is 19 mm or more and 24 mm or less, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Agricultural machines as described.   The agricultural work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a minimum distance from a rotation shaft of the tillage rotor to the shield cover is 210 mm or more and 215 mm or less.   The agricultural working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the shield cover is made of high-tensile steel at least in part.   The farm work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the shield cover has a groove-shaped press rib extending in a direction of a rotation axis of the tilling rotor.   The said shield cover has a cover member which covers each of these some crushed walls from the opposite side to the side by which the said tilling rotor is arrange | positioned, The Claim 1 thru | or 8 characterized by the above-mentioned. Agricultural machine.

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