JP2017095812A - Degumming and bleach auxiliary agent for vegetable fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a degumming and bleach auxiliary additive for vegetable fiber, which inhibits adverse effect on a human body and environment and can improve spinnability and degree of whiteness of the fiber and stabilize the effect compared to sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide.SOLUTION: A degumming and bleach auxiliary agent for vegetable fiber according to this invention contains 10 to 40 mass% of nano clay with particle diameter of 20 to 100 nm, 1 to 3 mass% of glycyrrhetinate, 2 to 10 mass% of tea saponin and 1 to 10 mass% of alkyl polyglycoside, where the total amount is 100 mass%.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to an auxiliary agent for degumming and bleaching plant fibers such as hemp fibers.

  Plant fibers are currently used in various textile products. For example, since bast fibers are well developed, hemp is excellent in fiber processability and can be used to obtain highly spinn fiber products, which are widely used.

  Usually, the crude form of plant fibers includes other plant components such as waxes, fats, pectin, lignin, and pigment components, and other components such as immature fibers. Such other components affect the processability and may cause problems such as uneven coloring and dyeing of fibers. Therefore, degumming and bleaching are usually performed for using plant fibers. Conventionally, pickling, alkali boiling, chlorine bleach or hydrogen peroxide bleaching are widely used as degumming and bleaching methods. Patent Document 1 discloses a process for extraction and preparation of bast fibers. The process includes chlorine bleaching and oxidative bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, followed by alkali boiling with sodium hydroxide and loosening at high temperature.

JP 2007-126809 A

  Methods using chlorine bleach are known to cause nearly irreversible contamination to humans and the environment and can produce very toxic dioxins. Therefore, sodium silicate is used in the degumming and bleaching process. However, sodium silicate produces a silica scale in the degumming and bleaching process, which adheres to equipment and fibers, which can make the feel of plant fibers stiff and can cause differences in spinnability. In addition, when sodium silicate is used, it is required to have high hardness as the quality of production water. Furthermore, when sodium silicate is used, the whiteness, brightness and strength of the treated plant fiber There is a problem that both are inferior.

  In addition, the presence of sodium silicate in the treatment agent leads to destabilization of the oxidizing action of hydrogen peroxide. For this reason, stabilizers for hydrogen peroxide are usually used, but even if such stabilizers are used, the action of hydrogen peroxide is destabilized under high sodium hydroxide concentration conditions. The problem remains.

  The present invention provides an additive for degumming and bleaching functions of plant fibers that can overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. In other words, it suppresses adverse effects on the human body and the environment, and improves the spinnability and whiteness of the fiber as compared with the case where sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide are used. An object is to provide an additive for gum and bleaching function.

  The technical solution of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.

  The vegetable fiber degumming / bleaching aid of the present disclosure is 10 to 40% by mass of nanoclay having a particle size of 20 to 100 nm, 1 to 3% by mass of glycyrrhetic acid, 2-10 mass% of saponins and 1-10 mass% of alkyl polyglycosides are contained.

  According to the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure, adverse effects on the human body and the environment can be suppressed, the spinnability and the whiteness of the fibers can be improved, and the effects can be stabilized. Therefore, it is possible to realize an improvement in manufacturing efficiency and the quality of the textile product.

Nano clay The type of nano clay is not limited as long as the particle diameter is 20 to 100 nm. The said nano clay may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together. Specific examples of the nano clay include, for example, smectites (montmorillonite such as bentonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, hectorite, etc.), kaolins (kaolinite, nacrite, dickite, halloysite, etc.), antigo. Wrights (Antigolite, Amesite, Cronsteadite, etc.), Pyrophyllites (Pyrophyllite, Talc, etc.), Mica (Ilite, Sea Green Stone, Ceradonite, Sericite, Mucite, etc.), Zeolite, Examples include vermiculite and chlorite. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The particle size may be a primary particle size or a secondary particle size. The particle diameter may be a volume average particle diameter or a weight average particle diameter. The method for measuring the particle size is not limited. The particle diameter can be measured by, for example, electron microscope observation and a particle size distribution measuring device (dynamic scattering method, laser light scattering method, etc.).

  The nanoclay may be a natural product or a synthesized organically modified clay as long as the effect of the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure is not impaired. Moreover, you may use a commercial item as said nano clay. Specific examples of the organically modified clay include, for example, clay obtained by modifying a clay mineral with an organic cation compound such as a quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant, and more specifically, an organically modified bentonite, an organically modified hecto Light, organic modified montmorillonite, etc. are mentioned. The nanoclay is preferably a natural product from the viewpoints of cost, environmental impact, and impact on the user of the textile product.

  Content of the said nano clay is 10-40 mass% when the whole quantity is 100 mass%, Preferably it is 15-40 mass%. It is preferable for the content of the nano clay to be within the above range since the bleaching property and spinnability can be improved.

Glycyrrhetinic acids Glycyrrhetinic acid is a kind of β-amylin (oleanan) -based pentacyclic terpenoid derivative obtained by hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid. As said glycyrrhetic acid, 1 type (s) or 2 or more types of glycyrrhetic acid, its derivative (s), and those salts can be used. Specific examples of the glycyrrhetinic acid derivative include glycosides of glycyrrhetic acid and salts thereof, and alkyl glycyrrhetic acid. Examples of the glycoside of glycyrrhetinic acid include glycyrrhizic acid, and examples of the salt thereof include alkali metal salts (sodium salts, potassium salts; specifically, for example, dipotassium salts) and ammonium salts. It is done. Examples of the alkyl glycyrrhetinate include stearyl glycyrrhetinate and lauryl glycyrrhetinate. In the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure, glycyrrhetinic acid is preferably used as the glycyrrhetinic acids.

  The glycyrrhetinic acids may be natural products or synthetic products, or commercially available products may be used. Further, as the glycyrrhetinic acids, isolated glycyrrhetinic acid and derivatives thereof and salts thereof may be used, or an extract containing at least one of glycyrrhetinic acid and derivatives thereof and salts thereof may be used. Also good.

  Content of the said glycyrrhetic acid is 1-3 mass% when the whole quantity is 100 mass%. It is preferable that the content of the glycyrrhetinic acid is within the above range because bleachability and spinnability can be improved.

Tea Saponins The tea saponins are not particularly limited as long as they contain saponins derived from tea. Specific examples of the saponin include thea saponin and assam saponin. As the tea saponins, an extract containing tea saponins obtained from tea as a raw material may be used, and tea saponins (for example, thea saponins and assam saponins) as compounds isolated from the extracts may be used. Also good. Usually, as the tea saponins, an extract containing tea saponins is used.

  There is no limitation in particular in the method of obtaining the extract containing the said tea saponin. Tea leaves or seeds can be used as tea as a raw material. There is no particular limitation on the type of tea. Specific examples of the tea include green tea and oolong tea. There is no particular limitation on the extraction solvent. Examples of the extraction solvent include water, alcohol (methanol, ethanol, etc.), ether (ethyl ether), and a mixed solvent thereof. The extraction / purification method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.

  Content of the said tea saponin is 2-10 mass% when the whole quantity is 100 mass%, Preferably it is 3-10 mass%, More preferably, it is 4-10 mass%. When the content of the tea saponin is within the above range, it is preferable because bleachability and spinnability can be improved.

Alkyl polyglycoside The alkyl polyglycoside is a compound in which a sugar and a higher alcohol are glucoside-bonded. The alkyl polyglycoside has such a structure, and the specific type is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure is not inhibited. The said alkyl polyglycoside may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

The alkylpolyglycoside is usually represented by the general formula R ₁ O— (R ₂ O) t (G) v. In the formula, R ₁ is an alkyl and / or alkenyl group, R ₂ is an alkylene group, and G is a sugar having 5 to 6 carbon atoms. t and v are arbitrary numbers. Specific examples of R ₁ include a linear or branched C _8-24 alkyl group, and specific examples of R ₂ include a C _2-4 alkylene group. Specific examples of G include glucose, fructose and galactose, and glucose is preferred. The glycosidic bond between saccharide units may be either 1-6 or 1-4 type, preferably 1-4 type. The t is usually 0 to 10, preferably 0 to 4, and the v is usually 1 to 15.

  Content of the said alkyl polyglycoside is 1-10 mass% when the whole quantity is 100 mass%, Preferably it is 3-10 mass%, More preferably, it is 5-10 mass%. It is preferable that the content of the alkyl polyglycoside is within the above range since the bleachability and spinnability can be improved.

  There is no limitation in particular in the form of the adjuvant of this indication. The auxiliary agent of the present disclosure is usually used in a liquid form in which each of the above components is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent. The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the action and effect of the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure. As the solvent, water (purified water, pure water) is usually mentioned.

  The adjuvant of this indication may contain other components other than said each component as needed, unless the effect is inhibited.

  The “degumming / bleaching” means “degumming and / or bleaching”. Therefore, the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure may be used in a process of continuously performing degumming and bleaching, or may be used in a process of performing only degumming, or used in a process of performing only bleaching. Also good.

Manufacturing method There is no limitation in particular in the manufacturing method of the adjuvant of this indication. The auxiliary agent of the present disclosure can be obtained by adding all components and a solvent into an appropriate container and stirring. Further, the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure can be obtained by adding and mixing some components and a solvent, and then adding and mixing other components. Specifically, it can be obtained, for example, by mixing and stirring a solvent (purified water or the like) and nanoclay in an appropriate container, and then mixing and stirring other components. There is no limitation in particular also about stirring conditions, It can determine suitably.

Degumming and bleaching method The specific content of the degumming and bleaching method using the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure is not particularly limited. The method uses sodium hydroxide and aqueous hydrogen peroxide for degumming and bleaching. These may be added simultaneously with the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure, or may be added at different stages. In this method, it is usually carried out without using a chlorine bleach and sodium silicate, but a chlorine bleach and sodium silicate may be used as long as the effects of the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure are not impaired.

  In this method, the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide solution are usually added and then heated appropriately. There are no particular limitations on the heating conditions. The heating may be performed while maintaining a constant temperature, or may be staged heating in which heating is performed at a plurality of temperatures. Specifically, for example, the first stage heating at 50 to 60 ° C., the second stage heating at 65 to 75 ° C., then the third stage heating at 80 to 90 ° C., and 90 to 95 The method of passing through the 4th stage heating in ° C is mentioned. The duration at each stage is usually about 15 minutes to 1 hour, preferably about 20 to 40 minutes. In this heating step, the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure, sodium hydroxide or hydrogen peroxide solution may be added as appropriate (first addition or additional addition). Ordinary degumming / bleaching treatment is performed at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, whereas in this embodiment, degumming / bleaching treatment can be carried out at a temperature lower than that. The aids of the present disclosure are suitable for use at low temperature conditions.

  There is no limitation in particular in the kind of plant fiber used as the object of this method. Specific examples of the plant fibers include, for example, bast fibers (fibers obtained from bast plants; for example, linen, ramie, jute, hemp), seed hair fibers (for example, cotton, kapok, akund), vein fibers ( Examples include zile hemp, manila hemp, henken), and fruit fibers (eg, koiya). The plant fiber is preferably hemp fiber, particularly preferably bast fiber hemp fiber. Specific examples of the hemp fibers include green hemp, flax, Indian hemp, jute, ramie, kenaf, sisal, hemp, zile, New Zealand, and mage. Hemp and Manila hemp are mentioned.

  In this method, pretreatment such as washing with water to remove contaminants from the plant fiber may be performed.

  In the degumming and bleaching method, the amount of the auxiliary agent disclosed in the present disclosure is not particularly limited as long as the action and effect are not inhibited. The usage-amount of the adjuvant of this indication can be suitably determined according to the kind of plant fiber which is object, quantity, and quality. For example, in the case of high fiber plant fibers, the raw materials are excellent, so the amount of auxiliary agent used may be small. On the other hand, in the case of low fiber vegetable fibers, the amount of auxiliary agent used can be increased. .

In the present invention, the following beneficial effects are recognized according to specific embodiments.
(1) The chlorine bleaching process, which may cause serious damage to humans and the environment, can be eliminated, and the processing environment for hemp fibers can be greatly improved. Can be degummed and bleached.
(2) Excellent adaptability of degumming and bleaching to various hemp bast fibers. Applicable hemp fibers include, for example, flax, industrial hemp, jute, baciclemon, nettle, ramie, kenaf, and hemp pineapple hemp, and can also be applied to mulberry skin fibers and weaving fibers right.
(3) The problem of destabilization of the action of hydrogen peroxide under a high concentration condition of sodium hydroxide can be solved. That is, invalidation due to decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is avoided, and excellent decontamination and removal of bark performance are achieved. In addition, the steps such as multi-stage water washing, pickling, scouring, chlorine bleaching and oxygen bleaching used for the treatment of hemp bast fibers can be greatly shortened. Furthermore, the production water can be greatly reduced, the hardness of the production water can be low, and pollutants in the sewage can be reduced.
(4) The manufacturing time can be shortened and the production efficiency can be improved. For example, when the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure is used, the processing efficiency can be improved by 50% or more compared to the case where an auxiliary agent such as sodium silicate is used. Moreover, the whiteness and fiber strength of the fiber can be increased. For example, when the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure is used, the whiteness and fiber strength of the fiber can be improved by 20% or more as compared with the case where an auxiliary agent such as sodium silicate is used (note that these Is not intended to limit the technical scope of the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure).

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to the form shown in the Example. The embodiment of the present invention can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application.

(1) Preparation of Degumming / Bleaching Auxiliary Formulations of the degumming / bleaching auxiliary of Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1. Purified water and nano clay as raw materials were put into a stainless steel reactor, and stirred at room temperature for 3 to 12 hours using a stainless steel paddle stirrer. While stirring again at a rotational speed of 2700 rpm for 0.5 to 2 hours, other raw material components were added sequentially at intervals of 10 minutes or more, and then stirring and stirring were continued for 0.5 to 2 hours. The degumming / bleaching aids of Examples 1-3 were prepared.

component:
(A) Nanoclay: What was purchased from North Yinzhi City Yixing High Materials Co., Ltd. and processed at a head office with a nanocutter to a particle size of 20-100 nm was used.
(B) Glycyrrhetinic acid; purchased from Hubei Okusho Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.
(C) Tea saponin; purchased from 陝 陝 Nishimori Fu Natural Products Co., Ltd.
(D) Alkyl polyglycoside; purchased from ▲ Yangzhou 農 Agricultural ▲ New Materials Co., Ltd.

(2) Degumming / bleaching test The contaminants were removed, and the carded hemp fibers were placed in a normal pressure boiling bleaching vessel, prewashed at 70 ° C. for 15 minutes, and then washed with overflowing water with cold water for 10 minutes. Later, 6 g / L of the additives of Examples 1 to 3 and 5.5 g / L of NaOH were added, and after 10 minutes, 24 g / L of H ₂ O ₂ (active ingredient 30%) was added. 30 minutes after adding H ₂ O ₂ , the temperature was raised at a rate of 1 ° C./min and incubated at 55 ° C. for 25 minutes. Subsequently, the temperature was raised at a rate of 1 ° C./min and incubated at 70 ° C. for 30 minutes. The temperature was then raised at a rate of 1 ° C./min and incubated at 85 ° C. for 25 minutes. Thereafter, the temperature was raised at a rate of 1 ° C./min and incubated at 85 ° C. for 25 minutes. Finally, the temperature was raised at a rate of 1 ° C./min and incubated at 93 ° C. for 30 minutes. After the incubation, hemp fibers were washed directly with water.

  The amount of the above degumming / bleaching aid used was determined based on the mass of the hemp fiber to be treated.

(3) Evaluation The spinnability of the flax fiber single yarn which passed the said degumming and bleaching test using the adjuvant of Example 2 was measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the spinnability of flax fiber single yarn that had undergone normal treatment (chlorine bleaching → hydrogen peroxide bleaching) was measured by the same method. Specifically, flax fiber details, slabs, and neps were measured using a twist measuring device, a strength measuring device, a balance measuring device, and a Uster measuring device. The results are shown in Table 2. In Tables 1 and 2, “CVb” is “variation coefficient” and “Q95” means “95% confidence interval”.

  From Table 2 and Table 3, it can be seen that the spinnability of the flax fiber that has been subjected to the degumming and bleaching treatment with the auxiliary agent of the present disclosure is superior to that of the case that it has undergone the normal treatment (chlorine bleaching → hydrogen peroxide bleaching). . In addition, the normal degumming / bleaching treatment is performed at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, whereas in this embodiment, the degumming / bleaching treatment can be performed at a temperature lower than that. Therefore, it turns out that the auxiliary agent of this indication is suitable for the use in low temperature conditions.

Claims (3)

  When the total amount is 100% by mass, nanoclay having a particle size of 20 to 100 nm is 10 to 40% by mass, glycyrrhetinic acid is 1 to 3% by mass, tea saponin is 2 to 10% by mass, and alkylpolyglycoside is 1 to 3% by mass. A vegetable fiber degumming and bleaching aid containing 10% by mass.   The degumming / bleaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the plant fibers are bast fibers or vein fibers.   The degumming / bleaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the plant fiber is hemp fiber.