JP2017075487A - Burial structure and method for cable piping in tunnel lining concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable laying of a heat exchange pipe simultaneously with tunnel body construction work, reducing a cost for installing a heat exchanger and without interfering with the tunnel body construction work.SOLUTION: A burial structure 1 of the present invention for cables and piping in tunnel lining concrete includes lining concrete 8 laid on an inner surface 4 of a natural ground 3 in a tunnel space 2, and a heat exchange pipe 10 as cable piping buried in the lining concrete in parallel with a tunnel axial line. The heat exchange pipe 10 has a heat medium for a heat pump flowing therethrough, and the heat medium exchanges heat with the natural ground 3 in surrounding through the lining concrete 8. The natural ground 3 in the surrounding functions as a heat source for the heat pump.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an embedded structure and method for cable piping in tunnel lining concrete applied when laying cable piping such as equipment piping and communication cables along a tunnel.

Heat pumps used in air conditioners, refrigerators, freezers, etc. are technologies that perform heating, heating, cooling, and cooling by using the air as a heat source and transferring heat between them. Since it can reduce CO ₂ emissions, it is widely used in various industrial facilities such as houses and offices.

  Here, the heat source of the heat pump is preferably a low temperature during cooling and a high temperature during heating, but the outdoor temperature is high in summer and low in winter. However, there is a limit to increasing the thermal efficiency.

  Under such circumstances, recently, the number of cases where geothermal heat is used as a heat source of a heat pump has increased. That is, the underground temperature at a depth of 10 to 15 m is almost constant throughout the year, and is lower than the atmospheric temperature in the summer and higher in the winter. Therefore, the heat pump has excellent thermal efficiency by using underground heat as a heat source. A system can be realized.

JP 2003-176698 A JP 2008-175562 A

  Conventionally, as a heat exchange method for use of underground heat, a so-called borehole method in which a borehole is drilled using a boring machine and a heat exchanger is inserted into the borehole, or a heat exchange pile in which the heat exchanger is embedded A foundation pile method using slab or a horizontal method laying horizontally in the ground has been developed and put into practical use.

  However, the heat exchange method described above requires a space for installing the heat exchanger separately in the ground or in the pile, and in order to take advantage of the small seasonal temperature fluctuation, as described above. In addition, since the ground must be excavated to a depth of 10 to 15 m, there is room for further improvement in terms of economy.

  Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present applicants started research and development focusing on whether a heat exchange pipe as a heat exchanger can be arranged using a tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the construction method separately, and in particular, there is a need for a construction method that does not interfere with the tunnel body construction and can lay the heat exchange pipe at the same time as the tunnel body construction. It was done.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an embedded structure and method for cable piping in tunnel lining concrete capable of reducing the installation cost of a heat exchanger.

  It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for laying cable piping in tunnel lining concrete that can lay a heat exchange pipe without interfering with tunnel body construction and simultaneously with tunnel body construction.

In order to achieve the above object, the buried structure of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention is arranged inside the natural ground so as to cover the natural ground inner surface of the tunnel space as described in claim 1. In the buried structure of cable piping in tunnel lining concrete in which cable piping is buried along the tunnel axis in the covered lining concrete,
The cable pipes are heat exchange pipes through which the heat medium of the heat pump circulates.

  Further, the buried structure of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention is configured such that the heat exchanging pipe is composed of a pair of pipe bodies arranged in parallel, and one of the pair of pipe bodies is based on one base. These end portions are connected in communication with each other so that the heat medium flows from the end side and returns to the other base end side.

  Moreover, the buried structure of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention is obtained by extending the heat exchange pipe in the common groove.

  In addition, the method for burying cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention includes, as described in claim 4, an inner mold frame disposed in the tunnel space so as to be separated from the inner surface of the natural ground of the tunnel space, and Filling the concrete placement space surrounded by the wife formwork, which is arranged on the top side of the inner formwork and facing the inner surface of the natural ground so as to be substantially orthogonal thereto, is filled with fresh concrete as lining concrete, A predetermined cable pipe is sent to the concrete placement space along the tunnel axis through a delivery opening provided in the end form before or during filling with concrete.

  In the tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention, the cable piping is embedded in the cable piping as a heat exchange pipe of a heat pump.

  In the tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention, the cable piping is embedded in the tunnel space by excavating the tunnel space with a tunnel excavator having a cylindrical tail portion, and the cable piping is located in the inner space of the tail portion. A wound take-up reel is arranged, and the feeding is performed while unwinding the cable piping from the take-up reel.

[First invention]
In the buried structure of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete according to the first invention, when the cable piping is embedded in the lining concrete of the tunnel space, the heat exchange in which the heat medium of the heat pump circulates in the cable piping. As a pipe for use.

  In this way, if it is a tunnel constructed at a depth of 10 m to 15 m or more from the ground surface, the underground mountain surrounding the tunnel space has a substantially constant underground temperature throughout the year. Since it is low and high in winter, a heat pump system with excellent thermal efficiency can be realized by using this as a heat source.

  Moreover, since it is sufficient to embed in the tunnel lining concrete, it is not necessary to construct a dedicated structure for the use of underground heat, and it is possible to construct a heat pump system with excellent thermal efficiency in an economically advantageous form. It becomes possible.

  In addition, since the heat exchange pipe is laid in a form embedded in the lining concrete, its function can be reliably maintained even when a fire or explosion occurs in the tunnel.

  In the tunnel to which the present invention is applied, the underground temperature of the natural ground surrounding the tunnel space is almost constant throughout the year when viewed from the viewpoint that it is used as a heat source for the heat pump, and the internal surface of the natural ground in the tunnel space is lined. As long as the structure is covered with concrete, it can be applied to any kind of tunnel, and it can be used for various purposes such as highway and subway vehicle traffic, flood control and common ditches. .

  The tunnel space can be excavated in any form as long as it does not prevent the lining concrete from being built inside the natural ground after excavation formation. It is included in the shield machine that is formed by an excavator that cuts the face with a cutter provided at the tip of the ground while moving forward in a form that takes a reaction force from a side ground by a gripper The names such as TBM are also unquestioned. Also, it may be excavated by blasting method applied to mountain tunnel.

  Embedding the heat exchanging pipe along the tunnel axis does not only mean embedding parallel to the tunnel axis, but also includes embedding in a spiral around the tunnel axis.

  The material of the heat exchange pipe is arbitrary as long as the heat medium of the heat pump can be circulated. For example, a configuration using polyethylene (PE pipe) is a typical example.

  As long as the heat exchanging pipe is embedded in the lining concrete along the tunnel axis, the specific embedding form is arbitrary, and the heat exchanging pipe is constituted by a pair of pipe bodies arranged in parallel. In the pair of pipe main bodies, a configuration in which the end portions thereof are connected to each other so that the heat medium flows from one base end side and returns to the other base end side is a typical example of the embedded form. .

  If the heat pump component is located away from the tunnel space, the heat exchange pipe must be extended to that location, but the extension path is arbitrary, for example, a new shaft that communicates with the ground It may be constructed to extend to the ground via the shaft, or it may be extended to the ground via a shaft left behind as a subway station building or ventilation port even after completion of the tunnel construction.

  If the heat exchanging pipe is extended in the common groove, it can be extended to an office building or factory installed on the ground via the existing heat exchanging pipe laid in the common groove. In addition, the heat exchange pipe according to the present invention can be used as a spare pipe during repair when the existing heat exchange pipe described above is troubled.

[Second invention]
In the method of burying the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete according to the second invention, in constructing the lining concrete by filling the concrete placement space surrounded by the inner formwork and the wife formwork with fresh concrete, Before or during the filling of the fresh concrete, predetermined cable piping is sent out to the concrete placement space along the tunnel axis through a sending opening provided in the end form.

  In this way, if the cable pipes are embedded in the lining concrete within a range that does not substantially cause the cross-sectional defect of the lining concrete, it does not interfere with the tunnel body construction and progresses simultaneously with the tunnel body construction. It becomes possible to lay with.

  Tunnels to which the present invention is applied include various uses such as vehicle traffic applications such as expressways and subways, flood control, and common ditches.

  The tunnel space can be excavated in any form as long as lining concrete is constructed by placing fresh concrete in the concrete placement space surrounded by the inner formwork and the end formwork after excavation formation. While moving forward in the form of reaction force from the inner formwork by the shield jack, or moving forward in the form of reaction force from the side ground by the gripper, the face is cut by the cutter provided at the tip of them. The case where it is formed by an excavator is included, and the names such as shield machine and TBM are also unquestioned. Moreover, the structure formed by excavation by the blasting method applied to a mountain tunnel may be sufficient.

  Embedding cable pipes along the tunnel axis does not only mean burying in parallel with the tunnel axis, but also includes the case of burying in a spiral around the tunnel axis.

  Cable piping includes all cables and piping used for various purposes. Cable applications include communication, power supply, and measurement (especially for underground displacement measurement around the tunnel body). As a piping application, for cable laying, for transporting fluids such as water, heat medium, gas, etc., for equipment installation (especially for installing an inclinometer that measures underground displacement around the tunnel body), and around the tunnel body It can be selected as appropriate for the drainage of the mountain, and the constituent materials are also arbitrary. The cable material is made of metal, optical fiber, etc., and the piping material is hard polyvinyl chloride (VP pipe, VU pipe). ), Polyethylene (PE pipe), cast iron (cast iron pipe), stainless steel (stainless steel pipe), and the like.

  Here, if the cable pipes are heat exchange pipes for heat pumps, the heat exchange pipes can be laid in parallel with the placement of fresh concrete for constructing the lining concrete, so the heat efficiency is excellent. It is possible to construct a heat pump system that is economically advantageous.

  Cable pipes can be sent to the concrete placement space by pushing them out even if they are pipes made of hard material, but in the case of soft materials that can be taken up on a take-up reel The tunnel space is excavated by a tunnel excavator having a cylindrical tail portion, and a winding reel in which cable piping is wound is disposed in the inner space of the tail portion, and the cable piping is provided from the winding reel. You may make it perform the above-mentioned sending process, unwinding a kind.

[Matters common to each invention]
The ECL method (Extruded Concrete Lining Method) is used as a method of constructing lining concrete at the tail of the shield machine while excavating using the shield machine. The SENS method is known as a method for constructing the primary lining concrete at the tail part of the steel and then constructing the secondary lining concrete. However, in the first and second inventions described above, It is possible to form tunnel space and construct lining concrete using this method.

  The lining concrete according to the first invention needs to be arranged inside the natural ground so that the natural ground inner surface of the tunnel space is covered, but only when covering the natural ground inner surface directly. However, it is also included when indirectly covering the natural ground surface via a predetermined structure, and how to cover the natural ground surface of the tunnel space is also included for the lining concrete of the second invention. It is optional and includes not only the case of direct coating but also the case of indirectly coating through a predetermined structure.

  Here, as a concrete example of the lining concrete in the case of direct coating, the primary lining concrete in the ECL method or the primary lining concrete in the SENS method is applicable, and as a concrete example of the lining concrete in the case of indirect coating The secondary lining concrete in the mountain method such as the NATM method or the secondary lining concrete in the SENS method is applicable.

  In addition, the above-mentioned structure in the case of indirect coating corresponds to shotcrete in the NATM method, steel support in another mountain method, primary lining concrete in the SENS method, and the like.

The perspective view which showed the burying structure of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete which concerns on this embodiment. It is the figure which showed the implementation condition of the burial method of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a partial perspective view. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the implementation condition of the burial method of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete which concerns on a modification. It is the figure which showed the example of application of the buried structure 1 of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a perspective view, (b) And (c) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed another example of application of the buried structure 1 of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete which concerns on this embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a cable piping embedding structure and method in tunnel lining concrete according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a buried structure of cable piping in tunnel lining concrete according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the cable piping embedment structure 1 in the tunnel lining concrete according to the present embodiment constructs the lining concrete 8 on the inner surface 4 of the ground 3 in the tunnel space 2 and A heat exchange pipe 10 as cable piping is embedded so as to be parallel to the tunnel axis.

  The heat exchanging pipe 10 is composed of a polyethylene pipe (PE pipe), and the heat medium of the heat pump flows into the pipe, and the heat medium is connected to the surrounding natural ground 3 via the lining concrete 8. Heat exchange is performed, and the surrounding natural ground 3 functions as a heat source of the heat pump.

  The heat medium may be anything as long as it can transfer heat, but for example, water or antifreeze can be used.

  Here, the heat exchanging pipe 10 has a pair of pipe bodies 5 and 5 arranged in parallel, and the above-described heat medium flows in from the one base end side (not shown) and the other base end side. These end portions are connected to each other via a U-shaped communication connection portion 6 so as to return to (not shown).

  In order to construct the cable piping embedment structure 1 in the tunnel lining concrete according to the present embodiment, the tunnel space 2 is excavated and formed in the ground 3 by a shield machine (not shown) as a tunnel excavator. As shown in FIG. 2, an inner frame 21 is built so as to be separated from the ground inner surface 4 of the tunnel space 2, and an annular wife mold is formed toward the ground inner surface 4 so as to be orthogonal to the leading side of the inner frame. The frame 22 is arranged, and the concrete placement space extending between the inner mold frame 21 and the wife mold frame 22 and the natural ground inner surface 4 is filled with fresh concrete 23, and the tail portion 24 of the cylindrical shield machine is formed. The lining concrete 8 described with reference to FIG. 1 is constructed by pressing the end form frame 22 in the tunnel axis direction with the press jack 25 arranged.

  The fresh concrete 23 may be filled from the injection hole provided in the inner mold 21, or may be filled from the injection hole similarly provided in the end mold 22. .

  In addition, in this embodiment, since it demonstrates on the assumption that the lining concrete 8 is constructed | assembled using an ECL method, description is abbreviate | omitted suitably about a conventionally well-known process.

  When filling the fresh concrete 23, before or during the filling, the pipe main bodies 5 and 5 are inserted into the insertion holes 26 and 26 serving as the opening for delivery provided in the end form frame 22, respectively. The pipe main bodies 5 and 5 are sent out to the concrete placement space along the tunnel axis while preventing the fresh concrete from flowing into the shield machine side by the water stop portions 27 and 27 provided on the shield machine side.

  Here, since the pipe bodies 5 and 5 are respectively wound around the take-up reels 28 and 28 disposed in the inner space of the tail portion 24, the pipe bodies are unwound from the take-up reels 28 and 28, respectively. The transmission described above may be performed.

  Hereinafter, when the shield machine 29 is moved forward by operating the shield jack 29 disposed in the tail portion 24 of the shield machine while taking the reaction force from the inner mold 21, the inner mold 21 is sequentially added at the head side. The procedure for filling the fresh concrete 23 and feeding the pipe bodies 5 and 5 is repeated.

  On the other hand, the working recesses 30 are previously formed on the inner surface of the lining concrete 8 so that the end portions of the pipe bodies 5 and 5 protrude and are exposed to the tunnel space 2 when the inner mold 21 is removed. After the inner mold 21 is appropriately removed in accordance with the strength development of the concrete, the ends of the pipe bodies 5 and 5 are connected to each other through the connecting connection 6 in the working recess 30 to exchange heat. The pipe 10 is used.

  About the space | gap left in the recessed part 30 for work, what is necessary is just to fill this space | gap by filling mortar and concrete suitably.

  As described above, according to the buried structure 1 of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete according to the present embodiment, the heat exchange pipe 10 is embedded in the lining concrete 8 of the tunnel space 2. If it is a tunnel constructed at a depth of 10m to 15m or more from the surface, the ground mountain 3 surrounding the tunnel space 2 has a substantially constant underground temperature throughout the year and is lower than the atmospheric temperature in the summer. Therefore, by using this as a heat source, a heat pump system with excellent thermal efficiency can be realized.

  Moreover, since it is sufficient to embed in the tunnel lining concrete 8, there is no need to construct a dedicated structure for the use of underground heat, and a heat pump system with excellent thermal efficiency should be constructed in an economically advantageous manner. Is also possible.

  Furthermore, since the heat exchange pipe 10 is laid in a form embedded in the lining concrete 8, its function can be reliably maintained even when a fire or explosion occurs in the tunnel.

  In addition, according to the method of burying cable piping in tunnel lining concrete according to the present embodiment, pipes are inserted through the insertion holes 26 and 26 provided in the end form frame 22 before or during the filling of the fresh concrete 23. Since the main bodies 5 and 5 are sent to the concrete placement space along the tunnel axis, so long as the cross section of the lining concrete 8 is not substantially lost, it does not interfere with the tunnel body construction. Moreover, the heat exchange pipe 10 can be laid simultaneously with the tunnel body construction.

  In this embodiment, the heat exchange pipe 10 is composed of the pipe main bodies 5 and 5 and the U-shaped communication connection portion 6 that connects the end portions thereof, so that the heat medium is substantially the same tunnel cross section. However, the heat exchanging pipe of the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and instead of the above configuration, the heat exchanging pipe is constituted by a straight pipe, and different tunnel cross-section positions. The heat medium may be allowed to flow in and out.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the example in which the cable piping embedding method according to the present invention is applied to the heat exchanging pipe 10 has been described. However, the cable piping embedding method according to the present invention is applied to the heat exchanging pipe 10. It is not limited, Instead of the heat exchanging pipe, a water supply pipe for transporting water or a gas pipe for transporting gas may be embedded in the lining concrete 8 or may be replaced for fluid transport. It is good also as piping for cable laying, apparatus installation, or draining of the natural ground 3. In particular, the pipe for equipment installation may be a pipe for installing an inclinometer that measures the underground displacement around the tunnel space 2.

  Furthermore, instead of piping, various cables such as a communication cable, a power supply cable, and a measurement cable may be embedded in the lining concrete 8 in the same procedure as in the above-described embodiment. In particular, the measurement cable can be an optical fiber cable that measures underground displacement around the tunnel space 2.

  In the present embodiment, the cable piping embedment method according to the present invention has been described with the procedure using the ECL method. However, instead of this, a configuration using the SENS method may be used. The object to be buried may be primary lining concrete or secondary lining concrete. Furthermore, it is also possible to apply to secondary lining concrete in a conventionally known mountain tunnel construction method.

  Further, in this embodiment, the excavation formation of the tunnel space is configured to advance the shield machine in a form that takes a reaction force from the inner mold, but instead, a form that takes a reaction force from the side ground by a gripper. It doesn't matter.

  Further, in the present embodiment and the modifications thereof, the cable piping embedding method according to the present invention has been described in relation to a shield machine or other tunnel excavator, but the cable piping embedding method according to the present invention is It suffices to send predetermined cable piping to the concrete placement space along the tunnel axis through a delivery opening provided in the mold, and the sending source does not have to be a tunnel excavator.

  FIG. 3 shows the secondary lining concrete when the secondary lining concrete is built on top of the primary lining concrete constructed by the SENS construction method or the shotcrete constructed by the NATM construction method which is a kind of mountain construction method. Fig. 1 shows an example in which cable piping is buried, and is not constructed directly on the inner surface 4 of the natural ground 3 but on the primary lining concrete (or shotcrete) 31 constructed on the inner surface. Except for the point that the secondary lining concrete 32 as the working concrete is overlapped, the above-described embodiment and its construction procedure and operational effects are substantially the same, and therefore the description thereof is omitted here.

  Further, although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, it is arbitrary where the indoor unit in which the compressor or the like is installed is installed if it is a component device of a heat pump to which the heat exchanging pipe 10 is connected or a cooling / heating facility. For example, it can be installed in office buildings, condominiums, production facilities, subway station buildings, and the like. For example, if the tunnel to be applied is for subway use, the heat exchanging pipe 10 may be connected to an indoor unit of a heat pump installed in a subway station building.

  Here, when the heat exchange pipe 10 is connected to the heat pump components installed on the ground, the extension path of the heat exchange pipe is arbitrary. For example, as shown in FIG. After completion, it may be extended to the ground via a vertical shaft 41 left as a subway station building or ventilation opening, or as shown in FIG. 5B, a guide shaft 42 formed for tunnel construction. Further, the heat exchange pipe 10 may be extended to the ground. Furthermore, it is also possible to newly construct a shaft 43 that communicates with the ground as shown in FIG. 3C, and to extend the heat exchange pipe 10 to the ground through the shaft.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, if the heat exchanging pipe 10 is extended to the internal space 52 of the common groove 51, if the common groove 51 is already in communication with the office building 53, a new pipe line is provided. It is possible to easily circulate the heat medium through the common groove 51 without constructing the ground in the ground.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the heat exchange pipe 10 is arranged so as to be parallel to the tunnel axis, but instead, it may be arranged spirally around the tunnel axis. According to such a configuration, the contact length between the heat exchanging pipe 10 and the surrounding natural ground 3 via the lining concrete 8 is increased per unit tunnel length, and the heat exchanging efficiency can be increased.

  In this embodiment, the pipe main bodies 5 and 5 constituting the heat exchange pipe 10 are wound around the take-up reels 28 and 28, and the pipe main body is sent out by unwinding them. However, it is not always necessary to wind around the take-up reels 28 and 28, and if pipes made of a hard material are sent out, they may be sent out to the concrete placement space by pushing them out sequentially. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Buried structure of cable piping in tunnel lining concrete 2 Tunnel space 3 Ground mountain 4 Inside surface of ground mountain 3 Pipe body 6 Communication connection part 8 Covering concrete 10 Heat exchange pipe (cable piping)
21 Inner form 22 Wife form 23 Fresh concrete 26 Insertion hole (opening for delivery)
28 Winding reel 32 Secondary lining concrete (lining concrete)
51 Joint groove 52 Internal space of joint groove 51

Claims (6)

In the buried structure of the cable piping in the tunnel lining concrete in which the cable piping is embedded along the tunnel axis line in the lining concrete arranged inside the natural mountain so that the inner surface of the natural ground of the tunnel space is covered,
An embedded structure of cable piping in tunnel lining concrete, wherein the cable piping is a heat exchange pipe through which a heat medium of a heat pump circulates. The heat exchange pipe is constituted by a pair of pipe bodies arranged in parallel, and the heat medium flows in from one base end side of the pair of pipe main bodies and returns to the other base end side. The buried structure of cable piping in tunnel lining concrete according to claim 1, wherein each end portion thereof is connected in communication with each other. The buried structure of cable piping in tunnel lining concrete according to claim 1, wherein said heat exchange pipe is extended in a common groove. An inner mold frame disposed in the tunnel space so as to be separated from the inner surface of the natural ground of the tunnel space, and a wife mold frame disposed on the leading side of the inner mold frame and facing the inner surface of the natural ground so as to be substantially orthogonal thereto. The concrete placement space surrounded by is filled with fresh concrete as lining concrete, and predetermined cable piping is provided through a delivery opening provided in the end form before or during filling of the fresh concrete. Is sent to the concrete placement space along the tunnel axis, and a method for burying cable piping in tunnel lining concrete. The method for burying cable piping in tunnel lining concrete according to claim 4, wherein the cable piping is a heat exchange pipe of a heat pump. The tunnel space is excavated by a tunnel excavator having a cylindrical tail portion, and a winding reel around which the cable piping is wound is disposed in an inner space of the tail portion, and the cable piping is drawn from the winding reel. 6. The method for burying cable piping in tunnel lining concrete according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the feeding is performed while unwinding the kind.

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