JP2017070465A - Seating aid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seating aid which is suitable for maintaining comfort for a long period of time and excellent in portability, versatility, and multiplicity of use.SOLUTION: A seating aid 1 used by being hung from a backrest part 20 of a chair or wheelchair comprises a locking member 2 having a first plane fastener 4 on the surface, and a hanging member 3 composed of a back surface part 6 closely locked to the first plane fastener 4 and a seating surface 7 provided at a lower end of the back surface part. The locking member 2 is provided with a mounting string body 5 for fixing to the backrest part 20. In the hanging member 3, a second plane fastener 8 that can be detachably attached to the first plane fastener 4 is disposed on a rear surface of the back surface part 6. A projection-like elastic body 9 for supporting ischium, whose tip is directed to the rear side of a seat, is disposed at the center of the seating surface 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a seating aid for a chair (chair having a back of a back) including a seat of a passenger car or a wheelchair or the like, and reduces a physical load at the time of sitting and makes a sitting posture comfortable. The present invention relates to an improvement of a sitting assistance device that can be held for a long time.

  An appropriate seating posture according to the present invention as a premise will be described below. The human trunk and lower limbs are connected via a pelvis, and the upper part of the pelvis is connected to the fifth lumbar vertebra by the sacral base and the lower part is connected to the femoral head by a joint with the acetabulum. The bones that make up the pelvis are the sacrum, the tailbone, and the left and right hipbones. The hipbone consists of three parts: the iliac bone, the pubic bone, and the ischial bone.

  When the person is in an upright posture (the posture in which the spinal column has a double S shape when viewed from the side), the pelvis is in a vertically stable shape with the ischia positioned at the lowest side. And the state where the ear holes, shoulders (shoulders), greater trochanter (bone at the base of the hip joint), slightly forward of the knee, and the external fruit (external ankle) are in a straight line, the beautiful posture (side) The posture in which the spinal column is drawn in a double S shape as viewed from above.

  Traditionally, the posture with the back stretched like when standing upright has been oriented as an ideal beautiful figure. For this reason, chairs have been made that maintain the stretched state of the back like an upright posture when sitting, by devising the position and angle of the seat and back.

  However, if sitting in this posture, a large load is applied to the sciatic bone, and a biased load is applied to a part of the buttocks contacting the seat surface. In addition, in order to maintain the same posture for a long time, extra muscular strength was required because of the impossible posture.

Therefore, in order to maintain a comfortable sitting posture, for example, a low-resilience urethane resin may be used to devise the cushion on the seating surface so as to be suitable for body pressure dispersion (for example, Patent Document 1, (See paragraph 0024.) Cushioning materials that are placed on a chair are known.
However, even if it is said that the body pressure is dispersed, it is desirable to simply use a cushion with low resilience, but it will slowly sink according to the unevenness of the seated person's body, but it will only follow if it only sinks. It is not enough to hold the posture. In addition, since the load that is applied locally in a depressed state is not reduced, it eliminates the need for muscular strength to maintain posture and fatigue in the buttocks and hips when sitting for a long time. Was not enough.

  For example, there is a chair that has a curved backrest so that it conforms to the posture of the lumbar part of the human spine and the S-shaped curve of the cervical vertebra (for example, patents). Reference 2). However, it is a chair that holds the spine in an upright posture even when sitting, so the pelvis is sitting in a state of being held vertically with the sciatus positioned directly below, as in the upright position. However, it is still not sufficient in terms of local fatigue of the buttocks.

  Therefore, the present inventor further considers the balance between the skeleton and muscle tension in terms of ergonomic differences in posture between standing and sitting, and the back is rounded when relaxed during sitting as follows. We find that it is natural.

  First, when a person is in an upright posture, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), the two muscles of the “gastro-lumbar muscle group” 27 on the lower abdomen side and the “gluteal muscle group” 28 on the buttocks side are shown. Acts as an antagonistic muscle, so that the pelvis 22 is firmly and stably held in the “standing position” in which the sciatica is located directly below by the tension pulling each other across an unstable joint called the hip joint. That is, when standing upright, the balance is established by the tension of the front and rear antagonist muscles, so that the posture can be easily maintained without using much muscle strength.

  By the way, when a person takes a sitting posture and the hip joint bends close to 90 degrees, as shown in FIG. 10B, on the other hand, the “abdominal muscle group” 27 on the lower abdomen side is a muscle attachment portion. The position of the lumbar vertebra and the femur are close, and the stretched muscles are loosened, so the tension is weakened. On the other hand, the “gluteal muscle group” 28 on the buttock side is extended from the pelvis 22 to the femur centering on the hip joint, so that the tension is strong.

  Therefore, when the antagonistic muscles such as the iliopsoas muscle group and the gluteus muscle group that support the pelvis 22 try to balance the tension in the sitting position, the sciatic bone is positioned downward in the standing position. The pelvis 22 that is in the “tilt” is tilted so as to push the ischia forward, and the “tilted position” is obtained. That is, the muscle tension in the standing posture in which the pelvis is stabilized in the vertical position acts as the muscle tension that tilts the pelvis around the hip joint in the sitting posture.

  Then, since the pelvis as the foundation is tilted, extra muscular strength is required to maintain the vertebrae including the lumbar vertebrae positioned above the vertebrae so as to maintain a straightly extending posture. That is, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), when the pelvis 22 and the lumbar vertebra are positioned downward with the sciatic bone 23 and the direction 17 of the sciatic bottom is in a horizontal orientation as in the upright position, extra muscular strength is required. .

  So, when healthy or disabled people sit down relaxedly, the pelvis tilts naturally and the back also rounds accordingly. From the above, the sitting posture should not be ideal when it is close to the upright posture. Rather, as shown in FIG. It is easier to take the direction 17 of the “tilted position”. If you can sit comfortably in a posture with a rounded and curved back, there is no extra power, and it is natural and easy so you won't get tired even if you sit for a long time.

  The inventors of the present application have invented various chairs that support the back surface along the curvature of the back muscles based on such an idea (see, for example, Patent Document 3). If such a chair can be provided, it will be easy to maintain the posture and will not require muscle strength.However, in order to induce the natural sitting posture, the position and shape of the chair that will be the optimal sitting posture for each individual will be concretely specified. Must be sought, and it was not always easy to obtain the applicable one immediately for each person to use. Moreover, a chair as devised by the inventor of the present application must be obtained from the beginning, and cannot be used when a currently used seating tool such as a commercially available wheelchair is used.

  In addition, the upper part of a metal plate with a corset attached from the waist to the abdomen is folded and hooked on the backrest as a hook, and a cushion that supports the seater is provided near the back of the knee to reduce back pain. There is an auxiliary tool (for example, refer to Patent Document 4). This is a space directly below the buttocks, and there is no support for the seat bones, etc., 70% of the body weight is supported by the suspended corset, and the remaining 30% is supported by the cushion on the back of the knee. The waist and abdomen around which the corset is wound are restrained together, and the spine extends in an S shape for the purpose of preventing and reducing back pain. . Moreover, since it is a special chair in which the space directly below the buttocks is a hollow, it is not an auxiliary tool but is substantially the same structure as a dedicated chair.

  Also, as an aid to prevent the user from falling off the wheelchair by placing it on the wheelchair seat, place the pelvis support between the lower backrest and the pelvis so that it can come into contact with the pelvis on the back side of the user The left and right slide rods that support the pelvis support are slid back and forth on the rear ends of the left and right side frames, and the back of the knee that protrudes from the front end of the seat surface The thigh is supported by the thigh support, and the area around the buttocks is recessed to prevent it from shifting forward. This is a wheelchair aid that is prevented from moving forward as a whole (see, for example, Patent Document 5).

  The above wheelchair aid uses a cushion with a raised knee and recessed hips, and prevents the user from sliding forward by raising the knee, and the back side Is trying to support the gap that occurs in the back by adjusting the angle on the back side. However, the auxiliary tool itself has a frame that is curved to the side, and it has a double structure like a rooftop on the wheelchair seating frame. Its own load is also increasing, making it heavy and complex. Furthermore, since the frame has a pre-curved angle and the tilting portion that is the pelvic support is configured to change the angle by moving the lower base back and forth, the tilting angle and the front and back are The movement of sliding is linked, and there is no room to separate the two and adjust the angle and front and back position individually. Therefore, even if the gap between the back of the chair and the waist is filled, it does not always fit, and the effect is limited.

  In addition, the entire assisting device is prevented from moving forward by locking and fixing to the rear end of the seat with a locking device, so that the seating surface of the assisting device is free from the chair or wheelchair seating surface. The present invention, which is not directly fixed, has a different degree of freedom and is not necessarily sufficient in terms of ease of adaptation to the posture of the seated person. This is because the seated person cannot easily correct the posture during use. Furthermore, even if the angle of the arc-curved frame is variable, it is not necessarily sufficient to provide a sufficient fit and support for the pelvis if the body shape is different.

JP 2004-329812 A JP 2006-075257 A JP 2007-307347 A JP 2010-158282 A JP 2010-099453 A

  When trying to sit so that the pelvis tilts in consideration of the balance of muscle strength so that it can relax when seated, it is desirable to have a so-called stiff posture in which the buttocks move forward. However, since it comes to be seated on the near side of the chair, if it is seated as it is on a chair having a normal dorsum (backrest), the load on the back side will be greatly applied to the seat surface. Since a large load on a part of the seat surface results in a sitting posture that cannot withstand long-term use, it has been difficult to sit for a long time in a relaxed posture.

  However, not only a dedicated chair is prepared in advance, but there are also many scenes where there is little room for selection because the seat is provided in the first place like a car. Therefore, there is a demand for a sitting assistance device that assists in maintaining a comfortable posture when taking a sitting posture. And when the pelvis is tilted, the posture is different from the upright position when the spinal column was S-shaped, so the load applied due to the change in the upright position is different. It is requested to grant support.

  Accordingly, in order to provide a seating aid suitable for both healthy and handicapped persons that can be comfortably maintained for a long time while sitting at a position where the pelvis is tilted at the time of sitting, the inventor of the present application has developed a PCT / The inventors have invented a new sitting aid described in JP2014 / 69480. This is a seating aid that is used by placing the seat surface portion of the exterior body on a chair or wheelchair having a dorsumum portion, and the cushion gradually moves from the rear of the seat surface portion toward the center of the seat surface portion. The exterior body is provided with an inclined surface whose upper surface is gradually increased from the rear to the center of the seat surface, and the exterior body has a rear surface above the back of the chair or wheelchair. It is a seating assistance tool characterized by supporting a back surface and a seating surface of a seated person by being suspended from. In addition, regarding this PCT application, in the international search report, it is said that the special technical feature of the invention is a configuration using a Y-shaped reinforcing member on the back.

  Surely, according to the above invention, when the hip is seated at a position slightly moved forward and the body is about to be held on the back side, the body pressure is distributed evenly by supporting the back side as a whole, in the vicinity of the sciatica. Distributing such a load and making it difficult to concentrate locally provides a seating aid that allows the wearer to sit comfortably for a long time in a relaxed posture. Further, since it is a seating aid having a simple structure that can be placed on a seating tool having various back surfaces such as a chair (including a front seat of an automobile, etc.) and a wheelchair, it is also applicable to various chairs. It is a seating aid.

  However, even if the seating aid of the invention is used, it is not always possible to sit down deeply at an appropriate position in a single seating motion, and it is possible to perform an operation to sit down again after sitting, It is often necessary to get assistance. Thus, generally, when sitting on a chair, after sitting down and applying a load to the seating surface, the body is moved to an appropriate position by lifting the waist again and re-sitting. I often do. The reason for re-sitting is that when you sit down, you are not looking closely at the chair, but often because you are facing the front, so you cannot see the proper seating position and it is difficult to check sensuously. is there. When you sit down while facing forward, you can move the load behind with the feeling that the tip of the seat touches the back of the knee, etc., but it is difficult to grasp the opportunity to start applying the load where the seat is, It is difficult to sit down and sit down.

  In addition, the human body, such as the buttocks and the back, should be guided so that the sitting position becomes a suitable part from the rounded part, but it was not focused on such a fit. Therefore, in addition to being easy to sit down deeply, there is a demand for a seating aid with a high fit that is more likely to form a system that can more easily maintain a posture.

  Furthermore, since a person's daily life involves many movements, he / she sits in various places. Even if a comfortable seating aid is installed in one place, it only helps to support life and is not perfect. However, the current seating aid is a chair for a dining room, a seat for a car seat, a seat for a wheelchair, and a wheelchair. It is also characteristic and tends to be expensive, and it is not realistic to keep it on each place. In addition, these current seating devices do not necessarily take into account versatility, and it is practically difficult to remove them and replace them with another chair before sitting.

  In general, chairs have different shapes and sizes of seats as the height and size of the backrest are different. And many chairs have cushioning properties with thick seating surfaces because they try to secure comfort by themselves. In particular, the seats of automobiles are three-dimensional such as the seat surface and the circumference of the waist are raised so that they do not shift due to lateral loads, besides being thick cushions that can be applied to long-time driving. It has a shape. Therefore, if a thick cushion is also used for the seating assisting device itself, it becomes an excessive cushion, and the seating surface may become too high, which may cause problems in sitting. Also, if the cushion rises in the shape of the seating surface of the vehicle, the seating surface of the seating aid may be too curved, and it may be difficult to form an easy posture by obstructing the seat bone. It became difficult to apply.

  Therefore, it is desired to provide a general-purpose seating assistance device that can cover the entire life range of an individual person. In particular, there is an urgent need for such a seating assistance device from those who regularly need it. It is in a rare situation.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seating aid suitable for both healthy and disabled people that can be maintained comfortably for a long time while the pelvis is in an inclined position during use, Furthermore, even in a three-dimensional cushion chair such as the seat of an automobile, the functions that can provide a comfortable posture can be fully exerted without being hindered, and can be easily and deeply seated, and various automobiles It can be applied not only to seat shapes such as, but it also has high versatility that can be applied to various chairs and wheelchairs without changing the seating surface height from the original seating surface height. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seating assistance device that is detachable and portable and has a high compatibility with which a single seating assistance device can be used in various scenes.

  That is, when using the chair, when the buttock sits at a position slightly moved forward and the body is held on the back side, the back side is supported entirely to disperse the body pressure evenly and the sciatic bone It is a seating aid that makes it possible for a wearer to sit comfortably for a long time in a relaxed posture by dispersing the load applied in the vicinity and making it difficult to concentrate locally, and a chair (for example, It is a seating aid with a simple structure that can be placed on a seating device having various back surfaces, such as a front seat of an automobile) and a wheelchair, and an appropriate posture when using the seating aid. A seat that can be properly seated on a seating aid, and can be used by replacing it with various chairs, with an extra thick cushion that does not lift the seat more than necessary. To provide It is.

  Easier to sit in the appropriate position makes it easier to take a proper posture during use, such as reducing the amount of sit-down even when sitting alone, and the assistant helps the sitting operation. Even if it is a case, if a handicapped person can grasp a seating position and can make load movement appropriate, it will become easy to help that much. Therefore, it is desired to guide it to an appropriate position deeply during the sitting operation.

  In addition, it is not always easy for a disabled person to sit straight like a healthy person, and it may not be easy to maintain a well-positioned position by tilting to the left or right. Therefore, as a further problem, there is a demand for a sitting aid that can easily realize a stable posture state so that the user can sit down for a long time without sliding down from the chair. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seating assisting device having a mechanism that is suitable for maintaining the posture and facilitates appropriate seating.

  Means for solving the problems of the present invention include, in the first means, a locking member having a first flat fastener on the surface, a back surface portion that is tightly locked to the first flat surface fastener, and the back surface portion. It is a seating assisting device for use suspended from the back of a chair or a wheelchair, comprising a suspension member composed of a seating surface provided at the lower end of the seat, and is fixed to the back of the back by this locking member The hanging member is provided with a second flat fastener that can be detachably attached to the first flat fastener on the back surface of the hanging member, and a seating surface. The seating assisting device is characterized in that a protrusion-like elastic body for supporting a isch bone having a wedge-shaped cross section is disposed at the center of the seat.

  It is divided into two parts, a locking member and a hanging member, and the hanging member is integrated with a back part that supports the back of the seated person and a seat part that supports the buttocks of the seated person under the back part. It is. The locking member has a flat fastener on the surface, and comes into close contact with the flat fastener provided on the back surface of the back surface of the hanging member to lock the hanging member. That is, one flat fastener is a hook surface, and the other flat fastener is a loop surface.

  The locking member itself is fixed to the dorsum (back) of a chair or wheelchair with a wearing string. A buckle or the like may be provided at the front end of the wearing cord body, and the cord body may be fixed by applying tension to the backrest. For example, in the case of an automobile seat, the wearing cord body is hooked or tied under the headrest. be able to. The locking member can be attached in advance to the dorsum area, but when the hanging member is not attached, turn the locking member to the back of the backrest and fix it to the hanging position when attaching the hanging member. You can do it. Therefore, since the suspension member can be attached and detached with a flat fastener, it can be attached and used freely when it is desired to attach the suspension member without any problem even if it is attached to the backrest when not in use. Therefore, it is possible to prepare only a plurality of locking members and attach them in advance to the backs of various chairs with different heights and shapes, and a single suspension member can be carried around and attached to them. It can be used as a seating aid.

  The protrusion-like elastic body for supporting the spinal bone can be applied as long as it is an elastic material having cushioning properties such as hard foamed urethane resin or low-resilience urethane resin, and may be rubber or the like. By supporting the seat bone from the lower side while facing the seat bone, it is possible to support an easy-going comfortable posture. It only has a wedge-shaped cushion in the center of the seating surface so that the position of the isch bone does not move forward, and reproduces the conventional standing posture of supporting the load from above at a single point near the isch bone. It is different from a chair. Since the seating surface and the waist part are received and supported as a whole as a whole, the body pressure is appropriately and widely dispersed on the seating surface of the seating assisting device and the back part near the waist part.

  The second means is the first means characterized in that the second flat fastener is made of a knitted knitted fabric, and the entire back surface of the back surface portion of the hanging member is made of the knitted knitted fabric. This is a seating aid.

  The first flat fastener and the second flat fastener opposed to the first flat fastener will be tightly locked by surface contact as a whole. Then, since the force applied to each contact point is small, even if the surface property of the soft second flat fastener such as a knit knitted fabric is in a state where the flat fastener can be freely attached and detached, It can be suspended by supporting the load.

  The second flat fastener is a soft knit knitted fabric, and this is arranged on the entire back surface of the back surface of the suspension member, so that the height of the second flat fastener and the first flat fastener of the locking member is changed and closely locked. It is possible freely. Although the height of the dorsum is different depending on the chair, the close contact portion of the flat fastener can be easily adjusted so that it can be locked at an appropriate height on the seat surface.

  In the third means, the suspension member includes a core material made of a non-stretchable fabric between the surface material and the second flat fastener on the back surface, but in addition to the projecting elastic body for the seat bone support. The seating assisting device according to the first or second means, wherein the seating surface is not provided with an internal cushion for the seating surface.

  The non-stretchable core material refers to materials such as a normal woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric that are not strong and stretchable, such as canvas and tent fabric, and materials such as carbon fiber and plastic resin film. While supporting the suspension load by the core material, the seating surface is not equipped with a cushioning material inside, except for the central projecting elastic body for the seatbone support, forming a thin seat surface Is. Therefore, even if it is installed on a cushioned chair with a thick seating surface, the height of the seating surface will not be changed greatly, the heel will not stick, and the seating posture will become unstable Do not invite.

  A fourth means is the seating aid according to the third means, wherein the surface material has a warp knitted double structure.

  In the means of the present invention, the material of the surface of the hanging member can be applied in various ways such as leather and fabric. However, as in the fourth means, when the material is a warp knitted double knitted material such as a double raschel. Further, since air permeability and cushioning properties are imparted to the surface, it is preferable that the body pressure can be dispersed even when sitting for a long period of time.

  According to a fifth means, the seating surface of the suspension member includes a lead-out portion whose front end central portion protrudes forward, and the rear end center of the seating surface is curved in an arc shape so as to swell rearward. Further, the seating aid according to any one of the first to fourth means, characterized in that the lower portion of the back surface portion is formed in a curved shape along the curved shape of the rear end of the seating surface.

  In this means, the seating part is shaped like a plan view of the bicycle saddle, and the front part of the seating part is provided with a pull-out part protruding forward like a saddle nose, and the rear part of the seating part is the center. Is curved in an arc shape so as to be deep. The seating portion may be of a size that wraps around the buttock of the seated person, and is curved forward so that the center is deep and both ends are shallow, according to the curvature of the buttock, and further, the saddle of the bicycle. As described above, the movement of the front leg is not restrained from the base of both legs, and the seating part projects only the crotch part of the center part forward.

  Furthermore, the drawer portion can be pulled by a seated person by putting one hand in his crotch and holding it and pulling it forward. By pulling with one hand, the seated person can easily sit deeply, and the back surface and the seating surface are in close contact with the waist and buttocks. You don't have to sit down and sit down at once. Also, because the seating aid can be pulled out easily, unlike the case of sitting in a chair, the seated person must sit on the seat surface that has been pulled forward rather than moving backward. Since it can move in a suspended state, it can sit comfortably deeply as if calling.

  When the sitting aid of the present invention is installed in a chair or wheelchair, a healthy person or a handicapped person can easily take an easy relaxed posture in which the pelvis is tilted to push the sciatica forward, The sitting posture can be maintained for a long time. And since the exterior body abuts so as to wrap from the back of the seat to the back of the seat from the back of the seated person to the waist, the load of the seated person can be widely dispersed, and it can be avoided that the load concentrates locally. Even if you sit for a long time, it will be less fatigued.

  When the pelvis is seated in a state where the ischia is tilted forward (relaxed posture), the sciatica tilted by the inclined surface of the upper surface of the seating surface of the seating aid of the present invention is received from the bottom. Then, the cushion on the seating surface can be supported in contact with the sciatic bone (the direction of the sciatic bottom) with the inclined surface inclined, so that it remains in an easy-to-go posture. The load can be supported appropriately and sufficiently from below the sciatica. At that time, since the stretchable material supports the back side so as to wrap, the load does not concentrate on one point of the cushion material received under the sciatic bone, and the body pressure is appropriately dispersed. And since the function is fully fulfilled by supporting the sciatic portion on the inclined surface of the seat surface, it is not necessary to extend the seat surface long under the knee, and it can be made compact.

  Since it is divided into a locking member and a hanging member and is detachable, even if only the locking member is attached to the back of the chair, the locking member can be turned to the back of the back of the chair without causing any trouble. If the suspension member is tightly locked with a flat fastener, the function as a seating aid can be immediately demonstrated.

  Since the locking member can be fixed to the dorsum of various chairs, it becomes a highly versatile seating aid that can be used by applying the hanging member even if the chair has a different height or shape. . Then, if the locking members are respectively attached to various chairs in advance, one hanging member can be carried and used, so that it can also be used. Therefore, it is possible to realize a portable use, and it is practically possible to carry and use it without preparing a number of sitting aids in the living area.

  Furthermore, by using the back of the back portion as a knit knitted material, it is possible to provide a wide loop surface that is in close contact with the hook surface of the flat fastener, and the weight can be fully supported because the load is supported by the entire surface. And if it is a knit material, since it can apply to the whole back surface of a back part, the attachment height of a locking member can be changed freely. Then, since it can attach according to the backrest shape of various chairs, versatility, versatility, and portability can be actually ensured.

  Further, since the seating surface is thin and does not require a height, the seated person's sitting height does not become too high due to the use of the seating aid. Therefore, even a thick seat such as an automobile seat can be suitably used without being obstructed. In addition, the seating surface and the side of the back part may be pushed forward three-dimensionally because it is a thin seating assisting device against the swelling of a three-dimensionally projecting automobile bucket seat. Can be used without being hindered by these three-dimensional shapes.

  In addition, by providing a projecting portion serving as a seat surface extraction part at the front center of the seating surface, it is easy for the seated person or an assistant to pull the seat surface forward after sitting. As a result, the contact between the back side and the back becomes closer, and the body pressure distribution becomes more appropriate. The seated person does not sit deeply in advance, but by pulling the seating surface of the seating assisting device forward, it does not move himself but moves the seating assisting device side by simply putting one hand into the crotch. But you can. Since it is not necessary to move his / her body weight backward in order to sit deeply like a normal chair, it is possible to sit deeply without greatly changing the posture, and the burden on the seated person is small and easy.

  Also, if the center of the crotch protrudes from the center, the thigh is not covered with the seating surface, so that the support of the buttocks can be obtained sufficiently, but the movement of the legs is not hindered. The movement of the leg beyond the base is not constrained. Therefore, it is also suitable for a sitting posture with leg movements such as driving a car.

  Furthermore, in the case of a disabled person who cannot normally maintain his / her posture when sitting, his / her body tilts to the left or right and leans forward so that it is difficult to experience the comfortable posture provided by the seating aid. However, in the case of the present invention, the rear side of the seating surface is rounded and arcuate, and the back side is also curved forward along the back. Then, when seated under a load, it will completely wrap around the waist, so the body pressure will be properly distributed and it will be naturally guided by being completely wrapped in the normal posture you want to maintain Also, posture maintenance is easy.

  In particular, when driving a vehicle that holds a steering wheel, it is easy to be shaken with a lateral G on the left and right, and the posture is easily lost. In addition, if you get tired, your body may lean forward on the front handle, but it will keep your head down and hold it tightly to reduce fatigue. The time posture can be correctly maintained.

It is the figure which showed the state which attached and detached the latching member and suspension member of the seating assistance instrument as described in embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the state which made the latching member and the suspension member contact | adhere the seating assistance instrument of embodiment of this invention, and the attachment height of the 1st plane fastener is shown by (a) and (b). Are different. As one of the suspension members according to the embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a leather material on the front surface, (b) is a loop surface (indicated by diagonal lines) of a knit knitting on the back surface, and a second flat fastener is used. It is an expanded view which shows the state before sewing a back surface part and a seating surface in the case of being. It is an expanded view which shows an example of arrangement | positioning of the interlining in the hanging member of embodiment of this invention. In the suspension member of embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning state which accumulated the surface, the interlining, and the back surface. It is the expanded view which showed the step before sewing a back surface part and a seating surface in three dimensions from the back surface side. It is the figure which showed the seating surface of the seating assistance instrument of this invention. (A) is a plan view of the seating surface, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB. The locking member of the seating assistance tool of this invention is shown. (A) is the back surface, (b) is the front surface, and the diagonal lines mean the hook surface of the first flat fastener. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which the locking member is in close contact with the center of the back surface of the seating aid of the present invention on the development view of FIG. 5. The oblique line indicates the loop surface of the second flat fastener. As a conventional example, (a) when sitting on a normal high-back chair with his back along, and (b) showing the orientation of the human lumbar vertebra and pelvis when relaxed. It is the figure which showed the mode of the iliopsoas muscle group and the gluteus muscle group in the state where (a) standing position and (b) sitting position with the pelvis located below the sciatic bone. It is the graph which showed the measurement result of the body pressure dispersion | distribution in the time of use when the seating assistance device of this invention was installed in the motor vehicle seat, and the time of non-use.

  Hereinafter, the case where the seating aid of the embodiment of the present invention is applied mainly to a seat surface of a car seat will be described as appropriate with reference to the drawings. In addition, even if it is a chair or a wheelchair, there is no change in the basic usage of attaching a locking member to the back of the back and attaching the hanging member to the back via a flat fastener. The present invention is basically applicable to any chair that can be seated.

  The seating assisting tool 1 of the present invention is such that the seated posture of the seated person 21 is not the position where the sciatic bone 23 is straight down as when the pelvis 22 is upright, but the sciatic bone 23 is inclined. It can be used in a relaxed posture in which the pelvis 22 is seated in a slightly inclined posture. At the time of sitting, the sciatic bone 23 is placed on the inclined surface 9 (inclination angle of about 20 degrees) of the seating surface portion that becomes higher from the back of the seating surface toward the center so as to face the inclination of the sciatic bone 23 (direction 17 of the sciatic bottom). The body of the seated person 21 can be comfortably held and comfortably supported with the entire back surface 6 and the seating surface 7 of the seating aid 1 of the present invention. The body pressure can be dispersed to sit for a long time. The means of the present invention can be embodied in the configurations of the following embodiments.

A seating aid 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a state before the locking member 2 and the suspension member 3 of the seating aid are brought into close contact with each other. The hatched portion at the center of the locking member 2 is the hook portion of the first flat fastener, and this is locked by being in close contact with the loop portion of the second flat fastener on the back surface of the hanging member 3. Become. Since the second flat fastener 8 is a knitted fabric disposed on the entire back surface, as shown in FIG. 2, the mounting height of the locking member 2 is variable up and down, and the back portion 20 of the chair Depending on the height of the backrest and the difference in size, it is possible to change the hanging height as appropriate.

  The attachment string body 5 of the locking member 2 is appropriately provided with a buckle 13 at the tip, and although not shown, it can be securely fastened to the upper part of the backrest of the chair. If it ’s a car seat, you can hook it on the headrest.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the suspension member 3 is composed of a back surface portion 6 that holds the back of the seated person and a seating surface 7 that supports the buttocks, and the back surface portion along the curve behind the seating surface 7. Since 6 also has a curved surface in three dimensions, as a result, it closely approaches the curvature around the seated person's waist.

  The seated person sits at a position where his / her own seat bone is brought into contact with the projecting elastic body 9 for supporting the seat bone. However, the seated person can sit at an appropriate position by sitting deeply even if he / she sits facing forward. is not. Therefore, with the lower back slightly lifted, the pulling portion 12 at the front center of the seating surface 7 is grasped with one hand and pulled forward, the seating surface is moved to an appropriate position, and then seated with a deep load. To. By doing so, the sitting posture can be corrected only by raising the waist slightly without moving the posture back and forth, and no burden is applied.

  Now, as shown in FIG. 3A, the surface of the suspension member 3 can be selected from a material that does not feel uncomfortable with a car seat such as a leather material. Of course, a material with good air permeability such as double raschel and good body pressure dispersion may be used, but even if the material is highly compatible with car seats such as fabric or leather material, the core material 11 shown in FIG. 4 supports it. Can be used without problems. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the lining can be applied with a knitted knitted fabric that becomes the second flat fastener 8 over the entire surface. Since the loop portion of the flat fastener is provided on the top, the height adjustment width capable of tightly locking the flat fastener of the hook portion is ensured very large.

  The suspension member 3 has, for example, a back portion with a height of 680 mm, a lower end width of 460 mm, an upper end width of 110 mm, a seating surface depth of 375 mm, and a rear 80 mm curved arc. The triangular seating surface that slightly swells from the end toward the front center has a pull-out portion 12 at the front center, as seen in plan view of the bicycle saddle. The pull-out portion is 90 mm long and 60 mm wide, and the tip is rounded. It is formed in a nose shape.

  The suspension member 3 has a core material 11 having a shape shown in FIG. 4 arranged on a knitted knitted fabric of the second flat fastener 8 on the back surface, and the core material is a material that is difficult to stretch, such as a tent fabric or a canvas. It is. In the center of the seating surface, a cushion of hard foamed urethane resin is disposed on the interlining 11 as a protrusion-like elastic body 9 for seatbone support as shown in FIG. The cushion with a wedge-shaped cross-section has a higher tip and is in contact with the isch at an angle, so that it closely contacts the isch when in a stiff posture.

  And as shown in FIG. 5, the three materials of the lining, the core material, and the outer material are sewn together, and the back portion and the seating surface are along the left and right curves on the rear end side of the seating surface 7, Since the back portion is sewn, the back side has a natural curve that follows the curvature of the waist. These sewing operations can be normally performed with a sewing machine or the like.

  Next, the locking member 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 7. The left and right attachment string bodies 5 extend from the back side toward the upper left and the right. The attachment string may be a plastic such as nylon or polypropylene, or a fabric such as canvas, but it is preferable that the attachment string is not stretched. A material that can withstand a load such as a belt material used for a seat belt is desirable. And, if the tip of the string is provided with a buckle so that it can be easily attached and detached, it is easy to attach the locking member to various chairs.

  Regarding the size of the locking member, for example, the mounting surface of the first flat fastener 4 is 200 mm long, 100 mm wide, and the string width is 20 mm. If the length of the attachment string 5 is determined for each chair, it is possible to prevent a mistake in attaching the attachment height position. On the other hand, in view of versatility, the length of the string may be appropriately adjustable.

  The hook surface of the first flat fastener 4 is arranged on the entire surface of the locking member 2. It is desirable that a certain amount of area be ensured because the pressure is dispersed and locked by closely contacting the surface. And although the position of the locking member 2 may differ for every chair, since the 2nd plane fastener 8 is distribute | arranged to the whole surface like FIG. 8, in order to suspend appropriately, a suspension member Since the mounting height can be adjusted, it is possible to secure a wide range of usage methods such as hanging. Therefore, even if the suspension member 3 is carried around and used for each scene such as a car seat, a dining chair, or a desk chair, the suspension member 3 can be used in combination.

  As described above, the seating surface auxiliary tool 1 of the present invention attaches the locking member 2 to the backrest of the chair and suspends the seating surface 7 near the height of the original chair so that the seating surface 7 floats. The member 3 is used so that the flat fasteners 4 and 8 are brought into close contact with each other and locked. Since the height of the seating surface does not increase and the movement of the legs is not disturbed, it is suitable for sitting with driving such as driving a car, and since the height does not change, even in scenes with a ceiling like a vehicle Can be used without And when the vehicle is alighted, the suspension member 3 can be removed from the engagement member 2 and carried, and attached to the engagement member 2 of the chair in the room. Therefore, the suspension member 3 can be carried and used for a single purpose. .

(Measurement of body pressure dispersion)
The measurement of the load of the seated person (healthy person) when the seating assist device of the present invention was used for the driver's seat of the automobile and the seated seat without being used was measured by a measuring instrument and evaluated. . A portable contact pressure measuring device “Palm Q CR-490” manufactured by Cape Co., Ltd. is used for the measurement, and a sensor pad is installed around the abutment of the ischium, and the center of the ascia and the left side of the b isch , C front, d ischial right side, e back, the pressure applied to 5 points was measured respectively. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the measurement results.

  As a result of the measurement, it was confirmed that the load at each of the center, left, right, and rear portions increased when the seating aid was not used compared to when it was used. Since this measuring instrument measures the load around the sciatic bone in a narrow range, it can be seen that the body load is concentrated around the sciatic bone when the seating aid is not used. If you concentrate without being dispersed, you will get tired if you sit for a long time, so it will not be suitable for long driving. This is because a part of the body remains tense due to the local load, and fatigue accumulates.

  On the other hand, when sitting on the product of the present invention, the values of the five measurement points all show low values, and not only a bias to one point was recognized, but overall the body pressure of the person who was seated Is distributed evenly, and even if the dispersed pressure is accumulated at five locations, the value is smaller than when not used, so the body pressure is more widely dispersed It has been suggested.

  Specifically, the measured values when the sitting aid is not used are a: 56.1, b: 117.1, c: 33.3, d: 77.3, e: 9.3. (The unit was mmhg). It can be seen that tilting is easy because the difference between b and d is recognized.

  On the other hand, the measured values when using the sitting aid were a: 44.4, b: 56.5, c: 33.3, d: 54.1, e: 5.6 (unit: mmhg). It was. The numerical value as a whole is small, indicating that the pressure is distributed. Also, the measured values on the left and right of b and d are almost equal. This indicates that the left and right are balanced and there is no difference between the left and right. Since there is no extra inclination, extra load is less likely to occur on the upper trunk and neck. The biased muscle activity is reduced by that amount, and a relaxed state is obtained. As a result, it can be said that stiff shoulders will be prevented or reduced.

(Changes in seating posture when using seating aids in the driver's seat of a car)
We examined how the posture changes with long-time driving when the sitting assistance device is installed in the driver's seat of the car and when it is not used. The experiment was performed on subjects with spinal cord injuries and healthy subjects, and the changes in posture before and after riding on a passenger car for 2 hours were compared for each case with and without a seating aid.

(1. Subjects who have injured spinal cord)
The test subject is a woman in his twenties who tends to bend forward and bend down to bend around the middle of the spine. When the seating aid of the present invention is not used, the back of the seat cannot be put on, the upper part of the back bends diagonally forward, both arms are placed on the handle, and the head is directly above the handle. It looks like it sticks out close, and if it is left as it is, it will face downward, so it will be a posture that forcibly raises its head with the power of the neck and looks forward. Even when looking forward, the line of sight is lowered by the amount of bending. Because of the unreasonable posture, after running for 15 minutes, my waist hurts and I can't stand the left and right curves, so I can only run slowly.

  When seated with a seating aid, the chest can be raised to maintain the posture even though the spinal cord is damaged, and the head can naturally face forward without tilting forward. It was. Therefore, there was little fatigue, and continuous operation for 2 hours could be carried out. Also, it was difficult for the posture to be shaken even on a curve, and it was possible to continue driving without reducing the speed excessively.

(2. For healthy people)

  In normal subjects, while continuing to drive without using the sitting assistance device, the initial posture collapsed, the shoulders rounded, and the head tilted forward. As time went on, the jaws came out, a gap with the chair was created around the pelvis and lumbar spine, and the upper part of the rib cage gradually became rounded and collapsed.

  However, when a healthy person uses a seating assist device, the pelvis and back pain are firmly supported and a comfortable system can be maintained, so that the rib cage is kept straight without being collapsed and leaned against the back As a result, the neck and head were also positioned straight on the chest, and the posture did not collapse. Thus, a forward-looking posture can be obtained naturally, and a comfortable and appropriate driving position can be formed comfortably.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seating assistance instrument 2 Locking member 3 Hanging member 4 1st plane fastener 5 Attaching string body 6 Back surface 7 Seating surface 8 2nd plane fastener 9 Protruding elastic body for seat bone support 10 Surface material 11 Core material 12 Pull-out Part 13 Buckle 17 Direction of the bottom surface of the sciatic bone 20 Back of the heel (back)
21 seated person 22 pelvis 23 sciatic bone 27 iliopsoas muscle group 28 gluteal muscle group

Claims (5)

A locking member (2) having a first flat fastener (4) on the surface;
A chair or a suspension member (3) composed of a back surface portion (6) tightly locked to the first flat fastener (4) and a seating surface (7) provided at the lower end of the back surface portion; A sitting aid for use by hanging from the back of the wheelchair (20),
This locking member (2) is equipped with a mounting string (5) for fixing to the dorsum (20),
The suspension member (3) is provided with a second planar fastener (8) that can be detachably attached to the first planar fastener (4) on the back surface of the back surface portion (6).
Furthermore, a protruding wedge-shaped elastic body (9) having a wedge-shaped cross section with the tip directed toward the rear of the seating surface is disposed at the center of the seating surface (7).
A seating aid (1) characterized by   The said 2nd plane fastener (8) consists of knitted fabrics, The whole back surface of the back surface part (6) of a suspension member (3) is comprised by this knitted fabric. The sitting aid (1) according to 1. The hanging member (3) includes a core material (11) made of a non-stretchable fabric between the surface material (10) and the second flat fastener (8) on the back surface,
The seating assisting device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in addition to the projecting elastic body (9) for the seatbone support, an internal cushion for the seating surface (7) is not provided.   The seating aid (1) according to claim 3, wherein the surface material (10) has a warp knitted double structure.   The seating surface (7) of the suspending member (3) is provided with a drawer part (12) whose front end central portion projects forward, and the rear end center of the seating surface (7) is arcuate so as to swell rearward. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the back surface portion (6) is formed in a curved shape along the curved shape of the rear end of the seating surface. The sitting aid (1) according to item.

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