JP2017069999A - Electrostatic induction generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrostatic induction generator in which moment of inertia per unit area of a charged film is reduced to increase power generation efficiency.SOLUTION: The electrostatic induction generator includes a housing, a disk-shaped second substrate, charging films, counter electrodes, and an output part for outputting electric power generated between the charging films and the counter electrodes. The counter electrodes are installed on a first counter surface of a first substrate. The charging films are disposed on a second counter surface of a second substrate opposed to the first counter surface. On the second counter surface of the second substrate, the charging films and spacing portions where the charging films are not installed are alternately disposed for every predetermined angle. A plurality of sets of power generation parts each including the first substrate, the charging films, the second substrate, the counter electrodes, and the output part is installed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation device, a power generator, and a portable electric device using electrostatic induction, and more particularly, to a wristwatch and other portable timepieces. As the energy source of the power generator of the present invention, it is possible to use kinetic energy widely present in the environment, such as human body motion, machine vibration, and the like. As a whole, the present invention relates to a power generator that increases the power generation efficiency by reducing the moment of inertia per unit area of the disk of the rotating member.

  In recent years, a practical power generator using electrostatic induction by an electret material has been developed. The electrostatic induction is a phenomenon in which when a charged object is brought close to a conductor, charges having a polarity opposite to that of the charged object are attracted. A power generation device using an electrostatic induction phenomenon is a structure in which a “film for holding electric charges” (hereinafter referred to as a charged film) and a counter electrode are arranged, and is induced by relatively moving both of them using this phenomenon. It is the power generation that takes out the electric charge.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for schematically explaining the principle of power generation using the electrostatic induction phenomenon.

  Taking the case of an electret material as an example, the electret is a kind of a charged film in which an electric charge is injected into a dielectric and generates an electrostatic field semipermanently. In the power generation by this electret, as shown in FIG. 1, an induced electric charge is generated in the counter electrode by the electrostatic field formed by the electret, and if the area of the overlap between the electret and the counter electrode is changed (vibration, etc.) An alternating current can be generated in the circuit. The power generation by this electret has a relatively simple structure and is advantageous in that a higher output can be obtained in the low frequency region than that by electromagnetic induction, and has recently attracted attention as so-called “energy harvesting”.

  Until now, in a wristwatch, the rotating weight was supported by a ball bearing, and the power generation amount was increased by transmitting it through the speed increasing gear mechanism to the train wheel from the rotating weight to the power generation rotor (electromagnetic induction generator). Patent Document 1 discloses this. “Wheel train” refers to a gear transmission mechanism used in a timepiece, and the gear on the input side rotating shaft meshes with a gear having a small number of teeth called “kana” on the rotating shaft on the output side. Often refers to a series of gear trains.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an electrostatic induction power generation device that transmits the rotation of a rotating weight due to the movement of an arm swing through a speed increasing gear mechanism to perform relative rotation of an electret film and an electrode. ing. In such a rotary power generation apparatus using an electret film, it has been considered that as the area between the electret film and the electrode is increased, a power generation amount corresponding to the enlarged amount can be obtained. However, in power generation that uses small external energy such as human movement, if the area of the rotating disk provided with the electret film is expanded, the moment of inertia of the rotating disk significantly increases and the amount of rotation decreases. This will offset the increase in power generation due to the increase in area. For this reason, in the rotary power generator, increasing the area between the electret film and the electrode has a problem that a power generation amount corresponding to the area cannot be obtained.

  When this prior art is applied to a wristwatch, even if it is intended to increase the area of the rotating disk provided with the electret film, a space for the hand movement mechanism and display device is required in addition to the power generation mechanism. It is impossible to fill all spaces with the power generation unit alone. For this reason, there has been a restriction on the increase in the amount of power generated by expanding the area of a single rotating disk.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which a plurality of generator devices are connected to an electric power generation system using an energy source such as wind. In this system, an impeller drives a drive gear by wind power, and a plurality of generator devices provided in excess are connected to the drive gear. The plurality of generators are provided with a clutch between the drive gear and the generator so that the damaged generator can be disconnected from the drive source when any of the generators is damaged. Therefore, the purpose of installing multiple generators is not to increase the amount of power generation, but to construct a backup system, that is, a redundant system, in which the continued operation of the system is not disturbed by a damaged generator. belongs to. Moreover, this prior art is a technology that has nothing to do with the electrostatic induction power generation device using the electret film.

JP 2000-147159 A JP 2011-072070 A Japanese Patent No. 5591802

  An object of the present invention is to increase the power generation efficiency by reducing the moment of inertia per unit area of a disk of a rotating member as a whole in an electrostatic induction generator.

  The present invention includes a housing, a first substrate fixed to the housing, a disc-shaped second substrate having a shaft rotatably supported by the housing, a charging film, a counter electrode, and the charging film. And an output section for outputting electric power generated between the counter electrodes, the counter electrode is disposed on a first counter surface of the first substrate, and the charging film is opposed to the first counter surface. The second opposing surface of the two substrates is disposed on the second opposing surface, and the charging film and the interval portion where the charging film is not provided are alternately arranged at predetermined angles on the second opposing surface of the second substrate. An electrostatic induction generator in which a plurality of sets of power generation units each including the first substrate, the charging film, the second substrate, the counter electrode, and the output unit are installed.

  In the electrostatic induction generator as a whole, the power generation efficiency was increased by reducing the moment of inertia per unit area of the disk of the rotating member. In addition, by providing a plurality of power generation units, the diameter of the rotating member can be reduced, which helps to reduce the thickness of the power generation unit, increases the degree of freedom in layout of the power generation unit, and efficiently utilizes the space. Can do.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates typically the principle of the electric power generation using an electrostatic induction phenomenon. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention. It is typical sectional drawing regarding the XX line of FIG. 2 of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which removed a part of 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a perspective view which shows a part of 1st Embodiment of this invention. (B) is a sectional view of the adjusting screw 9. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the speed-up gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the speed-up gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the speed-up gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the speed-up gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the speed-up gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a top view of the surface of the rotation member of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. (B) is a top view of the back surface of the rotating member of the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) has shown the charging film of 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the 1st electrode O of the counter electrode 2, the 2nd electrode E, and a rectifier circuit. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the electric power generation between the charging film of 1st Embodiment of this invention, and a counter electrode. It is a top view of the fixed electrode board | substrate 38 of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the table | surface which compared the moment of inertia of N piece of rotation members, and one piece of equal area rotation member. It is explanatory drawing explaining the influence of the inclination of a rotation member. It is explanatory drawing explaining the total moment of inertia of an electric power generation part. It is explanatory drawing explaining the type | formula of the total moment of inertia of an electric power generation part. It is a table | surface which shows the relationship between the combination of speed increasing ratio, and a total moment of inertia. (A), (b) is explanatory drawing explaining the phase difference of each electric power generation part of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 18 is a detailed explanatory diagram of FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining an electrostatic load torque. It is the graph which showed the electrostatic load torque which acts on each electric power generation part of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the counter electrode and rectifier circuit of 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the counter electrode and rectifier circuit of 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed arrangement | positioning of the charging film and counter electrode of the rotating member in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the speed-up gear train of 5th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. About each embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part of the same structure, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In the following embodiments, a wristwatch will be described as an example, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to a wristwatch. The present invention can also be applied to other electronic electric devices with portable electrostatic induction generators.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 2 of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view with a part of the first embodiment of the present invention removed. FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing a part of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting screw 9. 6-7 is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the speed-up gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. Hereinafter, a first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The first embodiment is applied to a portable electronic timepiece such as a wristwatch, and an outline thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 shows a watch movement in which each member is assembled on the main plate 35. In FIG. 2, some of the members are omitted, and mainly characteristic portions of the present embodiment are displayed. As shown in FIG. 3, a dial 41, an hour hand 44, a minute hand 43, and a second hand 42 are provided on the back side of the movement of FIG. 2. On the front side as a wristwatch, that is, in the lower part of FIG. 3, a movement is inserted into an outer casing (not shown) to which a windshield (not shown) is attached, and the exterior is covered with a back cover (not shown) from the upper part of FIG. Sealed in a casing. Hereinafter, the terms “upper” and “lower” refer to the upper and lower sides in the cross-sectional view of FIG. The same applies to the perspective view of FIG. Therefore, the windshield is at the lower side of FIGS. 2 and 3, and the back cover is attached at the upper side.

  In the arrangement area Z of FIG. 4, a member for functioning as a quartz movement is arranged. A crystal resonator, an electronic circuit board, a coil, a step motor, a hand movement mechanism P, a secondary battery, and the like are arranged. An oscillation circuit, a frequency dividing circuit, a step motor driving circuit, a power supply circuit, and the like are incorporated in the electronic circuit board. The hand movement mechanism portion P is a wheel train portion configured by the gear train gear trains 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 for driving the hands (42, 43, and 44), as seen in a dotted line in FIG. In addition, the vacant space is disposed directly below the ball bearing 51 of the rotary weight 10. The second hand 42, the minute hand 43, and the hour hand 44 are driven by one or a plurality of stepping motors to drive the hand train gear trains 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26, respectively. 6 is driven. For driving the minute hand 43 and the hour hand 44, a gear mechanism called a minute mechanism (clock terminology) is often used. There is a case where the second hand 42 is not provided.

  A sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. A first wheel train receiver 33 and a second wheel train receiver 34 that support a gear train and the like are screwed to the main plate 35 via a spacer or the like. The terms “base plate”, “receiver”, and “train wheel” are commonly used in the case of a wristwatch or the like, and the main plate 35, the first wheel train receiver 33, and the second wheel train receiver 34 constitute a part of the housing. . Hereinafter, the housing will be described as including the main plate 35, the first wheel train receiver 33, the second wheel train receiver 34, and other receiving plates.

  The main plate as a watch term is a kind of housing, and means a base, a support plate, an interior casing, and the like that incorporate various parts. In the present embodiment, the ground plane 35 is a plate-like member, but is not limited to this. Further, the backing plate is a term often used when supporting the shaft of a rotating body and fixing / holding parts. The train wheel refers to a gear transmission mechanism used in a timepiece as described above.

  The rotary weight 10 is attached to the first wheel train bridge 33 via the ball bearing 51 with three screws 48. A weight 10 ′ is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the semicircular disk of the rotating weight 10 by spot welding, and the rotating weight 10 causes rotation by using a movement of an arm swing or the like. The drive gear 11 is integrally fixed to the rotary weight 10 with a screw 49. An outer ring 52 of a ball bearing 51 is press-fitted into the inner peripheral surface of the drive gear 11. On the other hand, the inner ring 53 of the ball bearing 51 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the fixed plate 32 with a clearance fit. When the fixing plate 32 is fixed to the first train wheel bridge 33 with the screw 37, the drive gear 11 and the ball bearing 51 integrated with the rotary weight 10 are fixed together. When the rotary weight 10 rotates, the drive gear 11 integrated with the rotary weight 10 by the screw 49 is supported by the ball bearing 51 and is rotated with respect to the housing (first wheel train receiver 33). . That is, the rotary weight 10 is rotatably supported in a cantilever manner by the ball bearing 51. The rotary weight 10, the drive gear 11, the ball bearing 51, and the fixing plate 32 constitute a single rotary weight unit so that it can be integrally fixed to the first wheel train receiver 33 with three screws 48. It has become.

  Next, a gear train in which the rotation of the rotary weight 10 is increased and the rotation is transmitted to the rotating member 4A (also referred to as a second substrate) of the power generation unit A will be described. In the present embodiment, there are four power generation units, which are denoted by reference signs A to D. The rotating members are also denoted by reference numerals 4A to 4D corresponding to the power generation units (the rotating members 4A to 4D may be collectively referred to as the rotating member 4). The number of power generation units is not limited to four, and a plurality of power generation units may be present. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the gear train is a speed increasing gear that transmits the rotation to the rotating member 4 </ b> A (second substrate) of the power generation unit by increasing the rotation speed of the rotary weight 10. It is comprised from the connection gear trains 15 and 16 which transmit rotation to the other rotation member 4B-D of the electric power generation part installed in multiple sets from the row | line | column 11-16 and rotation member 4A.

As shown in FIG. 6a, the connecting gear trains 15 and 16 may be formed in an L shape with respect to one row of the speed increasing gear trains 11 to 16, but the reverse T-shape as shown in FIGS. With the inverted Y-shaped connecting gear structure, the transmission efficiency of the rotational driving force is further improved for the following reason.
In the L-shaped connecting gear configuration of FIG. 6 a, the power generation unit A includes gears 11 and 12, 13 and 14, 15 and 16 squeezers 12, from the rotary weight 10 to the power generation units A to D. There are three sets including 14 and 16, four power generation units B, five power generation units C, and six power generation units D. On the other hand, in the inverted T-shaped connecting gear configuration of FIG. 6B, there are four power generation units A, three power generation units B, four power generation units C, and five power generation units D. There is no path through the six gears from the power generation unit to the power generation unit. The rotational driving force transmitted by the connecting gear is expected to be 5 to 15% per gear, and a loss of 20% at most. Therefore, when the transmission efficiency of the rotational driving force, that is, when the power generation efficiency of the generator is important, An inverted T-shaped connection gear configuration is more suitable than an L-shape.

  FIG. 6c is an example in which the connecting gear is configured in an inverted Y shape, and the gear 13 of the speed increasing gear is connected to the gear 14 of the power generation unit B and the gear 14 of the power generation unit C. The gear 15 of the speed increasing gear train of the power generation unit B is connected to the connection gears 15 and 16 of the power generation unit A. On the other hand, the gear 15 of the speed increasing gear train of the power generation unit C is connected to the connection gears 15 and 16 of the power generation unit D. The number of gears that pass from the rotary weight 10 to the power generation unit is four power generation units A and D, and three power generation units B and C. Compared with FIGS. Therefore, the transmission efficiency of the rotational driving force can be increased.

  FIG. 6d is a modification of the inverted Y-shaped connecting gear configuration. One row of speed increasing gear trains leading to the power generation units A, D rotates the rotating members 4A, 4D by gears 11-16. For the power generation units B and C, the gears 14, 15, and 16 of the coupling gear train are taken out from the gear 13 of the speed increasing gear train that reaches the power generation unit A, and the rotating member 4B rotates. As for the power generation unit C, the rotating member 4C is rotated by the connecting gear train from the gear 13 of the speed increasing gear train reaching the power generation unit D. There are three power generation units A to D among the gears extending from the rotary weight 10 to the power generation unit, and the maximum number of intervening gears is smaller than that in FIG. Can be high.

  As shown in the form of FIG. 7, in order to effectively use the space for arranging the ground plane, the two gears 16 are directly connected to one gear 15 of the connecting gear train to connect the two power generation units A and C. It is also possible to do. Also. When the outer periphery of the plurality of sets of power generation units is laid out along the inner periphery of the housing, that is, the outer periphery of the ground plane 35, the space can be efficiently used. Then, the hand movement mechanism P can be disposed just below the ball bearing 51 of the rotary weight 10 by effectively utilizing the vacant space.

  The rotating weight 10 rotated by the swinging motion of the arm rotates the rotating member 4 while increasing the speed by the gear trains 11 to 16. A gear (also referred to as “kana” in clock terms) 12 and a gear 13 are fixed to the shaft 6. A gear 14 and a gear 15 are fixed to the shaft 7. A gear (kana) 16 and a rotating member 4 are fixed to the shaft 8. The shafts 6 to 8 are respectively supported by upper and lower bearings 50 and 50 between the main plate 35 and the second train wheel bridge 34. The first wheel train receiver 33 and the second wheel train receiver 34 are configured as separate members. As shown in FIG. 3, the height of the second wheel train receiver 34 is higher than that of the first wheel train receiver 33. For this reason, the drive gear 11 can be directly meshed with the gear 12 fixed to the shaft 6.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the second train wheel bridge 34 is fixed at both ends to the main plate 35 with screws 46 and 46. The receiving plate 36 is also fixed to the ground plate 35 with screws 45. Since the second wheel train receiver 34 supports the rotating members 4A to D of the power generation units A to D installed in a plurality of sets with a single plate, at least one of the holding positions of the second wheel train receiver 34 is each It must exist in a narrow area sandwiched between power generation units. In the present embodiment, the second wheel train bridge 34 is fixed to the main plate 35 with screws 47.

  The drive gear 11 meshes with the gear 12 of the shaft 6 and rotates the shaft 6. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 12 with respect to the drive gear 11 is referred to as a first speed increasing ratio. The gear 13 of the shaft 6 meshes with the gear 14 of the shaft 7 and rotates the shaft 7. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 14 with respect to the gear 13 is referred to as a second speed increasing ratio. The gear 15 of the shaft 7 meshes with the gear 16 of the shaft 8 and rotates the shaft 8. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 16 with respect to the gear 15 is referred to as a third speed increasing ratio. In the present embodiment, the gear train has three stages, but is not limited to this, and may be the first stage, the second stage, and the N stage (N is an integer) (the Nth speed increase ratio is increased by the Nth increase). Called speed ratio). In the present embodiment, rotations in both forward and reverse directions of the rotary weight 10 may be converted into rotations in one direction by providing a conversion clutch mechanism. Of the rotations of the rotating weight 10 in both forward and reverse directions, only rotation in one direction may be transmitted.

  The rotating member 4 is fixed to the shaft 8 together with the gear 16 of the speed increasing gear train. The charging film 3 is disposed on the lower surface (second opposing surface) of the rotating member (second substrate) 4, and the upper surface (first opposing surface) of the opposing substrate 1 is opposed to the charging film 3. The counter electrode 2 is installed (see FIG. 3). The counter electrode 1 of the counter substrate 1 is fixed to the receiving plate 36 with screws 59 from below so that the counter electrode 2 faces upward. A reference surface R is formed on the receiving plate 36 so that variations in the thickness of the counter substrate 1 can be eliminated. Accordingly, since the upper surface of the counter substrate 1 is used as a reference, the positioning of the counter electrode 2 can be performed accurately, so that the interval between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 (in some cases, 100 μm or less) can be set accurately.

  The distance between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 is extremely important for power generation efficiency, and this distance needs to be set appropriately. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, it is preferable to adjust the vertical distance of the shaft 8 with the adjusting screw 9 so that the rotating member 4 can be smoothly rotated. In the case of this embodiment, the bearings 50 are all attached to the second train wheel bridges above the rotating members 4A to D of the power generation units A to D installed in a plurality of sets. For this reason, it is good to adjust with the adjusting screw 9 with respect to the rotating member 4 of each electric power generation part. As the adjustment procedure, as shown in FIG. 4, after assembling each power generation unit and the gear train, the adjustment procedure may be as follows. (1) An external force is applied from the outside of the rotating member 4 to rotate. (2) Adjust the adjusting screw 9 while decelerating the rotating member 4 with no load, and tighten the clearance in the vertical direction. (3) Set the adjusting screw 9 so that there is no catching feeling during no-load deceleration. In this manner, the clearance in the direction of the shaft 8 can be adjusted for each individual power generation unit with the adjusting screw 9 present in each power generation unit of the second train wheel bridge 34. Even if the shaft of the rotating member 4 (second substrate) of the plurality of sets of power generation units and the shaft of the gear train are supported by a common plate-like member, the adjustment can be easily performed, and the assembly of the plurality of sets of power generation units is easy. In addition, the clearance of the rotating member 4 can be easily adjusted.

  Although the adjusting screw 9 in FIG. 3 does not use a seismic device, the bearing 50 may incorporate a seismic device as shown in FIG. 5B (as one example, a well-known seismic device as a parashock). good. This embodiment may not necessarily be equipped with an adjusting screw. In this case, an extremely thin leaf spring is interposed between the upper end surface of the shaft 8 and the lower end surface of the bearing 50. The distance between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 may be determined by pressing the shaft 8 downward with this leaf spring.

  FIG. 8A is a plan view of the surface of the rotating member according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from above. (B) is the top view of the back surface of the rotating member of 1st Embodiment of this invention seen from the downward direction. FIG. 9A shows the charged film of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the first electrode O, the second electrode E, and the rectifier circuit of the counter electrode 2. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of power generation between the charging film and the counter electrode according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a plan view of the fixed electrode substrate 38 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Next, the power generation unit and the connecting gear train that drives them will be described.
The shaft 8, the rotating member 4, the charging film 3, the counter electrode 2, and the counter substrate 1 constitute a set of power generation units. In the present embodiment, four power generation units are provided, and each of the power generation units is composed of the same component. The power generation units A to D are provided with output units 20A to 20D, respectively. Although the counter substrate 1 of each power generation unit may be installed independently, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, each counter electrode 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> A is formed on a fixed electrode substrate 38 that is a single common substrate. 2D and output units 20A to 20D are installed. On the fixed electrode substrate 38, an electronic circuit mounting region including at least a rectifier circuit may be disposed. Details of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 will be described later.

  The power generation unit A is rotationally driven by a speed increasing gear train connected in series, and the power generation units B to D are rotationally driven in parallel by a connecting gear train. FIG. 6 (a) schematically shows this state. A gear 15 having the same number of teeth is engaged with the gear 15 of the shaft 7 of the speed increasing gear train, and the gear 16 provided on the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4 of the power generation unit B is rotationally driven. The gears 15 and 16 that rotationally drive the power generation units B to D are all the same in this embodiment, but are not necessarily limited thereto. 6 to 7, the number of teeth of the gears 15 and 16 that rotationally drive the power generation units B to D can be appropriately set so that the rotating members 4A to 4D rotate at a constant speed. The installation location of each power generation unit can be ensured by appropriately changing the diameter of the gear 15.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the rotary member 4 is formed with a V-shaped cutout 62 between the radial pieces 61, 61 from the outer peripheral edge toward the inner peripheral side. A cross-shaped hole 63 having four concave grooves 64 is provided at the center. The shaft 8 is provided with a cross-shaped spline (not shown) so as to fit into the cross-shaped hole 63 of the rotating member 4. The mutual positional relationship of the rotating member 4 of each power generation unit A to D is fixed by the cross-shaped hole 63 of the rotating member 4 and the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8. The spread angle with respect to the center of the radial piece 61 is θ _{p as} shown in FIG.

FIG. 8B shows the back side of FIG. 8A, and the charging film 3 is provided on the lower surface (second opposing surface) of the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4. Therefore, on the lower surface of the rotating member 4, the charging film 3 and the interval portion (V-shaped notch 62) where the charging film is not installed are alternately arranged at every predetermined angle (expansion angle θ _p ). . The rotary shaft 8 is a bearing 50 of the second train wheel bridge 34 on the upper side and a bearing 50 provided on the main plate 35 on the lower side (the bearing 50 may be a seismic device, for example, a parashock or the like). It is supported. If the upper bearing 50 can be adjusted up and down with respect to the second train wheel bridge 34, the clearance in the vertical direction of the shaft 8 of each power generation unit can be easily adjusted. The rotating member 4 may be a disk without a notch, and the shape of the notch is not necessarily limited to the V shape, and may be another shape. In the present embodiment, the notch of the rotating member 4 functions as an air passage portion.

A counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 shown in FIG. 9B is arranged on the counter substrate 1 so as to face the charging film 3 on the lower surface of the rotating member 4 shown in FIG. On the counter substrate 1, the first electrodes O and the second electrodes E are alternately arranged. The 1st electrode O and the 2nd electrode E are alternately arrange | positioned for every predetermined angle (expansion angle (theta) _p ) along the rotation direction of the rotating member 4. As shown in FIG. 9B, the first electrodes O and the second electrodes E are connected to each other, and the first electrode O and the second electrode E are connected to the output unit 20 (FIG. 11), respectively. Yes. The first electrode O and the second electrode E form a one-phase alternating current and are input to the secondary battery via the rectifier circuit 70. The first electrode O electrode array and the electrode array of the second electrode E are collectively referred to as the counter electrode 2. In the power generation units A to D, the arrangement of the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the point that the first electrode O and the second electrode E are alternately arranged on the counter substrate 1 are all the same. Since the power generation efficiency decreases unless the charging film 3 and the first electrode O and the second electrode E are arranged at equal angles, the areas of the charging film 3, the first electrode O, and the second electrode E are preferably equal.

In the first electrode O and the second electrode E, a current is generated as follows.
The charging film 3 overlaps the first electrode O of FIG. 10A (referred to as O period). At this time, since the negative charge is held in the charging film 3 (electret film), the positive charge is attracted to the first electrode O by electrostatic induction. Current flows when positive charge is drawn. On the other hand, as the rotating member 4 rotates, the charging film 3 overlaps the adjacent second electrode E as shown in FIG. 10B (referred to as an E period). A positive charge is attracted to the second electrode E by electrostatic induction. Current flows when positive charge is drawn. On the other hand, since the notch 62 overlaps the first electrode O, the attracted positive charge is dissipated and a current flows in the reverse direction. As the rotating member 4 rotates, the O period and the E period are alternately repeated.

  When the rotating weight 10 rotates the rotating member 4 fixed to the rotating shaft 8 through the speed increasing gear train, the charging film (electret film) 3, the first electrode O of the counter electrode 2, the second electrode 2. The overlapping area with the electrode E increases / decreases, and the positive charges attracted to these increase / decrease, thereby generating an alternating current in the counter electrode 2. The alternating current waveform output to the output unit 20 is converted into a positive voltage waveform by the rectifier circuit 70, charged to the secondary battery through the step-down circuit, and output to the electronic circuit on the electronic circuit board. The rectifier circuit 70 is a bridge type and includes four diodes. In this embodiment of FIG. 9B, it is not necessary to take out current from the rotating shaft 8, and it is only necessary to provide the output wiring of the counter electrode 2 on the fixed counter substrate 1 and take out the current. It can be very simple.

  In the above embodiment, the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 has the first electrode O and the second electrode E of FIG. 9B alternately arranged, but this embodiment is not necessarily limited to this. It is not a thing. The arrangement of the rotating member 4 and the charging film 3 is the same as that shown in FIG. 9A, but the arrangement of the counter electrode 2 on the counter substrate 1 is alternated with only the first electrode O at equal intervals and no electrode. It may be arranged. In this case, the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 is connected to the shaft 8 of the conductive member via an electrical contact and output to the rectifier circuit 70. On the other hand, the first electrode O of the counter substrate 1 is also output to the rectifier circuit 70. About how to take out the electric current from the axis | shaft 8, what is necessary is just to perform an electrical connection, rotating using the conductor structure part of a brush electrode or a bearing part. In this case, it is also possible to install the first electrode O instead of the charging film 3 installed on the back surface of the rotating member 4 and to install the charging film 3 on the counter substrate.

  About the electric power generation part demonstrated above, four places are provided in this embodiment, and each is comprised by the same thing. The power generation units A to D are provided with output units 20A to 20D, respectively. Although the counter substrate 1 of each power generation unit may be installed independently, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, each counter electrode 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> A is formed on a fixed electrode substrate 38 that is a single common substrate. 2D and output units 20A to 20D are installed. Further, all the counter substrates (first substrates) of the plurality of sets of power generation units and the electronic circuit including at least the rectifier circuit may be arranged on a common circuit substrate. That is, the opposing substrates of the plurality of sets of power generation units may be patterned on a common circuit board, and a mounting region for rectifying / charging electronic components may also be present on the board. Accordingly, since the wiring between the power generation units A to D and the electronic component that processes the generated current can be shortened, it is possible to reduce power loss due to wiring resistance and prevent noise from being mixed. In addition, since the fixed electrodes 2A to 2D have the same height in the plurality of sets of power generation units, the gap between the counter electrodes 2A to 2D and the charging film 3 can be easily managed, and each rotating member 4 can be easily incorporated. become.

As the electret material used as a charging film in the present invention, a material that is easily charged is used. For example, silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) or a fluororesin material is used as a negatively charged material. Specifically, as a negatively charged material, there is CYTOP (registered trademark), which is a fluororesin material manufactured by Asahi Glass.

In addition, other electret materials include polymer materials such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyldendifluoride (PVDF). ), Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), and the like, and the aforementioned silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) and silicon nitride (SiN) can be used as the inorganic material. In addition, a well-known charged film can be used.

  FIG. 12 is a table comparing the moments of inertia of N rotating members and one equal area rotating member. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the influence of the inclination of the rotating member.

Ｔ_ｍは、機械摩擦抵抗や後述の静電気負荷トルクＴ_Ｓなどを含んだものである。 Then, the effect of this embodiment is described.
A description will be given of the fact that the power generation efficiency can be increased by reducing the moment of inertia per unit area of the rotating member disk in the plurality of power generators as a whole.
The rotational equation of motion of the plurality of power generation units as a whole is as follows.
Rotational equation of motion for the entire power generation

The T _m is one that contains static electricity load torque T _S mechanical friction or later.

T _g is the rotational torque supplied by the rotary weight 10. According to equation (1), constant force applied from the outside, such as human motion, i.e., if the T _g is a constant amount supply, J can be increased small enough angular acceleration. That is, as J is smaller, the amount of rotation θ of the rotating member of the power generation unit can be increased by a larger angular acceleration, so that the amount of power generation at each power generation unit can be increased. Moreover, the smaller J is, the more likely the change of rotational motion is (the better the rotational startability).

In this embodiment, by providing a plurality of power generation units, the moment of inertia per unit area of the rotating member is reduced as a whole. In the case where a plurality of power generation units are provided and in the case where there is a single power generation unit, the total area of the charging film and counter electrode of the rotating member responsible for power generation is set to be equal, and the total moment of inertia in the plurality of power generation units is set. When calculated, the result is as shown in the table of FIG. Note that the diameters D ₀ of the rotating members of the plurality of power generation units are all the same diameter and shape. In contrast, a single rotating member is a shape enlarged in proportion to the diameter D _1. The moment of inertia of the gears such as the speed increasing gear train of the power generation unit can be ignored because most of the gears are made up of through-holes and these gears are at a lower speed than rotating members. To do.

In one power generation unit among the plurality of power generation units, the following formula is established (using the formula of the moment of inertia of the disc).

When the case 1 (N rotating members) and the case 2 (single rotating member) are compared with respect to the total moment of inertia of the power generation unit in the table of FIG. 12, the case 1 may be reduced to 1 / N. it can. Therefore, even if the total area of the charged portion in the power generation unit is the same, the total moment of inertia can be reduced in the configuration using a plurality of rotating members than in the configuration including a single rotating member. Not only in the case of FIG. 12, but if a plurality of parts are used, the moment of inertia per unit area of the charged portion can be reduced.
By providing a plurality of power generation units having a small-diameter rotating member, the moment of inertia per unit power generation area can be reduced and the rotating member has a smaller diameter than a single power generation unit configuration composed of a large-diameter rotating member. Therefore, the freedom degree at the time of arrange | positioning each electric power generation part increases. In addition, in the case of a limited space such as a wristwatch, the installation location of the power generation unit can be easily secured by installing a plurality of spaces.

By providing a plurality of power generation units, the diameter of the rotating member can be reduced, which will be described below with reference to FIG.
Based on machining tolerances on the machine, etc., a “difference amount l (el) on the rotation axis” is generated. Since this is a value determined by the processing accuracy at the time of processing, it is a constant value without depending on the size of the rotating member. For this reason, although the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4 is extremely small, an inclination φ occurs in the rotating shaft. Since this inclination φ causes contact between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 and results in product defects, it is necessary to manage the gap g between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 to be a certain value (limit value) or more. There is. This gap g can be derived as follows. t is the thickness of the power generation unit.
Referring to FIG. 13, a tan [phi = l (el) / t, g> (D 0/2) · sinφ.
Accordingly, sin φ is approximately replaced with tan φ, and g> (D ₀ · l) / (2t), g> (l / 2) · (D ₀ / t), and l / 2 are constants. _{If 0} is reduced, the limit value D ₀ / t of the gap g is reduced, and the charged film 3 and the counter electrode 2 are hardly contacted. At the same time, if D ₀ is reduced, the thickness t of the power generation unit can be reduced accordingly. As described above, by providing a plurality of power generation units, the diameter of the rotating member can be reduced, which is advantageous for making the power generation unit thinner.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the total moment of inertia of the power generation unit. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a formula of the total moment of inertia of the power generation unit. FIG. 16 is a table showing the relationship between the combinations of speed increase ratios and the total moment of inertia.

  The second embodiment is an embodiment in which the speed increasing ratio of each stage of the speed increasing gear train in the first embodiment is specified. Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, referring to FIGS. 3 and 6A, the drive gear 11 fixed to the rotary weight 10 meshes with the gear 12 of the shaft 6, and the shaft 6 is rotated. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 12 with respect to the drive gear 11 is referred to as a first speed increasing ratio. The gear 13 of the shaft 6 meshes with the gear 14 of the shaft 7 and rotates the shaft 7. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 14 with respect to the gear 13 is referred to as a second speed increasing ratio. The gear 15 of the shaft 7 meshes with the gear 16 of the shaft 8 and rotates the shaft 8. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 16 with respect to the gear 15 is referred to as a third speed increasing ratio.

The gears 11, 13, and 15 on the input-side rotating shaft mesh with the gears 12, 14, and 16 having a small number of teeth called “kana” (clock term) on the rotating shaft on the output side. In the present embodiment, the gear train has three stages, but is not limited to this, and may be one stage, two stages,... I stage,... N stage (i and N are integers) (i. The speed increase ratio at the stage is called the i-th speed increase ratio). Referring to FIG. 14, the i stage refers to the pinion of the i-th rotation axis Q _i and the gear of the (i−1) -th gear axis Q _i-1 that meshes with the pinion counted from the axis Q ₀ of the rotary weight 10. Refers to the combination. The number of teeth of the gear wheel axis Q _i-1 is called the m _i-1, the number of teeth of the pinion gear shaft Q _i of n _i. The i-th speed increase ratio k _i at the _i- th stage is m _i−1 / n _i . Instead of using a pinion, the mutual rotation shafts may be directly meshed with each gear.

The total moment of inertia J (reference position of the rotary weight 10) from the rotary weight 10 via the speed increasing gear train to the power generation unit can be expressed as follows from the equation (5) in FIG. The moment of inertia of the i-th rotation axis Q _{i in} order from the axis Q ₀ of the rotation weight 10 is taken as J _i .
J = J ₀ + (k ₁ ) ² [J ₁ + (k ₂ ) ² {J ₂ + (k ₃ ) ² (J ₃ +...)}] Equation (6)
As can be seen from equation (6), since the square of the first speed increase ratio k ₁ is applied to all terms, the minimum speed increase ratio among the speed increase ratios of the speed increasing gear train from the rotary weight 10 is determined. If the first speed increase ratio k ₁ is used, the total moment of inertia J can be reduced. Similarly, if k ₂ , k ₃ , and k ₄ are sequentially assigned in ascending order, the total moment of inertia J can be reduced. On the other hand, if an attempt is made to increase the speed increasing ratio of the entire speed increasing gear train, an increase in the moment of inertia J can be suppressed according to the equation (6) by increasing the final speed increasing ratio. However, when a general rotary electromagnetic power generation mechanism is connected to the final speed increasing gear, the strong magnetic coupling generated between the rotating side and fixed side magnets obstructs the rotation of the rotating member, and the load torque of the rotating body is reduced. Become very large. For this reason, in the rotary electromagnetic power generation mechanism, it is difficult to increase the final speed increase ratio in consideration of the durability of the final speed increasing gear and the necessity of a large rotational driving force.

  On the other hand, the load torque generated in the rotating member 4 in electret power generation corresponds to the Coulomb force generated between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2, and is much smaller than that in the electromagnetic power generation type. Therefore, in the combination of the speed increasing gear train and electret power generation, the final speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing gear train can be increased and the increase of the moment of inertia J can be suppressed. And it became clear that the moment of inertia can be minimized while obtaining the desired speed increasing ratio of the entire speed increasing gear train by setting the first speed increasing ratio and the final speed increasing ratio to about 4 to 5:10. . This will be described in detail below.

As an example, referring to FIG. 16, when the total inertia moment is estimated as the inertia moment of all rotating shafts = 1 in the case of the acceleration ratios 3.71, 5.00, and 9.66, the first acceleration ratio It can be confirmed that the minimum total moment of inertia J is obtained when 3.71, the second speed increase ratio is 5.00, and the third speed increase ratio is 9.66. As can be seen by comparing Cases 1 to 3 and Cases 4 to 6 in FIG. 16, the total moment of inertia J is reduced by assigning a value smaller than the final speed increase ratio k _{N to} the first speed increase ratio k _1. can do.

In the second embodiment, the first speed increase ratio k ₁ between the first gear (drive gear 11) fixed to the rotary weight and the second gear (gear 12) directly connected thereto is The minimum speed increase ratio. The first speed increase ratio k ₁ is smaller than the final speed increase ratio k _{N of the} speed increasing gear train that rotates the rotating member 4. The first speed increase ratio k ₁ , the second speed increase ratio k ₂ , the third speed increase ratio k ₃ ... May be arranged so as to increase monotonously. In this way, the total moment of inertia J can be reduced. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Third embodiment)
FIGS. 17A and 17B are explanatory diagrams for explaining the phase difference of each power generation unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a detailed explanatory diagram of FIG. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the electrostatic load torque. FIG. 21 is a graph showing electrostatic load torque acting on each power generation unit of the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1. 19 and 22, the fan-shaped charging film 3 and the first and second electrodes O and E are changed to squares for easy understanding.

  In the third embodiment, the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 (see FIG. 9B) of the counter substrate 1 is specified in each power generation unit of the first embodiment. It is a form. A state V in which the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 of the power generation unit (for example, the power generation unit A) serving as a reference have the same shape and exactly overlap each other is assumed to have a phase of 0 °. The respective positions of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 at this time are defined as phase 0 ° positions.

The rotating members 4A to D of the power generation units A to D are connected by connecting gears 15 and 16, respectively.
When the rotating member 4A of the power generation unit A is at a phase of 0 ° under the state where the coupling gears 15 and 16 are connected, the phase of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 is 0 ° at the other power generation units B to D, respectively. Deviation from the position (the state where they are exactly overlapped) is defined as a phase difference. The relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 indicates this phase difference.

FIG. 17A shows an embodiment in which the phase differences of the power generation units A to D are 0 °, that is, the phases θ _{A to} θ _D are all the same. FIGS. 17B and 18 are embodiments in which there is a phase difference between the power generation units A to D, and the phases θ _{A to} θ _D are different by an equal interval δ. In the example of FIG. 17B, since the rotating members 4A to 4D are connected by the connecting gear 15, the rotating member 4C rotates in the same direction as 4A, but the rotating members 4B and 4D rotate in the opposite direction to 4A. Rotate. Accordingly, the phases θ _{A to} θ _D of the rotating members 4A to 4D are arranged so as to be shifted by δ in the respective rotating directions. 17B and 18, since the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 is not clear, the rotating directions of the rotating members 4A to 4D are set to the same direction. FIG. 19 schematically illustrates these relationships. FIG. 22 is a modification of the arrangement of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 shown in FIG. In FIGS. 19 and 22, a portion surrounded by a chain line represents the position of the charging film 3, O and E surrounded by a solid line indicate the counter electrode 2, and arrows indicate the moving direction of the charging film 3.
Referring to FIGS. 19 and 22, in the case of FIG. 19, the phase difference of the counter electrode 2 is 0 ° in each of the power generation units A to D, while the charged film 3 is equally spaced δ in each power generation unit. The corresponding phase differences are different (0, δ, 2δ, 3δ). In the case of FIG. 22, the phase difference of the charging film 3 is 0 ° in each of the power generation units A to D, while the counter electrode 2 is different in phase difference corresponding to the equal interval δ in each power generation unit.

As already described, the spread angle of the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4 with respect to the center is θ _{p as} shown in FIG. V-shaped notch 62 of the rotary member 4 is also theta _p.
FIG. 18 shows the phase relationship of the rotating member 4 in the power generation units A to D in FIG. 17B, and the rotating members 4 are arranged in the order of the power generation units A, B, C, and D from the left. A charging film 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the rotating member 4, and the counter electrode 2 is disposed at a position facing the charging film 3 on the counter substrate 1, but all the counter electrodes 2 of the power generation units A to D are provided. It arrange | positions with the same pattern and the phase difference of counter electrode 2 arrangement | positioning in electric power generation part AD is zero. On the other hand, the rotating members 4 of the power generation units A to D have a phase difference with each other, and the power generation unit B with respect to the power generation unit A when the position (orientation and posture) of the concave groove 64 of the cross-shaped hole 63 is made common. The position of the charging film 3 is shifted so that the phase differences of the rotating members 4 to D are sequentially δ, 2δ, and 3δ. In this example, δ = θ _p / 4, and the phase between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 of the rotating member 4 in the power generation unit A is an arbitrary value α.

By determining the phase difference as described above, the Coulomb force between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 that inhibits the rotation of the rotating member 4 can be reduced. Details of this will be described later. However, it is not easy to adjust the phase difference of each rotating member 4 in the timepiece assembly operation. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the rotary member 4 is placed with the positions of the concave grooves 64 of the cross-shaped holes 63 being aligned, the phase difference of the rotary member 4 is configured as described above.
Specifically, the arrangement pattern of the counter electrode 2 on the counter substrate 1 is the same in the power generation units A, B, C, and D, and the direction of the convex part of the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8 in each power generation unit is aligned. It is set and assembled so that the cross-shaped hole 63 of each rotating member 4 is fitted to the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8. Thereafter, a connecting gear train is incorporated, and the first gear train receiver 34 supports each gear. That is, according to the present embodiment, the phase difference between the power generation units A to D is ensured accurately at the time when each rotating member 4 is assembled in accordance with the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8. Therefore, the assembling worker can finish the assembling work in a short time without performing complicated phase difference adjustment of each rotating member 4. Here, since there are four power generation units, θ _p is divided by 4, but in the case of N, θ _p may be divided by N. In the present embodiment, the number is not limited to four, and the number of N is also included in the embodiment.

According to the arrangement of the first electrode O and the second electrode E in FIG. 9B of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, between the charged film 3 and the first electrode O (or the second electrode E). When the rotating member 4 is moved in the direction of the arrow, the electrostatic load torque component T _S in the moving direction (electrostatic load torque T _P due to the coulomb force in the rotating direction and the coulomb in the opposite direction is moved. the resultant force) of the electrostatic load torque T _R by force, serrated static load torque T _S shown in dotted line in FIG. 21, thus acts on the rotating member 4.
The electrostatic load torque T _S is, when the charged film 3 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 20 attempts to move, so as to prevent movement, acts on the rotating member 4. Therefore, when the rotary member 4 is stopped, the static electricity load torque T _S of the rotary member 4 becomes maximum position, i.e. stops at a position where the overlapping area of the charging layer 3 and the counter electrode 2 is maximized. Then, in the beginning the rotation of the rotary member 4, can not rotate member 4 is rotated to be applied is large rotational force than the maximum value of the static load torque T _S, also it is converted into electric power as applied external vibrations I can't. Therefore, higher static electricity load torque T _S means that the threshold value of the driving torque required for initial rotation of the rotating member 4 is increased, also exert an effect of inhibiting continuous rotation.

FIG. 21 shows the electrostatic load torque at the phase difference between the power generation units A to D in the case of FIG. Since the power generation units A to D are connected by the connection gears 15 and 16, when the electrostatic load torque generated in the respective power generation units is added, it is smoothed by the phase difference, and the electrostatic load torque as a whole is a constant value _{GSUM_MAX.} Thus, it can be reduced to about half of the total W _{SUM_MAX} of the peak values of each power generation unit. In the present embodiment, the power generation units do not need to be different from each other by the phase difference corresponding to the uniform interval δ, and the peak positions of the electrostatic load torques do not overlap if they have non-uniform phase differences. Since the maximum value of the combined electrostatic load torque can be made smaller than that in the case of FIG. 17A, the effect of inhibiting the rotation of the rotating member 4 can be reduced. In place of the phase difference provided on the charging film 3 of each of the power generation units A to D in the case of FIG. 19, an arrangement in which the counter electrode 2 is provided with a phase difference as shown in FIG. The same effect as the electrostatic load torque can be achieved. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
23 and 24 are explanatory diagrams showing an outline of the counter electrode and the rectifier circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the charging film and the counter electrode of the rotating member in FIG.

  The third embodiment is an embodiment in the case where there are three power generation units in each of the above-described embodiments. When there are three power generation units and the rotating member 4 in each power generation unit has a non-uniform phase difference, rectification / charging using a diode bridge for the output of each power generation unit as shown in FIG. It is good to adopt a circuit configuration. On the other hand, when there are three power generation units and the rotating member 4 in each power generation unit has a uniform phase difference, the first electrode O of the counter electrodes 2A and 2C and the first electrode O of the counter electrode 2B as shown in FIG. The two electrodes E are interconnected as a connection N, and the second electrode E of the counter electrodes 2A and 2C and the first electrode O of the counter electrode 2B are connected to a rectifier diode, so that the connection N is a neutral line of a three-phase alternating current. The total number of diodes can be reduced. The reason for this will be described below.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the charging film and the counter electrode of the rotating member 4 in FIG. 24, showing the rotating members 4A to 4C and the counter electrodes 2A to 2C in order from the left. With respect to the rotating member 4A, the rotating member 4B has a phase difference of δ and the rotating member 4C has a phase difference of 2δ, and all the rotating members are rotated in the same direction. Here, δ = θ _p / 3. Since the rotating members 4A to 4C are connected, the above phase difference is maintained even during rotation.

When the rotating member 4 rotates, a generated current (alternating current) is generated in response to the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 provided on the lower surface of the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4 being close to or far from each other. Therefore, the period in which the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4 approaches the counter electrode 2 is the period of the generated current, and one period is 2θ _p . If the currents generated by the rotation of the rotating members A to C are the generated currents A to C, respectively, the generated current B is δ and the generated current C with respect to the generated current A based on the phase difference provided in the rotating members 4A to 4C. Produces a phase difference of 2δ.

In FIG. 24, the connection lines from the counter electrodes 2A and 2C are connected such that the first electrode O is connected to the connection N and the second electrode E is connected to the rectifier diode, but the counter electrode 2B is conversely the second electrode E is connected to the rectifier diode. In connection N, the first electrode O is connected to a rectifier diode. Therefore, the waveform of the generated current B is inverted between positive and negative, and the generated currents A and C are added together by the rectifier circuit. Since the positive / negative inverted alternating current is equivalent to a phase of ½ period, that is, θ _p , the generated current B has a phase difference of δ + θ _{p with} respect to the generated current A. Here, since θ _p is 3δ, the phase difference of the generated current B can be rephrased as 4δ.

Therefore, the generated current A, the generated current B with the phase difference 4δ, and the generated current C with the phase difference 2δ are summed by the rectifier circuit, and one cycle of the generated current A is 2θ _p , that is, 6δ. The currents A to C each form a three-phase alternating current having a phase difference of 2δ. Accordingly, since the connection N serves as a neutral line of the three-phase alternating current and the total number of diodes can be reduced, the circuit configuration using the rectifying diode is simplified, and the area of the fixed electrode substrate 38 can be reduced. It becomes possible. Here, an example with three power generation units is described, but even if there are four or more power generation units, the waveform obtained by adjusting the phase difference of each power generation unit and synthesizing the AC waveform of each power generation unit can be smoothed If it is, the same effect can be acquired.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a speed increasing gear train according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  The fifth embodiment is an embodiment in which, in the first embodiment in FIG. 3, each gear 16 of the plurality of power generation units is directly driven to rotate by the gear 15 immediately before the rotating member 4 of the speed increasing gear train is rotated. It is. In this embodiment, a connecting gear train for connecting the power generation units A to C is not prepared, and each power generation unit is directly driven from the common speed increasing gear 15, so that an effect of reducing the moment of inertia can be expected.

  It should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes those in which various modifications are made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention. That is, the specific configuration described in the embodiment is merely an example, and can be changed as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st board | substrate, counter substrate 2 Counter electrode 3 Charged film 4 2nd board | substrate, rotating member 8 Axis 10 Rotating weight 11 Drive gear 12-16 Gear 33 First wheel train receiver 34 Second wheel train receiver 35 Ground plate AD Power generation Part O First electrode E Second electrode

Claims (12)

A housing, a first substrate fixed to the housing, a disc-shaped second substrate having a shaft rotatably supported by the housing, a charging film, a counter electrode, the charging film and the counter electrode An output unit that outputs electric power generated between
The counter electrode is disposed on a first counter surface of the first substrate, and the charging film is disposed on a second counter surface of the second substrate facing the first counter surface;
On the second facing surface of the second substrate, the charging film and the interval portion where the charging film is not installed are alternately arranged at predetermined angles.
An electrostatic induction generator in which a plurality of sets of power generation units each including the first substrate, the charging film, the second substrate, the counter electrode, and the output unit are installed.   The counter electrode is composed of a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes separately provided on the first counter surface, and the first electrode and the second electrode are alternately arranged along the rotation direction. The first electrode and the second electrode are connected to each other at a predetermined angle, and the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to the output unit, respectively. The electrostatic induction generator according to 1.   The electrostatic induction generator according to claim 1, wherein an outer periphery of the plurality of sets of power generation units is disposed along an inner periphery of the housing.   4. The shaft according to claim 1, wherein the shaft of the second substrate of the plurality of sets of power generation units and the shaft of the gear train are pivotally supported by a common plate-like member. 5. Electrostatic induction generator.   5. The device according to claim 1, wherein all of the first substrates of the plurality of sets of power generation units and an electronic circuit including at least a rectifier circuit are arranged on a common circuit substrate. The electrostatic induction generator described.   6. The electrostatic system according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of sets of power generation units has a non-uniform phase difference in a pattern of the charging film and the counter electrode. Inductive generator.   Based on one of the plurality of sets of power generation units, the phase difference of the other plurality of sets of power generation units is a value obtained by dividing the predetermined angle by the number of sets of the power generation units and 0 and continuous thereto. The electrostatic induction generator according to claim 5, wherein the electrostatic induction generator is an integral multiple of the electrostatic induction generator.   The electrostatic induction generator according to claim 5, wherein the phase difference is 0 and an even multiple of the value obtained by dividing the predetermined angle by the number of sets of the power generation units. A rotating weight rotatably supported by the housing, a speed increasing gear train in which rotation of the rotating weight is increased to transmit the rotation to the second board of the set of power generation units, and the second board It further has a connecting gear train that transmits rotation to the other second substrate of the power generation unit installed in a plurality of sets,
The first speed increasing ratio between the first gear fixed to the rotating weight and the second gear directly connected thereto is the minimum speed increasing ratio in the speed increasing gear train. The electrostatic induction generator according to any one of 1 to 8.   The electrostatic induction generator according to claim 9, wherein a speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing gear train is configured to monotonically increase from the first speed increasing ratio. A rotating weight rotatably supported by the housing, a speed increasing gear train in which rotation of the rotating weight is increased to transmit the rotation to the second board of the set of power generation units, and the second board It further has a connecting gear train that transmits rotation to the other second substrate of the power generation unit installed in a plurality of sets,
The first speed increasing ratio between the first gear fixed to the rotating weight and the second gear directly connected thereto is smaller than the final speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing gear train that rotates the second substrate. 9. The electrostatic induction generator according to any one of 8 above. A rotating weight that is rotatably supported by the housing, and a speed increasing gear train that increases the rotation of the rotating weight and transmits the rotation to the second substrate of the set of power generating sections of the power generating section. And
3. The shaft according to claim 1, wherein the shafts of all the second substrates in the plurality of sets of the power generation unit are directly driven to rotate by a gear immediately before rotating the second substrate of the speed increasing gear train. The electrostatic induction generator described.

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