JP2017048357A - Feeder of mixed waste plastics or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform sterilization treatment of an infectious medical waste without opening a container so as to avoid the high danger that the open air will be polluted by scattering of an internal bacteria and germs or a toxic substance, since the infectious medical waste is collected by a treatment contractor with the waste being put in a special housing container and is crushed and sterilized, but as a preceding step of crushing and sterilizing it is necessary to open the container and take out the content thereof.SOLUTION: A whole container is thrown into a thermal decomposition tank using the multistage feeder of the mechanism in which an inner tube rotates inside an outer tube, and a pyrolysis and sterilization treatment are performed. The thermal decomposition tank has a structure in which inside of the thermal decomposition tank and the open air are always kept in an occluded condition during the container throwing process, the open air is not caused to entrain to the thermal decomposition tank with a container, and the gas inside the thermal decomposition tank does not leak from the feeder to the outside.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

In the raw material charging process of infectious disease medical waste and mixed waste plastic thermal decomposition equipment, it prevents intrusion of air entrained in the treated material, and prevents spilled gas and odors from leaking outside the equipment. It relates to the technology to be made possible.

There are two methods for sterilizing infectious disease medical waste (hereinafter referred to as waste), which can be classified into dry sterilization and wet sterilization (autoclave). In wet sterilization, a large amount of treatment is possible, but it is necessary to crush the storage container at room temperature as a pretreatment, and it is impossible to supply the processed product to the autoclave in a state of being stored in the container.

Infectious disease medical waste is stored and sealed in a dedicated container at a site such as a hospital. After that, it is transported to a processing company under strict management and crushed and sterilized, but it is necessary to destroy the storage container once. Therefore, there is a risk of contaminating the outside air and infecting workers.

Therefore, as a method for sterilizing infectious disease medical waste together with the container with a pyrolysis device, the gate size was increased to increase the size of the supply device. The gate is provided in multiple stages, and the structure is such that the inside and outside of the pyrolysis unit can be secured even when the raw material is charged. However, there are problems such as the gas generated by pyrolysis being ejected to the outside due to a sealing problem. there were.

In addition, a crusher was installed in the middle of this multi-stage raw material supply gate, and an attempt was made to supply the pyrolysis tank after crushing the storage container and contents, but the metal in the raw material container was exposed and the crusher It is dangerous because sparks may occur due to friction with the crushing blade. When superheated steam is sent to this crushing process for fire prevention, the supply gate becomes poorly sealed due to high temperature, and odors and gases are ejected from the raw material inlet.

When feeding with a screw conveyor as a raw material supply method, it is necessary to crush the raw material together with the storage container in advance with a small-diameter screw. Further, the hard resin piece is not suitable for screw conveyance and the feeding becomes unstable. Even when the screw diameter is increased, the rotating screw conveys the raw material while compressing the raw material, causing the raw material to be clogged and difficult to feed.

In general waste plastic, in order to solve this problem, the raw material is crushed into small pieces, and then pelletized and fed by a small diameter screw conveyor. However, since the air accompanying the raw material is sent to the pyrolysis tank, measures to prevent it are also required. When waste plastic raw material is sent to the pyrolysis tank together with air, it burns above 90 ° C and explodes above 250 ° C, which is very dangerous.

In order to prevent large fires and explosion accidents, batch-type small-scale pyrolysis devices have been made. In the batch type, the pyrolysis tank is completely cooled, the tank lid is opened, the raw materials are charged, the lid is closed, and the pyrolysis process is performed. After the pyrolysis is complete, wait until the tank is completely cooled. Only after that can the raw material residue be taken out and the next raw material charged. Therefore, one batch takes at least 12 hours.

If one batch requires one day, sufficient processing capacity cannot be secured. In addition, it is uneconomic to cool the pyrolysis tank that has become high temperature and consume energy again to raise the temperature. Therefore, even though the pyrolysis tank was still hot, we tried to push the raw material into the pyrolysis tank by pushing out the trochoten using a hydraulic cylinder, etc., but there was a sheet-like waste in the gap between the raw material supply cylinder and the piston. The plastic raw material was caught, and it was easy to cause malfunction. In addition, it is difficult to maintain airtightness at high temperatures even in this supply device, and leakage of gas and odors and oil ooze out from the gland of the piston seal.

As the thermal decomposition progresses and the temperature in the tank rises, the feeder also becomes hot due to heat transfer, and the waste plastic pieces and thin waste plastic in the feeder melt and gasify, causing odors and leaking from the gap between the cylinder and piston. To do.

As a method for solving the above problems, the temperature of the saturated steam is increased to 500 ° C. superheated steam and injected into the piston. Then, the bad odor decreased, but the gas flowed through the condenser, which caused a problem in the liquefaction of the generated gas.

As another countermeasure, forcibly sucking the generated gas to the exhaust side attracts the dust in the pyrolysis tank together with the gas, and dust accumulates and adheres to the inner wall of the apparatus. This is also because the pyrolysis temperature is high, for example, the raw materials are not sorted into a plastic bottle, mayonnaise, soy sauce container or the like.

The medical waste container is made of thick corrugated cardboard in addition to hard plastic. In recent years, with the increase in the number of elderly people, the amount of waste such as paper squeeze from medical institutions has also increased, and these are placed in cardboard containers. Some medical wastes are made of PVC or resin, such as dialysis tubes, but when many papers are pyrolyzed, most of them are carbonized, so it is important to take measures against dust in the equipment.

Among medical waste, a container for storing a metallic holder used for fixing a surgical instrument or a human body has a large size of 400 mm × 450 mm × 550 mm. It has been difficult to crush and sterilize this waste. The best method is to perform pyrolysis treatment for each container.

The present invention, which is intended to supply the thermal decomposition tank without breaking the medical waste container, vents the entrained air, securely holds the seal of the treatment product inlet and outlet, and a large amount of large waste. It also makes it possible to supply waste.
2011-24645 Yoshihiro Abe 2011-240629 Yoshihiro Abe 2011-245952 Yoshihiro Abe 2011-103509 Yoshihiro Abe

The problem to be solved is to prevent the entrainment air from entering the device when supplying the raw material, and to prevent the air from entering the device through the gap between the gate of the feeder, the gate of the sliding part and the rod part. In addition, when gas is generated inside the apparatus due to thermal decomposition, a structure that does not leak gas accompanied by odor from these gaps to the outside of the apparatus is provided. .

The left and right ends of the outer cylinder arranged in the lateral direction are sealed with lids. Openings through which the raw material can pass are provided above and below the center of the outer cylinder. Inside the outer cylinder, there is an inner cylinder having a C-order cross-sectional shape, a part of which is cut, and is structured to be rotatable within the cylinder.

A part of the outer periphery of the inner cylinder is notched, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is the shape of letter C of the alphabet. When the cutout portion of the C-shaped inner cylinder is in a phase that matches the opening of the raw material charging, the raw material is accommodated inside the inner cylinder. In this state, the raw material inlet and the raw material outlet are shut off.

The raw material is discharged when the inner cylinder is rotated in a state where the raw material is accommodated and the notch is in phase with the outlet of the outer cylinder. In this state, the raw material discharge port is disconnected from the raw material input port.

Two feeders with the above structure are connected vertically. When the upper feeder is in the phase of accepting raw materials, the inner cylinder notch of the lower feeder is in neither the raw material charging phase nor the raw material discharging phase. Make sure to shut off the exit.

The outer cylinder of the upper feeder is provided with an accompanying suction gas vent. When the notch of the inner cylinder is in this phase, the air in the inner cylinder is sucked from the accompanying air vent. Further, when the phase of the cutout of the inner cylinder is a phase that is neither the raw material inlet position, the raw material outlet, nor the entrained air outlet, all the openings leading to the atmosphere are blocked.

When the raw material is supplied to the inner cylinder of the upper supply machine and the notch position of the C-shaped cross section faces directly below, the upper position of the lower supply machine when the notch position of the C-shaped cross section of the inner cylinder faces directly above The raw material is transferred from the inner cylinder of the feeder to the inner cylinder of the lower feeder. In other states, the interior of the upper feeder and the interior of the lower feeder are shut off.

The crushing process can be omitted in the treatment process of infectious disease medical waste or mixed waste plastic. Moreover, it is possible to completely prevent the diffusion of harmful substances such as viruses inside the container to the atmosphere. In addition, there may be a flammable gas or liquid inside the container, which can prevent a fire or an explosion accident in the treatment process.

It is front sectional drawing explaining the implementation method of a supply apparatus. It is a cross-sectional view explaining the implementation method of a supply apparatus. It is a figure explaining the function of the implementation method of a supply apparatus.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the feeder. 1. 7. On the feeder cylinder. 8. Supply port and below 4. Dispensing port is provided, and 5. Provide an air vent. 1. 6. Removable at both ends of the feeder cylinder. Has a flange. 2. Both end faces of the inner cylinder of the feeder are 4. 3. Covered with a panel. 2. It becomes a pivot axis in the center of the end plate. There is an inner cylinder shaft. 3. 6. Inner cylinder shaft is circular 5. penetrate the center of the outer flange, Supported by bearings.

When pyrolyzing general mixed waste plastics, food containers such as foamed polystyrene, PET bottles, soy sauce, mayonnaise, etc. have a high ratio of 60% to 300% to 350 ° C. Since a large amount of powder was generated, the powder was taken out of the pyrolysis tank together with gasified oil, water and acid, and adhered and deposited on the inner wall of the device, making the operation of the oiling device impossible. There is only dust removal to improve the impossibility.

Among the general mixed waste plastics, the above-mentioned state occurs due to the mixture of buckets, baskets, PVC pipes, home appliances, etc., but at present, it is impossible to oil, but it is possible to remove dust. Therefore, the collected residue can be reused as pulverized coal with higher calorie than biofuel.

In the case of infectious disease medical waste, there is a risk that the germs of the contents will scatter if it is crushed before the oiling process. If possible, it is desirable to put the entire container into the feeder, drop it into the lower pyrolysis tank, and perform the pyrolysis process with the feeder closed. The supply machine prevents the outside air from entering the pyrolysis tank and also prevents the gas generated in the pyrolysis tank from scattering to the outside air via the supply machine.

Open the upper supply port and supply the medical waste as a whole box. Next, when the inner cylinder rotates 90 °, the supply port stops sideways, and the entrained air that has entered along with the raw material is extracted from the exhaust port of the outer cylinder. When the inner cylinder further rotates 90 °, the supply port of the inner cylinder faces downward. At that time, when the supply port of the inner cylinder of the lower feeder turns upward, the box falls from the upper feeder to the lower feeder.

When the inner cylinder of the lower feeder turns 180 °, the box in the inner cylinder of the lower feeder drops to the downward pyrolysis tank by its own weight. At this time, the inner cylinder of the upper supply machine stops its opening at the lateral position on the side without the vent hole. After the opening of the lower feeder drops the box down, it stops with the opening facing sideways. In such a state, the input port, the discharge port, and the exhaust port are completely closed to both the outside air and the pyrolysis tank, and the outside air is attracted to the pyrolysis tank. The gas generated in the tank does not leak from the feeder.

When the box falls down from the lower feeder, the gas in the pyrolysis tank enters the inner cylinder of the lower feeder. But after dropping the box, do you stop with the opening sideways? The interlocking operation with the upper feeder prevents the gas from being blown into the inlet of the upper feeder, so that the raw materials can be continuously fed safely.

Industrial applicability

The treatment which does not require a crushing process is possible with the infectious disease medical waste contained in the container. Even if the container is large, it can be supplied to the pyrolysis tank as it is. Even when the raw material is general waste plastic, if the size is less than the supply volume of the feeder, processing without a crushing step is possible. Even if food sludge, wood, metal, earthenware, and glass are mixed in the raw material, it is possible to perform pyrolysis without requiring separation.

1. 1. Feeder outer cylinder 2. Feeder inner cylinder Cylindrical shaft4. 4. Cylindrical end plate Venting port 6. 6. Bearing Outer cylinder flange8. Supply port 9. Outlet

Claims (2)

Cover both ends, and provide a receiving port and a discharging port at the top and bottom of the cylinder arranged in the horizontal direction. Inside this cylinder, there is a C-shaped cylinder with a part cut off, and a shaft serving as a fulcrum of rotation protrudes from the left and right. The shaft passes through the centers of the lids at the left and right ends of the outer cylinder and is supported by bearings provided on the lid side. A waste plastic feeder that can feed raw materials by rotating while the inner cylinder stops at an arbitrary position. The feeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of feeders according to claim 1 are connected in a vertical and vertical direction, and are arranged on a multistage pyrolysis tank provided with an exhaust port in an outer cylinder.

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