JP2017044506A - System for coping with earthquake - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for coping with an earthquake capable of early and surely detecting an earthquake or the like affecting a factory.SOLUTION: A system for coping with an earthquake, which urgently stops facilities when an earthquake or the like occurs, comprises: three or more accelerometers 2 arranged away from one another; and an urgent stop command section 10 for urgently stopping the facilities based on signals from the accelerometers 2. The urgent stop command section 10 urgently stops the facilities when two or more accelerometers 2, out of the three or more accelerometers 2, detect shocks. The system for coping with an earthquake can quickly and surely bring the facilities to an urgent stop when an earthquake or the like occurs, because it can reduce a possibility of erroneously recognizing vibration generated by other than an earthquake or the like as vibration or the like generated by an earthquake or the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an earthquake countermeasure system.

  Conventionally, in copper smelting, copper smelting is performed by a series of steps shown in FIG. 3 (hereinafter, copper smelting process) using equipment as shown in FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, copper concentrate (CuFeS ₂ or the like) is blended with pulverized silica (SiO ₂ ), dried with an air dryer (flash dryer) 2, and then smelted with air and oxygen. The autoclave 4 is charged in the furnace. In the self-melting furnace 4, the copper concentrate is oxidized, the iron content (Fe) in the copper concentrate is separated as slag (FeO · SiO ₂ ), and the copper content (Cu) in the copper concentrate is converted into a sulfide mat (Cu ₂ S, FeS).
In the self-melting furnace 4, a large amount of sulfur dioxide (SO ₂ ) is generated when the mat is generated. This SO ₂ is sent as exhaust gas to the sulfuric acid factory 12 through the flue. Then, in the sulfuric acid factory 12, it is recovered as sulfuric acid or made harmless by neutralization and discharged.

The mat generated in the self-melting furnace 4 is transferred to the converter 14 to be processed, and converter crude copper (Cu about 98%) is generated. Specifically, in the converter 14, air and oxygen are blown into the mat to produce white glue in which Fe in the mat is oxidized and removed as slag (making period). The produced white glue is oxidized, and converter crude copper (Cu about 98%) is produced (copper making stage).
Note that a large amount of SO ₂ is generated in the converter 14 as well as in the self-melting furnace 4. This SO _{2 is} also sent as exhaust gas to the sulfuric acid factory 12 through the flue. Then, in the sulfuric acid factory 12, it is recovered as sulfuric acid or made harmless by neutralization and discharged.

The converter crude copper is transferred to the refining furnace 16 and processed, and refined crude copper (Cu about 99%) is produced. Specifically, in the refining furnace 16, air is blown into the converter rough copper to oxidize sulfur (S) in the converter rough copper, and combustible gas is blown to reduce oxygen (O) in the converter copper. Is done. Then, impurities in converter crude copper are removed, and purified crude copper (Cu: about 99%) is produced.
Since SO ₂ is also generated in the refining furnace 16, the generated SO ₂ is sent as exhaust gas to the sulfuric acid factory 12 through the flue. Then, in the sulfuric acid factory 12, it is recovered as sulfuric acid or made harmless by neutralization and discharged.

  When refined crude copper is manufactured, refined crude copper is cast to produce an anode (also referred to as “anode”). Then, high purity electrolytic copper can be obtained by electrolytic purification of the anode in the electrolytic cell 18.

  As described above, in the copper smelting process, copper smelting is performed by a series of continuous processes. As described above, the auto-smelting furnace 4, the converter 14, and the refining furnace 16 are sequentially melted (mats and converters). Coarse copper) is transferred. Then, the operation status of each process, for example, the processing speed of each process is not set independently, but is set in consideration of the previous process and the subsequent process. And in order to maintain the appropriate quality of the finally produced electrolytic copper, the processing speed of each process must be adjusted according to the situation of each other (furnace as the pre-process and post-process) It is in.

  By the way, in recent years, attention has been focused on how to deal with damage caused to facilities such as factories by an earthquake. In the copper smelting process as described above, there is a risk that facilities such as the furnaces 4, 14, 16, the sulfuric acid factory 12, their associated devices, and the flue may be damaged by an earthquake or the like. As mentioned above, these facilities are related to each other, so if one of the facilities breaks down, the other facilities are also affected, resulting in a deterioration in product quality in each process or an environment such as a gas leak. Problems such as contamination may occur. Therefore, if any equipment is damaged, even if the equipment is in a process where no damage has occurred, it may be necessary to significantly adjust the processing speed or urgently stop the operation.

  Even if it is not a big earthquake, a dry smelting factory or the like may cause a large impact such as a hydrogen explosion or a steam explosion due to incorrect handling of equipment. Even in such a case, if any equipment is damaged due to a large impact caused by an explosion, even if the process is not damaged, it may be necessary to significantly adjust the processing speed or urgently stop the operation.

  When an emergency stop of equipment or the like is performed in the above situation, a complicated operation different from the operation during normal operation may be required. When a complicated operation is performed, an operation error is likely to occur, and the operation may take time, and a quick response may not be possible.

  In view of this, techniques have been developed to reduce the trouble of complicated operations during an emergency stop. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique that can prevent the molten metal from flowing back into the blower pipe even if the converter is tilted in an emergency when an earthquake or the like occurs. In the case of this technique, when it is detected that the converter has been tilted in an emergency, the blowing pressure adjusting valve automatically operates, so that the back flow of the molten metal can be prevented promptly without any operation error.

  That is, if it is possible to detect the occurrence of an earthquake or the like and automatically adjust the operation status of the facility or the like or automatically stop the facility or the like automatically as in the technique of Patent Document 1, an operation error occurs. Quick response is possible.

Japanese Patent No. 5356965

  In order to automatically adjust the operation status of the equipment, etc., or to automatically stop the equipment etc. in an emergency, it is necessary to quickly and accurately detect that an earthquake has occurred. As a method of detecting an earthquake, there are a method of measuring vibration in a factory using an accelerometer or the like, and a method of measuring vibration at an earthquake observation point away from the factory.

  First, it is difficult to implement the former method on a factory site where a copper smelting process is provided. This is because, in a factory site where a copper smelting process is provided, vibrations due to operation of equipment and heavy machinery frequently occur, and it is difficult to distinguish between these vibrations and earthquake vibrations. For example, in a converter, vibrations due to heavy object movement, gas blowing, furnace rotation, and the like always occur, and it is difficult to distinguish between these vibrations and earthquake vibrations.

  In the case of the latter method, there is a problem that an early response to an earthquake cannot be made although it is not affected by vibrations in the factory premises. First, information is delayed because the seismic observation point is far from the factory. In addition, it is necessary to analyze the vibration at the seismic observation point away from the factory and predict the earthquake scale in the factory site. This is because it is not necessary to adjust the operation status of the equipment or the like or to urgently stop the equipment if the vibration in the factory site is not so great even if the vibration at the earthquake observation point is large. Then, the response is delayed by the time required for analyzing the magnitude of vibration in the factory and analyzing the influence on the factory equipment. Therefore, in the case of the latter method, the problem that it cannot respond to an earthquake quickly arises.

  Under the circumstances as described above, there is a demand for the development of a system that can detect earthquakes and the like that affect the facilities in the factory quickly and reliably.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an earthquake countermeasure system that can detect an earthquake or the like that affects a factory quickly and reliably.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an earthquake countermeasure system that can reduce the environmental impact of gas even in the event of an earthquake or the like in a facility having a gas generating device.

The earthquake countermeasure system of the first invention is a system for urgently stopping equipment in the event of an earthquake or the like, based on three or more accelerometers installed at positions separated from each other, and a signal from the accelerometer An emergency stop command unit for emergency stopping the facility, and the emergency stop command unit is configured to detect the impact when two or more accelerometers detect an impact among the three or more accelerometers. It is an emergency stop.
The earthquake countermeasure system according to a second aspect of the present invention is the emergency response system according to the first aspect, wherein the emergency stop command section emergency stops the equipment when an impact is detected by three or more accelerometers within a predetermined time. It is characterized by.
The earthquake response system according to a third aspect of the present invention is the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the emergency stop command unit includes an emergency stop circuit for switching the operation state of the facility from a normal operation to an emergency stop, And a relay circuit for supplying a signal transmitted from the accelerometer and transmitting a voltage corresponding to the signal.
According to a fourth aspect of the earthquake handling system of the first, second or third aspect of the invention, the emergency stop circuit normally sets the operation state of the facility when the acceleration measured by the accelerometer changes from less than 250 gal to 250 gal or more. It is characterized by switching from operation to emergency stop.
The earthquake countermeasure system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the first, second, third or fourth aspect, wherein the facility includes a gas generator, and the accelerometer is installed in the vicinity of the gas generator. The emergency stop command unit has a function of instructing the gas generator to enter an operation state for reducing gas generation when the operation state of the facility is switched from an ordinary operation to an emergency stop. It is characterized by.
The earthquake countermeasure system according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth aspect, the gas generator is one or more devices selected from the group consisting of a flash smelting furnace, a converter, and a refining furnace.
The earthquake countermeasure system according to a seventh aspect is characterized in that, in the fifth or sixth aspect, the gas generated by the gas generator includes one or more substances selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and chlorine. And
The earthquake countermeasure system according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to seventh aspects, the facility is a non-ferrous smelting process.

According to the first and second inventions, it is possible to reduce the possibility of mistaking vibrations other than earthquakes as vibrations caused by earthquakes, etc., so that when an earthquake or the like occurs, the facility can be stopped quickly and reliably. it can.
According to the third and fourth inventions, if the accelerometer signal is supplied to the relay circuit, the operation state of the facility can be switched from the normal operation to the emergency stop, so that the operation can be quickly performed after an earthquake or the like occurs. The state can be changed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent damage to equipment and the like due to a delay in changing the operation state.
According to the fifth aspect, the influence of the gas on the surrounding environment can be reduced.
According to the sixth to eighth inventions, even if an earthquake or the like occurs, damage to equipment and the influence on the surrounding environment can be reduced. Further, even when a device for generating gas is provided, the influence of the gas on the surrounding environment can be reduced.

(A) is schematic explanatory drawing of the earthquake response system 1 of this invention, (B) is schematic explanatory drawing of the earthquake response system 1 provided with the emergency stop circuit. It is the schematic which shows an example of the system logic of the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of this invention. It is process schematic of a general copper smelting process. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the copper smelting apparatus.

  The earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention is a system for detecting an earthquake and stopping facilities in an emergency in the event of an earthquake, etc., and that causes vibrations and shocks caused by the earthquake and others other than the earthquake. It is characterized by being able to accurately detect earthquakes and the like by discrimination.

The earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention can be applied to any facility. For example, as the equipment in which the earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention is adopted, non-ferrous smelting factories such as a copper smelting process, petrochemical complex, and transportation system equipment can be cited.
In particular, it is suitable for facilities that are required to prevent gas from leaking to the factory and the environment around the factory in the event of an earthquake or the like, such as a non-ferrous smelting factory equipped with a gas generator.

  Below, the case where the earthquake countermeasure system of this invention is employ | adopted is demonstrated to a copper smelting factory (copper smelting process) which is a nonferrous smelting factory provided with the gas generator as a representative.

  In addition to earthquakes, vibrations and shocks caused by hydrogen explosions, steam explosions, and the like are conceivable as vibrations and shocks that cause damage to equipment and the like of the copper refining process. Therefore, in this specification, in the case of “earthquake etc.”, in addition to earthquakes, there are causes of vibrations and shocks that cause damage to hydrogen explosions, steam explosions, other copper refining process equipment, etc. Shall be included. In this specification, the term “earthquake” simply includes earthquakes, hydrogen explosions, and steam explosions that do not cause damage to copper refining process equipment. In addition, earthquakes, hydrogen explosions, and steam explosions that do not cause damage to copper refining process equipment shall not be included.

(Earthquake response system 1 of the present invention)
As shown in FIG. 1, the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of accelerometers 2 and an emergency stop command unit 10 connected to the plurality of accelerometers 2.

  The plurality of accelerometers 2 detects vibration applied to the equipment due to an earthquake or the like. The plurality of accelerometers 2 transmit the magnitude and intensity of the detected vibration to the emergency stop command unit 10. The emergency stop command unit 10 has a function of determining whether an earthquake or the like has occurred based on the magnitude and intensity of vibration detected by a plurality of accelerometers 2. And the emergency stop command part 10 has a function which transmits the signal which makes an emergency stop of an equipment to each apparatus of an equipment, etc., when it is judged that the earthquake etc. generate | occur | produced.

  Therefore, if the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of the present invention is installed in a factory facility such as a copper smelting plant, the facility can be urgently and safely stopped when a large-scale earthquake or the like occurs.

  Hereinafter, an example in which an emergency stop operation is performed by the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the example of FIG. 2, a case where four accelerometers 2 are provided will be described.

  First, when vibration is applied to factory equipment such as a copper smelting plant due to an earthquake or the like, the four accelerometers (No. 1 to 4 accelerometer 2) detect this vibration. Then, the measurement results 1 to 4 are transmitted to the emergency stop command unit 10.

  Then, in the emergency stop command unit 10, if the measurement result of any three accelerometers 2 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, 250 gal (corresponding to a judgment threshold described later)), a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred. Judge. For example, when the measurement result transmitted from any three accelerometers 2 simultaneously or within 5 minutes is 250 gal or more, it is determined that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred. That is, even if signals indicating the measurement results do not reach the emergency stop command unit 10 from each accelerometer 2 at the same time, at least two other units within 5 minutes after the signal is transmitted from the first accelerometer 2 If a signal indicating a measurement result equal to or higher than the determination threshold value is received from the accelerometer 2, it is determined that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred.

  If it is determined that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred, the emergency stop command unit 10 sends a signal notifying that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred to a centralized monitoring panel that monitors the flash smelting furnace 4, the converter 14, and the refining furnace 16. , Send to a centralized monitoring panel to monitor the liquefied chlorine storage container. Alternatively, a signal for urgently stopping the flash smelting furnace 4 and the like and the liquefied chlorine storage container is transmitted to the centralized monitoring panel (or each facility). Then, the flash smelting furnace 4 and the like and the liquefied chlorine storage container are urgently stopped.

  As described above, in the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of the present invention, facilities such as the flash smelting furnace 4, the converter 14, the refining furnace 16, and the liquefied chlorine storage container (these are based on the measurement results of the plurality of accelerometers 2. Both of them correspond to the gas generator in the claims) and can be urgently stopped. In addition, using the measurement results of the plurality of accelerometers 2, it is appropriately determined whether the detected vibration or the like is caused by an earthquake or the like, and whether or not it is a large-scale earthquake or the like. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the facility from being accidentally stopped to reduce the operation efficiency, or to prevent the facility from being damaged due to the emergency stop being delayed in the event of a large-scale earthquake or the like.

  In the above example, the case where the emergency stop command unit 10 determines that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred when the measurement results of any three accelerometers 2 are equal to or greater than a predetermined value has been described. However, it may be determined that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred when the measurement results of any two accelerometers 2 are greater than or equal to a predetermined value. Even in this case, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not the detected vibration is caused by an earthquake or the like, and whether or not it is a large-scale earthquake or the like.

(Detailed description of the earthquake response system 1 of the present invention)
Hereinafter, the accelerometer 2 and the emergency stop command unit 10 of the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of the present invention will be described in detail.

(Accelerometer 2)
First, the accelerometer 2 can detect vibration, impact, and the like. In other words, the accelerometer 2 can generally detect vibrations or impacts applied to the ground or a building.

  The plurality of accelerometers 2 are installed at locations separated from each other in the copper refining process equipment. For example, the plurality of accelerometers 2 are installed such that the distance from one accelerometer 2 to another accelerometer 2 is 10 m or more, preferably 100 m or more.

  Thus, if the plurality of accelerometers 2 are installed apart from each other, it is possible to prevent the plurality of accelerometers 2 from being simultaneously affected by vibrations caused by other than earthquakes. Then, it is possible to suppress erroneous detection of vibration or the like caused by other than an earthquake or the like as vibration or the like due to an earthquake or the like.

  For example, in the case of vibration due to an earthquake or the like, a large vibration is generated in a very wide range. Therefore, even if a plurality of accelerometers 2 are installed apart from each other, all the accelerometers 2 detect a large vibration. Therefore, when a plurality of accelerometers 2 detect a large vibration, it can be determined that an earthquake or the like has occurred. On the other hand, it is assumed that large vibrations are generated locally, such as vibrations associated with the operation of factory facilities and heavy machinery. In this case, the accelerometer 2 located in the vicinity of the location detects a large vibration, but the other accelerometers 2 detect no vibration or only weak vibration. Then, even if one accelerometer 2 detects a large vibration, it can be determined by comparison with the other accelerometers 2 that no earthquake or the like has occurred.

  If the plurality of accelerometers 2 are installed apart from each other, the environment of the place where the plurality of accelerometers 2 are installed can be changed. Then, due to the influence of earthquakes and other environmental factors, the possibility of failure of multiple accelerometers 2 is reduced at the same time. Even if one or several accelerometers 2 fail, The measurement can be continued by the accelerometer 2.

  In the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of the present invention, the number of the accelerometers 2 is not particularly limited. In the above example (see FIG. 2), the case where four accelerometers 2 are provided has been described. However, at least three accelerometers 2 may be provided. This is because, as described above, even if one or several accelerometers 2 break down due to an earthquake or the like, the measurement can be continued by at least two accelerometers 2 installed at separated positions. is there.

Furthermore, by providing four or more accelerometer 2, the measured value of the accelerometer 2 in one or a few are even may not be suitable determined by external factors (such as local vibration) or a failure or the like, Judgment such as an earthquake can be performed based on the measurement results of the remaining two or more units.

  In addition, if three or more accelerometers 2 are provided, an earthquake or the like can be determined by the following method, and therefore an earthquake or the like can be determined more accurately. In other words, after at least two (preferably three or more) of three or more accelerometers 2 detect vibration, at least one or several other accelerometers 2 vibrate within a predetermined period. Or the like, it can be determined that the vibration detected by the accelerometer 2 is an earthquake or the like. On the other hand, when at least two (preferably three or more) of the three or more accelerometers 2 detect vibration and other accelerometers 2 do not detect vibration within a predetermined period, It can be determined that the vibration detected by the accelerometer 2 is generated by a factor other than an earthquake or the like. In this case, when two accelerometers 2 happen to detect large vibrations almost simultaneously, the possibility of misidentifying as a large-scale earthquake can be reduced.

  In addition, as for the accelerometer 2, it is desirable to install four or more accelerometers 2 if possible. As the number of accelerometers 2 increases, the possibility of determining vibrations caused by factors other than earthquakes as earthquakes or the like can be reduced.

  As described above, the accelerometer 2 may be installed at a certain distance, and the installation location is not particularly limited. Nevertheless, it is desirable to install the accelerometer 2 in the vicinity of equipment that is particularly concerned about damage in the event of a large-scale earthquake or the like. Then, it is possible to quickly shut down facilities that are concerned about damage or quickly inspect for damage. In addition, even when damage occurs, it is possible to quickly perform a recovery procedure. Examples of such facilities include a self-melting furnace 4, a converter 14, a refining furnace 16, a liquefied chlorine storage container, a power generation facility, an exhaust gas treatment facility (for example, a sulfuric acid factory 12), etc. it can.

  Moreover, it is preferable to install the accelerometer 2 in the building of the facility in order to prevent damage due to corrosive gas or wind and rain. In particular, the accelerometer 2 is usually preferably installed in a place that is not normally affected by electromagnetic waves or vibrations.

(Emergency stop command unit 10)
The emergency stop command unit 10 is connected to a plurality of accelerometers 2, and based on signals from the plurality of accelerometers 2, whether or not it is an earthquake or the like and whether or not it is a large-scale earthquake or the like is determined. Has an earthquake judgment function to judge. Further, the emergency stop command unit 10 has a function of emergency stopping the equipment based on the determination of whether it is a large-scale earthquake or the like, that is, an operation switching function for switching the operating state of the equipment from normal operation to emergency stop. doing.

(Operation switching function)
First, the operation switching function is a function of transmitting a signal for switching from normal operation to emergency stop to each device of the facility when an earthquake determination function described later determines that the earthquake is a large-scale earthquake or the like. If a signal is transmitted by this operation switching function, each device of the facility automatically operates so as to change from a normal operation to an emergency stop state.

  It should be noted that switching from the emergency stop state to the normal operation is desirably performed by the operator manually operating the emergency stop command unit 10 to transmit a signal for switching from the emergency stop state to the normal operation. If the operation is performed manually, the equipment is operated again after the inspection of each equipment is completed, so that the equipment can be prevented from being operated without confirming safety.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when a centralized monitoring panel is provided, the emergency stop command unit 10 does not necessarily have an operation switching function. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, a signal determined by the earthquake determination function as a large-scale earthquake or the like may be transmitted to the centralized monitoring panel so that the centralized monitoring panel performs the operation switching function.

(Earthquake judgment function)
The earthquake determination function of the emergency stop command unit 10 is a function for determining whether an earthquake or the like or a large-scale earthquake or the like based on signals transmitted from the plurality of accelerometers 2. . That is, the earthquake determination function of the emergency stop command unit 10 has a function of determining whether a large-scale earthquake or the like based on the magnitude of vibration detected by the plurality of accelerometers 2.

  In this earthquake determination function, it is determined whether a large-scale earthquake or the like based on whether the measured value of the accelerometer 2 is larger or smaller than a certain value (determination threshold). However, as described above, the earthquake determination function determines that it is a large-scale earthquake or the like when a plurality of accelerometers 2 exceeds the determination threshold value. It is possible to accurately discriminate vibrations associated with work or operation.

  For example, the earthquake determination function determines that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred when the measured values of the plurality of accelerometers 2 are equal to or greater than the determination threshold value almost simultaneously. In addition, even when each accelerometer 2 does not detect a measured value that is equal to or greater than the determination threshold at the same time, a large-scale earthquake or the like occurs when a plurality of accelerometers 2 exceed the determination threshold within a predetermined time. Judge.

On the other hand, the earthquake judgment function analyzes signals transmitted from a plurality of accelerometers 2, and if the measured values of all the accelerometers 2 are less than the judgment threshold, it is not an earthquake or the like that damages the equipment. It is comprised so that it may judge.
In addition, the earthquake determination function makes the same determination when only the measurement value of one accelerometer 2 is equal to or greater than the determination threshold, but the measurement values of other accelerometers 2 are less than the determination threshold.
Furthermore, even when the measurement values of a plurality of accelerometers 2 are equal to or higher than the determination threshold value, the timing at which each accelerometer 2 detects the measurement value equal to or higher than the determination threshold value is separated beyond a predetermined time. Judge similarly.

  If it judges as mentioned above, a large-scale earthquake etc. can be detected appropriately, and it can prevent misidentifying a local vibration (for example, vibration accompanying a work, operation, etc. of heavy machinery) as an earthquake etc.

(Judgment threshold)
The determination threshold value may be set as appropriate according to the installation location of the equipment, the building, or the like. For example, when the earthquake countermeasure system 1 of the present invention is provided in a factory facility such as a copper smelting plant, it is desirable that the determination threshold is 250 gal as a measurement value detected by the accelerometer 2. This is because a hard disk used in a computer system for controlling factory equipment generally has poor operation reliability in a situation where vibration of 250 gal or more is applied.

  In addition, the measurement value detected by the accelerometer 2 may be compared with the determination threshold value as it is. Alternatively, an error factor included in the measurement value may be removed and then compared with the determination threshold value.

  For example, the measured value (normal value) of each accelerometer 2 is stored in a state where the facility is normally operating. Then, if the correction value obtained by removing the normal value from the measurement value detected by the accelerometer 2 is compared with the determination threshold, the occurrence of a large-scale earthquake or the like can be detected more accurately.

  Moreover, it is desirable that the earthquake determination function has a function of holding a signal related to the measurement value transmitted from the accelerometer 2 for a certain period. If it is kept for a certain period, a correction value can be obtained based on the stored signal, so the occurrence of a large-scale earthquake can be determined more accurately by comparing the correction value with a determination threshold. can do. For example, an average value of measured values for a certain period or a value obtained by converting a measured value for a certain period into a statistic such as median can be used as a correction value for comparison with a determination threshold.

  Furthermore, if the earthquake judgment function holds a signal related to the measurement value for a certain period, the possibility of misidentifying the timing at which vibration or the like is detected can be reduced. For example, when the transmission distance from the accelerometer 2 to the emergency stop command unit 10 varies depending on the accelerometer 2, even if the plurality of accelerometers 2 detect vibrations at the same time, the signal from each accelerometer 2 is an emergency stop command unit. Deviation may occur in the time to reach 10. Then, even if it should be determined as an earthquake or the like, there is a possibility that it is not determined as an earthquake or the like due to a difference in signal arrival time. However, if the seismic determination function holds the measured value for a certain period, the signal of the other accelerometer 2 can be received while the signal of the accelerometer 2 that the signal first reaches is held. . Then, even when there is a deviation in the time at which a signal arrives from each accelerometer 2 to the emergency stop command unit 10, it is possible to appropriately determine that the earthquake determination function is an earthquake or the like.

  As described above, during the period in which the earthquake determination function retains the signal related to the measurement value, the distance from each accelerometer 2 to the emergency stop command unit 10 or vibration due to heavy machinery or operation occurs in the factory premises. What is necessary is just to determine from the frequency to do. For example, in the case of a general factory, if the signal is held for about 5 minutes at most, the calculation of the correction value as described above and the determination of an earthquake or the like can be appropriately performed.

(About judgment methods such as earthquakes)
In the earthquake countermeasure system 1 according to the present invention, three or more accelerometers 2 are provided. When a large number of accelerometers 2 are used, the time at which vibration is detected by the accelerometers 2 is compared to indicate an earthquake or the like. You may make it judge. In other words, in addition to the magnitude of vibration measured by the accelerometer 2, it may be determined whether or not it is an earthquake or the like using the time and timing at which the accelerometer 2 detects vibration. Then, it can be judged more appropriately whether the vibration detected by the accelerometer 2 is caused by an earthquake or the like.

  For example, if the time when the accelerometer 2 detects vibration is compared, the timing of initial fine movement such as an earthquake can be determined. Then, since the occurrence of an earthquake or the like can be determined based on the initial tremor, the facility can be quickly stopped in an emergency in the case of a large-scale earthquake or the like, and the time until the emergency stop can be greatly shortened.

  Further, if the time at which the accelerometer 2 detects vibration can be grasped, it can be grasped which accelerometer 2 has detected the vibration the earliest. Then, according to the order in which the accelerometer 2 detects vibration, it is possible to determine whether it is an earthquake or the like. For example, when the accelerometer 2 is disposed inside and outside the factory, if the accelerometer 2 in the factory detects vibration before the accelerometer 2 in the factory outer periphery detects vibration, the vibration is generated in the factory. It is thought to be caused. If the vibration detected by the accelerometer 2 in the factory is small, it can be determined that the vibration is not caused by an earthquake or the like.

  Furthermore, with respect to vibration detected by a plurality of accelerometers 2, the apparent propagation speed can be obtained by dividing the distance between the accelerometers 2 by the difference in detection time. Then, based on the apparent propagation speed, it can be determined whether the vibration detected by the accelerometer 2 is a vibration caused by an earthquake or the like. For example, if the apparent propagation velocity is greater than the propagation velocity assumed as a seismic wave, the vibration at that time is transmitted through the ground instead of the ground surface, so the vibration detected by the accelerometer 2 is caused by an earthquake, etc. It can be determined. In addition, the propagation velocity assumed as a seismic wave may be measured in advance in the factory premises, or a general value (P wave is 5 to 7 km / second, S wave is 3 to 4 km / second) may be used.

  In the case of adopting the above-described method of using the propagation velocity, three or more accelerometers 2 are grouped, and each group of accelerometers 2 is generally on a substantially straight line extending in the horizontal direction within the factory site. It is desirable to install them so that they are aligned. If the accelerometer 2 is installed in this way, the apparent propagation speed can be easily obtained from the time when the adjacent accelerometer 2 (except the one that first detected vibration) measured the vibration. .

  Moreover, it is desirable to prepare a plurality of sets of accelerometers 2 and arrange them in a different direction. Then, since the arrangement of any pair of accelerometers 2 can be made to follow the propagation direction of vibration, the propagation speed of vibration can be obtained appropriately. In addition, when calculating | requiring propagation velocity based on the measured value of several sets of accelerometers 2 in this way, it is desirable to employ | adopt the propagation velocity of the group with the smallest apparent propagation speed among all the groups. As a result, it is possible to reduce the possibility that a thing that is not a vibration due to an earthquake or the like is mistaken as a vibration due to an earthquake or the like.

(Connection between multiple accelerometers 2 and emergency stop command unit 10)
As described above, the plurality of accelerometers 2 are connected to the emergency stop command unit 10, but the method for connecting them is not particularly limited. What is necessary is just to be connected so that the measurement result of the some accelerometer 2 can be transmitted to the emergency stop instruction | command part 10. FIG.

  For example, if the accelerometer 2 and the emergency stop command unit 10 are connected by a signal line such as an optical fiber or an electric wire, a signal can be transmitted from the accelerometer 2 to the emergency stop command unit 10 by an electric signal or an optical signal. If the measurement result is transmitted by an electric signal or an optical signal through such an optical fiber or an electric wire, transmission of signals from the plurality of accelerometers 2 to the emergency stop command unit 10 is fast. Then, prompt response based on the measurement results by the plurality of accelerometers 2 is possible, and the time from the occurrence of an earthquake or the like to the emergency stop of the equipment can be shortened.

(Switching by relay circuit)
As described above, the emergency stop command unit 10 determines that a large-scale earthquake or the like has occurred based on signals transmitted from the plurality of accelerometers 2, and then the operation switching function is installed in the facility. On the other hand, it is good also as a structure which instruct | indicates to switch an operation state from a normal operation to an emergency stop.

  On the other hand, an emergency stop circuit 11 may be provided in the emergency stop command unit 10 so that the emergency stop circuit 11 exhibits the above-described earthquake determination function and operation switching function. That is, when signals transmitted from the plurality of accelerometers 2 are in a predetermined state (that is, when a large-scale earthquake or the like is detected), a signal for switching from normal operation to emergency stop (for example, a predetermined voltage) is transmitted to the equipment. The emergency stop circuit 11 configured as described above may be provided in the emergency stop command unit 10.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, a relay circuit 11a is provided as a part of the emergency stop circuit 11 between signal lines that electrically connect the accelerometer 2 and the emergency stop command unit 10, and a plurality of relay circuits 11a are provided. Depending on the magnitude of the signal transmitted by the accelerometer 2, the voltage supplied to the signal line by the relay circuit 11a (that is, the voltage on the output side of the relay circuit 11a) may be switched. That is, the signal from the accelerometer 2 is supplied to the emergency stop circuit 11 of the emergency stop command unit 10 as a voltage value (voltage on the output side of the relay circuit 11a). In this case, when the signal transmitted from the accelerometer 2 exceeds a predetermined value (that is, when the acceleration detected by the accelerometer 2 exceeds the determination threshold), the voltage on the output side of the relay circuit 11a indicates a specific voltage value, The voltage value is supplied to the emergency stop circuit 11 of the emergency stop command unit 10. Then, when the voltage supplied to the emergency stop circuit 11 falls within a specific voltage value range, the emergency stop circuit 11 is configured to transmit a signal for switching from normal operation to emergency stop to the equipment. Then, as long as the signals transmitted from the plurality of accelerometers 2 are in a predetermined state, a signal for switching the operation state to an emergency stop is instantaneously transmitted to the facility. That is, since it is not necessary to analyze the signals from the plurality of accelerometers 2 in the emergency stop command unit 10, quick operation switching can be realized.

  Further, the voltage on the output side of the relay circuit 11a can be adjusted so that only several types (generally two types) of voltage values can be obtained. That is, the voltage supplied from the relay circuit 11a to the emergency stop circuit 11 can be limited to several voltage values. Thus, even when the signal line is long and the voltage value fluctuates or attenuates, the emergency stop circuit 11 can accurately restore the voltage on the output side of the relay circuit 11a from the received voltage value. In other words, the emergency stop circuit 11 can determine without error whether or not the acceleration detected by the accelerometer 2 is equal to or greater than the determination threshold, and thus can realize accurate operation switching. The voltage on the output side of the relay circuit 11a may be alternating current or direct current.

  In the above example, the case where the emergency stop circuit transmits a signal for emergency stop to the equipment in an emergency has been described. Conversely, the operation continuation signal may be transmitted during normal times, and the transmission of the operation continuation signal may be stopped in an emergency. In this way, it is possible to safely cope with a large-scale earthquake or the like in which the signal line from the emergency stop circuit 11 to the facility is disconnected.

(Reaction stop operation)
It is desirable that the emergency stop operation in each device of the facility can safely stop each device in the facility and can easily resume the operation of each device after the emergency stop. In particular, when the facility has a gas generator, it is desirable that the emergency stop operation is performed so that the amount of gas generated in the gas generator when the emergency stop operation is executed is reduced. If the emergency stop operation is performed in this way, it is possible to prevent environmental pollution due to leakage of gas generated in the gas generator.

For example, in the emergency stop operation of the flash smelting furnace 4 in the copper refining process, the charging amount of raw materials such as copper concentrate is reduced and the supply amount of reaction oxygen (or air) is reduced. As a result, the amount of SO ₂ gas generated in the auto-melting furnace can be reduced.

  Note that when the amount of raw material charged or the amount of reaction oxygen supplied is rapidly decreased, the temperature of the mat in the self-fluxing furnace 4 rapidly decreases. Then, the furnace body brick of the self-melting furnace 4 may be damaged by this temperature change. Therefore, even in an emergency stop operation, it is better to decrease the supply amount step by step without completely stopping the raw material charge amount and the reaction oxygen supply amount. On the other hand, the supply of raw materials and reaction oxygen may be stopped immediately as an emergency stop operation if there is little risk of damage to the furnace bricks of the self-melting furnace 4 even if a sudden temperature change occurs.

Further, in the emergency stop operation of the converter 14 in the copper refining process, the supply amount of reaction oxygen (or air) is decreased. Then, the amount of SO ₂ gas generated in the converter 14 can be reduced.

  In the converter 14, when the supply of the reaction oxygen is stopped in a state where the reaction is occurring, the melt flows back to the reaction oxygen supply pipe and solidifies to close the supply pipe. There is a possibility that the supply pipe will be melted. Therefore, in the emergency stop operation of the converter 14, before the supply of the reaction oxygen is stopped, the converter 14 is rotated so that the supply pipe is positioned above the melt, and the melt is placed in the supply pipe. It is necessary to prevent backflow.

The emergency stop operation of the refining furnace 16 in the copper refining process is performed in the same manner as the converter 14 described above. That is, the supply amount of reaction oxygen (or air) supplied to the refining furnace 16 is reduced, and the generation amount of SO ₂ gas is reduced.

The SO ₂ gas generated in the self-melting furnace 4, the converter 14, and the refining furnace 16 is usually sent to the sulfuric acid factory 12 by an SO ₂ blower provided in a flue that communicates the self-melting furnace 4 and the like with the sulfuric acid factory 12. Yes. This SO ₂ blower is preferably stopped because the SO ₂ gas is diluted when the reaction is stopped in the self-melting furnace 4, the converter 14, and the refining furnace 16. By stopping the SO ₂ blower, the movement of dilute SO ₂ gas can be suppressed, so that the quality of sulfuric acid produced in the sulfuric acid factory 12 can be maintained high. In addition, since the inflow of cold gas can be suppressed, the temperature in the furnace such as the self-melting furnace 4 and the catalyst temperature in the sulfuric acid factory 12 can be maintained high. In addition, since the SO ₂ gas diluted due to the stop of the SO ₂ blower is kept inside the auto-smelting furnace 4 and the like, there is an advantage that the neutralizing agent required for detoxifying the leaked gas can be reduced.

In the emergency stop operation, other equipment in the copper refining process is also stopped. For example,
The operation of the liquefied chlorine storage container for storing chlorine gas is also stopped. Specifically, the valve on the outlet side of the liquefied chlorine storage container is closed.

  If the emergency stop operation is performed including the equipment as described above, it is possible to suppress generation of toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and chlorine generated from each equipment in the copper refining process during the emergency stop. Then, since leakage of such a toxic gas can be prevented, it is possible to prevent the surrounding environment from being contaminated by the toxic gas when an emergency stop operation is performed.

The earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention was installed in an actual factory, and its effectiveness was confirmed.
The factory where the earthquake handling system of the present invention is installed is a copper smelting factory equipped with a gas generator. Four accelerometers were installed at the following locations in this copper smelting factory.

1) One unit in the building with exhaust gas treatment equipment (accelerometer 1)
2) One unit in the power center building where the power generation facilities are located (accelerometer 2)
3) One in the building near the liquefied chlorine storage container (accelerometer 3)
4) One unit in the building with the self-melting furnace (accelerometer 4)

The distance between the three accelerometers 1) to 3) is a linear distance, approximately 400 m between the accelerometers 1-2, approximately 400 m between the accelerometers 2-3, and approximately 700 m between the accelerometers 1-3. there were. In addition, the accelerometer 4 was installed on the approximate line segment (substantially straight line) between the accelerometers 2-3.

  In the experiment, if a measurement result transmitted within 5 minutes from any three accelerometers showed 250 gal (judgment threshold) or more, it was set to be judged as “occurrence of large-scale earthquake or the like”. In other words, even if a signal indicating the measurement result does not arrive from each accelerometer at the same time, if a signal exceeding the judgment threshold is received from the other two units (total of 3 units) within 5 minutes from the first unit, a large-scale earthquake It was set to be judged as equal occurrence.

Example 1
In the experiment, among the four accelerometers 1 to 4, two accelerometers were artificially vibrated to record a measured value of 250 gal or more. The accelerometers vibrated at this time are 1 and 2 among the accelerometers 1 to 4.

  Even when the accelerometer was vibrated as described above, the gas generator continued to operate normally. That is, it was confirmed that the earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention does not misidentify a large-scale earthquake or the like by appropriately judging the vibration even if a large vibration occurs locally.

(Example 2)
In Example 2, in order to simulate a large-scale earthquake and the like, as in Example 1, two accelerometers were artificially vibrated and a measured value of 250 gal or more was recorded. The eye accelerometer was artificially vibrated to record a measured value of 250 gal or more.

  Of the accelerometers vibrated at this time, the first two vibrated accelerometers are 1 and 2 of the accelerometers 1 to 4, and the accelerometers vibrated thereafter are three.

  When the accelerometer was vibrated as described above, the earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention determined that a large-scale earthquake occurred, and the reaction stop operation of the gas generator was performed. That is, it was confirmed that the earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention may be able to stop the reaction of the gas generator by appropriately judging a large-scale earthquake or the like.

(Example 3)
The effectiveness of the earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention was confirmed by using the earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention having the four accelerometers described above for one year.

  During the above period, heavy machinery work was carried out on the factory premises and there was a large local vibration, but no earthquake equivalent to a large-scale earthquake occurred. And during the said period, the earthquake countermeasure system of this invention did not judge that "a large-scale earthquake occurred", and reaction stop operation of the gas generator was not performed.

  That is, there is a possibility that the earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention does not misidentify large local vibrations as large-scale earthquakes and the like, and can appropriately stop large-scale earthquakes and cause the gas generator to stop the reaction. confirmed.

  The earthquake countermeasure system of the present invention is suitable for facilities equipped with a gas generator, for example, facilities such as a non-ferrous smelting process, a petrochemical complex, and a transportation system.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Copper smelting process 2 Accelerometer 10 Emergency stop command part 4 Smelting furnace 11 Emergency stop circuit 11a Relay circuit 12 Sulfuric acid factory 14 Converter 16 Refinement furnace

Claims (8)

A system that makes an emergency stop of equipment in the event of an earthquake, etc.
Three or more accelerometers installed at positions separated from each other;
An emergency stop command unit for emergency stopping the equipment based on a signal from the accelerometer,
The emergency stop command section
An earthquake countermeasure system characterized in that when an impact is detected by two or more accelerometers among the three or more accelerometers, the equipment is urgently stopped. The emergency stop command unit
2. The earthquake countermeasure system according to claim 1, wherein when an impact is detected by three or more accelerometers within a predetermined time, the facility is stopped urgently. The emergency stop command unit
It has an emergency stop circuit that switches the operation state of the equipment from normal operation to emergency stop,
The emergency stop circuit
The earthquake countermeasure system according to claim 1, further comprising a relay circuit that is supplied with a signal transmitted from the accelerometer and transmits a voltage corresponding to the signal. The emergency stop circuit
The earthquake coping method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein when the acceleration measured by the accelerometer changes from less than 250 gal to 250 gal or more, the operation state of the facility is switched from normal operation to emergency stop. The facility comprises a gas generator;
The accelerometer is installed in the vicinity of the gas generator;
The emergency stop command unit
When the operation state of the facility is switched from a normal operation to an emergency stop, it has a function of instructing the gas generator to enter an operation state that reduces the generation of gas. The earthquake handling system according to 2, 3 or 4. The gas generator is
6. The earthquake countermeasure system according to claim 5, wherein the system is one or more devices selected from the group consisting of a self-melting furnace, a converter, and a refining furnace. The gas generated in the gas generator is
The earthquake countermeasure system according to claim 5 or 6, comprising one or more substances selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and chlorine. The earthquake handling system according to claim 1, wherein the facility is a non-ferrous smelting process.

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