JP2017026420A - Bearing analysis device for railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing diagnosis device for a railway vehicle which can suppress the enlargement of the device and the complication of wiring even if a bearing for one vehicle becomes a diagnosis object, and does not need a calculation processing unit which is high in the performance of calculation for diagnosing an abnormality of the bearing.SOLUTION: In order to integrate individual detection outputs of temperature sensors and vibration sensors for one vehicle as a detection output for one vehicle, cables which are connected to the temperature sensors and the vibration sensors attached to an axle of the vehicle, and individual bearings of a drive unit and a main electric motor are coupled and integrated, and connected to an axle sensor input part and a drive/main electric motor sensor input part. Also, in order to dispense with a calculation processing unit which is high in the performance of a calculation capacity for a CPU unit, diagnosis processing is applied to the bearings only when there is a symptom phenomenon in an abnormality diagnosis of the bearings.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus for diagnosing abnormalities in railway vehicle bearings.

  As a conventional railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus, a configuration is made for each use part of a bearing to be diagnosed. For example, when a bearing for one vehicle is to be diagnosed, it is provided for each use site of the bearing.

  As an apparatus similar to a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus, for example, there is a bearing abnormality diagnosis apparatus described in Patent Document 1. This bearing abnormality diagnosis apparatus has a plurality of temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of the bearing, calculates an average value of a plurality of temperature information obtained in real time from each temperature sensor, and calculates a plurality of bearings based on the calculated average value. When the relative temperature difference reaches a predetermined first threshold, the temperature information of the temperature sensor that recorded the maximum value is scored, and the score history of the temperature sensor that recorded the maximum value within the predetermined period is displayed. When the sum of the point histories to be monitored reaches a predetermined second threshold, the bearing device whose sum exceeds the second threshold is determined to be abnormal.

JP 2012-098253 A

  However, in the conventional bearing diagnosis apparatus for railway vehicles, when bearings for one vehicle are targeted for diagnosis, it is necessary to provide the bearings for each bearing, so that the apparatus becomes large and the wiring becomes complicated. There are issues such as.

  Further, as in the bearing abnormality diagnosis device described in Patent Document 1, most of them analyze data obtained in real time for individual temperatures of a plurality of bearings in real time, which is an early diagnosis technique. However, in such a method, there is a problem that a high-performance arithmetic processing unit is required to maintain the processing speed, and the apparatus is expensive.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to suppress the enlargement of the apparatus and the complexity of the wiring even when the bearing for one vehicle is a diagnosis target, and to diagnose the abnormality of the bearing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a railway vehicle bearing diagnostic apparatus that does not require a high-performance arithmetic processing unit for the arithmetic operation.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitution.
(1) A railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus comprising: a plurality of sensors provided in a railway vehicle bearing; and an arithmetic processing unit that performs abnormality diagnosis based on detection outputs of the plurality of sensors.
Integrating the detection outputs of the plurality of sensors as detection outputs for one vehicle,
The arithmetic processing unit detects a sign phenomenon preceding an abnormality based on the detection output for the one vehicle, and performs an abnormality by analyzing and determining the detection output for the one vehicle only when the sign phenomenon is detected. Railway vehicle bearing diagnostic device that performs diagnosis.

(2) The bearing diagnosis apparatus for a railway vehicle according to (1), wherein the plurality of sensors include a temperature sensor and / or a vibration sensor.

(3) The railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus according to (1) or (2), wherein the integration as the detection output for the one vehicle is performed by bundling cables or using a relay box. .

  According to the present invention, even if a bearing for one vehicle is a diagnosis target, it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the device and the complexity of the wiring, and a high-performance arithmetic processing unit is required for the calculation for performing a bearing abnormality diagnosis. It is possible to provide a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus that does not.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the attachment state to the vehicle of the rolling stock bearing diagnostic apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure and position of a bearing of the trolley | bogie of the vehicle to which the bearing diagnosis apparatus for rail vehicles of FIG. 1 was attached. It is a figure which shows the attachment state to the bearing of the temperature sensor and vibration sensor of the bearing diagnosis apparatus for rail vehicles of FIG. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the process of CPU unit of the bearing diagnosis apparatus for rail vehicles of FIG. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the process of the CPU unit of the conventional railway vehicle bearing diagnostic apparatus.

Hereinafter, a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a figure which shows the attachment state to the vehicle 2 of the bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 for rail vehicles. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the carriages 3A and 3B of the vehicle 2 to which the railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 is attached and the position of the bearing 24. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 of the railway vehicle bearing diagnostic apparatus 1 are attached to the bearing 24.

  In FIG. 3, a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is a bearing that is a rotating component provided on each of an axle 21, a drive device (also referred to as “gear device”) 22, and a main motor 23 of a vehicle 2. It is a device for diagnosing 24 abnormalities. The railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 is attached to the bottom surface of the vehicle 2. The vehicle 2 has two carts 3A and 3B, and each of the carts 3A and 3B is provided with two axles 21, two drive devices 22 and two main motors 23, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the bearing 24 provided on the axle 21 includes an inner ring 211 that is fitted on the rotating shaft 210 of the axle 21, an outer ring 212 that is fitted on a housing or the like, and an inner ring 211 and an outer ring 212. It has a plurality of rolling elements 213 arranged so as to be able to roll between them, and a retainer (not shown) that holds the rolling elements 213 so that they can roll freely. Since the bearings 24 provided in each of the driving device 22 and the main motor 23 have the same structure, the description thereof is omitted.

  A temperature sensor 11 and a vibration sensor 12 are attached to bearings 24 provided individually for the axle 21, the drive device 22, and the main motor 23 of the vehicle 2 as sensors for detecting temperature and vibration. Eight temperature sensors 11 and eight vibration sensors 12 are attached to an axle 21 for one vehicle, and four temperature sensors 11 and four vibration sensors 12 are provided for a driving device 22 for one vehicle. It is attached. Further, four temperature sensors 11 and four vibration sensors 12 are attached to the main motor 23 for one vehicle.

  For the temperature sensor 11, for example, a thermocouple, thermistor, infrared sensor or the like is used. As the vibration sensor 12, for example, an acceleration sensor, an AE (Acoustic Emission) sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a shock pulse sensor, or the like is used. In addition, a device that can detect vibration, equivalently, and convert it into an electrical signal by detecting acceleration, speed, strain, stress, displacement, and the like can be used as appropriate. In addition, when attaching the vibration sensor 12 to the axle 21, the drive device 22, and the main motor 23 that are expected to have a lot of ambient noise, it is preferable to use an insulation type because the influence of ambient noise can be suppressed. . Further, when a vibration detecting element such as a piezoelectric element is used for the vibration sensor 12, it is possible to provide water resistance and impact resistance by adopting a structure in which this element is integrally molded with resin.

  In FIG. 1, a railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 includes an axle sensor input unit 13, a drive / main motor sensor input unit 14, a power supply unit 15, an axle I / F board 16, and a drive / main motor I / F. A board 17, a CPU unit (arithmetic processing unit) 18, and a power supply unit 19 are included.

  The axle sensor input unit 13 inputs detection outputs of the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 attached to a bearing 24 provided on each axle 21 of the vehicle 2. That is, the axle sensor input unit 13 inputs the individual detection outputs of the eight temperature sensors 11 and the individual detection outputs of the eight vibration sensors 12 provided for the axle 21 for one vehicle.

  The drive / main motor sensor input unit 14 inputs detection outputs of the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 attached to each drive device 22 of the vehicle 2 and a bearing 24 provided in each main motor 23. That is, the drive / main motor sensor input unit 14 inputs the individual detection outputs of the four temperature sensors 11 and the individual detection outputs of the four vibration sensors 12 provided for the driving device 22 for one vehicle. At the same time, the individual detection outputs of the four temperature sensors 11 and the individual detection outputs of the four vibration sensors 12 provided for the main motor 23 for one vehicle are input.

  Cables 30 and 31 (see FIG. 4) are connected to the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 attached to the axle 21 of the vehicle 2, the driving device 22, and the individual bearings 24 of the main motor 23, and these cables 30. , 31 are integrated by bundling and connected to the axle sensor input unit 13 and the drive / main motor sensor input unit 14. The individual detection outputs of the plurality of temperature sensors 11 and vibration sensors 12 are digitized by a relay box (not shown), and then parallel / serial converted and input to the axle sensor input unit 13 and the drive / main motor sensor input unit 14. You may make it do. In this case, the input form of the axle sensor input unit 13 and the drive / main motor sensor input unit 14 is set to a serial input format, or the serial / parallel converter immediately before the axle sensor input unit 13 and the drive / main motor sensor input unit 14. May be provided. Thus, by integrating the individual detection outputs of the plurality of temperature sensors 11 and the vibration sensors 12 as detection outputs for one vehicle, it is possible to suppress the increase in size and complexity of the wiring of the railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1.

  The power supply unit 15 supplies power to operate the axle sensor input unit 13 and the drive / main motor sensor input unit 14. The axle I / F board 16 connects the axle sensor input unit 13 to the CPU unit 18. The drive / main motor I / F board 17 connects the drive / main motor sensor input unit 14 to the CPU unit 18. The power supply unit 19 supplies power for operating the axle I / F board 16, the drive / main motor I / F board 17, and the CPU unit 18.

  The CPU unit 18 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), an A / D converter, an amplifier, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), and the like (not shown). The ROM holds a program for diagnosis processing of the bearing 24 provided in the vehicle 2. The CPU unit 18 performs an abnormality diagnosis of the bearing 24 by analyzing and determining the detection outputs of the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 attached to the bearings 24 for one vehicle according to the program.

  In particular, in the abnormality diagnosis performed by the CPU unit 18, a sign phenomenon preceding the abnormality is detected, and only when a sign phenomenon is detected, analysis and determination of the temperature and vibration detection output for one vehicle is performed. Usually, when an abnormality requiring diagnosis occurs in a bearing, for example, there is always a predictive phenomenon such as a rapid temperature rise or an increase in vibration amplitude. Since the sign phenomenon can be detected by comparison with a past value or a predetermined value, it is relatively easy to implement. In addition, since the diagnostic process (analysis → diagnosis) only needs to be performed when a predictive phenomenon is detected (for example, when the temperature is 80 ° C. or higher), individual temperatures and vibrations of the plurality of bearings 24 are acquired in real time The calculation load can be reduced as compared with the conventional technique for analyzing the processed data in real time. In this case, even if the diagnosis process is performed after the sign phenomenon is detected, the abnormality diagnosis of the bearing 24 can be performed with the same accuracy as the conventional technology.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an outline of processing of the CPU unit 18. In the figure, the CPU unit 18 performs data measurement on the temperature and vibration of the bearing 24 for one vehicle (step S1), and makes a predictive determination on the measurement result (step S2). That is, the CPU unit 18 takes in the detection outputs of the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 of the bearing 24 for one vehicle one by one and compares them with the past values. If the past values are the same, the CPU unit 18 determines that there is no sign phenomenon. The next temperature or vibration detection output is captured. On the other hand, if the captured detection output is different from the past value, it is determined that there is an indication phenomenon, and the temperature sensor 11 or the vibration sensor 12 of the detection output is temporarily stored. This process is performed for all temperature sensors 11 and vibration sensors 12 for one vehicle.

  If the temperature sensor 11 or the vibration sensor 12 of the detection output determined that there is a predictive phenomenon after performing the predictive determination for the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 for one vehicle, the CPU unit 18 performs other processing. Is interrupted, analysis (step S3) and determination (step S4) of the detection output of the sensor are performed, and abnormality diagnosis of the bearing 24 to which the sensor is attached is performed. The CPU unit 18 performs the processing from step S1 to step S4 every predetermined time. When a plurality of predictive phenomena are detected, the CPU unit 18 gives the highest priority to the diagnosis with high importance according to the order of priorities. As described above, since the diagnostic processing (analysis → determination) is performed on the corresponding bearing 24 only when there is a predictive phenomenon, the CPU unit 18 does not need a high-performance one with high computing ability. Conventionally, since a diagnosis process (analysis → determination) is performed on all the sensors for one vehicle, and in order to maintain real-time characteristics, a calculation capability corresponding to the number of sensors is required, a high performance CPU A unit was needed.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an outline of processing of the CPU unit 180 of the conventional railway vehicle bearing diagnostic apparatus. The CPU unit 180 shown in the figure performs data measurement on the temperature and vibration of the bearing 24 for one vehicle (step S10), analyzes the detection output obtained thereby (step S11), and determines the analysis result (step S11). Step S12). That is, the CPU unit 180 analyzes and determines the detection outputs of all the temperature sensors 11 and vibration sensors 12 for one vehicle one by one. Since this processing pursues real-time performance, it requires computing power in accordance with the number of sensors. Therefore, a high-performance CPU unit 180 with high computing power is required.

  As described above, according to the railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the individual detection outputs of the temperature sensor 11 and the vibration sensor 12 for one vehicle of the vehicle 2 having the two carriages 3A and 3B are obtained for one vehicle. Since it integrated as a detection output, the enlargement of the railway vehicle bearing diagnostic apparatus 1 and the complication of wiring can be suppressed. Further, since a plurality of vehicles 2 can be integrated, it is possible to perform bearing diagnosis for one train of a train at low cost.

  Further, in the abnormality diagnosis of the bearing 24, the diagnosis processing (analysis → determination) is performed on the corresponding bearing 24 only when there is a predictive phenomenon, so that the CPU unit 18 does not need a calculation capability according to the number of sensors. High performance and high performance are not required. That is, the railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 can be provided at low cost.

  The railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment may include a result display unit that includes a display such as a liquid crystal monitor and visually displays an abnormality diagnosis result by the CPU unit 18.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be applied without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railway vehicle bearing diagnostic apparatus 2 Vehicle 3A, 3B Carriage 11 Temperature sensor 12 Vibration sensor 13 Axle sensor input part 14 Drive / main motor sensor input part 15 Power supply part 16 Axle IF board 17 Drive / main motor IF board 18 CPU unit 19 Power supply unit 21 Axle 22 Drive device 23 Main motor 24 Bearing 30, 31 Cable 210 Rotating shaft 211 Inner ring 212 Outer ring 213 Rolling element

Claims (3)

A railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus comprising: a plurality of sensors provided in a railway vehicle bearing; and an arithmetic processing unit that performs abnormality diagnosis based on detection outputs of the plurality of sensors.
Integrating the detection outputs of the plurality of sensors as detection outputs for one vehicle,
The arithmetic processing unit detects a sign phenomenon preceding an abnormality based on the detection output for the one vehicle, and performs an abnormality by analyzing and determining the detection output for the one vehicle only when the sign phenomenon is detected. Railway vehicle bearing diagnostic device that performs diagnosis. The bearing diagnosis apparatus for a railway vehicle according to claim 1,
The bearing diagnosis apparatus for a railway vehicle, wherein the plurality of sensors include a temperature sensor and / or a vibration sensor. The bearing diagnosis device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2,
The railway vehicle bearing diagnosis apparatus, in which the integration of detection outputs for one vehicle is performed by cable bundling or relay boxes.

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