JP2017026006A - Active fault countermeasure piping, design method for active fault countermeasure piping and process of manufacture of active fault countermeasure piping - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a design method for an active fault countermeasure piping in which the active fault countermeasure piping for restricting leakage of stored item from a piping with a siphon at the time of earth crust motion can be efficiently designed.SOLUTION: A design method for an active fault countermeasure piping is a design method for the active fault countermeasure piping in which stored item in the piping is not leaked out of the piping when the active fault is moved at the time of earth crust motion at the piping 10 buried in soil 200 having an active fault 205 and provided with a siphon 20, the siphon includes a first straight pipe 26 extending along a first adjoining portion 11 adjacent to the siphon at the piping, a size Lof the siphon that is a distance between a central axis line of the first adjoining portion and a central axis line of the first straight pipe is determined to be adjusted on the basis of a position of the siphon along an extending direction D of the pipe in respect to a reference point Pthat is a crossing point between an active fault surface 208 of the active fault and a central axis line Cof the pipe or it is determined to arrange the active fault countermeasure part 30 constituted by a partial curved part of the pipe at the pipe.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11

Description

  The present invention relates to an active fault countermeasure piping, an active fault countermeasure piping design method, and an active fault countermeasure piping manufacturing method.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, piping for flowing accommodated substances such as gas and water is used by being buried in the ground. Such piping is mainly buried along the road. By burying the pipe in the ground, the pipe is less likely to become an obstacle during daily work.
However, piping buried in the ground has a problem that, for example, when ground subsidence occurs, the piping is pulled out at a joint portion of the piping or protrudes on the road.

Therefore, in Non-Patent Document 1, countermeasures for ground subsidence are broadly divided into piping countermeasures and ground countermeasures. Countermeasure classification includes sand foundation floor work, pipe support foundation work, and ground improvement.
As countermeasures for ground subsidence in piping, for example, increasing the outer diameter of the portion of the piping fixed to the base is performed.

Moreover, in the nonpatent literature 2, the earthquake resistance countermeasure with respect to the active fault of the steel pipe (pipe) for water supply was examined, and the following content is disclosed.
When a fault displacement is applied to a steel pipe laid across a reverse fault, buckling occurs before and after the fault plane of the active fault. Since the initial imperfection of the actual pipe is different for all pipes, it is difficult to predict the buckling occurrence position and subsequent deformation. Therefore, in Non-Patent Document 2, a shape in which the tube is easily deformed is given as an initial deformation to a portion where buckling occurs in the tube, and the deformation is concentrated on this portion.
Specifically, a corrugated mountain portion (fault countermeasure portion) having an outer diameter larger than that of other portions of the pipe was provided in the portion where buckling occurred. The wave width was set to several times the wavelength obtained from the Timoshenko's buckling half-wave theory. The wave height was set to several times the tube thickness.
That is, the ridges are provided at two positions across the fault plane where the steel pipe buckles.

  The bending performance of the thus configured active fault countermeasure piping was analyzed using FEM (finite element method). As a result of the analysis, the deformation concentrated only on the mountain part, and the deformation of the mountain part was within the allowable bending angle of 12 ° at the fault displacement amount of 1.44 m. Thus, it has been found that even if the steel pipe is plastically deformed, the occurrence of cracks can be avoided and a cross section capable of continuing water supply can be secured.

Written by Shiro Takada, “Lifeline Earthquake Engineering”, Kyoritsu Publishing Co., Ltd., p107-129 Nobuhiro Hasegawa and two others, “Development of“ steel pipes for faults ”using buckling waveforms”, [online], January 2013, JFE Technical Report No. 31, [July 7, 2015 Search], Internet <URL: http://www.jfe-steel.co.jp/research/giho/031/12.html>

Embedded objects such as cables may be buried in the ground. When the pipe intersects with the buried object, provide an underlay to avoid the buried object in the pipe. Note that Non-Patent Document 2 does not discuss measures for crustal movement when an overturn is provided in the piping.
In the case where the underground is provided in the piping, it is necessary to design the underground so as to avoid the buried object even if the existing active fault countermeasure piping or the existing active fault countermeasure piping is redesigned. For this reason, the design of active fault countermeasures is restricted, and the items that must be noted at the time of design increase, which requires a great deal of effort in designing active fault countermeasure piping.

  This invention is made in view of such a problem, Comprising: It is possible to efficiently design an active fault countermeasure piping that suppresses leakage of the contents during crust movement from a piping provided with an overturn. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, a method for manufacturing an active fault countermeasure pipe using the method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, and an active fault countermeasure pipe.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The design method of the active fault countermeasure piping according to the first aspect of the present invention is embedded in the ground having an active fault and extends in a straight line, and is provided with an overturn to avoid an embedded object embedded in the ground. In the piping, when the active fault moves during crustal movement, the design accommodated in the active fault countermeasure piping designed to prevent leakage of the contents accommodated in the piping from the piping, An extension direction of the pipe with respect to a reference point that is an intersection of a fault plane of the active fault and a central axis of the pipe, the pipe including a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the underlay in the pipe Whether to determine the size of the underlay, which is the distance between the center axis of the first adjacent portion and the center axis of the first straight pipe of the underlay, based on the position of the overturn along , Part of the piping is bent The fault countermeasure section constituted by are is characterized by determining the provision in the pipe.

According to this aspect, if the distance between the reference point and the overburden position is relatively long, the possibility of the leakage of the contents from the depression during the crustal movement is relatively low, but the possibility of the leakage of the contents from the piping is possible. Get higher. For this reason, a fault countermeasure section is provided in the piping as a countermeasure against leakage of the contents. On the other hand, if the distance between the reference point and the overlying position is relatively short, there is a relatively high possibility that the containment will leak from the overturn during crustal movement. Adjust.
In this way, since the leakage countermeasure for the containment is uniquely determined based on the distance between the reference point and the position of the overturn, the number of simulations required to confirm what is suitable as a countermeasure against the leakage of the containment Can be reduced.

  Moreover, the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping according to the second aspect of the present invention includes an overlay for avoiding a buried object buried in the ground having an active fault and extending linearly. In the pipe to be provided, a design method for an active fault countermeasure pipe that is designed so that the contents accommodated in the pipe does not leak from the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement, The pipe includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the underlay in the pipe, and a position of a fault plane of the active fault is based on a reference plane including a central axis of the pipe and parallel to a vertical direction. On the cross-section, when the overlay is located within the estimated fault range when it is within the estimated fault range defined by a certain range in the extending direction of the pipe, The part is bent When the underlay is arranged outside the estimated fault range, the pair of fault countermeasure parts configured by the above are arranged along the extending direction. Further, on the basis of the position of the overturn, it is decided to adjust the size of the overturn, which is the distance between the center axis of the first adjacent portion and the center axis of the first straight pipe of the overturn, It is characterized by deciding to provide a fault countermeasure section in the pipe.

According to this aspect, when the underlay is arranged in the fault estimation range, the fault plane is arranged in the fault estimation range by providing a pair of fault countermeasure parts so that the fault estimation range is sandwiched between the pipes. Regardless of the location, a pair of fault countermeasures cooperate to take measures against leakage of the contents.
When the underlay is located outside the fault estimation range, if the distance between the fault estimation range and the overburden position is relatively long, the possibility that the contents will leak from the overturn during crustal movement is relatively low. There is a high possibility that the contents will leak from the piping. For this reason, a fault countermeasure section is provided in the pipe as a countermeasure against pipe leakage. On the other hand, if the distance between the fault estimation range and the overburden position is relatively short, there is a relatively high possibility that the contents will leak from the overburden during crustal movement, so the size of the overburden is adjusted.
As described above, since the measures for leakage of the containment are uniquely determined based on the position where the overlay is located with respect to the fault estimation range and the distance between the fault estimation range and the overlay position, the leakage of the containment is determined. It is possible to reduce the number of simulations necessary to confirm what is appropriate as a countermeasure.

Further, in the above-described method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, one overlay is provided, and the reference point and the overturn are used to represent the position of the overpass along the extending direction with respect to the reference point. Using an overturning distance that is a distance along the extending direction from the center of the pipe, and when the overturning distance exceeds a preset reference distance, the pipe between the reference point and the overturning is It may be decided to provide a fault countermeasure unit, and when the overturning distance is less than or equal to the reference distance, it may be decided to adjust the overturning size.
Moreover, in the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping described above, the one overburden is provided outside the fault estimation range, and the active fault moving layer and the stationary layer on the side where the underlay is provided The extension of the reference point and the center of the underlay is used to represent the position of the underlay along the extending direction with the intersection of the end of the fault estimation range and the center axis of the pipe as the reference point. When using an overturning distance defined as a distance along the direction, when the overturning distance exceeds a preset reference distance, the fault countermeasure unit is provided in the pipe between the reference point and the overturning. It is also possible to decide to adjust the size of the overturn when the overpass distance is equal to or less than the reference distance.

  Further, in the above-described method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, the overburden is provided in a stationary layer of the active fault, and the fault countermeasure section is in a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe. A second straight pipe extending along, and when the distance between the central axis of the second adjacent portion and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure section is the size of the fault countermeasure section, the overlay distance When the distance exceeds the reference distance, it is decided to further provide the fault countermeasure part in the pipe in the moving layer of the active fault, determine the size of the fault countermeasure part of the pair of fault countermeasure parts equal to each other, When the overturning distance is less than or equal to the reference distance, it may be determined that the fault countermeasure unit is provided in the pipe in the moving layer, and the size of the fault countermeasure unit and the size of the overturn may be determined to be equal to each other.

  Further, in the above active fault countermeasure piping design method, when the overturning distance exceeds the reference distance, the shape of the pair of fault countermeasure portions is made equal to each other, and the center between the pair of fault countermeasure portions is the same. The distance along the extending direction is determined to be equal to or less than the reference distance, and the distance between the center of each fault countermeasure unit and the reference point is determined to be equal to each other along the extending direction. When the overhaul distance is equal to or less than the reference distance, the shape of the fault countermeasure unit is determined to be the same as the overhead shape while maintaining the overhead shape, and the overburden size of the overhead, and the overburden As the size of the fault countermeasure section is equal to the size of the fault countermeasure section, the longer one of the dimensions of the fault countermeasure section where the contents do not leak from the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement The size of the fault countermeasure part and the size of the overturning part are determined so that the distance between the center of the overturning part and the center of the fault countermeasure part is the reference distance. You may decide to become below.

  Further, in the above-described method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, the overburden is provided in a stationary layer of the active fault, and the fault countermeasure section is in a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe. A second straight pipe extending along, and when the distance between the central axis of the second adjacent portion and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure section is the size of the fault countermeasure section, the overlay distance When the distance exceeds the reference distance, it is decided to further provide the fault countermeasure part outside the fault estimation range and in the pipe in the moving layer of the active fault, and the fault countermeasure part of the pair of fault countermeasure parts Are determined to be equal to each other, and when the overturning distance is equal to or less than the reference distance, the fault countermeasure unit is determined to be provided outside the fault estimation range and in the pipe in the moving layer, Part size It may be equal to decide one another the size of the Fushimi over.

Further, in the above design method of active fault countermeasure piping, when the overturning distance exceeds the reference distance, the shape of the pair of fault countermeasure parts is determined to be equal to each other, and when the overthrow distance is equal to or less than the reference distance, The shape of the fault countermeasure unit is determined to be the same as the shape of the overthrow while maintaining the shape of the overturn, the size of the overturn, the size of the overturn and the size of the overturn It is assumed that the size of the countermeasure part is equal, so that when the active fault moves during crustal movement, the contained material does not leak from the pipe, so that it becomes equal to the longer one of the size of the overturning and the fault countermeasure part. The size of the overlay of the overlay and the size of the fault countermeasure portion of the fault countermeasure portion may be respectively determined.
Further, in the above active fault countermeasure piping design method, when the overturning distance exceeds the reference distance and the distance between the centers of the pair of fault countermeasure parts exceeds the reference distance, the pair of fault countermeasure parts It is decided to provide an auxiliary fault countermeasure part which is the fault countermeasure part in the pipe in between, and the distance between adjacent ones of the center of the pair of fault countermeasure parts and the center of the auxiliary fault countermeasure part is equal to or less than the reference distance When the overpass distance is equal to or less than the reference distance, and the distance between the center of the overturn and the center of the fault countermeasure unit exceeds the reference distance, between the overturn and the fault countermeasure unit By deciding to provide the auxiliary fault countermeasure unit on the pipe, the distance between adjacent ones of the center of the overturn, the center of the fault countermeasure unit, and the center of the auxiliary fault countermeasure unit is less than the reference distance. It may be.

  Moreover, in the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping described above, the first and second overturns that are the overturn are provided so as to sandwich the tomographic plane, and are along the extending direction with respect to the reference point. In order to represent the position of the overturn, using the distance between the overpass between the center of the first overturn and the center of the second overpass, which is the distance along the extending direction, the fault countermeasure unit, The pipe includes a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section, and a distance between a central axis of the second adjacent section and a central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure section Is the size of the fault countermeasure part, and when the overpass distance is less than a preset reference distance, the size of the overturn of the first overpass and the overfill of the second overpass The sizes are determined to be equal to each other, and the distance between the overturns is the reference When the above releasing may decide to provide the fault countermeasure to the pipe between the first bend down over said second Fushimi over.

  Further, in the above-described method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, when the inter-overlay distance is less than the reference distance, the positions where the first overturn and the second overturn are provided in the pipe are not changed. Maintaining the shape of one overturn and the shape of the second overturn, respectively, the size of the overturn of the first overpass, the size of the overturn of the second overturn, and the first overturn The size of the overturning that does not leak from the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement, assuming that the size of the overturning is equal to the size of the overturning of the second overpass Determining the size of the overturn of the first overturn and the size of the overturn of the second overturn to be equal to a long size, and the inter-overlay distance is equal to or greater than the reference distance; Between the reference point and the first When the distance between the reference point and the center of the second underlay is longer than the distance to the center, the shape of the fault countermeasure portion is changed to the first overpass while maintaining the shape of the first overturn. The active fault moves at the time of crustal movement, assuming that the size of the overturn of the first overlay and the size of the overturn of the first overpass and the size of the fault countermeasure part are equal. And the fault countermeasure portion so that the contents are equal to the longer one of the sizes of the first overturn and the fault countermeasure portion so that the contents do not leak from the pipe. May be determined, and it may be determined that the fault countermeasure section is provided in the pipe on the second overlay side of the fault plane.

  Further, in the above-described method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, the underlay is disposed within the fault estimation range, and the fault countermeasure section extends along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe. When the distance between the central axis of the pipe and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure unit is the size of the fault countermeasure unit, the size of the overlay and the pair of faults You may determine so that the magnitude | size of a countermeasure part may become equal mutually.

Further, in the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping described above, the shape of the fault countermeasure portion is determined to be the same as the shape of the overturn, the size of the overturn, the size of the overturn and the fault When the active fault moves during crustal movement, assuming that the size of the countermeasure portion is equal, the containment contained in the pipe does not leak from the pipe, and the longer one of the sizes of the overturn and the fault countermeasure portion The size of the overlay of the overlay and the size of the fault countermeasure portion of the fault countermeasure portion may be respectively determined so as to be equal to the size.
Further, in the above-described method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, when the distance between adjacent ones of the center of the pair of fault countermeasure parts and the center of the overpass exceeds the reference distance, the pipe is the fault countermeasure part. By deciding to provide an auxiliary fault countermeasure section, the distance between adjacent centers of the pair of fault countermeasure sections, the center of the overturn, and the center of the auxiliary fault countermeasure section may be less than the reference distance.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the active fault countermeasure piping of the 3rd aspect of this invention is characterized by manufacturing the said active fault countermeasure piping designed by the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping in any of the above.

  In addition, the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, which is embedded in the ground having an active fault and extends linearly, and there is an overturn to avoid the buried object embedded in the ground. In the pipe to be provided, a design method for an active fault countermeasure pipe that is designed so that the contents accommodated in the pipe does not leak from the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement, The pipe having a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the underlay in the pipe, provided in the stationary layer of the active fault, and arranged in the moving layer of the active fault A fault countermeasure portion including a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the pipe is provided, and a center axis of the first adjacent portion and a center of the first straight pipe lying below The distance from the axis and the first The distance between the center axis of the second straight pipe of the central axis line and the fault countermeasure adjacent portions, is characterized in that determined as equal.

  Further, the active fault countermeasure pipe according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is provided in the pipe embedded in the ground having an active fault and extending linearly, and in the pipe in the stationary layer of the active fault. A fault countermeasure unit formed by an overturn for avoiding an embedded object embedded in the ground and the pipe in the moving layer of the active fault, wherein a part of the pipe is bent. And the undercover includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the overturn in the pipe, and the fault countermeasure section is adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe. A second straight pipe extending along the second adjacent portion, the distance between the central axis of the first adjacent portion and the central axis of the first straight pipe lying behind, and the central axis of the second adjacent portion; Center axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure section The distance is characterized by equal.

  According to these aspects, the distance between the center axis of the first adjacent portion and the center axis of the first straight pipe lying behind, the center axis of the second adjacent portion and the center axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure portion Is equal to the distance.

  Further, in the sixth aspect of the present invention, the active fault countermeasure piping design method is embedded in the ground having an active fault and extends linearly, and there is an overlay to avoid the buried object buried in the ground. In the pipe to be provided, a design method for an active fault countermeasure pipe that is designed so that the contents accommodated in the pipe does not leak from the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement, A first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the underlay in the pipe, provided in a stationary layer and a moving layer of the active fault, respectively, between the pair of the overturn In the pipe, it is decided to provide a fault countermeasure part including a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent part adjacent to the pipe, and a central axis of one of the first adjacent parts of the pair of overlays and the Overpass The distance between the central axis of the first straight pipe and the distance between the central axis of the second adjacent part and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure unit are determined to be equal. Yes.

  Moreover, the active fault countermeasure pipe of the seventh aspect of the present invention is a pipe embedded in the ground having an active fault and formed to extend linearly, and in the stationary layer and the moving layer of the active fault. Provided in each of the pipes and provided in the pipe between the pair of overturns to avoid the buried object embedded in the ground, and part of the pipes are bent. A fault countermeasure section composed of: a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the depression in the pipe; and the fault countermeasure section, A pipe having a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section, and a central axis of one of the pair of overlays and the first straight pipe of the overturn The distance from the central axis of the The distance between the center axis of the second straight pipe of the central axis line and the fault countermeasure adjacent portions, is characterized by equal.

  According to this aspect, the distance between the center axis of the first adjacent portion of one of the pair of overpasses and the center axis of the first straight tube of the overpass, the center axis of the second adjacent portion, and the second of the fault countermeasure portion The distance from the central axis of the straight pipe is equal.

In the aspect of the present invention, according to the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping according to claim 1, what is suitable as a countermeasure against leakage of the contents is unambiguous on the basis of the distance between the reference point and the overlay position. Therefore, the active fault countermeasure piping can be efficiently designed by reducing the number of times of simulation.
According to the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping according to claim 5, what is suitable as a countermeasure for leakage of the contents is the position of the overlay with respect to the fault estimation range and the reference point and the overpass Since it is uniquely determined based on the distance to the position, the active fault countermeasure piping can be efficiently designed by reducing the number of times of simulation.

According to the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping according to claim 2 and 6, since the leakage countermeasure for the containment is uniquely determined based on the overturning distance, what is more suitable as a countermeasure against the leakage of the accommodation is more suitable. Become clear.
According to the design method of the active fault countermeasure pipe according to claim 3 and 7, when the overturn is provided in the stationary layer, the active fault countermeasure pipe is based on the magnitude relation between the overturn distance and the reference distance. Can be designed efficiently.

According to the method for designing active fault countermeasure piping according to claim 4, even if the fault plane is sandwiched between the first and second overturns, it is based on the magnitude relationship between the inter-overlay distance and the reference distance. Therefore, active fault countermeasure piping can be designed efficiently. It is possible to suppress deformation from concentrating on one of the two overlays by determining the size of the overturn of the first overturn and the size of the overturn of the second overturn.
According to the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping according to claim 8, when it is known that the position of the fault plane is in any one of the fault estimation ranges and the underlay is arranged in the fault estimation range Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deformation from being concentrated on one of the overturning and the pair of fault countermeasures.
According to the manufacturing method of the active fault countermeasure pipe according to the ninth aspect, the active fault countermeasure pipe that can be efficiently designed can be manufactured.

According to the active fault countermeasure piping design method according to the tenth aspect and the active fault countermeasure piping according to the twelfth aspect, it is possible to suppress deformation from being concentrated on one of the overlay and the fault countermeasure section.
According to the method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe according to claim 11 and the active fault countermeasure pipe according to claim 13, it is possible to suppress deformation from concentrating on one of the pair of overhangs and one of the fault countermeasure sections. can do.

It is a side view of piping embed | buried in the ground for demonstrating the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of piping embed | buried in the ground. It is a side view of the fault countermeasure part used for the design method of the same active fault countermeasure piping. It is a flowchart which shows the design method of the same active fault countermeasure piping. It is a flowchart which shows the design method of the same active fault countermeasure piping. It is an example of the whole figure of the analysis model used when simulating with the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping. It is a figure which shows the attachment position of the ground spring in the part comprised by the beam element among analysis models. It is a figure which shows the attachment position of the ground spring in the part comprised by the shell element among the analysis models. It is a figure of the fault plane vicinity which shows the result of having performed the simulation. It is a figure of the fault countermeasure part vicinity which shows the result of having performed the simulation. It is a side view explaining the state after performing the fault countermeasure part setting process of the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping. It is the figure which modeled the behavior of the active fault countermeasure piping buried in the ground which has an active fault. It is a side view explaining the state before performing the penetration adjustment process of the design method of the same active fault countermeasure piping. It is a side view explaining the state after performing the penetration adjustment process of the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping. It is a side view explaining the state before performing the fault countermeasure part setting process in the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view explaining the state after performing the fault countermeasure part setting process of the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping. It is a side view explaining the state before performing the penetration adjustment process of the design method of the same active fault countermeasure piping. It is a side view explaining the state after performing the penetration adjustment process of the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping. It is a side view explaining the state after performing (A) Overlay adjustment process in the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and (B) Overlay adjustment process. It is a side view explaining the state before performing the fault countermeasure part setting process of the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping. It is a side view explaining the state after performing the fault countermeasure part setting process of the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping. In the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 4th Embodiment of this invention, (A) The state before performing a fault countermeasure part setting process, (B) The side view explaining the state after performing a fault countermeasure part setting process is there. It is a side view explaining the state after performing (A) Overlay adjustment process in the design method of the same active fault countermeasure piping, and the state after performing (B) Overlay adjustment process. In the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 5th Embodiment of this invention, (A) The state before performing a fault countermeasure part setting process, (B) The side view explaining the state after performing a fault countermeasure part setting process is there. It is a side view explaining the state after performing (A) Overlay adjustment process in the design method of the same active fault countermeasure piping, and the state after performing (B) Overlay adjustment process. In the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 6th Embodiment of this invention, (A) The state before performing a fault countermeasure part setting process, (B) The side view explaining the state after performing a fault countermeasure part setting process is there. It is a side view of the state where the active fault countermeasure piping of 7th Embodiment of this invention was embed | buried in the ground. It is a side view explaining the state of piping before performing the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the state where the active fault countermeasure piping of 8th Embodiment of this invention was embed | buried in the ground. It is a side view explaining the state of piping before performing the design method of the active fault countermeasure piping of 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the active fault countermeasure piping in embodiment of the modification of this invention. It is a top view of the active fault countermeasure piping in embodiment of the modification of this invention. It is a side view of the side surface of the active fault countermeasure piping in embodiment of the modification of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a design method for active fault countermeasure piping according to the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as a design method) will be described with reference to FIGS. In all the following drawings, the ratio of the outer diameters and dimensions of each component are adjusted to make the drawings easier to see.
First, the active fault, piping, and overburden that the ground has will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the active fault 205 included in the ground 200 includes a stationary layer (STATIONIONARY) 206 that does not move during the crustal movement of the active fault 205 and a moving layer (MOVING) 207 that moves during the crustal movement. It has a reverse fault. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along a reference plane T ₀ including the central axis C ₀ of the pipe 10 and parallel to the vertical direction.
During the crustal movement, the stationary layer 206 does not move, but the moving layer 207 moves to the position P ₁ so as to ride on the stationary layer 206 along the tomographic plane 208 that is the boundary between the stationary layer 206 and the moving layer 207. At this time, the distance the mobile layer 207 is moved in the vertical direction, a fault displacement amount L ₁ of active fault 205 is displaced. The angle formed by the ground surface 201 of the ground 200 and the fault plane 208 is the fault inclination angle θ.
The material of the pipe 10 is steel or the like. The pipe 10 extends in a straight line and is embedded along the ground surface 201.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pipe 10 is generally embedded in the ground 200 along the road 215. The road 215 includes, for example, a roadway 216 and a pair of sidewalks 217 arranged so as to sandwich the roadway 216 in the width direction. In this example, the pipe 10 is embedded below the roadway 216.
In the ground 200 around the road 215, the buried object 218 shown in FIG. 1 such as a cable is buried in addition to the pipe 10. In this example, in order for the pipe 10 to avoid the buried object 218, one overhang 20 is provided in the pipe 10. The underlay 20 is provided in the moving layer 207 of the active fault 205.

The underlay 20 has curved pipes 21 to 24 and straight pipes 25 to 27, and is formed in a curved shape so as to protrude downward. The curved pipes 21 to 24 are abbreviations of the curved pipes 21, 22, 23, and 24, and the straight pipes 25 to 27 are abbreviations of the straight pipes 25, 26, and 27. Hereinafter, the curved pipe and the straight pipe will be abbreviated in the same manner. The central axes of the curved pipes 21 to 24 are arcuate, and the central axes of the straight pipes 25 to 27 are linear. The straight pipe (first straight pipe) 26 extends along the first adjacent portion 11 adjacent to the overhang 20 in the pipe 10. The materials of the bent pipes 21 to 24 and the straight pipes 25 to 27 are the same as the material of the pipe 10. The straight pipe 26 is disposed below the first adjacent portion 11.
Note that the shape of the overturn 20 is the same U type as the shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 described later. For details of the outer diameters, center angles, etc. of the curved pipes 21-24 and the straight pipes 25-27, refer to the fault countermeasure section 30 described later. Here, the same shape means that similar shapes having different sizes are included. In other words, there are overslopes and fault countermeasure parts that have the same shape but different sizes.

Here, the distance between the center axis C ₁ of the first adjacent portion 11 and the center axis C ₂ of the straight pipe 26 of the overhang 20 is defined as an overhang size L ₂ .
In the pipe 10 and the overpass 20, for example, a high-pressure gas, oil, water or the like (not shown) is accommodated and flowing.
The pipe 10 and the overpass 20 may be so-called existing ones already embedded in the ground 200 or may be so-called new ones embedded in the ground 200 from now on.

Next, the fault countermeasure unit provided in the pipe 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
The fault countermeasure unit 30 is provided in the pipe 10 and is formed in the same shape as the overhang 20 in this example. That is, the fault countermeasure unit 30 has curved pipes 31 to 34 and straight pipes 35 to 37, and is formed in a curved shape so as to protrude downward. The central axes of the curved pipes 31 to 34 are arcuate, and the central axes of the straight pipes 35 to 37 are linear. The straight pipe (second straight pipe) 36 extends along the second adjacent portion 12 adjacent to the fault countermeasure unit 30 in the pipe 10.
The materials of the curved pipes 31 to 34 and the straight pipes 35 to 37 are the same as the material of the pipe 10. The outer diameter of the straight pipes 35 to 37 and the outer diameter of the curved pipes 31 to 34 are substantially equal to the outer diameter of the pipe 10. Central angle alpha ₁ of the bent tube 31 to 34 are equal to each other, for example, 45 °. The radius of curvature of the central axis of the curved pipes 31 to 34 is, for example, a value that is three times or five times the outer diameter of the pipe 10.
Here, the distance between the central axis C ₄ of the second adjacent portion 12 and the central axis C ₅ of the straight pipe 36 of the fault countermeasure unit 30 is defined as the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure unit.

Even if both ends of the curved pipes 31 to 34 are provided with connection portions (not shown) having a length of the outer diameter of the pipe 10 for connection to the second adjacent portion 12 of the pipe 10 and the straight pipes 35 to 37. Good.
The lengths of the straight pipes 35 and 37 are not less than the outer diameter of the pipe 10. The length of the straight pipe 36 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the pipe 10.
By adjusting the length of the straight pipe 35 and 37, it is possible to adjust the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure.

The second adjacent portion 12 and the straight pipe 35 of the pipe 10 are fixed by butt welding or the like in a state of being butted to the connection portions provided at both ends of the curved pipe 31.
Similarly, the straight pipes 35 and 36 are fixed to the curved pipe 32 by butt welding or the like. The straight pipes 36 and 37 are fixed to the curved pipe 33 by butt welding or the like. The third adjacent portion 13 and the straight pipe 37 of the pipe 10 are fixed to the curved pipe 34 by butt welding or the like.
Fault protection unit 30, so that the center axis C ₄ of the second adjacent portion 12 and the center axis C ₆ of the third adjacent portion 13 are matched, are provided on the pipe 10. The fault countermeasure unit 30 may be configured such that the central axis of the second adjacent portion 12 and the central axis of the third adjacent portion 13 are shifted.

Fault protection portion 30 is formed to be symmetrical with respect to the reference plane T _1.
Similarly, Fushimi over 20 shown in FIG. 1 is formed to be symmetrical with respect to the reference plane T _2. Center of Fushimi over 20 in the extending direction D of the pipe 10, the center of the tomographic countermeasure 30 are each position of the reference plane T _2, the position of the reference plane T _1.
Here, the intersection of the fault plane 208 of the active fault 205 and the central axis C ₀ of the pipe 10 is defined as a reference point P ₃ .
In the present embodiment, to represent the position of the saphenous over 20 along the extending direction D relative to the reference point P _3, it is defined as a distance along the extending direction D between the center of the reference point P ₃ and bend down over 20 It is used facedown over distance L ₅ that.
The fault countermeasure unit 30 is configured by the pipe 10 being bent by curved pipes 31 to 34. Hereinafter, the shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 illustrated in FIG. 3 is referred to as a U type.
In this example, an active fault countermeasure pipe is configured by providing the fault countermeasure section 30 in the pipe 10 provided with the overhang 20.

Next, a description will be given of a design method for designing the pipe 10 and the overpass 20 configured as described above so that the contents are not leaked from the pipe 10 and the overpass 20 when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement. . 4 and 5 are flowcharts showing the design method of this embodiment.
In the following example, fault displacement amount _{L 1} of the active fault 205 is 2.32M, the fault angle of inclination θ a is 45 °. Assume that the position of the tomographic plane 208 is accurately known. A case where the position of the tomographic plane 208 is not accurately known will be described later.
If the pipe 10 is the existing employs Fushimi crossing magnitude are already provided in the bend down over the size L _2. If the pipe 10 is newly determines the Fushimi over size L ₂ so as to avoid buried object to a predetermined value.

First, in step S1 (see FIG. 4), a simulation is performed using a computer to obtain a reference distance.
Determining the Fushimi over distance _{L 5} to a predetermined value of 120m, and the like.
FIG. 6 shows an overall view of a piping and an behind-the-scene analysis model used for the simulation. The coordinates of the portion that intersects the fault plane in the piping and the overpass are set to x = 0 m on the x-axis. The piping extends along the x axis, and the range from x = −500 m to x = 500 m is modeled. In the analysis model of the piping and the overturn, the range of 100 m in length including the part modeling the overturn was constituted by the shell element, and the other part was constituted by the beam element. In addition, since the buried objects move in the same way during the crustal movement, it is considered that the contents will not leak from the underground due to the interference between the underground and the buried objects. For this reason, buried objects are not modeled in the analysis model.
With respect to a reference plane that includes the central axis of the pipe and is parallel to the vertical direction, the pipe and the overturning have a plane-symmetric shape. Therefore, the analysis model is a 1/2 model that forms only one side with respect to this reference plane.

In consideration of the fact that the piping and the overturning slip out above the ground surface during crustal movement, if the piping and the overturning are displaced upwards beyond the soil cover, the ground restraint force in all directions is lost. .
The outer diameter of the pipe was 0.508 m, the thickness was 11.9 mm, and the embedment depth (soil covering) of the pipe was 1.5 m. The elastic modulus of the piping was 2.06 × 10 ⁵ MPa (megapascal), the tensile strength (σt) was 520 MPa, and the proof stress (σy) was 415 MPa.
In the extending direction of the pipe, the yield displacement was 0.25 cm, the limit shear stress was 1.25 N / cm ² (Newton per square centimeter), and the ground spring coefficient was 5.0 N / cm ³ . In the radial direction of the pipe, the yield displacement was 2.42 cm, the maximum ground restraint force was 27.80 N / cm ² , and the ground spring coefficient was 11.48 N / cm ³ .
The design pressure was 7.0 MPa.
For the simulation, a known general-purpose nonlinear structural analysis program, MSC. Marc was used.

High Pressure Gas Pipeline Liquefaction Seismic Design Guidelines December 2001 In accordance with the Japan Gas Association (hereinafter referred to as liquefaction guidelines), the stress-strain relationship of piping was modeled. The nominal stress-nominal strain curve was a standard minimum model, the strain corresponding to the standard minimum yield stress σy was 0.5%, and the strain corresponding to the standard minimum tensile strength σt was 5%.
Based on the liquefaction guideline, the limit bending angle indicating the limit at which the contained material does not leak from the straight pipe was set as a value calculated by the equation (1).

However, D is the outer diameter of the pipe (0.508m), the _{t s} thickness of the pipe (11.9 mm), is epsilon _f 0.35, k was set to 3.2. At this time, ω _sc becomes 36.15 °. That is, in this example, it is determined that the straight pipe is leaked when ω _sc exceeds 36.15 °.
On the other hand, the in-limit bending angle representing the limit at which the contained material does not leak from the bent pipe is the value calculated by the formula (2) based on the liquefaction guideline, and the out-of-limit bending angle is calculated by the formulas (3) and (4). The calculated value was used.
The in-limit bending angle is a limit angle when the bent tube is bent on the surface where the bent tube is bent. The out-of-limit bending angle is a limit angle when the bent pipe is bent outside the plane where the bent pipe is bent.

Here, D is the outer diameter of the curved pipe, t _b is the thickness of the curved pipe, φ is the curved pipe angle, R _C is the radius of curvature, and η is 0.88.
The values of ω _sc , ω _bsc , and ω _boc in this example are shown in the table below. In this analysis model, a central angle alpha ₁ is 45 ° bent-tube, curved pipe is bent on a plane that is essentially bent is bent pipe. From the table, the in-limit bending angle ω _bsc corresponding to 45 ° can be read as 45.49 °. That is, it is determined that the bent tube that has already been bent at the central angle of 45 ° is leaked when the central angle exceeds (45 + 45.49) ° or becomes smaller than (45−45.49) °.

A pair of ground springs K _V acting in the vertical direction, a ground spring K _H acting in the horizontal direction, and a ground spring K _C acting in the direction along the central axis of the pipe are attached to the beam element M ₁ shown in FIG. . The ends of the local plate springs K _V , K _H , K _C opposite to the side attached to the beam element M ₁ are attached to the restraining element B.
In shell element M ₂ shown in FIG. 8, the upper portion of the pipe to ground springs K _C, mounted on a total of four places of the bottom, and side portions. Install the ground spring K _V in two places on both sides, fitted with ground spring K _H top, the bottom of a total of two locations.
The boundary condition for moving the moving layer is expressed as the constraint element B moving in the moving direction of the moving layer.

The stress distribution of the analysis result is shown in FIGS. The unit of stress is N / mm ² . The shape of the white pipe is the shape of the pipe 10 and the overpass 20 before the active fault 205 moves in the crust. The shape shown in gray shades is the pipe 10 and the overpass 20 after the active fault 205 moves in the crust. It is the shape. Note that a line E indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 10 is not a tomographic plane itself but an imaginary line drawn in parallel with the tomographic plane so that the direction of the tomographic plane can be understood.
It can be seen that the deformation of the piping 10 is suppressed by the deformation of the overhang 20 that is more easily deformed than the piping 10 compared to the piping 10.

  From this analysis result and the equations (2) to (4), even if the moving layer 207 moves, the pipe 10 and the overhang 20 do not exceed the limit bending angle, and the contents do not leak from the pipe 10 and the overhang 20. I understood.

Without changing the shape and size of the overhang 20, an analysis model is created in which only the overhaul distance L ₅ is changed to 100 m, 80 m, etc., and a simulation is performed in the same manner. As a result, for example, when the saphenous over a distance L ₅ exceeds 100m is the axial force of the pipe 10 to be described later by facedown over 20 was found not to be reduced. That is, even if the piping 10 is provided with the overhang 20, the contents leak from the piping 10. Then, when the saphenous over a distance L ₅ below 100m is the axial force of the pipe 10 it has been found to be reduced by Fushimi over 20.
In this case, the reference distance for the shape, size, etc. of the overturn 20 is set to 100 m. Thus, the reference distance is set in advance.
The size of the overturn was simulated by changing the size, shape, material, and the number of overturned layers depending on the difference between the moving layer and the stationary layer, the number of overturned layers, etc. It is preferable to obtain in advance a database of reference distances, which are reference distances when, for example, changes. By doing in this way, when performing step S1 later, it becomes unnecessary to perform a simulation again.
Step S1 is complete | finished above and it transfers to step S3.

Next, in step S3, it is determined whether or not the position of the tomographic plane 208 is accurately known. If YES is determined in step S3, the process proceeds to step S5. On the other hand, when it is determined No in step S3, the process proceeds to step S41 (see FIG. 5).
In this example, since the position of the tomographic plane 208 is accurately known, it is determined Yes in step S3, and the process proceeds to step S5.
Next, in step S <b> 5, it is determined whether or not the number of the underlay 20 is one. If it is determined Yes in step S5, the process proceeds to step S7. On the other hand, if it is determined No in step S5, the process proceeds to step S31.
In this example, since the number of the overhangs 20 is one, it is determined Yes in step S5, and the process proceeds to step S7.

Next, in step S <b> 7, it is determined whether or not the underlay 20 is provided in the moving layer 207. If it is determined Yes in step S7, the process proceeds to step S9. On the other hand, when it is determined No in step S7, the process proceeds to step S15.
In this example, since the underlay 20 is provided in the moving layer 207, it is determined Yes in step S7, and the process proceeds to step S9.
Next, in step S9, it is determined whether the saphenous over a distance L ₅ exceeds the reference distance. If it is determined YES in step S9, the process proceeds to step S11. On the other hand, when it is determined No in step S9, the process proceeds to step S13.
In this example, Fushimi over a distance L ₅ exceeds the reference distance, that is, facedown over distance 120m for example, an excess of reference distance is 100 m. For this reason, it determines with Yes by step S9, and transfers to step S11.

Next, a fault countermeasure unit setting process is performed in step S11. In this case, Fushimi over 20 with respect to the reference point P ₃ as shown in FIG. 1 is disposed in a position relatively far. Wiping over distance which L ₅ exceeds the reference distance, is considered potentially contained goods from facedown over 20 at the time of crustal movement is leaked is relatively low.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, it is determined that the fault countermeasure unit 30 is provided in the pipe 10 between the reference point P ₃ and the overpass 20. That is, the fault countermeasure unit 30 is provided in the pipe 10 disposed in the moving layer 207. The active fault countermeasure pipe 1 is constituted by the pipe 10, the overpass 20 and the fault countermeasure section 30.
The fault countermeasure unit distance L ₇ , which is the distance along the extending direction D between the reference point P ₃ and the center of the fault countermeasure unit 30, is determined to be a desired value, for example, not less than half the reference distance and not more than the reference distance.

The shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 is determined to be the same U type as the shape of the overturn 20. And determine the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure to a predetermined value, the simulation described above. In the simulation analysis model, the elements of the fault countermeasure unit 30 are formed and the elements of the overhang 20 are not formed. If the contents are not leaked during the crust movement with the fault countermeasure part 30 provided in the pipe 10, the contents are not leaked during the crust movement in the pipe 10 provided not only with the fault countermeasure part 30 but also the overhang 20 Because it is clear.
In addition, since the shape of the overturn 20 and the shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 are the same, the element of the overlay 20 can be regarded as the element of the fault countermeasure unit 30 in the analysis model, and the simulation can be performed efficiently.
When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 1 it does not leak, sizing L ₃ of the current fault countermeasure to the magnitude of the fault countermeasure section 30 finally design.

In the fault countermeasure section setting step S11, the position, shape, and size of the overturn 20 are not changed. In the following embodiments, it is assumed that the shape of the overturning and fault countermeasure unit is the U type, and the position and shape of the overturning and fault countermeasure unit once provided are not changed.
When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 1 is leaked, and increasing the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure again performed a simulation described above. Active from the tomographic measures pipe 1 until accommodated object is seen that no leakage is repeated to perform the the simulation of increasing the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure. When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 1 it does not leak determines the magnitude of the fault countermeasure 30 to design the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure at the time finally. It is preferable to determine the fault countermeasure unit 30 having the smallest size within a range where the contents do not leak.
Then, the fault countermeasure unit setting step S11 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

Here, the behavior of the fault countermeasure unit 30 will be described with reference to FIG. 12 in which the active fault countermeasure pipe 1 is modeled. Since the overpass distance exceeds the reference distance, the behavior of the overpass 20 can be ignored.
The pipe 10 is fixed to the restraining element B in the stationary layer 206. The fault countermeasure unit 30 is represented as a spring element. Transfer layer 207 that moves along the tomographic plane 208, the force F ₁ acts on the pipe 10 disposed in the moving bed 207. This force F ₁ is decomposed into a component force F ₂ that is a component parallel to the central axis C ₀ of the pipe 10 and a component force F ₃ that is a component parallel to the radial direction of the pipe 10.
Axial force to the pipe 10 by the component force F ₂ (force acting on the pipe 10 in the direction along the central axis C ₁ of the pipe 10) acts. That is, the axial force is input to the portion of the transfer layer 207 side of the pipe 10 by the component force F _2. If this axial force is too large, the pipe 10 will buckle.
When the moving layer 207 is moved to the position _{P 5,} an active fault protection pipe 1 moves to the position _{P 6.} The component forces _{F 3,} bending moment to the pipe 10 acts.

By providing the fault countermeasure unit 30 in a portion of the pipe 10 disposed in the moving layer 207, the spring element is compressed when the moving layer 207 moves. In this way, the axial force is absorbed (reduced) by the fault countermeasure unit 30. An axial force acts on the pipe 10 closer to the stationary layer 206 than the part where the fault countermeasure unit 30 is provided, that is, the part of the pipe 10 that intersects the fault plane 208 and the part disposed in the stationary layer 206. It becomes difficult.
By providing the fault countermeasure unit 30 that absorbs the axial force in the moving layer 207, not only the axial force acting on the pipe 10 provided in the moving layer 207 is absorbed, but also the pipe provided in the stationary layer 206. The axial force acting on 10 is also absorbed.

In step S13, an overturn adjustment process is performed. In this case, not more than facedown over distances which L ₅ reference distance as shown in FIG. 13, Fushimi over 20 are arranged relatively close to the reference point P _3. When Fushimi over a distance L ₅ is a reference distance or less, is considered a possibility that contained goods from facedown over 20 at the time of crustal movement is leaked is relatively high.
In Fushimi over adjusting step S13, specifically, to adjust the Fushimi over size L _2, more specifically decide to a facedown over size L ₂ equal to or greater. At this time, the position and shape of the overturn 20 are not changed (the position and shape are maintained).
In current Fushimi over the size L ₂ to simulate the foregoing, contained goods during crustal movement determines whether the leakage from the pipe 10 and the Fushimi over 20. When found to contained object during crustal movement is not leaked, deciding on the size of the saphenous over 20 to finally design current of facedown over the size L _2.
When it found to contained object during crustal movement is leaked, increasing the facedown over the size L ₂ as shown in FIG. 14, again the simulation described above. It should be noted that increasing the undercover size L ₂ increases the distance between the underlay 20 and the embedded object 218, and therefore interference between the undercover 20 and the embedded object 218 is less likely to be a problem.

Until it is understood that the contents are not leaked from the pipe 10 and the overpass 20, the increase in the oversize L ₂ and the simulation are repeated. When it is found that the contents are not leaked from the pipe 10 and the overlay 20, the overburden size L ₂ at that time is determined as the final design of the overhang 20. It is preferable to determine the underlay 20 having the minimum size within a range where the contents do not leak.
An active fault countermeasure pipe 1 </ b> A is configured by the overlay 20 and the pipe 10 at this time.
Then, the overturn adjustment step S13 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

In addition, in the manufacturing method (henceforth abbreviated as a manufacturing method only) of the active fault countermeasure piping 1 of this embodiment which manufactures the active fault countermeasure piping 1 shown in FIG. Any known method described can be used.
A straight pipe is cut into an appropriate length from a long pipe by a cutting machine. Central angle alpha ₁ prepared in advance are fixed by welding straight to bend the 45 °, to produce a facedown over 20 and the tomographic countermeasure 30. The overpass 20 and the fault countermeasure part 30 are fixed to the pipe 10 by welding, and the active fault countermeasure pipe 1 is manufactured.

As described above, according to the design method of this embodiment, housing from but possibly contained goods from facedown over 20 during the relatively long saphenous over distance L ₅ crustal movement is leaked is relatively low pipe 10 There is a high possibility of leakage. For this reason, the fault countermeasure part 30 is provided in the piping 10 as a countermeasure against leakage of the contents. On the other hand, to adjust for potentially contained goods from facedown over 20 during the relatively short saphenous over a distance L ₅ crustal movement is leaked is relatively high, the Fushimi over as leakage countermeasures of contained object size L ₂ , the Fushimi over size L ₂ equal to or greater.
Thus, it is possible to reduce the number of simulations required to check for leakage countermeasures of contained object is uniquely determined based on the facedown over a distance L _5, what is the leakage countermeasures for accommodating product is suitable it can. Therefore, the active fault countermeasure pipes 1 and 1A can be efficiently designed by reducing the number of times of simulation.

Based on the magnitude relation between the saphenous over a distance L ₅ with a preset reference distance, decide whether to adjust the size L ₂ if facedown over providing the fault countermeasure 30 to the pipe 10. Since the leakage countermeasures of contained object is uniquely determined based on the facedown over a distance L _5, what is suitable as leakage countermeasures of contained object becomes clearer.
In particular, when a database of reference distances is obtained in advance, the number of simulations necessary for confirming leakage of stored items can be further reduced.
Moreover, according to the manufacturing method of this embodiment, the active fault countermeasure piping 1 and 1A which can be designed efficiently can be manufactured.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 18, but the same parts as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and only differences will be described. explain.
In this design method, as shown in FIG. 15, one underlay 20 is provided in the pipe 10, and the overturn 20 is provided in the stationary layer 206.

Next, a design method for the pipe 10 and the overhang 20 configured as described above will be described.
In this case, it is assumed that the reference distance is set to 30 m in step S1. In the present design method, the underlay 20 is provided in the stationary layer 206. Therefore, in this example, it is determined No in step S7, and the process proceeds to step S15.
Next, in step S15, Fushimi over a distance L ₅ in the same manner as step S9, it is determined whether or not more than the reference distance. If it is determined YES in step S15, the process proceeds to step S17. On the other hand, if it is determined No in step S15, the process proceeds to step S19.
In this example, more than Fushimi over distances which L ₅ reference distance, i.e. for example, saphenous over a distance L ₅ is 50m, and exceeds the reference distance is 30 m. For this reason, it determines with Yes at step S15, and transfers to step S17.

Next, a fault countermeasure unit setting step is performed in step S17. In this case, Fushimi over a distance L ₅ beyond the reference distance, is Fushimi over 20 with respect to the reference point P ₃ as shown in FIG. 15 are arranged in a position relatively far.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16, a fault countermeasure unit 30 is provided in the pipe 10 between the reference point P ₃ and the overpass 20, and a fault countermeasure unit 30 A is further provided in the pipe 10 in the moving layer 207. Decide. That is, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasures 30 and 30A in the pipe 10 so as to sandwich the fault plane 208. The size _{L 3} of the fault countermeasure fault countermeasure 30,30A determined equal to each other. The shapes of the pair of fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A are determined to be the same.
The active fault countermeasure pipe 1B is configured by the pipe 10, the overpass 20 and the pair of fault countermeasure sections 30 and 30A.
In the fault countermeasure section setting step S17, it is preferably determined such that the distance L ₉ along the extending direction D between the centers of the tomographic countermeasure 30,30A becomes less than the reference distance. The distance _L 10 along the extending direction D between the center and the reference point _{P 3} of the respective fault countermeasure 30, _{30A, L 11,} but it is preferably determined to be equal to each other.

The shapes of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A are determined to be the same U type. And determine the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure to a predetermined value, the simulation described above. In the simulation analysis model, the elements of the fault countermeasures 30 and 30A are formed without forming the elements of the overturn 20. If the contents are not leaked during the crust movement with the fault countermeasure section 30 provided in the pipe 10, the contents are leaked during the crust movement while the pipe 10 is provided with not only the pair of fault countermeasure sections 30 but also the overhang 20. This is because it is clear.
An analysis model is created as described above and a simulation is performed. When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 1B is not compromised, determine the size L ₃ of the current fault countermeasure to the magnitude of the fault countermeasure section 30 finally design.

In the fault countermeasure section setting step S17, the position, shape, and size of the overpass 20 are not changed.
When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 1B is leaked, increased respectively while maintaining a mutually equal condition the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure fault countermeasure 30, 30A, again the simulation described above. At this time, the positions and shapes of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A are not changed. Active from the tomographic measures pipe 1B to the contained object is seen that no leakage, repeated to perform the simulation and to increase the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure fault countermeasure 30, 30A. When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 1B does not leak determines the magnitude of the fault countermeasure 30,30A designing the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure at the time finally. That is, the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A having the minimum size are determined within a range where the contents do not leak.
Then, the fault countermeasure unit setting step S17 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

In step S19, an overturn adjustment process is performed. In this case, not more than facedown over distances which L ₅ reference distance as shown in FIG. 17, Fushimi over 20 are arranged relatively close to the reference point P _3.
In Fushimi over adjustment step S19, More specifically, as shown in FIG. 18, it decides to the Fushimi over the size L ₂ of the saphenous over 20 equal to or greater. Decided to provide a fault countermeasure 30 to the pipe 10 in the moving bed 207, determines equal the size L ₂ of the saphenous over the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure. At this time, the shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 is determined to be the same as the shape of the overlay 20 while maintaining the shape of the overturn 20.
From the storage material piping 10 when wiping over the size L _2, and Fushimi over the size L ₂ and fault countermeasure size L ₃ and as a equal active fault 205 of Fushimi over 20 moves during tectonic The size of the overhang 20 and the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30 are determined so as to be equal to the longer one of the size L ₁₃ (not shown) of the fault countermeasure unit not leaking.
An active fault countermeasure pipe 1 </ b> C is configured by the pipe 10, the overpass 20, and the fault countermeasure section 30.
In Fushimi over adjustment step S19, the distance L ₁₄ along the extending direction D between a center of a fault countermeasure section 30 of the saphenous over 20, it is preferably determined such that the reference distance or less.

Size L ₁₃ fault countermeasure unit performs simulation described above, contained object is determined to be the minimum size to the extent that they do not leak. Then, the longer one of the overpass size L ₂ and the fault countermeasure unit size L ₁₃ is determined as the size of the overpass 20 and the fault countermeasure unit 30 to be finally designed.
That is, the size L ₂ is facedown over long size L ₁₃ or more fault countermeasure, without changing the size of the saphenous over 20 in saphenous over adjustment step S19. On the other hand, when the size L ₁₃ fault countermeasure exceeds Fushimi over size L _2, increasing the size and magnitude of the fault countermeasure section 30 of the saphenous over 20 to finally design.
Thus facedown over the size L ₂ by equal or greater, becomes less likely to interfere further problem with buried objects 218 and Fushimi over 20.
Then, the overturn adjustment step S19 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

As described above, according to the design method of this embodiment, when the saphenous over 20 is provided in the stationary layer 206, an active fault protection pipe 1B, 1C of the saphenous over distance L ₅ and the reference distance It is possible to design efficiently based on the magnitude relationship.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 19 to FIG. 21, but the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. explain.
In this design method, as shown in FIG. 19A, the piping 10 is provided with four underlays 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D (hereinafter abbreviated as underlays 20A to 20D). The underlay 20A and the overturn (first overturn) 20B are provided in the stationary layer 206. The underlay (second overturn) 20 </ b> C and the overturn 20 </ b> D are provided in the moving layer 207. These underlays 20A to 20D are arranged in the order of the overturns 20A to 20D from the stationary layer 206 toward the moving layer 207.

The shape of the overhangs 20A to 20D is a U type, and there are some of the overhangs 20A to 20D with different sizes of the overlays. For example, the size L ₁₉ of the overhang 20C is larger than the size L ₁₈ of the overhang 20B. The underlay 20B and the overturn 20C are provided with the fault plane 208 sandwiched therebetween and without any other overlay between the overpass 20B and the overpass 20C in the pipe 10.
In the present embodiment, to represent the position of the saphenous over along the extending direction D relative to the reference point P _3, the distance along the extending direction D between the center of bend down over 20C and the center of the saphenous over 20B facedown It is used come distance _{L 16.}

Next, the design method about the piping 10 comprised as mentioned above and the overpass 20A-20D is demonstrated.
In the following design method, the position, shape, and size of the underlay are not changed for the underlays 20A and 20D other than the overturns 20B and 20C arranged so as to sandwich the tomographic plane 208. In the simulation analysis model described later, elements of the overlays 20B and 20C are formed, and elements of the overturns 20A and 20D are not formed. If the containment does not leak during crust movement with the overhang 20B, 20C provided in the pipe 10, the overload contained during the crust movement with the overhang 20A, 20D as well as the overhang 20B, 20C in the pipe 10 Because it is clear that does not leak.

In this case, in step S1, the shapes of the overlays 20B and 20C are made the same, and the sizes of the overturns are made equal. In this condition, the simulation described above by changing the saphenous over distance L _16. As a result, for example, it is assumed that the axial force of the pipe 10 is not reduced by the overhang 20 when the underpass distance L ₁₆ exceeds 30 m. That is, even if the piping 10 is provided with the overhangs 20 </ b> B and 20 </ b> C, the contents leak from the piping 10. Then, when Fushimi over distance _{L 16} is 30m or less, and Fushimi over 20B, the axial force of the pipe 10 by 20C were found to be reduced.
In this case, the reference distance for the shape and size of the overturns 20B and 20C is set to 30 m. Thus, the reference distance is set in advance.
In this design method, four underlays 20 </ b> A to 20 </ b> D are provided in the pipe 10. Therefore, in this example, it is determined No in step S5, and the process proceeds to step S31.

Next, in step S31, Fushimi over distance L ₁₆ determines whether less than the reference distance. If it is determined Yes in step S31, the process proceeds to step S33. On the other hand, when it is determined No in step S31, the process proceeds to step S35.
In this example, it is less than the reference is facedown over distance L ₁₆ distance, i.e. for example, saphenous over distance L ₁₆ is 20 m, and less than the reference distance is 30 m. For this reason, it determines with Yes by step S31, and transfers to step S33.

Next, in step S33, an overturn adjustment process is performed. In this case, Fushimi over distance L ₁₆ as shown in FIG. 19 (A) is less than the reference distance, is relatively short saphenous over distance L _16.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 19 (B), determines the Fushimi over size _{L 19} of Fushimi over size _{L 18} and Fushimi over 20C of Fushimi over 20B mutually equal. The positions where the underlays 20B and 20C are provided on the pipe 10 are not changed, and it is determined that the shape of the overturn 20B and the shape of the overturn 20C are maintained.
The active fault 205 is crusted because the overburden size L _{18 of} the overburden 20B, the overburden size L ₁₉ of the overburden 20C, and the overburden size L ₁₈ and the overburden size L ₁₉ are equal. the size of the saphenous over the contained object does not leak from the pipe 10 when moved during exercise L _20, to equal the longest size of, come of Fushimi over size L ₁₈ and Fushimi over 20C of bend down over 20B The size L ₁₉ is determined.
The active fault countermeasure piping 1D is configured by the piping 10 and the overpasses 20B and 20C.

Fushimi over size L ₂₀ is obtained by performing a simulation described above. Then, the longest size among the oversize L ₁₈ , the oversize L ₁₉ , and the oversize L ₂₀ is set to the size of the underlay 20B and the overthrow 20C to be finally designed. Decide on the size.
By setting the overburden size L ₁₈ of the overburden 20B and the overburden size L ₁₉ of the overburden 20C equal to each other, when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement, Concentration of deformation on one side is suppressed.
In the overturn adjustment step S33, the positions, shapes, and sizes of the overhangs 20A and 20D are not changed.
Ending adjustment process S33 is complete | finished and all the processes of this design method are complete | finished.

In step S35, a fault countermeasure unit setting process is performed. In this case, as shown in FIG. 20, the inter-overlay distance L ₁₆ is equal to or greater than the reference distance, and the inter-overlay distance L ₁₆ is relatively long. At this time, the reference point P ₃ and facedown over 20B distance L ₂₃ in which the reference point P ₃ than the distance L ₂₂ along the extending direction D between the center along the extending direction D and the center of Fushimi over 20C of Suppose it is longer.
In the fault countermeasure section setting step S35, as shown in FIG. 21, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasure section 30 in the piping 10 between the overpass 20B and the overpass 20C and on the overpass 20C side from the fault plane 208. . That is, the fault plane 208 is sandwiched between the overpass 20B and the fault countermeasure unit 30. While maintaining the shape of the overturn 20B, the shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 is determined to be the same as the shape of the overturn 20B.
Containment when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement, assuming that the size L ₁₈ of the overpass 20B and the size L _{18 of} the overturn 20B are equal to the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure section as but the size L ₂₅ of Fushimi over 20B and the tomographic countermeasure 30 is not leaked from the pipe 10 _becomes equal to the longer of the magnitude of, the Fushimi over the saphenous over 20B size L _18, and the fault countermeasure 30 determine the fault countermeasures size L _3, respectively.
The active fault countermeasure pipe 1E is configured by the pipe 10, the overpass 20B, and the fault countermeasure section 30.

The size L ₂₅ of the overpass 20B and the fault countermeasure unit 30 is obtained by performing the above-described simulation. Then, the longer one of the size L _{18 of} the overpass and the size L ₂₅ of the overpass 20B and the fault countermeasure unit 30 is set to the size of the overpass 20B and the fault countermeasure unit 30 to be finally designed. Decide on the size.
By determining the overlying size L ₁₈ of the overturn 20B and the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure portion of the fault countermeasure portion 30 to be equal to each other, when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement, the overpass 20B and the fault countermeasure portion Concentration of deformation on one side of 30 is suppressed.
In the fault countermeasure unit setting step S35, the position, shape, and size of the overpass 20C are not changed.

Note that when longer direction of the distance _{L 22} of Fushimi over 20B than the distance _{L 23} of bend down over 20C is the Fushimi over 20B side of the pipe 10 than the tomographic plane 208 be between facedown over 20C and bend down over 20B Therefore, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasure unit 30. That is, the fault plane 208 is sandwiched between the overpass 20C and the fault countermeasure unit 30.
When the distance _{L 22} of Fushimi over 20B and the distance _{L 23} of Fushimi over 20C are equal, the fault countermeasure section 30 may be provided anywhere as long as the pipe 10 between the saphenous over 20C and Fushimi over 20B. However, the distance between the centers of the overlays 20B and 20C and the center of the fault countermeasure unit 30 adjacent to the extending direction D is set to a reference distance or less.
Then, the fault countermeasure unit setting step S35 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

As described above, according to the design method of this embodiment, even if the fault plane 208 is sandwiched Fushimi over 20B, by 20C, active on the basis of the magnitude relation between the saphenous over distance L ₁₆ and the reference distance Fault countermeasure piping 1D, 1E can be designed efficiently. By determining the overburden size L ₁₈ of the overburden 20B and the overburden size L ₁₉ of the overburden 20C to be equal to each other, one of the overburdens 20B and 20C is deformed during the crustal movement of the active fault 205. Concentration can be suppressed.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23. The same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the above-described embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted, and only differences will be described. explain.
In this design method, the position of the tomographic plane 208 is not accurately known. In other words, that the position of the fault plane 208 as shown in FIG. 22 (A) is either the tomographic estimation range 210 defined by a predetermined range in the extending direction D on a section along a reference plane T ₀ I know.
The fault estimation range mentioned here is the result of investigating the location of the fault surface of the active fault in the ground by conducting a trench survey etc. based on geology, but the exact location of the fault surface is not known. It means the minimum range of the range that can be said to be 100% certain within the fault estimation range, or a range that includes a range that provides a margin on both sides of the width of the minimum range.
In the present invention, the essence of the invention of the present design method does not change even if the number of provision of fault countermeasures is increased in the piping even if the range for providing a margin increases.
If multiple geological companies investigate the fault estimation range, and the fault estimation range indicated by one company is different from the fault estimation range indicated by the other company, the fault including both fault estimation ranges is estimated Adopt as a range. In this way, the fault plane is set so as to surely exist within the fault estimation range.

Fault estimation range 210 in this example is formed in a band shape which intersects the ground surface 201 in section along the reference plane T _0. Half of the length of the extending direction D tomographic estimation range 210 is fault estimation accuracy L _31. In this example, a ± 25 m tomographic estimation accuracy _{L 31.}
In this design method, as shown in FIG. 22 (A), one underlay 20 is provided in the pipe 10 disposed outside the fault estimation range 210 and disposed in the moving layer 207.
In the present embodiment, the intersection point between the end of the fault estimation range 210 on the side of the moving layer 207 and the stationary layer 206 where the underlay 20 is provided and the central axis C ₀ of the pipe 10 is defined as a reference point P ₈ . Because the present embodiment bend down over 20 is provided within the moving layer 207, the intersection of the center axis C ₀ of the moving layer 207 side end 210a and the pipe 10 of the tomographic estimation range 210 is the reference point P _8. The overpass distance L ₃₂ is a distance along the extending direction D between the reference point P ₈ and the center of the overturn 20.
In the present embodiment, the overpass distance L ₃₂ is used to represent the position of the overturn 20 along the extending direction D.

Next, a design method for the pipe 10 and the overhang 20 configured as described above will be described.
In this case, in step S1, and the like without changing the shape and size of Fushimi over 20, to create an analysis model obtained by changing only facedown over distance L _32, the simulation as described above. As a result, for example, it is assumed that the axial force of the pipe 10 is not reduced by the overhang 20 when the overburden distance L ₃₂ exceeds 100 m. That is, even if the piping 10 is provided with the overhang 20, the contents leak from the piping 10. In other words, it is any position of the tomographic plane 208 within the fault estimation range 210, when the saphenous over distance L ₃₂ is more than 100m is a contained object from the pipe 10 has been found to leak.
Then, it is assumed that the axial force of the pipe 10 is reduced by the overhang 20 when the overburden distance L ₃₂ is 100 m or less. That is, the position of the slice plane 208 If it is either the tomographic estimation range 210, when Fushimi over distance L ₃₂ is less than 100m is that found that leakage is contained goods from Fushimi over 20.
In this case, the reference distance for the shape, size, etc. of the overturn 20 is set to 100 m.

In this design method, the position of the tomographic plane 208 is not accurately known. Therefore, in this example, it is determined No in step S3, and the process proceeds to step S41 (see FIG. 5).
Next, in step S <b> 41, it is determined whether or not the undercover 20 is disposed outside the fault estimation range 210. If YES is determined in step S41, the process proceeds to step S43. On the other hand, when it is determined No in step S41, the process proceeds to step S61.
In this example, since the overburden 20 is disposed outside the fault estimation range 210, it is determined Yes in step S41, and the process proceeds to step S43.

Next, in step S <b> 43, it is determined whether or not the underlay 20 is provided in the moving layer 207. If it is determined Yes in step S43, the process proceeds to step S45. On the other hand, when it is determined No in step S43, the process proceeds to step S51.
In this example, since the underlay 20 is provided in the moving layer 207, it is determined Yes in step S43, and the process proceeds to step S45.
Next, in step S45, it is determined whether saphenous over distance L ₃₂ is greater than the reference distance. If it is determined Yes in step S45, the process proceeds to step S47. On the other hand, if it is determined No in step S45, the process proceeds to step S49.
In this example, it is assumed that the overturning distance L ₃₂ exceeds the reference distance, that is, for example, the overturning distance L ₃₂ is 120 m and exceeds the reference distance of 100 m. For this reason, it determines with Yes by step S45, and transfers to step S47.

Next, a fault countermeasure unit setting step is performed in step S47. In this case, Fushimi over 20 relative to the reference point P ₈ as shown in FIG. 22 (A) is disposed in a position relatively far.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 22 (B), it decides to provide a fault countermeasure 30 to the piping 10 between the reference point P ₈ and Fushimi over 20. The fault countermeasure unit 30 is provided in the pipe 10 arranged outside the fault estimation range 210 and in the moving layer 207. The active fault countermeasure pipe 2 is constituted by the pipe 10, the overpass 20 and the fault countermeasure section 30.
Since the subsequent steps are the same as the fault countermeasure unit setting step S11, the description thereof is omitted.
Then, the fault countermeasure unit setting step S47 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

In step S49, an overturn adjustment process is performed. In this case, not more than facedown over distance L ₃₂ is the reference distance, as shown in FIG. 23 (A), Fushimi over 20 relative to the reference point P ₈ are arranged relatively close.
Specifically, adjusting the Fushimi over size L ₂ as shown in FIG. 23 (B), more specifically decide that the Fushimi over size L ₂ equal to or greater.
Since the subsequent steps are the same as the overturn adjustment step S13, the description thereof is omitted.
An active fault countermeasure pipe 2 </ b> A is configured by the overlay 20 and the pipe 10 at this time.
Then, the overturn adjustment step S49 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

As described above, according to the design method of this embodiment, the position where the overlay 20 is disposed with respect to the fault estimation range 210, that is, the overlay 20 is disposed in either the stationary layer 206 or the moving layer 207. And the measures against leakage of the contents are uniquely determined based on the distance between the fault estimation range 210 and the position of the overpass 20. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the number of simulations necessary to confirm what is suitable as a countermeasure against leakage of the contents. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently design the active fault countermeasure pipes 2 and 2A by reducing the number of times of simulation.
Since uniquely determined is leakage countermeasures of contained object based on the facedown over distance L _32, what is suitable as leakage countermeasures of contained object becomes clearer.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25. However, the same parts as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and only differences will be described. explain.
In this design method, as shown in FIG. 24A, one underlay 20 is provided in the pipe 10, and the overturn 20 is provided in the stationary layer 206.
In the present embodiment, the reference point P ₈ is an intersection point between the end 210 b on the stationary layer 206 side of the fault estimation range 210 and the central axis C ₀ of the pipe 10.

Next, a design method for the pipe 10 and the overhang 20 configured as described above will be described.
In this case, it is assumed that the reference distance is set to 30 m in step S1. In the present design method, the underlay 20 is provided in the stationary layer 206. Therefore, in this example, it is determined No in step S43, and the process proceeds to step S51.
Next, in step S51, it is determined whether saphenous over distance L ₃₂ is greater than the reference distance. If it is determined Yes in step S51, the process proceeds to step S53. On the other hand, if it is determined No in step S51, the process proceeds to step S55.
In this example, it is assumed that the overturning distance L ₃₂ exceeds the reference distance, that is, for example, the overturning distance L ₃₂ is 50 m and exceeds the reference distance of 30 m. For this reason, it determines with Yes by step S51, and transfers to step S53.

Next, a fault countermeasure unit setting process is performed in step S53. In this case, Fushimi over the distance L ₃₂ is greater than the reference distance, is Fushimi over 20 relative to the reference point P ₈ as shown in FIG. 24 (A) is disposed in a position relatively far.
Moving Specifically, as shown in FIG. 24 (B), an external pipe 10 and the tomographic estimation range 210, between an external fault estimation range 210 as a reference point P ₈ and bend down over 20 It is determined that the fault countermeasures 30 and 30A are provided in the pipe 10 in the layer 207, respectively.
When the distance between the centers of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A exceeds the reference distance, it is determined that the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C, which are fault countermeasure units, are provided in the pipe 10 between the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A. Then, the distance L ₃₄ between the centers of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C adjacent to the extending direction D is set to be equal to or less than the reference distance.
For example, the distance L ₃₄ between the center of the fault countermeasure unit 30 and the center of the auxiliary fault countermeasure unit 30B is set to a reference distance or less.
In the fault countermeasure unit setting step S53, the position, shape, and size of the overpass 20 are not changed.

When the distance between the centers of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A does not exceed the reference distance, it is not necessary to provide the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C. The three distances L ₃₄ shown in FIG. 24B may be equal to or less than the reference distance and may not be equal to each other.
The shapes of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A and the shapes of the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C are determined to be the same U type. Fault countermeasure 30,30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, 30C define equal size _{L 3} of the fault countermeasure of.
The active fault countermeasure pipe 2B is configured by the pipe 10, the overpass 20, the fault countermeasure sections 30, 30A, and the auxiliary fault countermeasure sections 30B, 30C.
Fault countermeasure 30,30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, 30C shape with a determined equal to each other, and the size _{L 3} of the fault countermeasure by determining equal, the fault countermeasure 30,30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, Concentration of deformation on one of 30C is suppressed.

And determine the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure to a predetermined value, the simulation described above.
If it turns out that the contents do not leak from the active fault countermeasure piping 2B, the size of the fault countermeasure sections 30, 30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure sections 30B, 30C that finally design the size of the current fault countermeasure section 30 will be described. Decide on the size.

When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 2B is leaked, increased respectively while maintaining fault countermeasure 30,30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, equal to each other state the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure of 30C The above simulation is performed again. At this time, the positions and shapes of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C are not changed. Until it can be seen that contained goods from active fault protection pipe 2B does not leak, it repeats to perform the the simulation to increase the fault countermeasure 30,30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, fault countermeasure of 30C size L ₃ . When found to contained object from active fault protection pipe 2B does not leak, the fault countermeasure 30,30A and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B designing the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure at the time eventually, the size of 30C Decide.
Then, the fault countermeasure unit setting step S53 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

In step S55, an overturn adjustment process is performed. In this case, not more than facedown over distance L ₃₂ is the reference distance, as shown in FIG. 25 (A), Fushimi over 20 relative to the reference point P ₈ are arranged relatively close.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 25 (B), to adjust the saphenous over size L _2, and more specifically, the fault countermeasure to piping 10 in the moving bed 207 an external fault estimation range 210 Decide to provide 30. The overlay 20 and the fault countermeasure unit 30 are arranged so as to sandwich the fault estimation range 210. Determined equal to the longer the shorter of the size L ₃ and bend down over the size L ₂ of the fault countermeasure. In this example, lengthening together the saphenous over size L ₂ in size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure.
When the distance between the center of the overturn 20 and the center of the fault countermeasure unit 30 exceeds the reference distance, it is determined that the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C are provided in the pipe 10 between the overpass 20 and the fault countermeasure unit 30. Then, the center of Fushimi over 20, the center of the tomographic countermeasure 30, and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, the distance L ₃₆ of those adjacent in the extending direction D of the center of 30C to the reference distance or less.

In addition, when the distance between the center of the overturn 20 and the center of the fault countermeasure unit 30 does not exceed the reference distance, it is not necessary to provide the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C. Each of the four distances L ₃₆ shown in FIG. 25B may be equal to or smaller than the reference distance, and may not be equal to each other.
The shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 and the shapes of the auxiliary fault countermeasure units 30 </ b> B and 30 </ b> C are determined to be the same as the shape of the overlay 20 while maintaining the shape of the overlay 20.
Fault protection unit 30 and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, the size _{L 3} of the fault countermeasure of 30C, determined equal to Fushimi over the size _{L 2} of Fushimi over 20.
Fushimi over the size L ₂ of Fushimi over _20, and Fushimi over the size L ₂ and fault protection unit 30 and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B of Fushimi over 20, and the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure of 30C and is equal to The size L ₂ of the overturn 20 so that the active fault 205 is equal to the longer one of the undercover and the fault countermeasure portion size L ₃₈ where the contents do not leak from the pipe 10 during crustal movement. and determining the fault countermeasure section 30 and the auxiliary fault countermeasure 30B, fault countermeasure of 30C size _{L 3,} respectively.
An active fault countermeasure pipe 2C is configured by the pipe 10, the overpass 20B, the fault countermeasure section 30, and the auxiliary fault countermeasure sections 30B and 30C.

The size L ₃₈ of the overturning and fault countermeasure portion is obtained by performing the above-described simulation. Then, the longer one of the size L _{2 of} the overpass and the size L ₃₈ of the overturn and the fault countermeasure unit is determined as the size of the overpass 20 to be designed finally, the fault countermeasure unit 30, and the auxiliary unit. The size of the fault countermeasure units 30B and 30C is determined.
Then, the overturn adjustment step S55 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

As described above, according to the design method of this embodiment, when the saphenous over 20 is provided in the stationary layer 206, an active fault protection based on the magnitude relation between the saphenous over distance L ₃₂ and the reference distance The pipes 2B and 2C can be designed efficiently.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 26, but the same parts as those of the above-described embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, the description thereof will be omitted, and only different points will be described.
In this design method, as shown in FIG. 26A, the overhangs 20 and 20A are arranged in the fault estimation range 210. In this example, the direction of bend down over the 20 Fushimi crossing than the size L ₂ of Fushimi over the saphenous over 20A size L ₂ is large.

Next, a design method for the pipe 10 and the overlays 20 and 20A configured as described above will be described.
In this case, it is assumed that the reference distance is set to 30 m in step S1. In this design method, the overhangs 20 and 20A are provided in the fault estimation range 210. Therefore, in this example, it is determined No in step S41, and the process proceeds to step S61.

Next, a fault countermeasure unit setting step is performed in step S61.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26B, it is decided to provide a pair of fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A in the pipe 10 so as to sandwich the fault estimation range 210. The size _{L 2} of Fushimi crossing Fushimi over 20, 20A, determined as the size _{L 3} of the fault countermeasure fault countermeasure 30,30A are equal to each other. The shape of the fault countermeasures 30 and 30A is determined to be the same as the shape of the overhang 20 and 20A.
Note that, when the distance between the centers of the fault countermeasure units 30 and 30A and the centers of the overlays 20 and 20A adjacent to the extending direction D exceeds the reference distance, the following is performed. That is, it is decided to provide an auxiliary fault countermeasure section as a fault countermeasure section in the pipe 10, and the extending direction among the centers of the fault countermeasure sections 30 and 30A, the centers of the overhang 20 and 20A, and the centers of the auxiliary fault countermeasure sections The distance L ₃₇ between those adjacent to D is set to a reference distance or less.
Each of the three distances L ₃₇ shown in FIG. 26B may be equal to or less than the reference distance, and may not be equal to each other.

The size of the fault countermeasure towards the is Fushimi crossing 20A Fushimi over the size _{L 2,} and Fushimi crossing Fushimi crossing 20,20A size _{L 2} and fault countermeasure 30,30A greater of bend down over 20,20A is L ₃ and is equal to the to the active fault 205 is facedown over and fault countermeasure which is contained goods housed in the pipe 10 when moved during crustal movement without leakage from the pipe 10 size L _40, the longer of the determined to be equal to the size of Fushimi over the saphenous over 20,20A size _{L 2} and the fault countermeasure fault countermeasure 30,30A size _{L 3,} respectively.
An active fault countermeasure pipe 2D is configured by the pipe 10, the overpass 20, 20A, and the fault countermeasure sections 30, 30A.

The size L ₄₀ of the overturning and fault countermeasure portion is obtained by performing the above-described simulation. And, the size of the overpass 20 and 20A to be finally designed and the measure against the fault are determined from the size L ₂ of the overpass 20A and the size L ₄₀ of the overturn and fault countermeasure portion L40. The size of the parts 30 and 30A is determined.
Then, the fault countermeasure unit setting step S61 is finished, and all the processes of the present design method are finished.

As described above, according to the design method of the present embodiment, the active fault countermeasure piping 2D can be efficiently designed.
Furthermore, when it is known that the position of the fault plane 208 is in any one of the fault estimation ranges 210 and the underlays 20 and 20A are arranged in the fault estimation range 210, the overpasses 20 and 20A and the fault countermeasures Concentration of deformation on one of the portions 30 and 30A can be suppressed.
In the present embodiment, the configuration is such that two underlays are arranged in the fault estimation range 210, but the number of overlays arranged in the fault estimation range 210 is not limited, and may be one or three. There may be more than one. For example, when the number of overturns is 1, when the distance between the center of the fault countermeasure unit 30 and the center of the overpass or the distance between the center of the fault countermeasure unit 30A and the center of the overpass exceeds the reference distance, Do the procedure.

(Seventh embodiment)
Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28. The same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the above-described embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted, and only differences will be described. explain.
As shown in FIG. 27, the active fault countermeasure piping 4 of the present embodiment includes the piping 10 embedded in the ground 200 having the active fault 205 and the piping 10 provided in the piping 10 in the stationary layer 206 of the active fault 205. And the fault countermeasure unit 30 provided in the pipe 10 in the moving layer 207 of the active fault 205.

The pipe 10 is formed so as to extend linearly, and is embedded along the ground surface 201 of the ground 200.
The underlay 20 includes a straight pipe 26 that extends along the first adjacent portion 11 adjacent to the overturn 20 in the pipe 10. The shape of the overhang 20 is the above-mentioned U type curved so as to be convex downward. The overpass 20 is for avoiding the embedded object 218 embedded in the ground 200. The depression 20 is buried at a location relatively close to the fault surface 208 of the active fault 205 so that the contents accommodated in the pipe 10 leak from the depression 20 when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement. ing.

The fault countermeasure unit 30 is configured by bending a part of the pipe 10. The fault countermeasure unit 30 includes a straight pipe 36 extending along the second adjacent portion 12 adjacent to the fault countermeasure unit 30 in the pipe 10. The shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 is the same U type as the shape of the overturn 20.
First distance L ₅₁ between the central axis C ₂ of the central axis line C ₁ and the straight pipe 26 of the adjacent portion 11 _{(hereinafter,} referred to as the size of the saphenous over 20), the central axis C ₄ of the second adjacent portion 12 straight distance _{L 52} between the center axis _{C 5} of the tube 36 with (hereinafter, referred to as the magnitude of the fault countermeasure 30), they are equal.
Since the piping 10 is provided with not only the overlay 20 but also the fault countermeasure section 30, the contents are not leaked from the active fault countermeasure piping 4 during crustal movement.

Next, a method for designing the active fault countermeasure piping 4 configured as described above will be described.
The initial piping 10 in this design method is not provided with the fault countermeasure unit 30 as shown in FIG. The size of the underlay 20 is smaller than the size of the overturn 20 shown in FIG. 27 after the present design method is applied. This design method is designed so that the contents accommodated in the pipe 10 do not leak from the pipe 10 when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement.
First, in the fault countermeasure section setting step, it is determined that the fault countermeasure section 30 is provided in the pipe 10 arranged in the moving layer 207 as shown in FIG.
Next, in the size adjustment step, the size of the overlay 20 and the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30 are determined to be equal. At this time, the size of the overlay 20 and the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30 are equal to or larger than the size of the original overhang 20, in other words, larger than the size of the original overhang 20. It is preferable to determine the length. It is preferable to determine the size of the overlay 20 and the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30 by performing the above-described simulation so that the contents do not leak from the pipe 10 during the crustal movement of the active fault 205.
By adjusting the length of the straight pipe 36 of the fault countermeasure unit 30, the magnitude of the axial force absorbed by the fault countermeasure unit 30 can be easily adjusted.
Above, all the processes of this design method are complete | finished.

In the above-mentioned Non-Patent Document 2, a pair of corrugated crests are provided on the steel pipe by increasing the outer diameter of the steel pipe over the entire circumference of the steel pipe. However, the straight pipe portion is not formed in this mountain portion, and there is no concept of the distance between the central axis of the portion adjacent to the mountain portion and the central axis of the straight tube.
On the other hand, according to the active fault countermeasure piping 4 and the design method of the present embodiment, the active fault countermeasure piping 4 includes the depression 20 and the fault countermeasure section 30, and the size of the depression 20 and the magnitude of the fault countermeasure section 30. Is equal. Therefore, it is possible to suppress deformation from being concentrated on one of the overpass 20 and the fault countermeasure unit 30 during the crustal movement of the active fault 205.
Furthermore, since the fault countermeasure unit 30 includes the straight pipe 36 whose length can be adjusted, the magnitude of the axial force absorbed by the fault countermeasure unit 30 can be easily adjusted.

(Eighth embodiment)
Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 29 and FIG. explain.
As shown in FIG. 29, the active fault countermeasure piping 5 of the present embodiment includes the piping 10 embedded in the ground 200 having the active fault 205, and the piping 10 in the stationary layer 206 and the moving layer 207 of the active fault 205. And a fault countermeasure unit 30 provided in the pipe 10 between the overhangs 20 and 20A.

The pipe 10 is formed so as to extend linearly, and is embedded along the ground surface 201 of the ground 200.
The overhang 20, 20 </ b> A includes a straight pipe 26 that extends along the first adjacent portion 11 adjacent to the underlay 20, 20 </ b> A in the pipe 10. The shape of the overhangs 20 and 20A is the aforementioned U type that is curved so as to be convex downward. The overhangs 20 and 20A are for avoiding the embedded object 218 embedded in the ground 200. These undercovers 20 and 20A are relatively close to the fault plane 208 of the active fault 205 to such an extent that the contents accommodated in the pipe 10 leak from the underlay 20 when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement. Buried in the place.
An intersection point between the fault plane 208 of the active fault 205 and the central axis C ₀ of the pipe 10 is defined as a reference point P ₃ . Distance this time, along the extending direction D between the center of the reference point P ₃ and the reference point P ₃ than the distance L ₂₂ along the extending direction D of the pipe 10 and the center of Fushimi over 20 facedown over 20A those of L ₂₃ is long.

The fault countermeasure unit 30 is configured by bending a part of the pipe 10. The fault countermeasure unit 30 includes a straight pipe 36 extending along the second adjacent portion 12 adjacent to the fault countermeasure unit 30 in the pipe 10. The shape of the fault countermeasure unit 30 is the same U type as the shape of the overhangs 20 and 20A.
The size of the overpass 20 is equal to the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30. The size of the overlay 20A is smaller than the size of the overturn 20.
Since the piping 10 is provided with the fault countermeasure unit 30 as well as the overhangs 20 and 20 </ b> A, the contents are not leaked from the active fault countermeasure piping 5 during crustal movement.

Next, a method for designing the active fault countermeasure piping 5 configured as described above will be described.
The initial piping 10 in this design method is not provided with the fault countermeasure unit 30 as shown in FIG. The size of the cover 20 is smaller than the size of the cover 20 shown in FIG. 29 after the present design method is applied. This design method is designed so that the contained material does not leak through the overhang 20 or 20A when the active fault 205 moves during crustal movement.
First, in the fault countermeasure section setting step, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasure section 30 in the pipe 10 between the overpasses 20 and 20A as shown in FIG. Fault protection unit 30, longer of the distance _{L 22} and the distance _{L 23,} i.e. provided to the piping 10 between the saphenous over 20A and the reference point _{P 3.}

Next, in the size adjustment step, the size of the overlay 20 and the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30 are determined to be equal. At this time, the size of the overturn 20A is not changed.
The size of the overlay 20 and the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30 are determined so as to be equal to or larger than the size of the original overturn 20, in other words, to be equal to or larger than the size of the original overturn 20. It is preferable. It is preferable to determine the size of the overpass 20 and the size of the fault countermeasure unit 30 by performing the above-described simulation so that the contents do not leak from the overpass 20 and 20A during the crustal movement of the active fault 205.
Above, all the processes of this design method are complete | finished.

  As described above, according to the active fault countermeasure pipe 5 and the design method of the present embodiment, the active fault countermeasure pipe 5 includes the overlay 20, 20A and the fault countermeasure section 30, and the size of the overhang 20 and the fault countermeasure section. The size of 30 is equal. Therefore, it is possible to suppress deformation from being concentrated on one of the overpass 20 and the fault countermeasure unit 30 during the crustal movement of the active fault 205.

The first to eighth embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and the configuration does not depart from the gist of the present invention. Change, combination, deletion, etc. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the configurations shown in the embodiments can be used in appropriate combinations.
For example, in the eighth embodiment from the first embodiment, the central angle alpha ₁ of the tomographic countermeasure of U type may be 60 ° or the like. The fault countermeasure With this construction, while a constant length in the extending direction D of the pipe 10 in the tomographic countermeasure as compared with when the center angle alpha ₁ is 45 °, the size of the fault countermeasure Can be increased.
In addition to the U type described above, various configurations described below can be appropriately selected and used as the fault countermeasure unit.

The H-type fault countermeasure unit 50 shown in FIG. 31 has curved pipes 51 to 54 and straight pipes 55 to 57, and is curved so as to be convex toward a predetermined direction parallel to the ground surface 201. It is formed into a shape. The fault countermeasure unit 50 and the pipe 10 constitute an active fault countermeasure pipe 6. The fault countermeasure unit 50 is different from the fault countermeasure unit 30 in that the fault countermeasure unit 50 is formed on a plane parallel to the ground surface 201 and the central angle α _{2 of the} curved pipes 51 to 54 is 90 °. That is.
The fault countermeasure section size L ₅₄ of the fault countermeasure section 50 is defined as the distance between the central axis C ₄ of the second adjacent portion 12 of the pipe 10 and the central axis C ₅ of the straight pipe 56.
The fault countermeasure unit 50 is used, for example, when the active fault countermeasure pipe 6 is passed through the occupying site 220 when there is a occupying site 220 adjacent to the road 215.
By forming the fault countermeasure unit 50 on a plane parallel to the ground surface 201, the depth of the hole necessary for embedding the fault countermeasure unit 50 can be reduced.

An L-type fault countermeasure unit 60 shown in FIG. 32 is embedded below the road 226 of the road 225 that is bent in an L shape. The curved pipe 61 constituting the fault countermeasure unit 60 is embedded below the corner portion 226a of the roadway 226. The fault countermeasure unit 60 is formed on a plane parallel to the ground surface 201.
A Z-type fault countermeasure unit 70 shown in FIG. 33 includes curved pipes 71 and 72 and a straight pipe 73. The fault countermeasure unit 70 and the pipe 10 constitute an active fault countermeasure pipe 6A. The central angle α _{3 of the} curved pipes 71 and 72 is 90 °. The fault countermeasure unit 70 is formed on a vertical plane. The size L ₅₆ of the fault countermeasure portion of the fault countermeasure portion 70 is defined as the distance between the central axis C ₄ of the second adjacent portion 12 of the pipe 10 and the central axis C ₄ of the second adjacent portion 12A.
The fault countermeasure unit 70 is preferably used when the active fault countermeasure pipe 6A is passed under a river 230 larger than a buried object such as a cable.

1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 4, 5, 6, 6A Active fault countermeasure piping 11 First adjacent portion 12, 12A Second adjacent portion 20, 20A, 20D Overpass 20B Overpass (first overpass)
20C Overlay (second overpass)
26 Straight pipe (first straight pipe)
30, 30A, 50, 60, 70 Fault countermeasure part 36 Straight pipe (second straight pipe)
200 ground 205 active fault 206 stationary layer 207 moving layer 208 fault plane 210 fault estimation range 210a, 210b end 218 buried object C ₀ , C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₄ center axis D extending direction L ₂ , L ₁₈ , L ₁₉ Fushimi over the size L ₃ of the fault countermeasure size L _{5, L 32} Fushimi over distance L ₁₆ facedown over distance L _{51, L 52} distance P _{3, P 8} reference point T ₀ reference surface

Claims (13)

A pipe which is buried in the ground having an active fault and extends linearly and has an overturn to avoid the buried object buried in the ground, the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement It is a design method of active fault countermeasure piping designed to prevent the contents contained therein from leaking from the piping,
The underlay includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the overturn in the pipe,
Based on the position of the overpass along the extending direction of the pipe with respect to a reference point that is the intersection of the fault plane of the active fault and the central axis of the pipe, the central axis of the first adjacent portion and the cover Decide to adjust the size of the overturn, which is the distance from the central axis of the first straight pipe over, or provide the pipe with a fault countermeasure part configured by bending a part of the pipe An active fault countermeasure piping design method characterized by deciding. There is one overturn,
To represent the position of the overturn along the extending direction with respect to the reference point, using an overturn distance that is a distance along the extending direction between the reference point and the center of the overturn,
When the overturning distance exceeds a preset reference distance, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasure unit in the pipe between the reference point and the overturning,
The method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe according to claim 1, wherein when the overturning distance is equal to or less than the reference distance, it is decided to adjust the size of the overturning. The undercover is provided in the stationary layer of the active fault,
The fault countermeasure section includes a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe,
When the distance between the central axis of the second adjacent portion and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure part is the size of the fault countermeasure part,
When the overburden distance exceeds the reference distance, it is decided to further provide the fault countermeasure part in the pipe in the moving layer of the active fault, and the size of the fault countermeasure part of the pair of fault countermeasure parts is mutually determined. Decide equally,
When the overturning distance is equal to or less than the reference distance, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasure unit in the pipe in the moving layer, and the size of the fault countermeasure unit and the size of the overturn are determined to be equal to each other. An active fault countermeasure piping design method according to claim 2. The first and second overturns that are the overturn are provided so as to sandwich the fault plane,
To represent the position of the overhang along the extending direction with respect to the reference point, the overhang is a distance along the extending direction between the center of the first overhang and the center of the second overhang. Use the distance between
The fault countermeasure section includes a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe,
When the distance between the central axis of the second adjacent portion and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure part is the size of the fault countermeasure part,
When the inter-overlay distance is less than a preset reference distance, the size of the overturn of the first overturn and the size of the overturn of the second overturn are determined to be equal to each other,
The said fault countermeasure part is decided to provide the said piping between said 1st overpass and said 2nd overpass when said inter-overlay distance is more than said reference distance. Design method for active fault countermeasure piping. A pipe which is buried in the ground having an active fault and extends linearly and has an overturn to avoid the buried object buried in the ground, the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement It is a design method of active fault countermeasure piping designed to prevent the contents contained therein from leaking from the piping,
The underlay includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the overturn in the pipe,
The position of the fault plane of the active fault is one of the fault estimation ranges defined in a certain range in the extending direction of the pipe on the cross section of the reference plane that includes the central axis of the pipe and is parallel to the vertical direction. When
Providing the pair of fault countermeasure parts configured by bending a part of the pipe so that the fault estimation range is sandwiched between the pipes when the underlay is arranged in the fault estimation range; Decide
When the underlay is disposed outside the fault estimation range, the central axis of the first adjacent portion and the first straight of the underpass are based on the position of the overturn along the extending direction. A method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, characterized in that it is decided to adjust the size of an overturn, which is a distance from the central axis of the pipe, or to decide to provide the fault countermeasure section in the pipe. One overpass is provided outside the fault estimation range,
The intersection of the end of the fault estimation range on the side where the overlay is provided and the center axis line of the pipe among the moving layer and the stationary layer of the active fault is a reference point,
When using the overturning distance defined as the distance along the extending direction between the reference point and the center of the overturning to represent the position of the overturning along the extending direction,
When the overturning distance exceeds a preset reference distance, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasure unit in the pipe between the reference point and the overturning,
6. The method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe according to claim 5, wherein when the overturning distance is equal to or less than the reference distance, it is decided to adjust the size of the overturning. The undercover is provided in the stationary layer of the active fault,
The fault countermeasure section includes a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe,
When the distance between the central axis of the second adjacent portion and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure part is the size of the fault countermeasure part,
When the overburden distance exceeds the reference distance, it is decided to further provide the fault countermeasure section outside the fault estimation range and in the pipe in the moving layer of the active fault, and a pair of fault countermeasure sections Determine the size of the fault countermeasure part equal to each other,
When the overburden distance is less than or equal to the reference distance, it is decided to provide the fault countermeasure section outside the fault estimation range and in the piping in the moving layer, and the size of the fault countermeasure section and the The method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe according to claim 6, wherein the sizes are determined to be equal to each other. The undercover is arranged within the fault estimation range,
The fault countermeasure section includes a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe,
When the distance between the central axis of the pipe and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure part is the size of the fault countermeasure part,
6. The method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe according to claim 5, wherein the size of the overlay and the pair of fault countermeasure sections are determined to be equal to each other.   A method for manufacturing an active fault countermeasure pipe, wherein the active fault countermeasure pipe designed by the method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is manufactured. A pipe which is buried in the ground having an active fault and extends linearly and has an overturn to avoid the buried object buried in the ground, the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement It is a design method of active fault countermeasure piping designed to prevent the contents contained therein from leaking from the piping,
The undercover includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the undercover in the pipe, and is provided in a stationary layer of the active fault.
In the pipe arranged in the moving layer of the active fault, it is decided to provide a fault countermeasure part including a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent in the pipe,
The distance between the central axis of the first adjacent portion and the central axis of the first straight pipe lying behind, the central axis of the second adjacent portion and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure unit A method of designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, characterized by determining the distance to be equal. A pipe which is buried in the ground having an active fault and extends linearly and has an overturn to avoid the buried object buried in the ground, the pipe when the active fault moves during crustal movement It is a design method of active fault countermeasure piping designed to prevent the contents contained therein from leaking from the piping,
The undercover includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the undercover in the pipe, and is provided in a stationary layer and a moving layer of the active fault, respectively.
Decided to provide a fault countermeasure section comprising a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the pipe in the pipe between the pair of overlays,
The distance between the center axis of the first adjacent portion of one of the pair of overlays and the center axis of the first straight tube of the overturn, the center axis of the second adjacent portion, and the first of the fault countermeasure unit A method for designing an active fault countermeasure pipe, characterized in that the distance from the central axis of the straight pipe is determined to be equal. A pipe embedded in the ground having an active fault and formed to extend linearly;
Overlay to avoid the buried object embedded in the ground, provided in the pipe in the stationary layer of the active fault,
A fault countermeasure section provided on the pipe in the moving layer of the active fault, and configured by bending a part of the pipe;
With
The underlay includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the overturn in the pipe,
The fault countermeasure section includes a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe,
The distance between the central axis of the first adjacent portion and the central axis of the first straight pipe lying behind, the central axis of the second adjacent portion and the central axis of the second straight pipe of the fault countermeasure portion Active fault countermeasure piping characterized by equal distance. A pipe embedded in the ground having an active fault and formed to extend linearly;
A pair of underlays for avoiding buried objects embedded in the ground, respectively provided in the pipes in the stationary layer and moving layer of the active fault;
A fault countermeasure unit provided in the pipe between the pair of overturns, and configured by bending a part of the pipe;
With
Each of the overturns includes a first straight pipe extending along a first adjacent portion adjacent to the overturn in the pipe,
The fault countermeasure section includes a second straight pipe extending along a second adjacent portion adjacent to the fault countermeasure section in the pipe,
The distance between the center axis of the first adjacent portion of one of the pair of overlays and the center axis of the first straight tube of the overturn, the center axis of the second adjacent portion, and the first of the fault countermeasure unit Active fault countermeasure piping characterized in that the distance from the center axis of the two straight pipes is equal.