JP2017013726A - Automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress anxiety given to a driver.SOLUTION: A minimum value among torque limits Tlim3[Tmg3], Tlim3[Tin3], Tlim3[Tbp3] of a motor on the basis of a motor temperature Tmg3, an inverter temperature Tin3, and a base-plate temperature Tbp3 is set as a torque limit-for-control Tlim3 (S120). Further, if an outside temperature Ta is equal to or lower than a threshold Taref (S150), with a torque limit-for-control Tlim3 is equal to or lower than a threshold Tref (S160), a warning is display-output to a display (S180). If the outside temperature Ta is higher than the threshold Tref, with a torque limit Tlim3[Tmg3] of the motor equaling to or less than the threshold Tref (S170), a warning is display-output to the display (S180).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an automobile.

  Conventionally, this type of automobile controls a motor with a required load factor obtained by guarding the temporary load factor of the motor according to the accelerator opening with the upper limit of the load factor based on the motor temperature. When the motor temperature is high, it is determined that the motor will be overheated even at a relatively low temperature, and when the required load factor is low, the required load factor is compared with the overheat warning determination map that determines that the motor temperature does not reach even when the motor temperature is relatively high. When the motor temperature and the motor temperature belong to the overheat warning range, a lamp that lights an overheat warning lamp has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this automobile, it is possible to notify that the motor is overheated by using the motor temperature corresponding to the required load factor by such processing.

JP 2010-1442029 A

  In these automobiles, in addition to the load factor limitation based on the motor temperature, the load factor limitation based on the temperature of the inverter that drives the motor and the load factor limitation based on the temperature of the base plate to which the inverter is installed are also considered. In addition to controlling the motor within the range, a warning that the output of the motor is restricted is issued when the minimum value is equal to or less than a predetermined value. However, since the base plate is generally made of a material having good thermal conductivity for cooling the inverter (air cooling / water cooling), the temperature of the base plate tends to be high when the outside air temperature is relatively high such as in summer. For this reason, assuming that the warning is issued when the minimum value is equal to or lower than the predetermined value regardless of the outside air temperature, the frequency of the warning is increased because the temperature of the base plate is relatively high due to the influence of the outside air temperature. May cause the driver to feel uneasy.

  The main object of the automobile of the present invention is to suppress the driver from feeling uneasy.

  The automobile of the present invention has taken the following means in order to achieve the main object described above.

The automobile of the present invention
A motor for traveling,
An inverter for driving the motor;
A base plate to which the inverter is attached;
A car equipped with
When the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the first maximum allowable output of the motor based on the temperature of the motor, the second maximum allowable output of the motor based on the temperature of the inverter, and the third of the motor based on the temperature of the base plate. When the minimum value of the maximum permissible output is less than or equal to a predetermined value, a warning is issued,
Informing means for informing the warning when the first maximum allowable output is not more than the predetermined value when the outside air temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature;
It is a summary to provide.

  In the automobile of the present invention, when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the first maximum allowable output of the motor based on the motor temperature, the second maximum allowable output of the motor based on the inverter temperature, and the motor first based on the temperature of the base plate. When the minimum value among the three maximum allowable outputs is less than or equal to the predetermined value, a warning is notified. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, a warning is notified when the first maximum allowable output is not more than the predetermined value. Thereby, when the outside air temperature is relatively high, it is possible to suppress an increase in the frequency of notification of a warning and an increase in time due to the high temperature of the base plate. As a result, the driver can be prevented from feeling uneasy.

  Here, the first maximum permissible output is determined by setting the motor rated torque when the motor temperature is equal to or lower than the first threshold, and when the motor temperature is higher than the first threshold, the higher the motor temperature is, the higher the motor rated torque is. The second maximum allowable output is set such that the rated torque of the motor is set when the inverter temperature is equal to or lower than the second threshold, and the motor is higher as the inverter temperature is higher when the inverter temperature is higher than the second threshold. The third maximum allowable output is set so that the rated torque of the motor is set when the temperature of the base plate is equal to or lower than the third threshold value, and the temperature of the base plate is set when the temperature of the base plate is higher than the third threshold value. It is good also as what is set so that it may become small from the rated torque of a motor, so that is high. The base plate may be formed of a material having good thermal conductivity.

  In the automobile according to the present invention, the inverter and the base plate may be cooled by air blown from a fan to the base plate.

  Further, the automobile of the present invention may include control means for controlling the motor so that the motor is driven within the range of the minimum value.

  Furthermore, the automobile of the present invention includes a drive device capable of outputting power to one of the front wheels and the rear wheels, and the motor can output power to the other wheel of the front wheels and the rear wheels. The notifying means is configured such that when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature and the minimum value is equal to or lower than the predetermined value, and when the outside air temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, and the first maximum allowable output is the predetermined value. In the following cases, the warning may be a means for notifying that the power output to the other wheel is limited. In this case, the notification means may be a means for notifying that the power cannot be output to the other wheel as the warning when the minimum value is 0.

1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle 20 as a first embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode around the inverter 43 and the baseplate 44. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the control routine performed by HVECU70 of an Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the torque limitation setting map used for the setting of torque limitation Tlim3 [Tmg3], Tlim3 [Tin3], Tlim3 [Tbp3] of motor MG3.

  Next, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated using an Example.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle 20 as a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the hybrid vehicle 20 of the first embodiment includes an engine 22, a planetary gear 30, motors MG1, MG2, and MG3, inverters 41, 42, and 43, a battery 50, and a hybrid electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as a hybrid electronic control unit). , “HVECU”) 70.

  The engine 22 is configured as an internal combustion engine that outputs power using gasoline or light oil as a fuel. The operation of the engine 22 is controlled by an engine electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as “engine ECU”) 24.

  Although not shown, the engine ECU 24 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU, and includes, in addition to the CPU, a ROM that stores a processing program, a RAM that temporarily stores data, an input / output port, and a communication port. . Signals from various sensors necessary for controlling the operation of the engine 22 are input to the engine ECU 24 from an input port. Various control signals for controlling the operation of the engine 22 are output from the engine ECU 24 via the output port. The engine ECU 24 is connected to the HVECU 70 via a communication port, controls the operation of the engine 22 by a control signal from the HVECU 70, and outputs data related to the operating state of the engine 22 to the HVECU 70 as necessary.

  The planetary gear 30 is configured as a single pinion type planetary gear mechanism. The sun gear of planetary gear 30 is connected to the rotor of motor MG1. A drive shaft 36F connected to the front wheels 38a and 38b via a differential gear 37F is connected to the ring gear of the planetary gear 30. A crankshaft 26 of the engine 22 is connected to the carrier of the planetary gear 30.

  The motor MG1 is configured as, for example, a synchronous generator motor, and the rotor is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear 30 as described above. The motor MG2 is configured as a synchronous generator motor, for example, and the rotor is connected to the drive shaft 36F. The motor MG3 is configured as, for example, a synchronous generator motor, and a rotor is connected to a drive shaft 36R that is coupled to rear wheels 38c and 38d via a differential gear 37R. Inverters 41, 42, and 43 are connected to battery 50 through power line 54. The motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 are rotationally driven by switching control of a plurality of switching elements (not shown) of the inverters 41, 42, and 43 by a motor electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as “motor ECU”) 40. .

  As shown in FIG. 2, the inverter 43 is attached to the base plate 44. Here, the base plate 44 is made of a material having good thermal conductivity (for example, aluminum, copper, etc.). The base plate 44 is cooled by air blown from a fan 48 disposed near the base plate 44, and the inverter 43 is cooled by heat exchange with the base plate 44. The inverters 41 and 42 are also respectively attached to a base plate (not shown). The base plate is cooled by air blown from a fan disposed near the base plate, and the inverters 41 and 42 are cooled by heat exchange with the base plate. The Note that the inverter 43, the base plate 44, and the like may be water-cooled instead of air-cooled.

Although not shown, the motor ECU 40 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU, and includes a ROM for storing a processing program, a RAM for temporarily storing data, an input / output port, and a communication port in addition to the CPU. . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, signals from various sensors necessary to drive and control the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 are input to the motor ECU 40 through the input port. Examples of signals input to the motor ECU 40 include the following.
The temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3 from the temperature sensor 45 that detects the temperature of the motor MG3
The temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43 from the temperature sensor 46 that detects the temperature of the inverter 43
The temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44 from the temperature sensor 47 that detects the temperature of the base plate 44

Various control signals are output from the motor ECU 40 via an output port. Examples of the control signal output from the motor ECU 40 include the following.
・ Switching control signals to a plurality of switching elements (not shown) of the inverters 41, 42 and 43 ・ Control signals to a fan 48 and a fan (not shown)

  The motor ECU 40 is connected to the HVECU 70 via a communication port. The motor ECU 40 controls driving of the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 according to a control signal from the HVECU 70, and data on the driving state of the motors MG1, MG2, and MG3 as necessary. Output to.

  The battery 50 is configured as, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel hydride secondary battery. As described above, the battery 50 is connected to the inverters 41 and 42 via the power line 54. The battery 50 is managed by a battery electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as “battery ECU”) 52.

Although not shown, the battery ECU 52 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU, and includes a ROM for storing a processing program, a RAM for temporarily storing data, an input / output port, and a communication port in addition to the CPU. . Signals from various sensors necessary for managing the battery 50 are input to the battery ECU 52 via the input port. Examples of the signal input to the battery ECU 52 include the following.
A battery voltage Vb from a voltage sensor installed between the terminals of the battery 50
A battery current Ib from a current sensor attached to the output terminal of the battery 50
-Battery temperature Tb from the temperature sensor attached to the battery 50

  The battery ECU 52 is connected to the HVECU 70 via a communication port, and outputs data relating to the state of the battery 50 to the HVECU 70 as necessary. Battery ECU 52 calculates power storage rate SOC based on the integrated value of battery current Ib from the current sensor. The storage ratio SOC is a ratio of the capacity of power that can be discharged from the battery 50 to the total capacity of the battery 50. Further, the battery ECU 52 calculates the input / output limits Win, Wout based on the calculated storage ratio SOC and the battery temperature Tb from the temperature sensor. The input / output limits Win and Wout are the maximum allowable power that may charge / discharge the battery 50.

Although not shown, the HVECU 70 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU, and includes a ROM that stores a processing program, a RAM that temporarily stores data, an input / output port, and a communication port in addition to the CPU. Signals from various sensors are input to the HVECU 70 via input ports. Examples of signals input to the HVECU 70 include the following.
-Ignition signal from the ignition switch 80-Shift position SP from the shift position sensor 82 that detects the operation position of the shift lever 81
Accelerator opening degree Acc from the accelerator pedal position sensor 84 that detects the depression amount of the accelerator pedal 83
-Brake pedal position BP from the brake pedal position sensor 86 that detects the amount of depression of the brake pedal 85
・ Vehicle speed V from vehicle speed sensor 88
・ Outside temperature Ta from outside temperature sensor 89

  From the HVECU 70, a control signal to the display 90 for displaying information is output via an output port. As described above, the HVECU 70 is connected to the engine ECU 24, the motor ECU 40, and the battery ECU 52 via the communication port, and exchanges various control signals and data with the engine ECU 24, the motor ECU 40, and the battery ECU 52.

  In the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment thus configured, the required torque Td * required for the vehicle is set based on the accelerator opening Acc and the vehicle speed V, and the front wheels 38a, 38b side and the rear wheels 38c are set to the required torque Td *. , 38d side torque distribution ratios Df, Dr (Df + Dr = 1) are multiplied to set the required torques Tf *, Tr * on the front wheels 38a, 38b side, rear wheels 38c, 38d side. The required torque Tf * is output to the front wheels 38a, 38b and the rear wheel 38c within the range of the input / output limits Win, Wout of the battery 50 and the control torque limits Tlim1, Tlim2, Tlim3 of the motors MG1, MG2, MG3. , 38d, the engine 22 and the motors MG1, MG2, MG3 are controlled so that the required torque Tr * is output.

  Next, the operation of the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment thus configured, particularly the setting of the torque limit Tlim3 for controlling the motor MG3 and the control of the display 90 will be described. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a control routine executed by the HVECU 70 of the embodiment. This routine is executed repeatedly.

  When the control routine of FIG. 3 is executed, the HVECU 70 first inputs data such as the temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3, the temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43, the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44, and the outside air temperature Ta (step S100). Here, as the temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3, the temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43, and the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44, values detected by the temperature sensors 45, 46, and 47 are input from the motor ECU 40 by communication. As the outside air temperature Ta, a value detected by the outside air temperature sensor 89 is input.

  When the data is input in this way, based on the input temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3, temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43, and temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44, torque limits Tlim3 [Tmg3], Tlim3 [Tin3], Tlim3 [ Tbp3] is set (step S110), and the minimum values of the set torque limits Tlim3 [Tmg3], Tlim3 [Tin3], Tlim3 [Tbp3] are set as the above-described control torque limit Tlim3 (step S120). In the embodiment, the control torque limits Tlim1 and Tlim2 for the motors MG1 and MG2 are set by the same method. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a torque limit setting map used for setting the torque limits Tlim3 [Tmg3], Tlim3 [Tin3], and Tlim3 [Tbp3] of the motor MG3. 4A shows an example of the relationship between the temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3 and the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3], and FIG. 4B shows the relationship between the temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43 and the torque limit Tlim3 [Tin3]. An example is shown, and FIG. 4C shows an example of the relationship between the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44 and the torque limit Tlim3 [Tbp3]. 4A to 4C, “Tm3rt” is the rated torque of the motor MG3, and “T1”, “T2”, and “T3” are motors that may drive the motor MG1 with the rated torque Tm3rt, respectively. This is the upper limit of the temperature Tmg3 of the MG3, the temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43, and the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44. As shown in FIG. 4A, the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3] is set when the rated torque Tm3rt is set when the temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3 is equal to or lower than the threshold T1, and when the temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3 is higher than the threshold T1. The higher the temperature Tmg3, the smaller the rated torque Tm3rt. As shown in FIG. 4B, the torque limit Tlim3 [Tin3] is set when the rated torque Tm3rt is set when the temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43 is equal to or lower than the threshold T2, and when the temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43 is higher than the threshold T2. The higher the temperature Tin3, the lower the rated torque Tm3rt. As shown in FIG. 4C, the torque limit Tlim3 [Tbp3] is set when the rated torque Tm3rt is set when the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44 is equal to or lower than the threshold T3, and when the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44 is higher than the threshold T3. The higher the temperature Tbp3, the lower the rated torque Tm3rt.

  Next, it is determined whether the control torque limit Tlim3 of the motor MG3 is 0 or larger (step S130). When it is determined that the control torque limit Tlim3 of the motor MG3 is 0, the “system is A warning such as “unable to output to rear wheels due to high load (only output to front wheels is possible)” is displayed on display 90 (step S140), and this routine is terminated.

  When it is determined in step S130 that the control torque limit Tlim3 of the motor MG3 is larger than the value 0, the outside air temperature Ta is compared with the threshold value Taref (step S150). Here, the threshold value Taref is a threshold value used for determining whether or not the temperature Tbp of the base plate 44 tends to be continuously relatively high. For example, 18 ° C., 20 ° C., 22 ° C., or the like is used. . This is based on the fact that the base plate 44 has component characteristics that are easily affected by the outside air temperature Ta (when the outside air temperature Ta is relatively high, such as in summer, the temperature of the base plate 44 tends to be high).

  When the outside air temperature Ta is equal to or lower than the threshold value Taref, the control torque limit Tlim3 of the motor MG3 is compared with the threshold value Tref (step S160). Here, the threshold value Tref is, for example, a value such as 25%, 30%, or 35% of the rated torque Tm3rt of the motor MG3. When the control torque limit Tlim3 for the motor MG3 is larger than the threshold value Tref, this routine is terminated as it is. When the control torque limit Tlim3 for the motor MG3 is equal to or less than the threshold value Tref, “to the rear wheel because the system is heavily loaded. Is output on the display 90 (step S180), and this routine is terminated.

  When the outside air temperature Ta is higher than the threshold value Taref in step S150, the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3] of the motor MG3 is compared with the threshold value Tref (step S170), and when the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3] is larger than the threshold value Tref, When the torque limit Tlim is less than or equal to the threshold value Tref, the routine is terminated and a warning such as “the output is being limited to the rear wheels due to a high load” is displayed on the display 90 (step S180), and this routine is terminated. To do.

  As described above, when the outside air temperature Ta is relatively high such as in summer, the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44 tends to be high. For this reason, if the control torque limit Tlim3 of the motor MG3 is not more than the threshold value Tref regardless of the outside temperature Ta, a warning is displayed on the display 90. If the outside temperature Ta is relatively high, the display 90 is warned. There is a possibility that the driver will feel uneasy because the frequency of displaying and outputting the frequency increases or the time becomes longer. Moreover, in a four-wheel drive vehicle, the function of displaying and outputting such a warning on the display 90 generally limits the output of the motor MG3 during traveling on a low μ road in winter, etc. that requires driving performance by four-wheel drive. It is used to notify that when it is running, and when such a warning is displayed on the display 90 during driving on a dry road surface in summer, etc., which does not require much driving by four-wheel drive, The driver may feel uncomfortable. In the embodiment, when the outside air temperature Ta is higher than the threshold value Taref, a warning is displayed on the display 90 when the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3] of the motor MG3 is equal to or lower than the threshold value Tref, thereby suppressing these problems. can do.

  In the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment described above, when the outside air temperature Ta is equal to or lower than the threshold Taref, the motor TMG3 temperature limit Tlim3 [Tmg3], based on the temperature Tmg3 of the motor MG3, the temperature Tin3 of the inverter 43, and the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44. When the control torque limit Tlim3 as the minimum value of Tlim3 [Tin3] and Tlim3 [Tbp3] is equal to or less than the threshold value Tref, a warning is displayed on the display 90. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature Ta is higher than the threshold value Taref, a warning is displayed on the display 90 when the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3] of the motor MG3 is equal to or lower than the threshold value Tref. Thereby, when the outside air temperature Ta is relatively high, the temperature Tbp3 of the base plate 44 is unlikely to be lowered, so that it is possible to suppress an increase in the frequency and time of warning display on the display 90. it can. As a result, the driver can be prevented from feeling uneasy.

  In the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment, when the control torque limit Tlim3 of the motor MG3 is 0, the control torque limit Tlim3 is larger than the value 0, the outside air temperature Ta is equal to or less than the threshold value Taref, and the control torque limit Tlim3 is Different warnings are displayed when the threshold value Tref is less than or equal to when the control torque limit Tlim3 is greater than the value 0, the outside air temperature Ta is greater than the threshold value Taref, and the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3] of the motor MG3 is less than or equal to the threshold value Tref. 90 is displayed and output. However, the same warning may be displayed on the display 90. In this case, the processing of steps S130 and S140 of the control routine of FIG. 3 may not be performed.

  In the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment, when the control torque limit Tlim3 of the motor MG3 is 0, the control torque limit Tlim3 is larger than the value 0, the outside air temperature Ta is equal to or less than the threshold value Taref, and the control torque limit Tlim3 is the threshold value Tref. When the control torque limit Tlim3 is larger than the value 0, the outside air temperature Ta is higher than the threshold value Taref, and the torque limit Tlim3 [Tmg3] of the motor MG3 is equal to or lower than the threshold value Tref, a warning is displayed on the display 90. It was supposed to be. However, instead of displaying a warning on the display 90, a warning lamp may be turned on, or a sound may be output from a speaker.

  In the embodiment, the configuration of the hybrid vehicle 20 includes the engine 22 and motors MG1, MG2 on the front wheels 38a, 38b side and the motor MG3 on the rear wheels 38c, 38d side. However, the front wheels 38a and 38b may include an engine, one motor, and a transmission. Moreover, since it is sufficient to have a configuration including a traveling motor, an inverter that drives the motor, and a base plate to which the inverter is attached, a configuration of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle that is not a four-wheel drive but a two-wheel drive may be used.

  The correspondence between the main elements of the embodiment and the main elements of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problems will be described. In the embodiment, the motor MG3 corresponds to a “motor”, the inverter 43 corresponds to an “inverter”, the base plate 44 corresponds to a “base plate”, and the display 90 and the HVECU 70 correspond to “notification means”.

  The correspondence between the main elements of the embodiment and the main elements of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problem is the same as that of the embodiment described in the column of means for solving the problem. Therefore, the elements of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problems are not limited. That is, the interpretation of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problems should be made based on the description of the column, and the examples are those of the invention described in the column of means for solving the problems. It is only a specific example.

  As mentioned above, although the form for implementing this invention was demonstrated using the Example, this invention is not limited at all to such an Example, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it is with various forms. Of course, it can be implemented.

  The present invention can be used in the automobile manufacturing industry.

  20 hybrid vehicle, 22 engine, 24 electronic control unit for engine (engine ECU), 26 crankshaft, 28 damper, 30 planetary gear, 36F, 36R drive shaft, 37F, 37R differential gear, 38a, 38b front wheel, 38c, 38d rear wheel 40, motor electronic control unit (motor ECU), 41, 42, 43 inverter, 44 base plate, 45, 46, 47 temperature sensor, 48 fan, 50 battery, 52 battery electronic control unit (battery ECU 52), 54 power line , 70 Hybrid electronic control unit (HVECU), 80 ignition switch, 81 shift lever, 82 shift position sensor, 83 accelerator pedal, 84 accelerator pedal position sensor , 85 brake pedal, 86 a brake pedal position sensor, 88 vehicle speed sensor, 89 outside air temperature sensor, 90 a display, MG1, MG2, MG3 motor.

Claims (1)

A motor for traveling,
An inverter for driving the motor;
A base plate to which the inverter is attached;
A car equipped with
When the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the first maximum allowable output of the motor based on the temperature of the motor, the second maximum allowable output of the motor based on the temperature of the inverter, and the third of the motor based on the temperature of the base plate. When the minimum value of the maximum permissible output is less than or equal to a predetermined value, a warning is issued,
Informing means for informing the warning when the first maximum allowable output is not more than the predetermined value when the outside air temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature;
Automobile equipped with.

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