JP2017013141A - Electric power tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric power tool which includes a motor housing, a rear cover for storing a control board and an operation part for switch operation at the motor housing, and has good assemblability.SOLUTION: The electric power tool comprises: a motor housing that stores a motor; and an inverter circuit which is connected to the motor housing, has a plurality of switching elements, performs switching operation and controls driving of the motor; a control unit which controls on or off operation of the switching elements; a circuit board mounted with the switching elements; and a rear cover which stores a switch for switching output signals to the control unit. The switch is provided on the circuit board, and an operation unit performing switching operation is provided to the motor housing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric tool driven by a motor.

  There is known an electric tool that uses a brushless DC motor and performs high-speed rotation control of the motor with a controller such as a microcomputer. The brushless DC motor detects the rotational position of the rotor using a magnetic sensor, and controls the drive current supplied to the motor windings by the controller. As an example (grinder) of an electric tool using such a brushless DC motor, the technique of Patent Document 1 is known. In Patent Document 1, a brushless motor is accommodated coaxially with a cylindrical housing. In the motor, a stator having a coil is arranged on the outer peripheral side, and on the inner peripheral side, a rotor that rotates by a rotating shaft and holds a permanent magnet is provided. The rotating shaft is pivotally supported by a bearing on the front side and the rear side of the motor, and a cylindrical sensor magnet for detecting the rotational position of the rotor is provided behind the rear side bearing. A controller for controlling the motor and a power supply circuit are accommodated in the rear side of the housing. In addition, an inverter circuit for supplying a rotating magnetic field (three-phase alternating current) to the motor coil is mounted.

JP 2010-269409 A

  The power tool as described above has a structure in which a power switch operated by an operator to turn on and off the motor is supported by the housing on the rear side of the housing. The switch has a structure connected to a control board for controlling the driving of the motor by an electric wire, and has a problem in assembling.

  In addition, since the switch is provided in the housing on the rear side of the control board, it is not possible to adopt a structure in which a switch operation unit for operating the switch is provided around the motor housing or operation of the switch operation unit. The structure for turning the switch on and off in conjunction with the operation becomes complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and an object thereof is to provide an electric tool with good assemblability.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric tool having good assemblability in an electric tool having a motor housing, a rear cover that accommodates a control board, and an operation portion for operating a switch in the motor housing.

  Of the inventions disclosed in the present application, typical features will be described as follows.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a motor, an inverter circuit that has a plurality of switching elements and performs a switching operation to control driving of the motor, a control unit that controls on or off operation of the switching elements, In an electric tool having a circuit board on which the switching element is mounted, a switch for switching an output signal to the control unit by an operator's operation is provided on the circuit board.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a motor housing that houses a motor, an inverter circuit that is connected to the motor housing and has a plurality of switching elements to perform a switching operation and control driving of the motor, In a power tool having a control unit for controlling an off operation, a circuit board on which the switching element is mounted, and a rear cover that houses a switch for switching an output signal to the control unit, the switch is provided on the circuit board, An operation portion for operating the switch is provided in the motor housing.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, an electric tool with favorable assembly property can be provided.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the whole structure of the electric tool which concerns on the Example of this invention, and the arrow shows the flow of the cooling air which generate | occur | produces at the time of motor ON. It is a bottom view of FIG. 1 which shows the relationship between a motor housing and a case. It is a perspective view which shows a case. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a principal part expanded partial sectional view of FIG. 1 which shows a rotor. It is a block diagram which shows the drive circuit structure of a motor. It is a flowchart which shows starting control of a motor.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, parts having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description is omitted. Further, in this specification, description will be made assuming that the front, rear, left, right, and up and down directions are directions shown in the drawing.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a power tool 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, as an example of the electric power tool 1, a disc grinder is shown in which a spindle 24 that rotates in a direction orthogonal to the rotating shaft 6 of the motor 5 is provided, and the work device connected to the spindle 24 is a circular grindstone 30. A housing (outer frame or casing) of the electric power tool 1 includes a gear case 21 that houses a power transmission mechanism, a motor housing 2 that houses a motor 5, and a rear cover 3 that is attached to the rear of the motor housing 2 and houses electrical devices. It is comprised by three main parts. The method of forming the housing is arbitrary, and it may be constituted by a portion divided into three in the front-rear direction as in this embodiment, or may be formed in other divided shapes. The motor housing 2 is a resin-integrated structure and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having an opening on the front side. The motor housing 2 has an outer diameter that is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the stator 9 of the motor 5, and the outer surface side of the motor housing 2 constitutes a portion (gripping part) that an operator grips with one hand. A cylindrical rear cover 3 is attached to the rear of the motor housing 2.

  The motor 5 has a rotation shaft 6 disposed along the central axis direction (front-rear direction) of the motor housing 2, and the calculation unit detects the rotation position of the rotor 7 with a rotation position detection element 69 using a Hall IC, By controlling an inverter circuit 80 composed of a plurality of switching elements Q1 to Q6 (see FIG. 2 described later), a rotating magnetic field is formed by sequentially supplying driving power to a predetermined coil 13 of the motor 5, thereby forming a rotor. Rotate. The motor 5 is a three-phase brushless DC motor, in which the rotor rotates in the inner circumferential space of the stator 9, and is a so-called inner rotor type. The stator 9 is manufactured in a laminated structure in which a number of thin iron plates manufactured by pressing are stacked in the axial direction. Six teeth are formed on the inner peripheral side of the stator 9, and resin insulators 11, 12 are mounted in the longitudinal direction of each tooth, and copper wires are sandwiched between the insulators 11, 12. Is wound to form the coil 13. In this embodiment, the coil 13 is preferably a star connection having three phases of U, V, and W phases, and three lead wires for U, V, and W phases for supplying drive power to the coil 13 are used. (Not shown) is connected to the circuit board 60. A rotor 7 is fixed to the rotating shaft 6 on the inner peripheral side of the stator 9. The rotor 7 is formed in parallel to the axial direction on the rotor 7 in which a large number of thin annular steel plates manufactured by pressing are laminated in the axial direction, and the N pole and the S pole are provided in the slot portion whose cross-sectional shape is rectangular. The plate-shaped permanent magnet 8 is inserted. Balancers 6a and 6b made of a metal material are provided at the front and rear ends of the rotor 7, and the balance of rotation of the rotor 7 can be adjusted by machining the balancers 6a and 6b.

  The rotary shaft 6 includes a rear-side bearing (first bearing) 14 a held by the motor housing 2 and a front-side bearing (second bearing) held in the vicinity of the connection portion between the gear case 21 and the motor housing 2. 14b and is rotatably supported. A cooling fan 15 is provided between the bearing 14 b and the motor 5 when viewed in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6. The cooling fan 15 is, for example, a plastic centrifugal fan. When the motor 5 rotates, the cooling fan 15 rotates in conjunction with the rotating shaft 6, so that the motor 5, the control circuit, and the like are arranged in the direction indicated by a plurality of arrows inside the housing. A flow of cooling air (cooling air) is generated. The cooling air is sucked from the wind window 3 c provided on the side surface of the rear cover 3 in the vicinity of the rear end of the circuit board 60 and flows from the rear to the front side around the case 40 that accommodates the circuit board 60. It passes through the opening 20 a (FIG. 2) provided in the holder part 20 and flows into the accommodation space of the motor 5. Cooling air flowing into the housing space of the motor 5 is sucked by the cooling fan 15 through the gap between the outer periphery of the stator 9 and the motor housing 2 or the gap between the stator 9 and the rotor 7, and passes through the through hole of the fan cover 16. It passes through the through hole 21b of the gear case 21 or is discharged forward from the through hole 21c. In the present embodiment, the circuit board 60, the sensor magnet 18, the bearing 14a, the motor 5, the cooling fan 15, and the bearing 14b are seen from the rear (windward side) to the front as viewed on the axis of the rotating shaft 6 of the motor 5. They are arranged in series (on a straight line) in the axial direction. The wind window 3a serving as an outside air suction port is disposed on the rear side of the circuit board 60 and on the rear side of the element that generates a large amount of heat, particularly the diode bridge 71 and the switching elements Q1 to Q6 (see FIG. 2 described later). . Thus, in this embodiment, the cooling air flows so as to substantially contact the entire outer peripheral surface from the rear side of the housing to the front side as seen in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 of the motor 5.

  The gear case 21 is formed by integrally molding a metal such as aluminum, for example, and accommodates a pair of bevel gear mechanisms (22, 23) and rotatably holds a spindle 24 serving as an output shaft. The spindle 24 is disposed so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction (here, the front-rear direction) of the rotating shaft 6 of the motor 5, and a first bevel gear is disposed at the front end portion of the rotating shaft 6. 22, and the first bevel gear 22 meshes with a second bevel gear 23 attached to the upper end of the spindle 24. Since the second bevel gear 23 has a large diameter and a larger number of gears than the first bevel gear 22, these power transmission means function as a speed reduction mechanism. The upper end side of the spindle 24 is rotatably supported by a gear case 21 by a metal 25, and is supported by a bearing 26 by a ball bearing near the center. The bearing 26 is fixed to the gear case 21 via a spindle cover 27.

  A mounting base 28 is provided at the tip of the spindle 24, and a tip tool such as a grindstone 30 is attached by a washer nut 31. The grindstone 30 is, for example, a resinoid flexible toy, flexible toy, resinoid toy, sanding disk, etc. having a diameter of 100 mm. Depending on the type of abrasive used, surface grinding and curved surface grinding of metals, synthetic resins, marble, concrete, etc. are possible. is there. The wheel guard 32 covers the radially outer side and upper side of the rear side of the grindstone 30. The tip tool attached to the electric power tool 1 is not limited to the grindstone 30 and other tools such as a bevel wire brush, a nonwoven fabric brush, and a diamond wheel may be attached.

  A sensor magnet 18, which is a magnetic body having different magnetic poles in the rotation direction, is attached to the rear end of the rotation shaft 6 of the motor 5. The sensor magnet 18 is a thin cylindrical permanent magnet that is attached to detect the rotational position of the rotor 7, and NSNS and four poles are formed in order at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. A substantially semicircular sensor substrate 68 is provided behind the sensor magnet 18 and inside the case 40 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 6. The sensor substrate 68 detects the position of the sensor magnet 18. A rotational position detecting element 69 is provided. The rotational position detecting element 69 detects the rotational position of the rotor 7 by detecting a change in the magnetic field of the rotating sensor magnet 18, and is provided for every predetermined angle in the rotational direction, here, every 60 °. It is done.

  The interior of the rear cover 3 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape is supplied by a calculation unit (control unit) for controlling the rotation of the motor 5, an inverter circuit 80 for driving the motor 5, and a power cord (not shown) from the outside. A power supply circuit 70 for converting the alternating current to direct current is accommodated. In this embodiment, these circuits are mounted on a common circuit board 60, but they may be mounted on a divided circuit board. The circuit board 60 is disposed so as to be parallel to the longitudinal center axis (coaxial with the rotation axis 6 of the motor 5) of the electric power tool 1. Here, the board | substrate is arrange | positioned so that the front and back surface may extend in the front-back direction and the left-right direction. The circuit board 60 is disposed inside a container-like case 40 having an opening on one surface, and is entirely solidified by a curable resin that cures a liquid resin. Here, when the grindstone 30 of the electric power tool 1 is down (in the direction of FIG. 1), the opening of the case 40 is disposed so as to face downward, and the plurality of switching elements Q1 to Q1 included in the inverter circuit 80 are arranged. Q6 is arranged to extend downward from the circuit board 60.

  Since the inverter circuit 80 needs to pass a large drive current to the coil 13, a large-capacity output transistor such as an FET (field effect transistor) or an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) is used as the switching elements Q1 to Q6. Used. Since these switching elements Q1 to Q6 generate a large amount of heat, a heat dissipation structure for improving the cooling effect is considered. In this embodiment, a cooling metal plate is further attached to the heat dissipation plate of the switching elements Q1 to Q6. Since the heat radiating plate and the metal plate are arranged on the leeward side (motor side) from the wind window 3a serving as the suction port, they are directly exposed to the cooling air indicated by the arrows. A power supply circuit 70 is provided on the rear side of the switching elements Q1 to Q6. The power supply circuit 70 of the present embodiment includes a rectifier circuit (diode bridge 71) that converts commercial power (AC) supplied from the outside into DC. From the efficiency of wiring, the rectifier circuit is located on the rear side of the case 40 so as to be close to the power cord 3b wired to extend from the rear end surface of the rear cover 3 to the rear side of the switching elements Q1 to Q6 (motor It is mounted on the non-motor side far from 5.

  The circuit board 60 is further equipped with a calculation unit that controls the rotation of the motor 5. The calculation unit includes a microcomputer 100 (hereinafter referred to as “microcomputer 100”), and drives the inverter circuit 80 to start and stop the motor 5 and control the rotation speed. In the space defined by the case 40 (inside the container), in addition to the circuit board 60, a sensor board 68 on which the rotational position detecting element 69 is mounted is provided. In addition, a speed adjustment board 65 is mounted on the outside and rear side of the container portion of the case 40, and a variable resistor 66 that is adjusted by the speed change dial 17 is provided. The sensor substrate 68 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 of the motor 5, and the speed adjusting substrate 65 is disposed so as to be parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6.

  FIG. 2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1 and shows a state before the rear cover 3 is attached to the motor housing 2. The shape of the circuit board 60 accommodated in the case 40 is formed with an outer contour substantially equivalent to the inner shape of the case 40. Although not shown in the drawing, the circuit board 60 is immersed in a resin that hardens from the liquid and hardens. What is mounted on the circuit board 60 is mainly for controlling the power circuit 70 including the rectifier circuit and the smoothing circuit, the inverter circuit 80 including the six switching elements Q1 to Q6, and the inverter circuit 80. An operation unit including the microcomputer 100 and a constant voltage power supply circuit 90 that generates a constant voltage direct current for the operation unit. A power cord 3 b is connected to the input side of the circuit board 60 from the outside of the electric power tool 1, and commercial alternating current is input to the power circuit 70. The power cord 3 b is fixed by the power cord holding part 43. The output side of the circuit board 60 is terminals 84a to 84c, and three lead wires (V phase, U phase, W phase) (not shown) connected to the coil 13 of the motor 5 are respectively soldered.

  In the circuit board 60, the power supply circuit 70 is arranged on the rear side of the circuit board 60 and the inverter circuit 80 is located on the front side of the circuit board because of the advantage in wiring that it is close to the input and output points and the flow along the cooling air flow. Placed on the side. The circuit board 60 is a single-layer or multilayer printed board, and a multilayer glass composite board is used here. The power supply circuit 70 includes a rectifier circuit (diode bridge 71) and a smoothing circuit 75, and includes a choke coil 73 and a varistor 74. The smoothing circuit 75 includes an electrolytic capacitor 76 and a resistor 78 described later. doing.

  The inverter circuit 80 is arranged such that three switching elements Q1 to Q3 and Q4 to Q6 are arranged in a line in the axial direction. In the switching elements Q1 to Q6, three metal terminals extend from the lower side of the package such as a substantially rectangular parallelepiped ceramic, and a metal heat sink is embedded on the back side of the package. The heat radiating plate is planar, and the switching elements Q1 to Q6 are arranged so that the spreading direction of the heat radiating plate is horizontal and orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the circuit board 60 (the front-rear direction in FIG. 2). Further, a heat radiating metal plate 82 is further provided on the heat radiating plate on the back of the package. Usually, the collector terminal of the IGBT and the drain terminal of the FET are electrically connected to the heat sink on the back side of the package. Therefore, when the collector terminal or the drain terminal is connected in common in the circuit configuration, a plurality of switching elements Q1 to Q3 are used. Are provided with common metal plates 82, 83a to 83c. On the other hand, the remaining three switching elements Q4 to Q6 of the inverter circuit 80 are arranged in a line and arranged so as to be parallel to the switching elements Q1 to Q3. Although the metal plate for heat dissipation is provided in the heat sink of the package back surface of switching element Q4-Q6, since these collector terminals or drain terminals are not common connection, the metal plates 83a-83c independent from each other are provided. The surfaces of the metal plates 83a to 83c are arranged so as to be horizontal and orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the circuit board 60 (front-rear direction, axial direction of the rotation shaft 6). Since it arrange | positions in this way, since the surface on the opposite side to the switching element of the metal plates 83a-83c faces in parallel with the direction (refer arrow in FIG. 1) through which cooling air flows, the heat dissipation effect can be enhanced.

  The circuit board 60 is further equipped with a microcomputer 100 which is a calculation unit, a constant voltage power supply circuit 90 which will be described later, and a switch 64 which operates in conjunction with the switch bar 4a. These can be mounted in any space on the circuit board 60. In this embodiment, the microcomputer 100 is mounted behind the switch 64. A sensor board 68 on which three rotational position detecting elements 69 (see FIG. 1) are mounted is arranged on the front side of the circuit board 60 so as to be orthogonal to the circuit board 60.

  A speed adjustment board 65 on which the variable resistor 66 is mounted is provided on the rear side of the case 40. The switch board 65 is provided in a portion that protrudes rearward from the container-like portion of the case 40, and a speed change dial 17 that is partially exposed from the rear cover 3 is provided on the rotating shaft of the variable resistor 66. The circuit boards 60 and 55 are wired by lead wires 63.

  The case 40 has a container shape having an opening surface 40a and is formed so as not to leak even if liquid is put into the internal space. However, when the case 40 is disposed in the electric power tool 1, the normal direction of the opening surface 40a is the lower side. It is arranged in an inverted state so as to face. In other words, the case 40 is disposed so as to open downward. This is to prevent water droplets and dust from flowing into the interior together with the cooling air from accumulating inside the case 40. By arranging the container-like case 40 in the electric tool 1 in an inverted state in this manner, the switching elements Q1 to Q6 and the like are not completely covered with the resin, and the durability is improved even if only about half is covered. It became possible. Particularly, when iron powder or the like accumulated between the switching elements Q1 to Q6 places the electric power tool 1 in the direction of FIG. 1, dust and water droplets easily fall on the lower surface inside the rear cover 3 due to the impact.

  Screw holes 42 a and 42 b for fixing the motor housing 2 to the motor housing 2 with screws 42 c and 42 d are formed at the front end portion of the case 40. The bearing holder 20 of the motor housing 2 has a plurality of pillars (not shown) formed outward from the cylindrical part that holds the outer ring part of the bearing 14a (see FIG. 1), and has openings 20a at places other than the pillars. The cooling air flows from the space accommodating the case 40 to the space accommodating the motor 5 side. The rear cover 3 is fixed to the motor housing 2 by being screwed to the rear end of the case 40 fixed to the motor housing 2 with a screw 42e. As a result, it is not necessary to arrange a fixing part at the connecting portion between the motor housing 2 and the rear cover 3, so that the operator can easily hold the part.

  In addition, an electrolytic capacitor 94 used in the constant voltage power supply circuit 90 is mounted on the circuit board 60.

  Next, the circuit configuration of the drive control system of the motor 5 will be described with reference to FIG. The power supply circuit 70 includes a rectifier circuit 71 including a diode bridge 72 and the like. A smoothing circuit 75 is connected to the output side of the power supply circuit 70 and the inverter circuit 80. The inverter circuit 80 includes six switching elements Q1 to Q6, and the switching operation is controlled by gate signals H1 to H6 supplied from the arithmetic unit (microcomputer 100). The output of the inverter circuit 80 is connected to the U phase, V phase, and W phase of the coil 13 of the motor 5. A constant voltage power supply circuit 90 is connected to the output side of the power supply circuit 70. Here, the power supply circuit 70, the smoothing circuit 75, the inverter circuit 80, the constant voltage power supply circuit 90, and the operation unit (the microcomputer 100) are collectively mounted on the same circuit board 60.

  The power supply circuit 70 includes a rectifier circuit mainly configured by a diode bridge 71, and the input side of the rectifier circuit is connected to, for example, the commercial AC power supply 35, and the output side is connected to the smoothing circuit 75. The term “normal power supply circuit” may refer to a circuit having both a rectifier circuit and a smoothing circuit, but the rectifier circuit performs full-wave rectification on the input alternating current and outputs it to the smoothing circuit 75. The smoothing circuit 75 is disposed between the rectifier circuit and the inverter circuit 80, smoothes the pulsating current included in the current rectified by the rectifier circuit to a state close to direct current, and outputs the pulsating current to the inverter circuit 80. . The smoothing circuit 75 includes an electrolytic capacitor 76 and a discharge resistor 78. When the electric tool 1 is a disc grinder, a large output is required as compared with other electric tools (for example, an impact driver or the like), so that the voltage value input from the commercial AC power supply 35 to the smoothing circuit 75 is also high. ing. Therefore, the electrolytic capacitor 76 provided in the smoothing circuit 75 is required to have a large capacitance.

  The inverter circuit 80 includes six switching elements Q1 to Q6 connected in a three-phase bridge format. Inside the stator 9 of the motor 5, the rotor 7 having the permanent magnet 8 rotates. A sensor magnet 18 for position detection is connected to the rotating shaft 6 of the rotor 7, and the arithmetic unit (the microcomputer 100) detects the position of the sensor magnet 18 by a rotational position detecting element 69 such as a Hall IC. Detect the rotational position.

  The calculation unit (microcomputer 100) is a control means for performing on / off and rotation speed control of the motor 5, and is a microcomputer (microcomputer). The arithmetic unit (microcomputer 100) is mounted on the circuit board 60 and controls the rotational speed of the motor 5 based on the start signal input in response to the operation of the switch 64 and the speed signal set by the speed change dial 17, and the coil U , V, W energization time and drive voltage are controlled. The arithmetic unit 100 is connected to the gates of the six switching elements Q1 to Q6 of the inverter circuit 80, and supplies drive signals H1 to H6 for turning on / off the switching elements Q1 to Q6.

  The drains or sources of the six switching elements Q1 to Q6 of the inverter circuit 80 are connected to the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase of the star-connected coil 13. Since the drain terminals of the switching elements Ql to Q3 are commonly connected to the positive electrode side of the power supply circuit 70, a common metal plate 82 for heat dissipation can be provided thereto. On the other hand, since the drain terminals of the switching elements Q4 to Q6 are connected to the V-phase, U-phase, and W-phase terminals of the motor, the heat-dissipating metal plates 83a to 83c for the switching elements Q4 to Q6 are individually provided. .

  The switching elements Q1 to Q6 perform a switching operation based on the drive signals H1 to H6 input from the arithmetic unit 100, and apply the DC voltage supplied from the commercial AC power supply 35 via the power supply circuit 70 and the smoothing circuit 75 to the three-phase. (U phase, V phase, W phase) Voltages Vu, Vv, Vw are supplied to the motor 5. The magnitude of the current supplied to the motor 5 is detected by the arithmetic unit (microcomputer 100) by detecting the voltage value at both ends of the current detection resistor 102 connected between the smoothing circuit 75 and the inverter circuit 80. . A predetermined current threshold value corresponding to the set rotation of the motor 5 is set in advance in the calculation unit (the microcomputer 100). When the detected current value exceeds the threshold value, the inverter circuit 80 is stopped to stop driving the motor 5. The switching operation is stopped. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the burning etc. by the overcurrent flowing into the motor 5 is suppressed.

  The constant voltage power supply circuit 90 is directly connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit 71 and is a power supply circuit for supplying a low voltage direct current to the arithmetic unit 100. The constant voltage power supply circuit 90 includes a diode 96, a smoothing electrolytic capacitor 94, an IPD circuit 91, a capacitor 93, and a regulator 92. The constant voltage power supply circuit 90 is a circuit for supplying a stabilized reference voltage to the arithmetic unit (the microcomputer 100) based on the output from the power supply circuit 70. Each part of the constant voltage power supply circuit 90 is mounted on the circuit board 60.

  Next, the shape of the case 40 will be described with reference to FIG. The case 40 is a non-conductive material and is manufactured by integral molding of synthetic resin such as plastic. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the opening surface 40a in the upward direction. The case 40 serves as an attachment base used for fixing the circuit board 60 to the housing of the electric power tool 1, and the case 40 formed in a container shape includes a front surface 41a, a rear surface 41b, side surfaces 41c and 41d, and a bottom surface. 41e, and the remaining surface is an opening surface 40a. The joint portions of the side surfaces 41c, 41d and the bottom surface 41e are not formed at right angles but are formed along the cylindrical inner wall shape of the rear cover 3, and are connected at an additional surface formed obliquely here. A cylindrical tube portion 42 is formed on the outer portion of the front surface 41a. The cylindrical portion 42 is a recessed portion for accommodating the sensor magnet 18 therein, and the sensor substrate 68 is disposed on the inner side of the case 40 with the front surface 41a as viewed from the sensor magnet 18. The cylindrical tube portion 42 is formed with protruding portions that protrude in the radial direction, and screw holes 42a and 42b are formed therein, respectively. Step portions 45a and 45b for supporting and aligning the circuit board 60 are formed inside the case 40 and on the side surface 41c. In the same manner, a step portion for aligning the circuit board 60 is also formed on the inner wall portion of the side surface 41d that cannot be seen in FIG. A power cord holding part 43 and a switch board holding part 44 are formed outside the rear surface 41 b of the case 40.

  Next, the relationship between the motor housing 2 and the motor 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the outer peripheral shape of the stator 9 has a shape that is a line object, and has four caulking portions 9 a that are protrusions protruding from the circumferential shape in order to caulk thin steel plates, The caulking portion 9a has a shape having a pair of plane portions 9b orthogonal to each other in the circumferential direction. The flat portions 9b are formed so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction (front-rear direction) of the rotary shaft 6, respectively. In other words, one caulking portion 9a has a plane portion 9b extending in the left-right direction with respect to the plane portion 9b extending in the up-down direction.

  On the inner peripheral side of the motor housing 2, there are provided a total of eight ribs 2 a, including a pair of ribs 2 a that receive the caulking portion 9 a of the stator 9 and abut against the flat portion 9 b. The ribs 2 a and the caulking portions 9 a extend in the direction of the rotation shaft 6 of the motor 5 and have a shape extending at least over the range of the stator 7.

  More specifically, the pair of ribs 2a project so as to be orthogonal to each other and toward the caulking portion 9a, and the one caulking portion 9a is provided in the circumferential direction of the caulking portion 9a (clockwise and counterclockwise in FIG. 4). The caulking portion 9a is positioned by making surface contact with the flat surface portion 9b provided on the side). At this time, each rib 2a protrudes in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the flat surface portion 9b that comes into contact extends. With this structure, the motor 5 can be firmly fixed to the motor housing 2 by being held by the plurality of ribs 2a from the top, bottom, left, and right. Furthermore, since the rib 2a and the flat surface portion 9b are brought into contact with each other at a plane orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6, when the stator 9 tries to rotate in the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 6, the load applied to the rib 2a is reduced. Dispersion is suppressed and damage to the rib 2a is suppressed. Specifically, since the contact surface is inclined by about 30 degrees with respect to the rotation direction, the load in the rotation direction applied to the rib 2a is offset, and damage to the rib 2a can be suppressed.

  When the stator 9 is inserted into the motor housing 2, the planar portion 9 b is press-fitted into the rib 2 a, and the rotation of the stator 9 is restricted by the rib 2 a in the motor housing 2, Centering is done.

  The motor housing 2 has a structure having a stepped portion or the like in the circumferential direction, but the outer peripheral portion provided with the rib 2a is formed thicker than the other portions and has a thickness of 2.3 mm. On the other hand, the rib 2a is formed with a thickness of 1.5 mm, which is thinner than this, and the rib 2a is thinner than the outer peripheral portion of the motor housing 2, so that the motor is provided by providing the rib 2a. The occurrence of sink marks on the outer periphery of the housing 2 is suppressed.

  Between the pair of ribs 2a and the other pair of ribs 2a, the stator 9 is supported by the ribs 2a so that a gap is formed between the outer periphery of the stator 9 and the motor housing 2. The cooling air passes therethrough, and a flow path through which the cooling air flows is secured. A switch bar 4a described later is arranged in one gap.

  A gap is also formed between the outer periphery of the caulking portion 9a and the motor housing 2 between the pair of ribs 2a so that the outer periphery of the caulking portion 9a abuts on the motor housing 2 and does not affect the centering. And helps to secure the cooling air flow path.

  The disc grinder as in the present embodiment is one in which an operator performs work while gripping the motor housing 2, and it is desirable that the diameter of the motor housing 2 is small from the viewpoint of ease of gripping. By adopting the configuration as described above, a new part for regulating the rotation of the stator 9 in the motor housing 2 is added, and the cooling air flows without increasing the diameter of the motor housing 2. The motor support structure is compact and has good cooling performance without obstruction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the rib 2a has a shape extending so as to intersect the radial direction of the rotating shaft 6, and the stator 7 is supported by the tip of the rib 2a. When the generated rotational torque is received by the rib 2a, stress can be prevented from concentrating on the corners of the rib 2a, and the force can be distributed and received in the protruding direction of the rib 2a, thereby realizing a strong support structure. be able to.

  Further, four caulking portions 9a are provided on the diagonal line, and a total of eight ribs 2a can disperse the load in the rotational direction applied to each rib 2a to make the ribs 2a thinner, as described above. In addition, the thickness is made thinner than the outer peripheral portion of the motor housing 2 to suppress the occurrence of sink marks on the outer periphery of the motor housing 2.

  Further, as described above, the cooling air is sucked by the cooling fan 15 through the gap between the stator 9 and the rotor 7 in addition to the gap between the outer peripheral side of the stator 9 and the motor housing 2. The gap between the stator 9 and the rotor 7 is about 0.5 mm in the radial direction, and iron powder may enter during this operation of the disk grinder. The iron powder that has entered during this time may adhere to the stator 7 due to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 8 in the stator 7. In the disc grinder of this embodiment, the rotational speed of the brushless motor 5 when the speed change dial 17 is set to the minimum speed is about 9,000 rpm, the rotational speed when the maximum speed is set is 32,700 rpm, the stator 9 and the rotor 7 is set to be about 26 m / sec, which exceeds 20 m / sec.

  When the rotational speed of the motor 5 is set to the minimum rotational speed, the iron powder that has entered the gap between the stator 9 and the rotor 7 continues to adhere to the stator 7, but the above wind speed is obtained. With the configuration, at least when the maximum speed is set, the iron powder attached to the rotor 7 is blown off with the cooling air, and the iron powder is difficult to adhere to the rotor 7 during the rotation of the motor 5.

  Next, the shape of the balancer 6a on the bearing holder portion 20 side among the balancers 6a and 6b provided before and after the rotor 7 constituting the brushless motor 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As described above, the balancers 6a and 6b are made of a metal material and are provided so as to adjust the rotation balance of the rotor 7. The balancers 6a and 6b are configured to rotate integrally with the rotary shaft 6 and the rotor 7. Has been.

  Between the balancer 6a and the bearing 14a, a seal member 10 formed of resin or the like as an insulating member is attached on the rotating shaft 6 so as to be in contact with the bearing 14a. The seal member 10 is provided to prevent dust from entering the bearing 14a. On the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 6, a mold 6 d made of resin as an insulating material is formed over the entire circumference from the range where the rotor 7 is provided to the front side of the bearing 14 a and the inner part of the seal member 10. A mold 6d is not provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary shaft 6 in contact with the bearing 14a for the purpose of accurately centering the rotary shaft 6 and suppressing shaft shake.

  Since the balancer 6a is made of a metal member and is electrically connected to the rotor 7, the balancer 6a and the balancer 6a are not connected to the motor housing 2 through the bearing 14a made of a conductive member. It is necessary to secure a distance from the end surface portion of the mold 6d located between the balancer 6a and the bearing 14a.

  If the distance between the balancer 6a and the bearing 14a is greatly separated, it is possible to easily secure the distance to prevent the energization, but in this case, the overall size of the grinder is increased, The distance between the balancer 6a and the seal member 10 is increased, and dust easily enters the bearing 14a through this distance.

  In the present embodiment, the balancer 6a employs a configuration in which the inner peripheral portion has the recess 6c, so that the distance between the end surface portion of the mold 6d and the balancer 6a in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 is secured and the sealer 6a and the sealer are sealed. It is difficult for dust to enter between the members 10.

  Moreover, the outer peripheral side surface of the recessed part 6c has the shape inclined so that it might go to a radial direction outer side as it goes to the bearing 14a side (back). As a result, the space distance between the rear end of the mold 6d and the balancer 6a can be kept large, and the area of the outer peripheral side surface of the balancer 6a can be secured large to balance the rotation of the rotor 7. Therefore, the shape is easy to cut.

  In addition, in order to suppress dust intrusion into the bearing 14a, the seal member 10 is provided. However, even if the seal member 10 is not provided, the balancer 6a is provided with the recess 6c. As a result, the distance between the bearing 14a and the outer peripheral end face of the balancer 6a can be reduced, so that it is possible to achieve a configuration in which dust does not easily enter the bearing 14a while having a compact structure that suppresses current leakage. .

  Next, the configuration of the switch operation unit 4 and the switch 64 and the activation control during the operation of the switch 64 will be described.

  As described above, the circuit board 60 has the switch 64 mounted thereon. This switch 64 is a micro switch and has a plunger 64a that is always urged in a protruding direction, and transmits an OFF signal to the microcomputer 100 when the plunger 64a is in a protruding state, and the plunger 64a is in a non-projecting state. In this case, an ON signal is transmitted to the microcomputer 100.

  The switch 64 has a leaf spring 64b that contacts the plunger 64a.

  The motor housing 2 is provided with a switch operation unit 4 that is exposed to the outer periphery of the motor housing 2 and can be operated by an operator and movable in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6. The switch operation unit 4 is provided inside the motor housing 2. The switch bar 4 a is connected to the switch bar 4 a extending in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6, and the switch bar 4 a is slidable in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6 together with the switch operation unit 4.

  A biasing force of a spring 4c provided between the motor housing 2 and the switch bar 4a is constantly acting on the switch bar 4a. A plunger 64a and a leaf spring 64b of the switch 64 are provided on the switch bar 4a on the rear side. The contact part 4b which contact | abuts via is provided.

  The switch operation unit 4 and the switch bar 4a are positioned on the rear side as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the biasing force of the spring 4c in the initial state. Thus, when the switch bar 4a is positioned on the rear side, the contact portion 4b is not in contact with the leaf spring 64b, the plunger 64a is in a protruding state, and the switch 64 outputs an OFF signal to the microcomputer 100. .

  When the operator operates the switch operation unit 4 from the state shown in FIG. 2 and slides the switch operation unit 4 and the switch bar 4a forward, the contact unit 4b contacts the plunger 64a via the leaf spring 64b, Move to non-protruding position. As a result, the switch 64 outputs an ON signal to the microcomputer 100, and the microcomputer 100 activates the brushless motor 5.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the motor housing 2 is provided with an engaging portion 2b for engaging with the switch operating portion 4 and maintaining the state in which the switch operating portion 4 is moved forward. That is, a configuration is provided in which a so-called on-lock mechanism that maintains the activated state of the motor 5 by placing the switch operation unit 4 in the engaged state with the engaging portion 2b is provided.

  The microcomputer 100 controls the start of the motor 5 by receiving a signal from the switch 64. However, since the microcomputer 100 has the above-described on-lock mechanism, after the power failure is restored after the power failure occurs in the on-lock state. When the power cord 3b is connected in the on-lock state, the motor 5 is provided with 0V release control that does not start.

  Specifically, the microcomputer 100 performs activation control shown in FIG.

  When the power cord 3b is connected or restored from a power failure, the microcomputer 100 is activated as shown in S1. Thereafter, the microcomputer 100 determines whether an OFF signal is received from the switch 64. If an OFF signal is received in S2, it is determined whether an ON signal is received in S3. If an ON signal is received, the process proceeds to S4 and the motor 5 is started.

  That is, when the microcomputer 100 is activated and an ON signal is received from the switch 64, the motor 5 is not activated without proceeding to S3. As a result, the motor 5 is prevented from starting unexpectedly when the power cord 3b is connected or when recovering from a power failure, and the grindstone 30 prevents the workpiece from being damaged.

  After the motor 5 is started, the energization to the motor 5 is maintained until the OFF signal is received in S5. When the ON signal is received, the energization to the motor 5 is stopped in S6.

  In this embodiment, since the switch 64 is directly mounted on the circuit board 60, the electrical connection between the switch 64 and the circuit board 60 can be easily performed, and the assemblability can be improved. Although the circuit board 60 can be divided, it is effective to mount the circuit board 60 on the same circuit board 60 as the microcomputer 100 and the inverter circuit 80 as the control unit in consideration of electrical connection. In consideration of the necessity of disposing the power supply circuit 70 requiring the most cooling on the upstream side of the cooling air, it is desirable to mount the switch 64 on the same circuit board 60 as the inverter circuit 80.

  Further, the switch 64 is arranged on the motor 5 side of the circuit board 60, so that other electrical components such as the inverter circuit 80 and the power supply circuit 70 do not block the contact of the switch bar 4a with the switch 64, and the switch 64 It is possible to change the switch 64 between the ON state and the OFF state without adding additional parts different from the bar 4a.

  In addition, since the leaf spring 64b is interposed between the plunger 64a and the contact portion 4b of the switch bar 4a, the operation direction of the plunger 64a and the operation direction of the contact portion 4b are orthogonal to each other. However, the plunger 64a can be smoothly operated by the operation of the contact portion 4b. In addition, it is good also as a structure which the switch operation part 4 contact | abuts directly with the plunger 64a, without providing the switch bar 4a. Even in this case, the operation direction of the switch operation part 4 and the operation direction of the plunger 64a are orthogonal. It is desirable to interpose the leaf spring 64b.

  Further, in the disc grinder as in the present embodiment, there is a possibility that iron powder may enter the inside of the housing, but the switch 64 is constituted by a micro switch that switches the output signal when the plunger 64a is projected and not projected. Even if iron powder penetrates in the vicinity of 64, the occurrence of malfunction due to iron powder can be suppressed.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, A various change is possible within the range which does not deviate from the meaning. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the grinder is used as an example of the electric tool 1. However, the electric tool 1 is not limited to the grinder, but can be applied to other electric tools in the same manner. For example, in a saver saw, a multi-cutter, a driver, and an impact driver Can be applied similarly.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric tool, 2 Motor housing, 2a rib, 2b Bearing holder part, 3 Rear cover, 3a Air window, 3b Power cord, 4 Switch operation part, 4a Switch bar, 4b Contact part, 5 Motor, 6 Rotating shaft, 6a, 6b Balancer, 7 Rotor, 8 Permanent magnet, 9 Stator, 10 Seal member, 11, 12 Insulator, 13 Coil, 14a, 14b Bearing, 15 Cooling fan, 16 Fan cover, 17 Speed change dial, 18 Sensor magnet, 20 Bearing holder, 20a Opening, 21 Gear case, 21b Through hole, 21c Through hole, 22, 23 Bevel gear, 24 Spindle, 25 Metal, 26 Bearing, 27 Spindle cover, 28 Mounting base, 30 Grinding stone, 31 Washer nut, 32 Wheel guard, 35 Commercial AC Power supply, 40 cases, 4 a Open face, 41a Front face, 41b Rear face, 41c, 41d Side face, 41e Bottom face, 42 Tube part, 42a, 42b Screw hole, 42c, 42d, 42e Screw, 43 Power cord holder, 44 Switch board holder, 45a, 45b Stepped portion, 46a Screw boss, 47 Guide rail portion, 60 Circuit board, 64 Switch, 64a Plunger, 64b Leaf spring, 65 Speed adjustment board, 66 Variable resistance, 68 Sensor board, 69 Rotation position detection element, 70 Power supply circuit, 71 Diode Bridge, 72 choke coil, 73 varistor, 75 smoothing circuit, 76 electrolytic capacitor, 78 resistor, 80 inverter circuit, 90 constant voltage power supply circuit, 91 IPD circuit, 92 regulator, 93 capacitor, 94 electrolytic capacitor, 96 diode, 100 arithmetic unit (My G), 102 Current detection resistor, Q1-Q6 switching element

Claims (10)

A motor,
An inverter circuit that has a plurality of switching elements and performs a switching operation to control driving of the motor;
A control unit for controlling the on or off operation of the switching element;
In a power tool having a circuit board on which the switching element is mounted,
An electric tool characterized in that a switch for switching an output signal to the control unit by an operator's operation is provided on the circuit board.   2. The electric tool according to claim 1, wherein the switch is a micro switch having a plunger that switches between a protruding state and a non-projecting state, and that switches an output signal in accordance with the position of the plunger. It has a switch operation unit that can be operated by the operator,
The electric tool according to claim 2, wherein the state of the plunger is switched in conjunction with an operation of the switch operation unit.   4. The electric motor according to claim 3, wherein an operation direction of the switch operation portion and an operation direction of the plunger are orthogonal to each other, and a leaf spring is provided between the switch operation portion and the plunger. tool. A motor housing that houses the motor;
A rear cover for accommodating the circuit board;
The power tool according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the switch operation unit is provided in the motor housing.   The power tool according to claim 5, wherein an operation direction of the switch operation unit is a direction parallel to a rotation axis of the motor.   6. The electric tool according to claim 5, wherein the control circuit, the rectifier circuit, and the smoothing circuit are mounted on the circuit board, and the switch is located on the motor side of the circuit board.   The electric tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a cooling fan is attached to the motor to generate cooling air that flows on the circuit board and flows into the motor housing when rotating. .   The said control part does not start the said motor, even if it receives the output signal which shows starting the said motor from the said switch at the time of starting of the said control part, The motor is any one of Claims 1-8 characterized by the above-mentioned. The electric tool described. A motor housing that houses the motor;
An inverter circuit connected to the motor housing and having a plurality of switching elements to control the driving of the motor by performing a switching operation, a control unit for controlling on / off operation of the switching elements, a circuit board on which the switching elements are mounted, In a power tool having a rear cover that houses a switch for switching an output signal to the control unit,
An electric tool characterized in that the switch is provided on the circuit board, and an operation portion for operating the switch is provided in the motor housing.