JP2017008654A - Ventilation path opening/closing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation path opening/closing structure that prevents water from entering an underfloor space without water entry to foundation packing even if the water enters from a water drip.SOLUTION: An opening/closing structure of the ventilation path VR is formed between an underfloor space U and an outdoor O through foundation packing 3 with a vent hole 31 provided between a foundation 2 and a building structure 4. The ventilation path opening/closing structure 1 is characterized by: a draining member 6 is provided below an outer wall finishing material 5 mounted in the surface of the building structure 4; the draining member 6 is disposed from the basic packing 3 at intervals in the outdoor O side of the basic packing 3; a water absorptive volume expanding material 8 is installed in the back side space of the draining member 6 serving as the front side of the basic packing 3; the ventilation path VR can be closed when this water absorptive volume expansion material 8 expands; and a space S enabling the ventilation path VR to be opened is formed when not expanded.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation path opening / closing structure.

Conventionally, in order to ensure the durability of a building, the underfloor space is ventilated so that moisture rising from the ground is not retained. Examples of the method for ventilating the underfloor space include a method in which air is taken in and out from a draining member using a basic packing.
As shown in Patent Document 1, a ventilation base wheel (hereinafter referred to as a foundation packing) is arranged between the foundation and the building along the outer periphery of the building to ventilate the air inside the foundation. The basic packing is provided with a plurality of vents that connect the underfloor space and the outside.
Further, a draining member is provided on the outer side of the foundation packing so that rainwater or the like does not enter from the foundation packing.

JP 2008-31698 A

However, the draining described in Patent Document 1 plays a role in avoiding rain to prevent water from entering from above and from the side. For example, not only rain like a typhoon but strong wind blows and the wind blows up near the foundation. In such cases, it is not possible to sufficiently prevent water from entering when the floor is flooded.
In addition, since nothing is provided in the space from the draining member to the foundation packing to prevent water from entering, the entered water further enters the space under the floor from the vent of the foundation packing as it is.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, Even if water infiltrates into the back surface side of a draining member, it aims at not making water infiltrate into an underfloor space without water infiltrating to a foundation packing.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, 5, is a foundation packing 3 with a vent 31 provided between the foundation 2 and the building frame 4. In the open / close structure of the ventilation path VR formed between the underfloor space U and the outdoor O, a draining member 6 is provided below the outer wall finishing material 5 attached to the surface of the building housing 4, and the draining The member 6 is disposed on the outdoor O side of the foundation packing 3 at a distance from the foundation packing 3, and in the back space of the draining member 6, which is the front side of the foundation packing 3, a water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is provided, and a space S is formed so that the ventilation path VR can be closed when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands, and the ventilation path VR can be opened when it does not expand. To do.

According to invention of Claim 1, the ventilation path formed between the underfloor space U and the outdoor O through the foundation packing 3 with the ventilation hole 31 provided between the foundation 2 and the building frame 4 In the VR opening and closing structure, a draining member 6 is provided below the outer wall finishing material 5 attached to the surface of the building housing 4, and the draining member 6 is spaced from the foundation packing 3 on the outdoor O side of the foundation packing 3. The water absorbing volume expansion material 8 is installed in the back surface space of the draining member 6 that is disposed on the front side of the foundation packing 3, and the ventilation path VR can be closed when the water absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands. Since the space S that allows the ventilation path VR to be opened when it does not expand is formed, the water absorption volume expansion material 8 is provided in the ventilation path VR, and water enters the back side of the draining member 6. Even though, the ventilation path V Absorbent volume expansion member 8 can be prevented that water enters into the vent hole 31 of the basic packing 3 so that water in the.
Further, since the space S is formed that is blocked when the water-absorbing volume expanding material 8 absorbs water and expands, the amount of water that the water-absorbing volume expanding material 8 can absorb water is temporarily exceeded. Even when water absorption or expansion is impossible, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 itself can block the space S and block ventilation.
For this reason, even if a large amount of water enters the back surface side of the draining member 6, it is possible to prevent water from entering the vent hole 31.
As described above, even if water enters the back surface side of the draining member 6, the water does not enter the foundation packing 3, and the underfloor space U can be prevented from entering.

  The invention according to claim 2 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in the ventilation path opening / closing structure 1 according to claim 1, the water-absorbing volume expansion member 8 is extended in the extending direction of the draining member 6. It is a long member arranged along the line, and absorbs water by water immersion and expands in the space S.

According to the invention described in claim 2, the water-absorbing volume expansion member 8 is a long member that is arranged without a break along the extending direction of the draining member 6, and absorbs water by immersion and is in the space S. Since it expand | swells, when it absorbs water and expand | swells, the space S inside the draining member 6 can be obstruct | occluded seamlessly.
For this reason, it is possible to more reliably prevent water from entering without allowing water to enter even from a slight gap in the space S. For example, even when a building is inundated such as a flood, it is possible to more reliably prevent water from entering the underfloor space U.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 is provided in the space S in the ventilation path opening / closing structure 1 according to the first or second aspect. Of these, the air flow path VR is attached at a position where the air flow path VR can be opened as the volume shrinks with drying after absorbing water and expanding.

According to the invention described in claim 3, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is located in the space S at a position where the ventilation path VR can be opened as the volume shrinks with drying after absorbing water and expanding. Since it is attached, the expanded water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 can be dried and contracted to open the space S so as to allow ventilation.
For this reason, when water permeates into the back side of the draining member 6, the space S is blocked so that the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands and water does not enter the vent holes 31 of the foundation packing 3. Can block ventilation.
Moreover, when water does not permeate into the back surface side of the draining member 6, the volume of the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 shrinks as it dries, and the space S can be opened to allow ventilation.
That is, the space S can be appropriately opened or closed depending on the weather conditions.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the invention described in claim 4 is the ventilation path opening / closing structure 1 according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the back surface of the draining member 6 is A small section C is provided in a part of the ventilation path VR, and the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is installed inside the small section C.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the small section C is provided in a part of the ventilation path VR on the back surface of the draining member 6, and the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is installed inside the small section C. By expanding, the inside of the small section C is filled, and the space S can be more reliably closed to block ventilation and prevent water from entering.

  In the vent path opening / closing structure 1 according to any one of claims 1 to 4, for example, as shown in FIGS. 131b is provided, and the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is provided on the base packing 3 side with respect to the rising surfaces 112 and 131b.

According to the invention described in claim 5, since the small sections C are provided with the rising surfaces 112, 131c, and the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is provided on the base packing 3 side with respect to the rising surfaces 112, 131c. The rising surfaces 112 and 131b can first prevent water from entering, and the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 can prevent water from entering the rising surfaces 112 and 131c that cannot be prevented.
For this reason, it is possible to prevent water from entering more reliably.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the vent path opening / closing structure 1 according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the drainage member 6 is provided with the vent path VR. A closing plate 72 that closes is provided, and the closing plate 72 closes the ventilation path VR when the water-absorbing expansion material 8 expands, and opens the ventilation path VR so that the ventilation path VR can be vented when the volume shrinks with drying. It is characterized by that.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the draining member 6 is provided with the closing plate 72 that closes the ventilation path VR, and the closing plate 72 blocks the ventilation path VR by the expansion of the water absorbent expansion material 8. Then, when the volume shrinks with drying, the ventilation path VR is opened so as to allow ventilation, so that the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 has a higher water-stopping property than the space S and the space S can be reliably closed.

  According to the present invention, even if water enters the back surface side of the draining member, water does not enter the basic packing, and the underfloor space can be prevented from being immersed.

a) It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the ventilation path opening / closing structure (at the time of opening) which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. b) It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the ventilation path opening / closing structure (at the time of interruption | blocking) which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view which showed the basic packing which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. a) It is the perspective view which showed the water absorbing volume expansion material (at the time of shrinkage | contraction) which concerns on 1st-3rd embodiment of this invention. b) It is the perspective view which showed the water absorbing volume expansion material (at the time of expansion | swelling) which concerns on 2nd, 3rd embodiment of this invention. c) It is the perspective view which showed the water absorbing volume expansion material (at the time of expansion | swelling) which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. a) It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the ventilation path opening / closing structure (at the time of opening) which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. b) It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the ventilation path opening / closing structure (at the time of interruption | blocking) which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. a) It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the ventilation path opening / closing structure (at the time of opening) which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. b) It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the ventilation path opening / closing structure (at the time of interruption | blocking) which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are provided with various technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples. Absent.

In 1st Embodiment of this invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 is arrange | positioned along the outer periphery of the building 10 on this foundation 2 which receives the load of the building 10 provided in the ground. Foundation packing 3 having a vent 31, a building frame 4 that ensures the structural strength of the building 10, an outer wall finishing material 5 attached to the surface of the building frame 4, and a drainer provided below the outer wall finishing material 5 And a member 6.
The ventilation path opening / closing structure 1 is applied to such a building 10.
The ventilation path opening / closing structure 1 includes a closing portion 7 attached to the draining member 6, a water absorbing volume expanding material 8 provided between the blocking portion 7 and the draining member 6, and the water absorbing volume expanding material 8 expanding. In this case, a rising surface 9 that comes into contact with the closing portion 7 is provided.
In addition, the ventilation path opening / closing structure 1 is formed with a ventilation path VR that leads from the outdoor O to the underfloor space U through the back space of the draining member 6 and the ventilation holes of the foundation packing 3. A space S from the back surface side of the draining member 6 to the outside of the foundation packing 3 is formed in the ventilation path VR. In this space S, a small section C which is the inside of the draining member 6 is formed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the foundation packing 3 is disposed between the foundation 2 and the building frame 4 along the extending direction of the foundation 2.
The base packing 3 has a long rectangular plate shape, and is formed such that a plurality of vent holes 31 provided in a direction extending to the building 10 penetrate from the outside to the inside of the building 10.
The vent 31 is formed such that the opening at both ends gradually increases in diameter toward the tip (outside and inside of the building 10), and the effective ventilation area of the opening is 300 cm 2 per 4 m of the length of the basic packing 3. That is all. As a result, a necessary and sufficient amount of ventilation can be secured.

In addition, a plurality of (for example, four) through-holes 32 penetrating vertically are formed in the foundation packing 3 at predetermined intervals in the extending direction. The through-hole 32 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and an anchor bolt protruding from the foundation 2 is inserted therethrough.
A part of the plurality of vent holes 31 penetrates between adjacent through holes 32, and the rest communicates with the through holes 32 so that ventilation can be performed through the through holes 32.
The foundation packing 3 is provided with a plurality of nail holes 33 through which nails for fixing the foundation packing 3 to the foundation 2 are inserted. The nail hole 33 is formed between the adjacent through holes 32.

As shown in FIG. 1, the draining member 6 is a metal member obtained by bending a metal flat plate, and at the lower end portion of the building housing 4, a fixed portion 61 that is abutted and fixed along the outer periphery of the building 10, and the building housing 4 is provided with an extending portion 62 that extends outward from the lower end of 4, and a vertical portion 63 that is bent vertically downward from the tip of the extending portion 62.
Further, the draining member 6 is provided below the outer wall finishing material 5 and the extension portion 62 and the vertical portion 63 cover the space between the foundation 2 and the building frame 4 from above and from the side. When the rainwater sprayed on the outer wall finishing material 5 flows down through the outer wall finishing material 5, the rainwater flows through the extending portion 62 and the vertical portion 63 to the ground. Further, since rainwater that should be sprayed on the foundation packing 3 is blocked by the vertical portion 63, it is difficult for water to enter the back side of the draining member 6.

The closing portion 7 includes a mounting plate 71 attached to the back surface of the vertical portion 63 of the draining member 6, a closing plate 72 that comes into contact with the rising surface 9 when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands, and the closing plate 72 and the mounting portion And a hinge 73 that rotatably connects the plate 71.
Further, the closing portion 7 is provided so that the lower end of the mounting plate 71 is substantially at the same position as the lower end of the vertical portion 63, a hinge 73 is provided at the lower end, and one end of the closing plate 72 is attached to the hinge 73. The other end of the closing plate 72 is a free end that is not fixed to either. The blocking plate 72 has a plurality of water holes 72a.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is a long nonwoven fabric bag body that is arranged without any break along the extending direction of the draining member 6, and swells when it absorbs water. A bag 81 encloses a water-absorbing polymer 82 whose volume expands.
Further, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is provided with gussets 83 for increasing and decreasing the capacity at a plurality of locations of the bag 81 containing the water-absorbing polymer 82, and depending on the position and size of the gusset 83, When the conductive polymer 82 swells, the gusset 83 spreads and is designed to have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape or a substantially triangular prism shape.
In addition, the water-absorbing polymer 82 has a sustained release property, and after absorbing water, gradually releases moisture to the atmosphere, so that after rain stops, it is in a state before swelling within a few days. Return.

Further, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is provided with an adhesive sheet having an adhesive surface (not shown) on both sides of the bag 81, and one of the adhesive surfaces and the back surface of the vertical portion 63 are bonded to each other and attached to the draining member 6. The other adhesive surface and the closing plate 72 are bonded together and attached to the closing portion 7.
For this reason, when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 absorbs water and expands in volume, or thereafter shrinks with drying, the closing plate 72 whose other end is a free end rotates around the hinge 73 as a rotation axis. It is supposed to be.
Further, as the water-absorbing polymer 82, polyacrylate, polysulfonate, maleate anhydride, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyaspartate, polyglutamate, polyglutamate, Alginate-based, starch-based, cellulose-based and the like can be used.

The rising surface 9 is a metal member obtained by bending a metal flat plate, and includes a fixing portion 91 fixed to the upper surface of the foundation 2 along the outer periphery of the building 10, and a draining member 6 side (outside of the building 10) from the fixing portion 91. ) And a plate receiving surface 93 that bends from the tip of the protrusion 92 toward the base packing 3 side (inside the building 10) by about 45 °. The plate receiving surface 93 is a surface that receives the rotating closing plate 72 when the closing plate 72 rotates and contacts the rising surface 9 when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands. When the plate receiving surface 93 receives the closing plate 72, the closing plate 72 is received so as to protrude from the plate receiving surface 93 toward the base packing 3 side.
Further, the angle of the plate receiving surface 93 is set so that the entire surface of the plate receiving surface 93 comes into contact with the closing plate 72 when receiving the closing plate 72. That is, in the first embodiment, the plate receiving surface 93 is bent about 90 ° from the protruding portion 92. However, if the angle of the plate receiving surface 93 is adjusted so that the hinge 73 is positioned on the extension line of the plate receiving surface 93. Well, it is not limited to 90 °.
Further, in order to increase the water stoppage between the closing plate 72 and the plate receiving surface 93, a configuration may be adopted in which butyl tape is attached to both or one of the contact surfaces of the closing plate 72 and the plate receiving surface 93.

In 1st Embodiment of the structure mentioned above, when water enters into the back side of the draining member 6, an intrusion path is interrupted a little by the protrusion part 92 which protrudes on 45 degree outer side upwards. And the water which was not obstruct | occluded will be interrupted | blocked by the obstruction | occlusion board 72 located immediately next.
At this time, the blocked water passes through a water passage hole 72 a provided in the blocking plate 72 and is absorbed by the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 disposed on the back side.
Then, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 absorbs water and expands, the closing plate 72 gradually approaches the rising surface 9, and finally the closing plate 72 comes into contact with the plate receiving surface 93.
Thus, when there is a risk of water intrusion, the protrusion 92 and the blocking plate 72 block the ventilation path VR in the small section C.
Thereafter, when the water intrusion disappears, the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 shrinks as it dries, and the closing plate 72 is gradually separated from the plate receiving surface 93, so that the ventilation path VR is opened so as to allow ventilation. It will be.

  (1) As described above, in the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, an underfloor space U is provided via a foundation packing 3 with a vent 31 provided between the foundation 2 and the building frame 4. In the open / close structure of the ventilation path VR formed between the outer wall O and the outdoor O, a draining member 6 is provided below the outer wall finishing material 5 attached to the surface of the building housing 4. A water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is disposed on the outdoor O side of the packing 3 at a distance from the foundation packing 3 and in the back surface space of the draining member 6 which is the front side of the foundation packing 3. It is assumed that a space S is formed in which the ventilation path VR can be closed when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands, and when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 does not expand, the ventilation path VR can be opened.

In this way, since the water absorbing volume expansion material 8 is provided in the ventilation path VR, the water absorbing volume expansion material 8 absorbs water in the ventilation path VR even if water enters the back side of the draining member 6. Therefore, it is possible to prevent water from entering the vent hole 31 of the base packing 3.
Further, since the space S is formed that is blocked when the water-absorbing volume expanding material 8 absorbs water and expands, the amount of water that the water-absorbing volume expanding material 8 can absorb water is temporarily exceeded. Even when water absorption or expansion is impossible, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 itself can block the space S and block ventilation.
For this reason, even if a large amount of water enters the back surface side of the draining member 6, it is possible to prevent water from entering the vent hole 31.
As described above, even if water enters the back surface side of the draining member 6, the water does not enter the foundation packing 3, and the underfloor space U can be prevented from entering.

(2) Further, in the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is a long piece that is arranged without a break along the extending direction of the draining member 6. It is a member that absorbs water by immersion and expands in the space S.
By carrying out like this, when it absorbs water and expand | swells, the space S inside the draining member 6 can be obstruct | occluded seamlessly.
For this reason, it is possible to more reliably prevent water from entering without allowing water to enter even from a slight gap in the space S. For example, even when the building 10 is inundated such as a flood, it is possible to more reliably prevent water from entering the underfloor space U.

(3) In the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 absorbs water and expands in the space S, and then shrinks in volume with drying. The vent path VR is attached at a position where the vent path VR can be opened.
By doing so, the expanded water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 can be dried and contracted to open the space S so as to allow ventilation.
For this reason, when water permeates into the back side of the draining member 6, the space S is blocked so that the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands and water does not enter the vent holes 31 of the foundation packing 3. Can block ventilation.
Moreover, when water does not permeate into the back surface side of the draining member 6, the volume of the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 shrinks as it dries, and the space S can be opened to allow ventilation.
That is, the space S can be appropriately opened or closed depending on the weather conditions.

(4) In the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a small section C is provided in a part of the ventilation path VR on the back surface of the draining member 6. The water absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 was installed.
By carrying out like this, it will be in the state with which the inside of the small division C was filled up by the water absorptive volume expansion material 8 expanding | swelling, can block | close the space S more reliably, can interrupt | block ventilation | gas_flowing, and can prevent permeation of water.

(5) In the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the draining member 6 is provided with a closing plate 72 that closes the ventilation path VR. When the volume expansion member 8 expands, the ventilation path VR is closed, and when the volume shrinks with drying, the ventilation path VR is opened so as to allow ventilation.
By doing so, it is possible to reliably close the space S with a higher water-stopping property than to close the space S with the water absorbent volume expansion material 8.

(6) In the first embodiment, the water-absorbing polymer 82 has sustained release properties.
In this way, when it rains, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 swells and the closing plate 72 abuts the plate receiving surface 93 to block the ventilation of the space S, but when the rain stops, it dries within a few days. At the same time, the closing plate 72 is separated from the plate receiving surface 93 to open the space S so as to be able to ventilate, and the ventilation with the underfloor space U can be resumed.
That is, when priority is given to waterproofing and water stopping such as rain, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 swells to exert waterproofing and water-stopping effects. The material 8 can be contracted to provide a switching function that exhibits a ventilation effect.
Therefore, a manual operation for opening and closing the shutter of the space S according to the weather is unnecessary, and the ventilation of the space S can be automatically opened and closed according to the weather.

(7) In the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 includes a water-absorbing polymer 82, and examples of the water-absorbing polymer 82 include polyacrylate salts, Polysulfonate, maleic anhydride, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyaspartate, polyglutamate, polyalginate, starch, cellulose, etc. can be used. It was supposed to be.
By doing so, a highly versatile material can be used as the water-absorbing polymer 82, design changes can be easily performed, and the invention can be implemented at low cost.

(8) In the first embodiment, the closing plate 72 is provided with a plurality of water passage holes 72a.
In this way, water that enters the space S can be efficiently absorbed by the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 on the back side of the closing plate 72.
For this reason, as soon as water begins to enter the space S, the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 can be expanded, and the closing plate 72 can be brought into contact with the plate receiving surface 93 as soon as possible to block the ventilation of the space S. it can.

(9) In the first embodiment, the rising surface 9 includes the plate receiving surface 93, and the angle is set such that the entire surface of the plate receiving surface 93 contacts the closing plate 72.
By doing so, the blocking plate 72 can be blocked well compared to the case where the blocking plate 72 abuts against the tip of the protruding portion 92 and blocks the ventilation of the space S. Further, since the entire surface of the plate receiving surface 93 is in contact with the closing plate 72, the ventilation of the space can be more reliably blocked.

(10) In the first embodiment, the protruding portion 92 protrudes upward by 45 ° toward the outside of the building 10.
By doing so, the distance dimension from the tip of the protrusion 92 to the vertical part 63 is shorter than the distance dimension between the outer peripheral surface of the foundation 2 and the vertical part 63 of the draining member 6, and water enters the space S. Can be suppressed.
Further, the water sprayed from below onto the projecting portion 92 can be bounced back to the water passage hole 72a of the blocking plate 72, and the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 can be expanded even more efficiently. Can be cut off.

In 2nd Embodiment of this invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the building 10 is the foundation 2 provided in a ground, The foundation packing 3 mounted along this outer periphery of the building 10 on this foundation 2, The building housing 4 mounted on the foundation packing 3, the outer wall finishing material 5 attached to the surface of the building housing 4, and the draining member 6 provided at a distance from the foundation packing 3 below the outer wall finishing material 5. And.
The vent path opening / closing structure 1 includes a storage tank 11 provided between the base packing 3 and the draining member 6, a water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 provided in the storage tank 11, and a draining unit above the storage tank 11. And a hanging part 12 provided to hang from the member 6.

The storage tank 11 is a metal member provided along the outer periphery of the building 10, and includes a bottom 111 that partially protrudes horizontally from the foundation 2 to the outside of the building 10, and a rising that rises vertically upward from the tip of the bottom 111. A surface 112 and a rising 113 provided vertically upward from the other end of the bottom 111 inside the building 10 from the rising surface 112.
Further, the bottom 111 protrudes from the foundation 2 but protrudes with a gap N between the vertical portion 63 of the draining member 6, and water is allowed to pass through the protruding portion 8 to the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8. A plurality of holes 111a are provided.
Further, the rising 112 is provided with a plurality of drain ports 112a that can discharge water along the extending direction.
In addition, since a part of the bottom 111 protrudes from the foundation 2, the gap N between the foundation 2 and the vertical portion 63 is reduced, and a horizontal surface such as a return is provided near the bottom 2 of the bottom 111. . In addition, since the rising 112 is provided, even if rainwater enters from the gap N, the rising 112 is blocked.
For this reason, even if it has entered beyond the rising 112, the storage tank 11 is formed at the point beyond the rising 112, so that water is stored there.

The hanging part 12 extends from the extending part 62 of the draining member 6 above the storage tank 11 and along the center line in the extending direction of the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8. Specifically, it is a metal member that hangs down to a position above the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 and lower than the upper ends of the rising portions 112 and 113.
That is, when the dimensions of the rising parts 112 and 113 and the hanging part 12 are combined, the dimension between the foundation 2 and the building frame 4 is the same or longer.
That is, when water enters from between the vertical portion 63 and the rising 112, the water that jumps over the storage tank 11 hits the hanging part 12 and falls to the lower storage tank 11.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4 b), when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 swells, the water-absorption volume expansion material 8 comes into contact with the hanging portion 12. That is, the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 is in a state where the lower part is bonded to the bottom 111 and the upper part is pressed against the hanging part 12.
For this reason, when the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 swells, there is no path for water to enter deeper (inside the building 10) than the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8.
That is, even if the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 exceeds the amount of water absorption, the water-absorption volume expansion material 8 plays a role like a sandbag that dams water at that stage.
Further, the water that falls downward by the hanging part 12 falls outside the water absorbent volume expansion material 8, and therefore does not enter inside the water absorption volume expansion material 8.
In addition, after the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 swells, the water dammed to the water-absorption volume expansion material 8 in the storage tank 11 is drained from a drain port 112 a provided at the rising 112.
After that, if the rain stops, the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 gradually releases the absorbed water to the atmosphere, so that it gradually shrinks with drying and separates from the hanging part 12, and the space S can be vented again. Become.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the same operational effects as the first embodiment (1) to (4), (6), (7) can be obtained, and the following other operational effects. Can be played.
(11) In the second embodiment, the hanging part 12 extends from the extending part 62 of the draining member 6 above the storage tank 11 and along the center line in the extending direction of the water-absorbing volume expanding material 8. It was.
By doing so, when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 absorbs water and expands, the lower end of the hanging part 12 is pressed along the center line in the extending direction of the bag 81.
For this reason, the water absorbing volume expansion material 8 and the hanging part 12 can be made to adhere | attach reliably, and ventilation | gas_flowing of the space S can be interrupted | blocked reliably.

(12) In the second embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the space S is provided with a rising 112 that rises from below the space S, and the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material is closer to the base packing 3 than the rising 112. 8 was provided.
By doing so, it is possible to prevent water from entering the inside of the rising 62, and further, since the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is located inside the rising 112, the intrusion of water to the inside of the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is prevented. It can prevent well.

(13) In the second embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the space S is provided with a hanging part 12 that hangs down from above the space S, and a water absorbing volume is provided below the hanging part 12. The expansion material 8 was provided.
In this way, even when there is a gap N1 above the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8, by providing the hanging portion 12 above the water-absorption volume expansion material 8, for example, above the water absorption volume expansion material 8 It is possible to prevent water from jumping over and entering.
Further, when the water stopped by the hanging part 12 flows down along the hanging part 12, the water absorbent volume expansion material 8 is below the hanging part 12, so that the water absorbing volume expansion material 8 immediately absorbs water. can do.

(14) Further, in the second embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a storage tank 11 for storing infiltrated water is provided in the space S, and the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is provided in the storage tank 11. It was supposed to be provided.
By carrying out like this, the water which infiltrated can be accommodated in the storage tank 11, and the accommodated water can be absorbed with the water absorbing volume expansion material 8. FIG.

(15) In the second embodiment, the drain port 112a is provided below the rising 112.
By doing so, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 swells and closes the space between the bottom 111 and the hanging part 12, and the water blocked by the storage tank 11 can be drained from the drain port 112a.

(16) In the second embodiment, an adhesive surface is provided on one surface of the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8.
By doing so, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 can be positioned and fixed at a suitable position of the storage tank 11, and when the water-absorption volume expansion material 8 swells, the space between the bottom 111 and the hanging portion 12 is surely secured. It is possible to block the water and reliably dam the water in the storage tank 11.

(17) In the second embodiment, the bottom 111 of the storage tank 11 partially protrudes from the foundation 2.
By doing so, not only the width of the gap N becomes narrow, but also a horizontal plane can be constructed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the foundation 2.
For this reason, for example, when there is no horizontal plane, if raindrops struck on the outer peripheral surface of the foundation 2 bounce, it will enter the gap N as it is, but since the horizontal plane is provided, the bounced raindrops will be hindered by the horizontal plane. Therefore, intrusion into the gap N can be reduced.

(18) In the second embodiment, the water passage hole 111a is provided in the bottom 111 to which the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 is bonded.
By doing so, water hitting the lower surface of the bottom 111 passes through the water passage hole 111 a and is absorbed by the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 bonded to the upper surface of the bottom 111.
For this reason, the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 can efficiently absorb water, and when a factor causing water to enter the space S occurs, the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 can quickly expand and block the ventilation of the space S.

In 3rd Embodiment of this invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the building 10 is the foundation 2 provided in the ground, The foundation packing 3 mounted along this outer periphery of the building 10 on this foundation 2, The building housing 4 mounted on the foundation packing 3, the outer wall finishing material 5 attached to the surface of the building housing 4, and the draining member 6 provided at a distance from the foundation packing 3 below the outer wall finishing material 5. And.
Further, the ventilation path opening / closing structure 1 includes a water absorbing volume expansion member 8 provided inside the draining member 6, a hanging part 12 that hangs vertically downward from the inside of the extending part 62 of the draining member 6, and the hanging part 12. , And a blocking portion 13 provided below.

The blocking unit 13 includes a storage unit 131 that stores the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 and a blocking member 132 that blocks ventilation of the space S attached to the storage unit 131.
The accommodating portion 131 is a metal member having a substantially L-shaped cross section that extends along the outer periphery of the building 10, and rises vertically upward from a mounting plate 131 a attached to the upper surface of the foundation 2 and the tip of the mounting plate 131 a. And a rising surface 131b.
The water absorbing volume expansion material 8 is bonded to the mounting plate 131a in the vicinity of the rising surface 131b. A plurality of water passage holes 131 c for receiving water to the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 are provided at locations where the water-absorbing volumetric expansion material 8 is disposed.

The blocking member 132 is a metal member extending along the accommodating portion 131, and a blocking plate that blocks the ventilation of the space S by contacting the fixing plate 132 a attached to the upper surface of the mounting plate 131 a and the hanging portion 12. 132b, and a hinge 132c that rotatably connects the fixed plate 132a and the blocking plate 132b.
The fixed plate 132a is attached so that the hinge 132c is disposed substantially directly below the hanging part 12. And the water absorbing volume expansion material 8 is adhere | attached on the surface by the side of the accommodating part 131, and the water blocking volume expansion material 8 expand | swells and is pushed up, and the interruption | blocking board 132b droops by rotating around the hinge 132c. It comes into contact with the portion 12.
Moreover, in order to improve the water-stopping property of the shielding plate 132b and the hanging part 12, it is good also as a structure which affixes a butyl tape to both or any one of the contact surfaces of the shielding plate 132b and the hanging part 12.

As described above, in the third embodiment, (1) to (4), (6), (7) of the first embodiment and (12), (13), (18) of the second embodiment. In addition, the following operational effects can be achieved.
(19) In the third embodiment, a blocking plate 132b that is rotatable about the hinge 132c is bonded to the water absorbent volume expansion member 8, and the water absorption volume expansion member 8 expands or contracts and the block plate 132b It was assumed that this rotation was restricted by the hanging part 12.
By doing so, the rotated blocking plate 132b can come into contact with the hanging portion 12 and block the ventilation of the space S.

(20) Moreover, in 3rd Embodiment, the water absorbing volume expansion material 8 shall be provided in the outdoor O side rather than the interruption | blocking board 132b.
By doing so, for example, even when a large amount of water such as a flood is about to enter the underfloor space U, the same direction as the direction in which the water-absorbent volume expansion material 8 presses the blocking plate 131b against the hanging part 12 Therefore, once the blocking plate 131b comes into contact with the hanging part 12 to block the ventilation of the space S, there is no possibility that the blocking of the space S is released even if a large amount of water is pushed in, The ventilation of the space S can be reliably blocked.

As described above, the present invention has been specifically described based on the first to third embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be changed without departing from the gist thereof. .
In the first to third embodiments, the adhesive surface is provided on the water-absorbing volume expansion member 8, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the positioning may be fixed with a nail or a screw instead of the adhesive surface.

In the second embodiment, the drain port 112a is provided at the lower part of the rising 112. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the drain port may be provided at the bottom 111 protruding from the foundation 2.
Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment, although the draining member 6 and the storage tank 11 were made into the metal member, you may use not only this but resin raw material carbon fiber etc., for example.

In the first to third embodiments, the water-absorbing volume expansion member 8 is provided in the small space C that is the inside of the draining member 6. The water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 may be provided directly on the O side.
By doing so, it is possible to prevent water from entering the underfloor space U with a simple configuration.

  Further, when the water-absorbing volume expansion material 8 expands, it has a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a triangular prism shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Any one is acceptable.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilation path opening-closing structure 2 Foundation 3 Foundation packing 4 Building frame 5 Exterior wall finishing material 6 Drainage member 7 Blocking part 8 Water-absorbing volume expansion material 9 Standing surface 10 Building 11 Reservoir 12 Dropping part 13 Blocking part 31 Vent hole 32 Through-hole 33 Nail hole 61 Fixing portion 62 Extension portion 63 Vertical portion 71 Mounting plate 72 Blocking plate 72a Water passage hole 73 Hinge 81 Bag 82 Water absorbent polymer 83 Gazette 91 Fixing portion 92 Protruding portion 93 Plate receiving surface 111 Bottom 111a Water passage hole 112 Standing up Surface 112a Drain port 131 Accommodating portion 131a Mounting plate 131b Standing surface 131b Blocking plate 131c Blocking hole 132 Blocking member 132a Fixing plate 132b Blocking plate 132c Hinge C Subdivision N Clearance O Outdoor S Space U Underfloor space VR Ventilation path

Claims (6)

In the opening and closing structure of the ventilation path formed between the underfloor space and the outdoors via the foundation packing with ventilation holes provided between the foundation and the building frame,
A draining member is provided below the outer wall finishing material attached to the surface of the building frame,
The draining member is arranged on the outdoor side of the foundation packing, spaced from the foundation packing,
In the back space of the draining member on the front side of the base packing, a water absorbing volume expansion material is installed, and when the water absorbing volume expansion material expands, the ventilation path can be closed, and when the expansion does not expand, A ventilation path opening and closing structure, characterized in that a space that allows the ventilation path to be opened is formed. The ventilation path opening / closing structure according to claim 1,
The water-absorbing volume expansion material is a long member that is disposed without a break along the extending direction of the draining member, and absorbs water by water immersion and expands in the space. . The ventilation path opening / closing structure according to claim 1 or 2,
The air-absorbing volumetric expansion material is attached to a position in the space where the airflow path can be opened as the volume shrinks with drying after absorbing water and expanding. Opening and closing structure. In the ventilation path opening and closing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A small section is provided in a part of the ventilation path on the back surface of the draining member,
A ventilation path opening / closing structure, wherein the water-absorbing volume expansion material is installed inside the small compartment. In the ventilation path opening and closing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The small section is provided with a rising surface,
Ventilation path opening and closing structure characterized in that the water-absorbing volume expansion material is provided on the base packing side with respect to the rising surface. In the ventilation path opening and closing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The draining member is provided with a closing plate for closing the ventilation path,
The air closing path opening / closing structure, wherein the closing plate closes the air passage when the water-absorbing inflating material expands, and opens the air passage so that the air passage can be vented when the volume shrinks with drying.

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