JP2024068084A - Building flood prevention device and building - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] In preparation for flood damage, which has become frequent in recent years in various regions, a device for preventing flooding into buildings from ventilation function parts around the building foundation, such as a base gutter with rat-proof ventilation holes, is provided. [Solution] The building flooding prevention device prevents flooding into the building from the ventilation holes 2a, etc. by fixing waterproof members 4 to the base gutter 2, etc. with fixing members 5, etc., for blocking the ventilation holes 2a of the base gutter 2 with rat-proof ventilation holes, the ventilation holes 9a of the rat-proof member 9, and the ventilation function part 10a of the foundation packing 10 equipped with a rat-proof ventilation function part. [Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a building flood prevention device and a building.

Measures to prevent flood damage from around foundation drains of buildings equipped with rat-proof ventilation hole foundation drains and rat-proof components with ventilation holes are not widespread.
Conventionally, measures to prevent flood damage to buildings that use a foundation packing system have included piling sandbags around the building, installing water-stopping panels (Patent Document 1), and special foundation drains equipped with components that float on water (Patent Document 2).

JP 2018-096114 A Patent No. 6534605

However, even if water-stopping panels are installed, they cannot prevent water from entering a building if the water exceeds the height of the panels.
In addition, in the case of foundation guttering, which uses a floating component to close rodent-proof ventilation holes, the replacement work for the foundation guttering in an existing building requires a considerable amount of installation costs.

As a result, even if people are concerned about the recent frequent flood damage to buildings and would like to introduce flood prevention measures for buildings using foundation packing methods, they are hesitant to do so due to the cost and construction required, and it seems that little progress has been made in preventing flooding through foundation drainage ventilation holes, rat-proofing components, etc.

Water most often enters buildings through ventilation holes around the foundations and base of the building.
A document that supports this is "Architectural Hydraulics" (written by Kuwamura Hitoshi, published by Gihodo Publishing Co., Ltd.), which is also a textbook in the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Tokyo.
This document states that "the closer a flood point is to the ground and the larger the opening area, the more likely it is to cause indoor flooding (page 208)," and "when calculating the flooding from underfloor ventilation holes in a wooden building with a first floor floor area of 34.8 square meters and which has underfloor ventilation holes as required by law, it takes just over one minute for the interior of the building to reach the critical water level (1.0 meter above the floor). Depending on the resistance of the flood path, there may be a little more time left (page 213)," raising the issue of the importance of measures to prevent flooding from flood points near the first floor, i.e. foundation drainage ventilation holes, etc.

However, at present, the water ingress prevention devices used in rat-proof ventilation foundation drains and rat-proof components for existing buildings have not been made public, so effective measures have not been implemented.
Furthermore, given the recent state of flooding damage to buildings, there is a need to widely disseminate flood prevention devices for buildings that use foundation packing methods, so it was necessary to prioritize cost-effectiveness over functionality, develop a flood prevention device for buildings that does not require replacement work and is significantly cheaper than conventional devices.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and its main objective is to provide a building flood prevention device and a building that can easily implement measures to prevent flooding through ventilation holes, even in existing buildings.

In order to solve the above problem, one aspect of the present invention is a building flood prevention device that is attached to a partition member with multiple ventilation holes that is disposed in a gap between the foundation and base of a building or in an air passage connecting the gap to the outdoors, and includes a waterproof member that contacts the outdoor surface of the partition member where the multiple ventilation holes are open to block the multiple ventilation holes, and a fixing member that fixes the waterproof member to the partition member in a state where the waterproof member contacts the outdoor surface of the partition member to block the multiple ventilation holes.

In the above aspect, the partition member may be a partition portion of a base drain with ventilation holes that forms the air passage.

In the above embodiment, the partition member may be a rat-proof member with ventilation holes that is placed at the opening on the outdoor side of the gap.

In the above aspect, the fixing member may include a bolt that penetrates the partition member and the waterproofing member, and a nut that is attached to the bolt on the outdoor side of the waterproofing member.

In the above aspect, the bolt may be inserted into some of the ventilation holes.

In the above aspect, the head of the bolt may have a shape that allows it to be inserted into the ventilation hole at a first rotation angle around the axis, but does not allow it to be inserted into the ventilation hole at a second rotation angle that is 90 degrees different from the first rotation angle.

In the above aspect, the plurality of ventilation holes may extend in a first direction and be aligned in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the portion of the ventilation holes into which the bolt is inserted may be longer in the first direction than the other ventilation holes, and the waterproofing member may be configured to be movable between a closed position that blocks the plurality of ventilation holes and an open position that is spaced from the closed position in the first direction and that opens the plurality of ventilation holes.

In the above aspect, the partition member may be a base packing with ventilation holes that is placed in the gap.

In the above aspect, the fixing member may include a pin that penetrates the waterproof member and is inserted into the ventilation hole of the ventilation hole-equipped foundation packing.

In the above embodiment, the inner wall surface of the base drain forming the ventilation passage faces the outdoor surface of the partition member, and the fixing member includes a bolt that penetrates the waterproofing member and is inserted into the partition member, and a nut that is attached to the bolt on the outdoor side of the waterproofing member, and the head of the bolt may abut against the inner wall surface of the base drain.

In the above aspect, the inner wall surface of the base drain forming the air passage faces the outdoor surface of the partition member, and the fixing member may be formed of an elastic member and disposed between the inner wall surface of the base drain and the waterproof member in an elastically deformed state.

In addition, a building according to another aspect of the present invention is equipped with the above-mentioned building flood prevention device.

The present invention makes it easy to implement measures to prevent water from entering through ventilation holes, even in existing buildings.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of aspect 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an inclination of an embodiment of the first aspect. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention seen from above. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fixing member and the like in an embodiment of the first aspect. FIG. FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an embodiment of aspect 4 as seen from below. This is a schematic diagram of the base drip edge (interior) and waterproofing member of an embodiment of aspect 5. 7A and 7B are a schematic cross-sectional view (7-1) and a schematic front view (7-2) of an embodiment of the second aspect. 5A and 5B are schematic cross-sectional views (5-1, 5-2) of Example 1 of Aspect 3. 9A and 9B are schematic cross-sectional views of embodiment 3, Example 2 (9-2), and Example 3 (9-1). 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of embodiment 3, Example 1 (10-1, 10-2).

To solve the above problems and achieve the above objectives, the building flood prevention device of the present invention is characterized by comprising a waterproofing member formed in a shape that can block the rat-proof ventilation holes in the foundation drain, the ventilation holes in the rat-proof member, and the ventilation function part of the foundation packing, and a fixing member for easily and manually fixing the same member to the foundation drain, the rat-proof member, and the foundation packing.

As described above, the present invention is a device that has not previously been proposed by those skilled in the art (in the fields of construction, disaster prevention, and government) that prevents water from entering a building by manually sealing the ventilation function area around the foundation drain with a waterproof material. In addition, the inventor provides a building water ingress prevention device that achieves "significantly lower raw material costs, processing costs, installation costs, etc." than similar devices previously proposed by the inventor.

The present invention will be outlined below.
This building flood prevention device has a simple structure based on flat plates as the waterproofing material used to seal the ventilation function area, so it can be made using waste resin and other materials as raw materials.
Furthermore, the waterproofing components are fastening components such as screws that can be easily installed on the foundation drains, rat-proofing components, and foundation gaskets of existing buildings.
Since the device is constructed from only waterproof members and fixing members, the cost of raw materials, processing costs, introduction costs, etc. can be kept considerably low.

Furthermore, since the waterproofing components do not interfere with daily life or the landscape even when they are fixed to the foundation drainage, rat-proofing components, and foundation gaskets, neighborhood associations, local governments, etc. can work together to fasten the waterproofing components early during typhoon season or when heavy rain and flooding are forecast, and take disaster prevention measures against floods, etc.
Furthermore, it is believed that taking measures against flooding early will enable people to evacuate without hesitation.
In addition, in the present invention, since the waterproofing member and the fixing member are placed inside the base drain, there is also the advantage that deterioration due to exposure to ultraviolet rays, etc. and damage due to external impacts can be suppressed.

The aspects of the present invention are listed below.
(Aspect 1)
A building flood prevention device for use in a building in which a rat-proof ventilation hole-equipped foundation drain is installed,
A waterproof member formed into a shape that blocks the ventilation hole and prevents water from entering through the ventilation hole;
A fixing member for fixing the waterproof member to the base drain in a state where the ventilation hole is blocked;
A building flood prevention device comprising:
(Aspect 2)
A water ingress prevention device for a building equipped with a rat-proof member with ventilation holes,
A waterproof member formed in a shape that blocks the ventilation hole of the mouse-proof member and prevents water from entering through the ventilation hole;
A fixing member for fixing the waterproof member to the anti-rodent member in a state where the ventilation hole is blocked;
A building flood prevention device comprising:
(Aspect 3)
A water ingress prevention device for a building that has a foundation packing equipped with a rat-proof ventilation function,
A waterproof member formed in a shape that covers the mouse-proof ventilation function portion and prevents water from entering through the ventilation function portion;
A fixing member that fixes the waterproof member to the foundation packing in a state where the ventilation function portion is blocked;
A building flood prevention device (embodiment 4) comprising:
The building flood prevention device according to aspect 1 or 2,
A building water inundation prevention device, characterized in that the fixing member is a fixing screw.
(Aspect 5)
The building flood prevention device according to aspect 1,
A building water inundation prevention device characterized in that the waterproofing member is provided with a function of fixing the ventilation hole-equipped foundation drain without blocking the ventilation hole.
(Aspect 6)
The building flood prevention device according to any one of aspects 1 to 5,
A building water ingress prevention device characterized in that the main raw material of the waterproofing material is made by bonding resin from scrap materials.
(Aspect 7)
A building to which the building flood prevention device according to any one of aspects 1 to 6 is applied.
(Aspect 8)
A method for preventing water ingress into a building, comprising applying the water ingress prevention device for preventing water ingress into a building according to any one of aspects 1 to 6.

In the inventions described in Aspects 1 to 5, both the waterproof member and the fixing member are molded articles made of metal, resin, or the like, which have water resistance and durability.
The invention of aspect 6 uses as its main raw material "resin scraps," which would have been discarded in the past, and manufactures waterproof members by bonding, welding and joining them.

The waterproof member is a member that comes into contact with the outdoor surface of the partition member on which the multiple ventilation holes are opened, thereby blocking the multiple ventilation holes.
The dimensions (width, length, thickness) of the shape of the waterproofing member will be described.
The width refers to the distance from the indoor side to the outdoor side when the waterproofing material is fixed to the foundation drip edge. When the waterproofing material is fixed to the rat-proofing material or foundation packing, it refers to the vertical distance.
This width (distance) is sufficient to cover the ventilation holes and ventilation function parts without any gaps.
The length may be about 2 meters, which is the same as that of a base drain, for ease of handling during manufacturing, transportation, etc., but there is no limit to the length.
In addition, the curtain must be cut and processed in advance to fit the base drip edge of the building to which it will be installed (for example, corners, entranceways, and other areas where a drip edge is not installed), and must be long enough to be fixed to the base drip edge.
The overall length is approximately equal to the total length of the foundation drains etc. installed around the building.
The thickness varies depending on the material, but may range from less than 1 millimeter to several millimeters, but there is no limit to the thickness.

The fixing member is a member for fixing the waterproofing member to the partition member in a state in which the waterproofing member abuts against the outdoor surface of the partition member to block the multiple ventilation holes.
The fixing members may be screw-fastened members, screws, rebound type fixing members, etc., and therefore the cost of raw materials, etc. can be significantly reduced.

In the embodiment 1, the base drain is an existing mouse-proof base drain with ventilation holes, and in the embodiment 5, the same drain is provided with a ventilation hole in a part of the drain that is made longer. The partition part in which the ventilation hole of the base drain with ventilation holes is formed is an example of a partition member.
In addition, embodiments 2 and 3 are so-called general base drains that do not have mouse-proof ventilation holes.

The invention of aspect 1 provides a building flood prevention device for a building in which a base drain with a rodent-proof ventilation hole is installed, in the event of predicted flood damage, etc., a "waterproofing member" formed in a shape that blocks the ventilation hole is fixed in a substantially horizontal position on the base drain with a "fixing member," thereby blocking the ventilation hole and preventing flooding or other water from entering the building from the ventilation hole.

The waterproofing member of embodiment 1 is characterized in that it has an opening through which a fixing member for fixing to a foundation flashing passes.
This opening is intended to accommodate different arrangements of ventilation holes in foundation flashings depending on the foundation flashing.
The shape of the opening does not matter.
For example, if it is circular, the diameter is the length between the adjacent ventilation holes plus the thickness of the bolt with the T-shaped part of the fixing member, plus a margin (about 2 mm) to determine the position of the bolt. By manufacturing it in this way, it becomes possible to accommodate various foundation drains with different widths and intervals of ventilation holes.
If we assume that the area between the ventilation hole and the adjacent ventilation hole in the foundation drainage in question is 2 millimeters, and the thickness of the bolts of the fixing parts is 2 millimeters, then the total diameter of 2 millimeters + 2 millimeters + 2 millimeters plus a surplus of 2 millimeters is 6 millimeters.
The bolt of the fixing member that passes through this opening portion then passes through the ventilation hole, fixing the waterproofing member to the foundation gutters in an approximately horizontal position.
Furthermore, if the waterproofing member is adapted to the specifications of a particular base drainage system, the opening portion may be slightly larger than the size through which the fixing member passes, and an opening portion as large as the above is not necessarily required.

The invention of the second aspect is a water ingress prevention device for a building that uses a foundation packing system and does not have a rat-proof ventilation hole in the foundation drain, and has a rat-proof member installed in the foundation. The rat-proof member is an example of a partition member.
As in the first embodiment, the waterproof member is fixed to the rat-proof member by the fixing member in order to block the ventilation holes of the rat-proof member with the waterproof member.
The material and size of each member, the method of fixing the waterproof member to the rat-proof member, etc. are the same as in embodiment 1. However, when the waterproof member is fixed, the member is in a nearly vertical state.

The invention of aspect 3 adopts a foundation packing system and has a rodent-proof ventilation function part in the foundation packing (i.e., a foundation packing with ventilation holes), so it is a building water ingress prevention device used in buildings that do not have rodent-proof ventilation holes in the foundation drip. The foundation packing with ventilation holes is an example of a partition member.
The waterproof member is fixed to the ventilation function part of the foundation packing using a pin-type fixing member or the like.
When the waterproofing member is fixed, the member is in a nearly vertical position.

In the invention of aspect 4, the waterproof member is directly fixed to the rodent-proof base drain with ventilation holes or to the rodent-proof member using fixing screws (screws, bolts).
When the fixing screw is a screw, it is not always necessary to provide a pilot hole for the screw.
The ventilation holes may be used as screw (bolt) receiving holes, or pilot holes for receiving screws may be provided in the base drain or anti-rodent material and fixed with screws or bolts.

The invention of aspect 5 is characterized in that the waterproofing member can remain fixed to the rodent-proof ventilation hole-equipped base drip rack even in peacetime.
In order to keep the ventilation holes unblocked even during normal times and fixed to the base drain, the width of the ventilation holes in part of the base drain is made longer and the fixing member for the waterproof member fits into this opening, thereby realizing a ventilated state and keeping the waterproof member fixed without blocking the ventilation holes.

Next, the fixing member will be described.
The fixing members of embodiments 1, 2 and 5 have common features.
Each type is composed of a bolt having a T-shaped portion at the end opposite the end having the threaded groove, a washer-like part, and a nut for pressing and fixing the waterproofing member to the base drain or the anti-rodent member.
The material of each part is preferably a metal having water resistance and durability, but the material is not critical.

Since the bolts need to pass through the ventilation holes, there are no limitations on their thickness as long as they can pass through the ventilation holes, but the cross-sectional diameter may be approximately 2 millimeters.
The length, excluding the T-shaped portion, may be about 10 mm or more.
In addition, the length of the anti-rodent components must be such that they fit inside the base drain.

The washer-shaped part is larger than the diameter of the opening of the waterproofing member and has a shape that fits closely to the outside of the waterproofing member to prevent water from entering through the opening.
If, as explained in XX, the diameter of the opening of the waterproofing member is 6 millimeters, then by making it about 4 millimeters larger, that is, about 10 millimeters, it is possible to prevent water from entering through the opening of the waterproofing member.
This washer-like part may be integral with the nut or may also serve as the nut.

If the nut has the function of a washer-like part, it shall be of a size that allows it to close the opening of the waterproofing member. If not, it is sufficient that it fits the bolt.
This nut is used to press and secure the waterproofing component to the base drain or anti-rodent component.
The method of pressing and fixing may be a method other than a screw type, for example, a method using an existing part that fixes the bolt by clamping the outer periphery of the bolt with a nut-shaped part may be used.

The fixing member of the embodiment 3 may be of a pin type, a rebound type, a fitting type, or the like.
The pin type is inserted through the opening of the waterproofing member and into the horizontal hole of the ventilation function part of the foundation packing, and the waterproofing member is fixed to the foundation packing by pressing the head of the pin against the foundation packing.
Another method is to insert a nut into the middle of the pin, use the nut to adjust the length of the pin on the foundation drain side, place the head of the pin against the vertical inner wall of the foundation drain, and use the nut to press the waterproofing material against the foundation gasket to secure it.
The resilience type is a component with a restoring and resilient action, made of resin or the like, which is inserted between the inside of the foundation drain and the waterproofing component, and the waterproofing component is pressed against the foundation gasket to fix it in place.
The fitted type is a component that takes advantage of the deformability of rubber materials etc., and is fitted between the inside of the foundation drain and the waterproofing component, and the waterproofing component is pressed against the foundation gasket to fix it in place.

The fixing member of aspect 4 is a member that directly attaches the waterproof member to the base drain or the anti-rodent member using a fixing screw.
The fixing screw may be either a screw or a bolt.
In the case of a screw, the screw may be screwed into the ventilation hole as a screw receiving hole, or into a part other than the ventilation hole.
In the case of bolts, they shall fit the length of the short side of the ventilation hole or the size of the pilot holes in the base drain or rat-proofing members.
In either case, a flat washer may be used.

The fixing member of the fifth embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and is a bolt having a T-shaped tip on one side and a threaded groove on the other side.
The waterproof member is fixed to the base drain with a rodent-proof ventilation hole by this fixing member, and when a flood is forecast, the ventilation hole is blocked, and in normal times, the fixing member is moved to an opening part with a larger width of the ventilation hole, and the waterproof member is fixed to the base drain without blocking the ventilation hole.

Explain about foundation drainage.
The embodiment 1 is a rodent-proof base drain with ventilation holes.
The second and third embodiments are general-type base drains that are not equipped with mouse-proof ventilation holes.
The base drain of embodiment 5 has ventilation holes through which the fixing members of the rodent-proof ventilation-hole-equipped base drain pass, and the width of the ventilation holes is opened several millimeters in the indoor/outdoor directions.
By fixing the waterproofing member to the base drain with the fixing member passing through this long open portion, the waterproofing member can be left fixed without blocking the ventilation hole in peacetime.

The invention of aspect 6 is a waterproofing material according to any one of the inventions of aspects 1 to 5, in which "resin scraps generated during product processing," which have traditionally been discarded, are joined by bonding, welding, etc. to form a flat plate, which is then used as the raw material.
In addition, when joining, non-flammable resin or the like may be joined to one or both sides, and scrap resin is used as the main raw material.
The above is an explanation of the building flood prevention device (embodiments 1 to 6).

Next, a seventh aspect of the present invention provides a building to which the above-mentioned building flood prevention device is applied.
For this device to be effective, it is important to prevent the building flood prevention device from being damaged or washed away by floodwaters or drifting debris.
Therefore, in order to prevent floodwaters from directly hitting buildings, it is a good idea to install block walls or the like to prevent water flow on the building site, especially in areas close to the building, and to use gates that are difficult for water to pass through.

In addition, in conventional buildings, some base guttering with rodent-proof ventilation holes is firmly attached to the foundation with decorative mortar, but many are not.
For foundation drains that are not firmly attached like this, it is necessary to reinforce the joints with the foundation using L-shaped angles, etc. to make the joints stronger, improve watertightness, and take measures to prevent water from seeping in through these parts.

The invention of aspect 8 is a method for preventing water from entering a building using a water-inundation prevention device for a building.
For daily storage of waterproofing materials, etc., a storage locker or the like should be set up outside the building where they should be stored together with fixing tools, adhesive tape, etc., and a notice that they are being stored should be posted outside; then, even when no one is home, the waterproofing materials can be fixed with the cooperation of neighbors, etc.

The present invention is also a method for preventing flooding of buildings that can be implemented as one of the disaster prevention measures. In order to disseminate the present invention widely, the government should take the lead in planning and implementing the introduction, and introduce a subsidy or grant system, as well as preferential treatment for purchasing building damage insurance when the device is installed, which will promote dissemination and ultimately be effective as a disaster prevention measure.

This invention is a device that prevents water from seeping in through the foundation drain ventilation holes, the rat-proof member ventilation holes, and the foundation packing ventilation function parts. By revising the shape and fixing method of the device compared to previous proposals, we discovered that it is possible to significantly reduce raw material costs, processing costs, etc., and completed it.

The inventions of embodiments 1 to 6 are building flood prevention devices that prevent water from entering a building through ventilation function parts such as ventilation holes in a foundation drain and can be introduced at a fairly low cost.
The invention of aspect 7 can realize a building that is resistant to flood damage.
The invention of aspect 8 enables regions, governments, organizations, companies, etc. to cooperate in promoting widespread use of flood prevention measures, thereby promoting disaster prevention measures.

The following describes the form for carrying out the present invention. However, the embodiments described below and the technical scope of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments and illustrations. Note that in the illustrations, gaps are shown to make it easier to understand the components, but in reality, the components are in contact with each other to ensure watertightness, etc.

First, we will explain the embodiment of the invention described in aspect 1.

As shown in Fig. 1, in a building that uses the so-called foundation packing method, there is a ventilation layer (gap) 3a between the foundation 1a and the foundation 1b, and a foundation packing 8a is installed. The foundation 1b is provided with a foundation water drain 2, which forms an air passage connecting the ventilation layer 3a to the outdoors. The air flow in the ventilation layer 3a is sucked in and exhausted through the rat-proof ventilation hole 2a in the foundation water drain 2.
In buildings in which an air layer 3b is provided on the inside of the exterior wall 1d, the ventilation holes 2a may or may not function as air vents (FIG. 1).
The foundation drain 2 and ventilation holes 2a are usually provided around the entire perimeter of the building except for around the entrance, etc. Floodwater, etc., will enter the building through the ventilation holes 2a.

The following description will be given with reference to FIGS.
The ventilation hole 2a is for ventilation (air passage) at all times and cannot be kept closed.
Therefore, the basic principle of the present invention is to fix a waterproof member 4 to the outside of the ventilation hole 2a when flood damage is predicted, thereby blocking the ventilation hole 2a and preventing water from entering through the same area.
The waterproofing member 4 is fixed to the foundation drip edge 2 when flood damage is predicted, as well as during the dry season in cold weather, etc. Even if the ventilation holes 2a are closed for a while during the dry season in cold weather, the dry condition under the floor can be maintained, and a heating effect can be expected by preventing the inflow of cold air.
As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the waterproofing member 4 is manually fixed to the rodent-proof ventilation hole-equipped base drain 2 by the fixing members 5.

The mouse-proof base drainage 2 with ventilation holes may be an existing product or may be a product with improved strength, watertightness, etc., specific to the present invention. As described above, the ventilation holes 2a may be for ventilation only under the floor, or may also be for ventilation of the inside 3b of the exterior wall 1d.
According to this embodiment, by fixing the waterproofing member 4 in advance when flood damage is predicted, etc., it is possible to prevent and reduce flood damage.

Next, the waterproof member 4 and the fixing member 5 will be described.
First, the waterproof member 4 will be described in detail.
The material is not limited to metal, resin, or the like, so long as it is water resistant and durable.

From the standpoint of processability and cost, resin is advantageous.
In addition, it is less likely to sink than metal when flooded, so its fixed state is an advantage.

If it is made of resin, has a thickness of less than 1 millimeter, and can be rolled up for storage, it can be made to be several meters long, which is advantageous in terms of storage space and method, and by not dividing it, there are fewer joints, making it even more watertight.
For example, if the building has a square foundation when viewed from above, and you use a long piece of fabric that can be rolled up and stored, and prepare four pieces of fabric that are the right length for the four corners (protruding corners) (excluding parts where no foundation gutter is installed, such as around the entrance), there will be no need to connect or splice them in the middle, and the fabric will have good watertightness.

The width is set to a width that covers the ventilation hole 2a and prevents water from entering through the hole. Since most base drains are mass-produced products, the width should be set to match the standard size of the base drain and ventilation hole of each mass-produced product, and should be a few millimeters wider than the width of the ventilation hole (generally the long side), and should be a width that allows the base drain to be fixed to the base drain without any problems.
It is believed that if we mass-produce widths of approximately 12, 15, 17, and 20 millimeters, they will be compatible with most existing drains.

The length should be about 2 meters, the same as for foundation drains, for ease of handling in manufacturing and transportation, but there is no limit to the length. Also, when installing them in each building, those closest to protruding corners, recessed corners, etc. must be cut in advance to a length appropriate for the building.

There are no restrictions on the thickness. It can be less than 1 millimeter, or it can be several millimeters or more. It does not need to be excessively thick, as long as it has a thickness that provides strength and weather resistance.

It is preferable to provide an opening 4a through which the fixing member 5 passes so that the device can be fixed to a variety of base drains having different widths of ventilation holes and sizes of spaces between ventilation holes.
When manufactured for a specific base drainage application, the opening 4 may be of a size that allows the fixing member 5 to pass through.
The position of the opening 4 a is set to the middle of the width of the waterproofing member 4 .
This part is easier to process if it is circular, but the shape is not important.
When it is made circular, the diameter shall be the sum of the thickness of the bolt 5a with the T-shaped portion of the fixing member 5, which is required to fix it to the base gutters 2 while it is passing through the ventilation hole 2a, the portion between the ventilation hole 2a and the adjacent ventilation hole 2a, and the extra space (approximately 2 millimeters) when the bolt 5a passes through the ventilation hole 2a.
If the bolt 5a is 2 millimeters and the portion between the ventilation holes 2a is 2 millimeters, providing an opening 4a with a diameter of 6 millimeters allows the bolt 5a to easily penetrate even if the base drain is not specified.

Furthermore, if a gasket material or a water-absorbing sheet or the like is adhered to the upper surface (the surface in contact with the ventilation hole 2a) when the waterproofing material 4 is fixed, the watertightness can be further improved and the effect of preventing water from entering can be further enhanced.
It is advisable to prepare the waterproofing member 4 for fixing by indicating in advance the position where it is to be fixed to the building.

Next, the fixing member 5 of the embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The fixing member 5 is composed of a bolt 5a, a washer-shaped part 5b, and a nut 5c.
The material is not limited to metal, resin, etc., as long as it is water-resistant and durable.
The washer-shaped part 5b that closes the opening 4a of the waterproofing member 4 may also function as a nut, or a separate washer-shaped part may be used.

The bolt 5a has a T-shape at the top when installed. When fixing, this part is inserted from the bottom to the top of the ventilation hole 2a and rotated about 90 degrees to hook both ends of the T-shape part between the ventilation hole 2a and the adjacent ventilation hole 2a, preventing it from coming loose and fixing the waterproofing member 4 to the base dripping 2.
Therefore, the T-shaped portion of the bolt 5a is sized shorter than the long side of the ventilation hole 2a so that it can pass through the ventilation hole 2a.
That is, the T-shaped head of the bolt 5a can be inserted into the ventilation hole 2a at a first rotation angle around the axis, but cannot be inserted into the ventilation hole 2a at a second rotation angle (the state shown in Figure 3) that is 90 degrees different from the first rotation angle.

The length of bolt 5a (vertical direction when installed) may be the sum of the thickness of the base drain 2, the thickness of waterproofing member 4, the thickness of washer-shaped part 5b, and the thickness of nut 5c, with a surplus of about 1 centimeter or more.
The total length, excluding the T-shaped portion, is, for example, approximately 16 mm, which is made up of the thickness of the base drain 2, which is 1 mm, the thickness of the waterproofing member 4, which is 2 mm, the thickness of the nut 5c (which also serves as the washer-shaped part 5b), which is 3 mm, and the excess portion, which is 10 mm.

The bolt 5a may have any thickness as long as it can pass through the short side of the ventilation hole 2a.
If the short side of the ventilation hole 2a is about 5 mm, then a width of about 2 mm will suffice.

The outer diameter (the short side of the diameter in the case of a hexagonal nut) of the nut 5c (which also serves as the washer-shaped part 5b) must be such that it can close the opening 4a of the waterproofing member 4.
For example, if the diameter of the opening 4a is 6 mm, the bolt 5a is set to 10 mm to be one size larger. In this way, no matter where the bolt 5a is placed in the ventilation hole 2a, the entire opening 4a can be blocked, and water can be prevented from entering through that portion.

There are no restrictions on the shape of the nut 5c, but a wing nut is good for tightening and loosening manually, and a hexagonal nut is good for tightening and loosening with a power tool.

The method of fixing the waterproofing member 4 with the fixing member 5 may be a conventional fastening technique such as a clamping type, other than the screw fastening method described above.

The interval at which the waterproofing member 4 is fixed to the base drain 2 depends on the material, thickness, hardness, etc. of the waterproofing member 4, but if it is fixed at intervals of approximately 50 centimeters to approximately 1 meter, the watertightness of the ventilation hole 2a provided by the waterproofing member 4 can be ensured.
Furthermore, the narrower the fixing interval, the greater the pressure on the base gutters 2 and the better the watertightness, so it is better to leave a narrower interval to prevent water from entering.
The above is an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.

Next, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7-1 is a schematic diagram of a waterproof member 4 fixed to the outside of a mouse-proof member 9 by a fixing member 5.
Figure 7-2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of Figure 7-1 as viewed from the front (outside the building) with the foundation gutters 8 omitted.
In the second embodiment, a base drain 8 is provided without a rat-proof ventilation hole, and a rat-proof member 9 is fixed to the base 1b to prevent water from entering the building through the rat-proof member ventilation hole 9a. The rat-proof member 9 is disposed so as to cover the outdoor opening of the gap between the foundation 1a and the base 1b. The method of fixing the waterproof member 4 to the rat-proof member 9 with the fixing member 5 is the same as in the first embodiment.
When the waterproof member 4 is fixed to the anti-rodent member 9, the waterproof member 4 is in a nearly vertical state, which is a major difference from the nearly horizontal state in embodiment 1.

Next, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In recent years, buildings equipped with foundation packing 10 equipped with a rodent-proof ventilation function have become widespread.
In the case of this building, the foundation gutter 2 with rat-proof ventilation holes and the foundation 1b are not provided with rat-proof members 9, and this is a water ingress prevention device used for such buildings.
The foundation packing 10 is provided with a lateral ventilation portion of the ventilation function portion 10a (approximately 16 mm in length and several mm in width).

In Example 1 shown in Figures 8-1, 8-2, 10-1, and 10-2, a pin-type fixing member 10b penetrating the waterproofing member 4 is inserted into this ventilation function section 10a, and the ventilation function section 10a is sealed with the waterproofing member 4 to prevent water from entering through this section.
The waterproofing member 4 is the same as that in embodiment 1. However, since the lower end rests on the upper part of the base 1a when fixed, the lower end may be L-shaped by several millimeters to increase the degree of fixation, as shown in FIG.
The pin-type fixing member 10b is made to match the size of the ventilation function part 10a and ensures the degree of fixation to the foundation packing 10. The material may be metal, resin, etc. If it is made of resin, it is even better to insert it into the ventilation function part 10a and have the function of expanding within the ventilation function part 10a, as this will increase the degree of fixation.
Furthermore, as shown in Figures 8-1 and 10-2, a thread groove is provided in the middle of the pin-type fixing member 10b (bolt), and a nut 10c inserted into the groove is placed in contact with the outside of the waterproofing member 4. The head of the pin-type fixing member 10b is pressed against the inside (vertical inner wall) of the foundation drain 8, and the nut 10c is turned to adjust the position of the pin, thereby pressing the waterproofing member 4 against the foundation gasket 10, which improves the degree of fixation (watertightness) of the waterproofing member 4.

As shown in Figure 9-1, in Example 2, a resilience-type fixing member 10d that utilizes the resilience of the restoring action of a resin material or the like is inserted between the inside of the base drain 8 (inner wall) and the waterproofing member 4, and the waterproofing member 4 is pressed against the foundation gasket 10 to fix it, thereby preventing water from entering.
The size of the rebound type fixing member 10b is set to a size that allows the waterproofing member 4 to be pressed against the foundation packing 10 and fixed.

In Example 3, as shown in Figure 9-1, an insert-type fixing member 10e that utilizes the deformability of a rubber material or the like is inserted between the inside (inner wall) of the base drain 8 and the waterproof member 4, and the waterproof member 4 is pressed against the foundation gasket 10 to fix it, thereby preventing water from entering.
The size of the fitting-type fixing member 10e is set to a size that allows the waterproofing member 4 to be pressed against the foundation packing 10 and fixed thereto.

That is, in Examples 2 and 3, the fixing members 10d and 10e are formed of an elastic material and are arranged in an elastically deformed state between the inner wall surface of the base drain 8 and the waterproofing member 4. The fixing members 10d and 10e are not limited to this, and may be elastic members such as springs.

In all of the first to third embodiments, there is no limit to the interval at which the waterproofing member 4 is fixed using the fixing member 10b, etc., but taking into consideration the material and hardness of the waterproofing member 4, the interval may be set to, for example, 50 centimeters or 1 meter.

Next, the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The feature of embodiment 4 is that the fixing member is a fixing screw 6, which is used to directly attach the waterproof member 4 to the base drain 2 (embodiment 1) or the rat-proof member 9 (embodiment 2).
The rest is the same as in the first and second embodiments.

The fixing screw 6 may be either a screw type or a bolt type, and may be made of metal or resin.
Regarding size, the length shall be the thickness of the waterproofing material 4, the thickness of the base drain 2, or the rat-proof material 9 plus some extra space, and the thickness shall be such that, if the ventilation hole 2 or the rat-proof material ventilation hole 9a is used as a screw receiving hole, it is sufficient that the thickness fits the short side of each ventilation hole.

The screw receiving holes may be provided in the base drain 2 or in parts of the anti-rodent member 9 other than the ventilation holes.

To ensure watertightness, it is a good idea to use flat washers.
The spacing between the parts where the waterproofing member 4 is fixed to the base drain 2 or to the anti-rodent member 9 with the fixing screws 6 depends on the material, thickness, hardness, etc. of the waterproofing member 4, as in embodiment 1, but should be approximately 50 centimeters to approximately 1 meter apart to ensure watertightness.
The above is the explanation of the fourth embodiment.

Next, the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 shows a state in which the fixing member 5 is attached to the waterproof member 4, and this embodiment is similar to the first embodiment.
The difference from the first embodiment is that some of the ventilation holes in the base drip (the ventilation holes at the positions where the waterproofing member 4 is fixed by the fixing members 5) are opened several millimeters longer toward the indoor side. In other words, the length in the extension direction (first direction) of some of the ventilation holes 7b into which the bolts 5a are inserted is made longer than the other ventilation holes 7a.
The length of the opening is determined by the width that the waterproofing material 4 of the base drip rack into which the device will be installed can fit in. If the width is made longer than necessary, a gap will be created when the waterproofing material 4 is moved to the outdoor side, and watertightness will not be ensured.
As in mode 1, the fixing member 5 is inserted through the opening 4a of the waterproofing member 4 with the nut 5c inserted, the T-shaped portion is inserted through the ventilation hole with opening 7b, and the fixing member 5 is rotated 90 degrees and fixed to the base drain 7 for normal fixation to block the ventilation hole. In this state, water is prevented from entering through the ventilation hole 7a and the ventilation hole with opening 7b. The position where the waterproofing member 4 blocks the ventilation holes 7a and 7b is called the "blocking position."
In normal times, the waterproofing member 4 can be moved horizontally toward the indoor side through the ventilation hole 7b with the openings, and the fixing member 5 can be moved to the indoor end point, so that the waterproofing member 4 can be fixed in a state in which ventilation from the ventilation hole 7a and the ventilation hole 7b with the openings is ensured without blocking the width of the ventilation hole 7a. The position in which the waterproofing member 4 opens the ventilation holes 7a and 7b is called the "open position".

As with embodiment 1, the fixing interval will depend on the material, thickness, hardness, etc. of the waterproofing member 4, but the fixing interval should be determined so that watertightness is ensured at intervals of approximately 50 centimeters to approximately 1 meter.

A sixth embodiment will now be described.
This is a waterproofing member of the building flood prevention device described in any one of aspects 1 to 5, which is manufactured using resin from scrap materials as the main raw material.
Utilizing scraps left over from the processing of plastic resin into products is highly effective in reducing raw material costs, making effective use of waste, and protecting the environment. For example, even scraps of resin with a width of about one centimeter can be joined or glued to have a width of several centimeters, and scraps with a length of several tens of centimeters can be joined or glued to have a length of several meters, and can be used as the material (raw material) for the waterproofing member 4.

Furthermore, when joining scrap materials, joining a flame-retardant resin to one or both sides of the scrap is an effective fire prevention measure.
Furthermore, since the waterproofing members 4 are virtually invisible from the surrounding area when fixed to the base gutters, the color of the material does not need to be uniform. Furthermore, even in the case of divided waterproofing members 4, the thickness of each adjacent waterproofing member 4 does not need to be the same due to the fixing method, so it is possible to use a wide variety of scrap materials as materials without disposing of them.

A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a building to which the building flood prevention device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects is applied.
In order to prevent flooding damage to buildings, it is important to prevent the building's flood prevention devices from being damaged or washed away by floodwaters or drifting debris. To prevent water flow on the building site, especially in areas close to the building, it is a good idea to install block walls or other structures and use gates that are difficult for water to pass through.

In some conventional buildings, the foundation gutter is firmly attached to the foundation with decorative mortar, but many do not, so it is necessary to reinforce the joint with an L-shaped angle or similar to improve the watertightness of the area.

The invention of aspect 8 is a method for preventing water from entering a building using a water-inundation prevention device for a building.
Waterproofing materials, etc. should be stored in a storage locker or the like outside the building along with fixing tools, adhesive tape, etc., and a sign indicating that they are being stored outside should be posted. Even when no one is at home, the waterproofing materials can be secured in a water-proof state with the cooperation of neighbors, etc.
Furthermore, providing public subsidy systems for the introduction of the equipment and special benefits for taking out property insurance will lead to the widespread adoption of the equipment, which is expected to have an effect on preventing and mitigating damage caused by flooding.

The building flood prevention device of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made to the material of each component, the fixing position, the fixing method, etc. within the scope of the claims.
It is also possible to combine this with the inventor's previous proposals.
The basis of the present invention is to popularize building flood prevention devices by significantly reducing raw material costs, processing costs, etc.
In the scope of the claims, the present invention refers to flood hazard maps, etc., and takes into consideration the location of the building, the surrounding environment, the condition of the building itself, etc., and should be utilized in cooperation with local governments and other organizations to develop measures to prevent buildings from being flooded.

[0033] 1a Foundation 1b Base 1c Pillar 1d Exterior wall 1e Furring strip 2 Base gutter with rat-proof ventilation hole 2a Ventilation hole 3a Ventilation layer 3b Breathable layer 4 Waterproofing member 4a Opening 5 Fixing member 5a Bolt with T-shaped portion 5b Washer-shaped part 5c Nut 6 Fixing screw 7 Base gutter for normal fixation 7a Ventilation hole 7b Ventilation hole with opening 8 Base gutter without rat-proof ventilation hole 8a Foundation gasket 9 Rat-proof member 9a Rat-proof member ventilation hole 10 Foundation gasket with rat-proof ventilation function part 10a Ventilation function part 10b Pin-type fixing member 10c Nut 10d Rebound-type fixing member 10e Fitting-type fixing member

Claims (12)

A building flood prevention device attached to a partition member having a plurality of ventilation holes formed therein, the partition member being disposed in a gap between a foundation and a base of a building or in an air passage connecting the gap and the outdoors,
a waterproof member for contacting an outdoor surface of the partition member on which the ventilation holes are formed and blocking the ventilation holes;
a fixing member that fixes the waterproofing member to the partition member in a state in which the waterproofing member abuts against the outdoor surface of the partition member to block the plurality of ventilation holes; and
A building flood prevention device comprising: The partition member is a partition portion of a ventilation hole-equipped base drip-line that forms the air passage.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 1. The partition member is a rat-proof member with ventilation holes that is arranged at the opening on the outdoor side of the gap.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 1. The fixing member is
a bolt penetrating the partition member and the waterproof member;
A nut attached to the bolt on the outdoor side of the waterproofing member;
Equipped with
The building flood prevention device according to claim 1. The bolt is inserted into some of the ventilation holes.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 4. The head of the bolt has a shape that allows it to be inserted into the ventilation hole at a first rotation angle around an axis and that prevents it from being inserted into the ventilation hole at a second rotation angle that is 90 degrees different from the first rotation angle.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 5. The plurality of ventilation holes extend in a first direction and are arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction,
The part of the ventilation holes into which the bolts are inserted is longer in the first direction than the other ventilation holes,
The waterproof member is configured to be movable between a closing position that closes the plurality of ventilation holes and an opening position that opens the plurality of ventilation holes and is spaced from the closing position in the first direction.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 5. The partition member is a base packing with ventilation holes arranged in the gap.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 1. The fixing member includes a pin that penetrates the waterproof member and is inserted into the ventilation hole of the ventilation hole-equipped foundation packing.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 8. The inner wall surface of the base dripping that forms the ventilation path faces the outdoor surface of the partition member,
The fixing member is
a bolt that penetrates the waterproof member and is inserted into the partition member;
A nut attached to the bolt on the outdoor side of the waterproofing member;
Equipped with
The head of the bolt abuts against the inner wall surface of the base flashing.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 1. The inner wall surface of the base dripping that forms the ventilation path faces the outdoor surface of the partition member,
The fixing member is formed of an elastic member and is disposed between the inner wall surface of the base dripboard and the waterproofing member in an elastically deformed state.
The building flood prevention device according to claim 1. A building equipped with a building flood prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.