JP2017003254A - メタマテリアルによって改良された受動的な放射冷却パネル - Google Patents
メタマテリアルによって改良された受動的な放射冷却パネル Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017003254A JP2017003254A JP2016103838A JP2016103838A JP2017003254A JP 2017003254 A JP2017003254 A JP 2017003254A JP 2016103838 A JP2016103838 A JP 2016103838A JP 2016103838 A JP2016103838 A JP 2016103838A JP 2017003254 A JP2017003254 A JP 2017003254A
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- radiant energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F2013/001—Particular heat conductive materials, e.g. superconductive elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/06—Coatings; Surface treatments having particular radiating, reflecting or absorbing features, e.g. for improving heat transfer by radiation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Pcooling = Prad − Patm − Psun − Pcon (式1)
実際の設定において、Patmは、周囲温度によって決定され、Psunは、1日の時間帯、雲量などによって変動し、夜間はゼロであり、Pconは、冷却機の構造的詳細によって決定される。式1から、昼間にPcoolingを最大にするには、表面の放射率を上げることによってPradを増加させ、Psunの影響を最小化し(例えば、広帯域反射部の利用による)、伝導性熱源から冷却機を保護することによって対流および伝導の影響Pconを軽減することを伴う。合わせた非放射性熱係数が6.9W/m2Kであると仮定すると、式1から、昼間の実際の最低目標Prad値55W/m2、夜間100W/m2が得られ、この値は、周囲より5℃低い温度に下がることに相当する。
Claims (10)
- 受動的な放射冷却パネルであって、
その表面から放出される放射エネルギーを発生させることによって放熱するように構成された複数のメタマテリアルナノ構造を有し、このメタマテリアルナノ構造が、さらに、前記発生した放射エネルギーのうち、1つ以上の大気の透明窓に対応する波長を有する少なくとも一部が、少なくとも0.998の放射率で放出されるように構成されるエミッタ層と;
前記エミッタ層の前記表面に面する下向きの表面と、対向する上向きの表面とを有し、前記上向きの表面に向かう入射日射を反射し、前記エミッタ層から放出される前記放射エネルギーの少なくとも前記一部を伝達するように構成され、それによって、前記放射エネルギーの前記一部が、前記上側層の前記上向きの表面を通って伝達される上側層とを含む、受動的な放射冷却パネル。 - 前記エミッタ層が、前記放射エネルギーのうち、前記1つ以上の大気の透明窓に対応する波長を有する前記一部を発生させるように構成された超黒色メタマテリアルに由来するパターン中に整列した前記メタマテリアルナノ構造の配列を含むベース材料層を含む、請求項1に記載の受動的な放射冷却パネル。
- 前記超黒色メタマテリアルに由来するパターンが、さらに、前記放射エネルギーのうち、8μm〜13μmおよび16μm〜28μmを含む範囲の波長を有する前記一部を発生させるように構成される、請求項2に記載の受動的な放射冷却パネル。
- 受動的な放射冷却パネルであって、
放射エネルギーの少なくとも一部が8μm〜13μmの範囲の波長を有するように、熱エネルギーを前記放射エネルギーに変換するように構成された超黒色材料を含み、前記超黒色材料が、さらに、前記放射エネルギーの前記一部が少なくとも0.998の放射率で発生するように構成された、エミッタ層と;
その下側表面で前記放射エネルギーを受け入れるように配置され、その上側表面に向かう入射日射を反射するように構成される上側層とを含み、前記上側層は、さらに、前記放出される放射エネルギー部分が前記上側表面から伝達されるように、前記放射エネルギーのうち、8μm〜13μmの範囲の波長を有する前記一部が通過するように構成される、受動的な放射冷却パネル。 - 超黒色材料は、ベース材料層の中に規定されるテーパー形状のナノ細孔の配列を含む、請求項4に記載の受動的な放射冷却パネル。
- 前記テーパー形状のナノ細孔のそれぞれの公称幅が、100nm〜1ミクロンの範囲である、請求項5に記載の受動的な放射冷却パネル。
- 前記ベース材料層は、第1の金属を含み、前記エミッタ層は、前記ベース材料層の表面上と、前記テーパー形状のナノ細孔のそれぞれの内側に配置された、めっきされた金属層をさらに含み、前記めっきされた金属層は、前記第1の金属とは異なる第2の金属を含む、請求項5に記載の受動的な放射冷却パネル。
- 受動的な反射冷却方法であって、
メタマテリアルナノ構造を利用し、放出される放射エネルギーの少なくとも一部が大気の透明窓の波長を含むように前記放射エネルギーを放出することと;
入射日射の少なくとも94%を反射するように構成され、さらに、前記放射エネルギーの一部を伝達するように構成される上側層を用い、前記メタマテリアルナノ構造を前記入射日射から遮蔽し、それによって、前記一部が、前記上側層から近くの冷たい空間に伝達される、受動的な反射冷却方法。 - メタマテリアルナノ構造を利用し、放射エネルギーを放出することが、熱エネルギーを前記放射エネルギーの前記一部に変換するように構成された超黒色材料を利用することを含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記メタマテリアルナノ構造を利用することは、8μm〜13μmおよび16μm〜28μmの大気の透明窓の波長範囲の少なくとも1つの波長を有する前記放射エネルギーの前記一部を発生させるように構成されたテーパー形状のナノ細孔を利用することを含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
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US14/740,009 US9927188B2 (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | Metamaterials-enhanced passive radiative cooling panel |
US14/740,009 | 2015-06-15 |
Publications (3)
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JP2017003254A true JP2017003254A (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
JP2017003254A5 JP2017003254A5 (ja) | 2019-06-20 |
JP6761673B2 JP6761673B2 (ja) | 2020-09-30 |
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US (1) | US9927188B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP3252414B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6761673B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102336770B1 (ja) |
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US20160363396A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
EP3106814A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 |
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