JP2016539667A - Multi-area heated protective glasses - Google Patents

Abstract

Protective eyewear device adapted to prevent fogging for use in ski goggles, diving masks, medical or test face shields, etc., while preventing unwanted concentrated heating points on the eyeglasses. A protective eyewear device comprising a substrate, wherein a plurality of conductive regions are defined on the substrate and connected to a circuit to be powered by one or more channels. Regions on the substrate are electrically isolated from each other in the first embodiment, and regions on the substrate are not electrically isolated in the second embodiment, or are continuous with adjacent regions on the substrate. The regions may be uniform in size or may vary in size and shape from one region to the next, and the heating material resistivity square applied to the region may be a combination of heating material and / or heating material Can be selected based on the thickness.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is filed in US patent application Ser. No. 14 / 040,683 (hereinafter referred to as “priority application”) filed on September 29, 2014, relating to “MULTIREGION HEATED EYE SHIELD”. Insist on profit and priority. This priority application is a part of US Patent Application No. 13 / 397,691 (hereinafter referred to as “parent application”) filed on February 16, 2012, relating to “PWM HEATING SYSTEM FOR EYE SHIELD”. This is a continuation application (published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013-0212765 and issued as U.S. Pat. The parent application is also filed as PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US2013 / 026227, which is incorporated herein by reference.

  The present invention relates to anti-fog eye shields that are configured to prevent fogging when used as part of an anti-fogging system powered by an electronic power source, and more particularly to anti-fog eye shields. By having a resistive heating element distributed over the protective glasses, it allows for the uniform heating of the lens or alternatively the customization of the lens heating, anti-fog goggles, anti-fog diving mask or other The present invention relates to anti-fogging protective glasses used in a portable and transparent eye protection device for preventing fogging.

  Using sports goggles, diving masks and other highly portable transparent eye protection can contribute to condensation build-up on protective eyewear and can cause problems of even uniform visual impairment due to cloudiness This is often desirable in a situational environment. When the temperature of such protective glasses falls below the dew point temperature, i.e. below the temperature at which water drops begin to condense and dew can form, fogging occurs.

  The customary characteristics of such portable eye protection are that they are lightweight enough to be worn on the user's head and placed relatively close to the user's face, thus Breathing and body heat exacerbate cloudy conditions. Examples of cloudy sport goggles intended for use during winter activities include goggles for downhill skiing, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, snowmobiling, sledding, tubing, ice climbing, etc. It is widely known and widely used by sports enthusiasts whose duty or activity requires being outdoors in snowy and other severe cold weather conditions. Examples of diving masks that are prone to clouding include eye and nose masks independent of the respiratory device, and full face masks with the respiratory device incorporated into the mask. Examples of cloudy eye protection include face shields that can be worn by doctors or dentists to prevent pathogens from entering the user's mouth or eyes, or transparent face shield parts of motorcycles or snowmobile helmets. It is out. Haze that impairs vision is a common problem with such goggles, diving masks and eye protection.

  There are various conductive devices devised to prevent condensation deposition on protective glasses for eye protection, while rectangular protective glasses with thin film heating elements can be heated uniformly over the protective glasses Adopting a thin film heating system in the protective glasses, which allows uniform heating of the protective glasses, or alternatively customized heating of the protective glasses according to the lens heating profile, depending on the construction and application of the thin film heating material to the protective glasses Neither method is taught. The purpose of these conductive devices is simply to provide protective eyewear that can be kept without condensation so that the user may be able to enjoy unobstructed vision during visual activity, As such, they are prone to the problem of creating concentrated heating points on irregularly shaped lenses and did not provide customizable heating of the lenses. Conventional sports goggles with electronic systems are mainly used in environments that require a high degree of portability, i.e., here the power supply for powering the electronic circuitry of the device is described by McCulloch et al., “Google with. Advantageously supported on the goggles strap or on the goggles themselves as illustrated and described in co-pending US patent application Ser. No. 13 / 519,150 on “Easy Interchangeable Lens that is adaptable for Heating to Present Fogging”. Has been.

  Some examples of disclosure that provide heating of goggle lenses include: US Pat. No. 4,868,929 for “Electrically Heated Ski Goggles” by Curcio is operatively connected via a switching device to an external power pack adapted to cause heating of the protective glasses to prevent fogging Protective goggles with embedded resistive wires. The Curcio disclosure does not teach uniform heating of the lens, or alternatively customized heating of the lens, by employing a configuration of thin film heating material on the lens.

  U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0151057 on “Reversible Strap-Mounting Clips for Goggles” by Lebel et al. And US Pat. No. 7,648,234 on “Eyewear with Heating Elements” by Welchel et al. Disclosed is the use of a thin film heating element used to heat protective glasses with a push button switch to turn on power from a battery supported on the spectacle arm. Both Lebel et al. And Welchel et al. Provide uniform heating of irregularly shaped lenses, or alternatively customized heating of lenses, by employing a configuration of thin film heating material on the lens. Do not teach.

  U.S. Pat. No. 5,351,339 to “Double Lens Electric Shield” by Reuber et al. Recognizes the problem of uneven heating where a conductive film is deposited on an irregularly shaped visor lens. Specific bus bar configurations (electrodes 50 and 60) that address the problem of having substantially the same distance between the electrodes due to the fairly uniform flow of current on the conductive film. However, Reuber et al. Do not disclose uniform heating of the lens, or alternatively customized heating of the lens according to the heating profile, by employing a configuration of thin film heating material on the lens. In addition, Reuber et al.'S protective glasses were more uniform than conventional goggles protective glasses with cutout portions adapted to fit over the nasal column of the user's nose. Therefore, the configuration of the Reuber et al. Electrode bus bar would be insufficient for a more conventional goggle lens configuration.

  Thus, a problem with sports goggles that employs electrical heating is the problem of uneven heating across the surface of the protective glasses formed in an irregular shape. Goggles and diving masks, and their protective glasses, are required to remain close to the wearer's face and also allow cutouts and extended edges for the nose for peripheral vision. Manufactured with a regular shape. For example, published US Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0290081 on “Anti-Fogging Device and Anti-Foging Viewing Member” by Biddel and US Pat. No. 4,638,728 on “Visor Defoster” by Elenewski. Various general attempts have been made to uniformly heat the protective glasses over the entire surface of the protective glasses, including a serpentine wire on or within the described protective glasses lens, but thin film heating Uniform heating of irregularly shaped protective glasses using the body, or customized heating of such protective glasses is not taught in the prior art.

  The Lebel et al. Device is prone to intensive heating, and the battery was over-discharged by the use of a device that applied limited battery power. The reason for the central heating location is that the electrical resistivity between the electrical connections across the resistive elements on the protective glasses is such that the amount of current consumed is greater in areas where the distance between the terminal connections is smaller, This is because it is smaller or larger at different locations on the protective glasses so that the amount of current consumed is smaller in areas where the distance between them is larger. For example, in a resistive wiring application where the terminals are on both sides of the lens, the distance that the wire needs to travel from one terminal to the other is greater for the wire traveling up and down the eye over the nose column over the center of the lens. There was a problem in heating the lens uniformly because it was larger than the other wires that traveled a short distance. In order to overcome the cloud condition, it is necessary to apply enough power to overheat the smaller area and overcome the cloud in the area where the distance between the terminal connection points is the largest. waste. In this way, the problem is to limit the usefulness of heating goggles protective glasses. These problems exist regardless of whether a person is considering a resistive wire application or a resistive film application because of the irregular shape of the protective glasses.

  Yet another problem particularly associated with goggles and diving masks is the amount of space provided between the protective glasses portion of the device and the user's face. If not enough space is provided, wearing spectacles with correcting lenses in goggles or masks has been hindered. Furthermore, the ability to incorporate a correcting lens into the goggles or the mask eye shield itself has been hampered if an excessive distance is provided between the shield portion of the device and the user's eye. While increasing the distance between the user's eye and protective eyeglasses has improved the anti-fogging ability in typical airflow-dependent anti-fog goggles, the protective eyeglasses are at such large distances from the user's eye. Aligning the lens to allow anti-fogging can result in excessive lens thickness thereby adapting to the higher degree of curvature required in the lens to make the necessary visual correction, so goggles correction The lens is less effective in correcting vision. Thus, what has long been required in the technology of goggles correction lenses or diving masks, the protective glasses correction lenses can be sufficiently close to the user's eyes to function properly from the viewpoint of visual correction. It is a technology that can effectively prevent fogging at the same time. In this way, the area of the protective glasses is balanced so that there is a large separation between the user's eye and the protective glasses themselves for the vision correction lens without excessive use of power or the occurrence of central heating. Without having to do so, there is a need to enable uniform heating of the protective glasses over the entire surface of the protective glasses.

  The multi-region eye shield of the present invention provides a thin film conductive heating element on the protective eyeglass or lens surface, such as when compared to the front of the eye, such as in the nasal column. Divided into multiple regions depending on the irregular and different shape of the lens, such as just above, which allows uniform heating or alternatively custom heating of regions formed or sized to the different shapes Become.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided protective eyeglasses configured to be used with a circuit powered by a given voltage, the circuit preventing fogging of the protective eyeglasses and on the protective eyeglasses. Prevents the generation of hot spots. The protective glasses according to this aspect of the invention are configured to protect at least one of the user's eyes and are at least partially enclosed between at least one of the user's eyes and the substrate. An optically transparent substrate configured to define a space; and a plurality of conductive regions of the optically transparent and electrically resistive thin film conductive heating material on the substrate. Preferably, according to this aspect of the present invention, there is provided protective glasses that can be heated substantially uniformly throughout the protective glasses even when the protective glasses are irregularly shaped protective glasses. Is done.

  Preferably, according to this aspect of the invention, the number of conductive regions and the size of each conductive region are determined according to a predetermined power density of the region of the lens formed in an irregular shape. According to one embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the power density in each region is preferably the same as the power density in each region other than each region. According to another embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the power density of at least one region may be different from the power density of another region.

  The number of regions on the substrate and the size of each region may or may not be made according to the heating profile. In this regard, the heating profile is simply an understanding on the lens designer's side that the lens designer may desire uniform heating across the lens substrate in accordance with this aspect of the invention to the extent feasible. possible. Or, according to another aspect of the present invention, the understanding or profile may involve custom heating of the protective glasses, as may be the case, for example, for a snowboarder compared to a skier. A heating profile is typically used when one or more parts of the protective glasses should be intentionally warmer than the other parts of the protective glasses (eg, one side of the protective glasses is more than the other side). Can be used if it is warm or if the edge is warmer than the center). Thus, for example, in the case of a snowboarder, the snowboarder typically stands sideways while descending a hill, so one side of the lens corresponding to the snowboarder's front foot may require more heat. . In accordance with either the uniform heating aspect of the present invention or the custom heating aspect of the present invention, the heating profile is defined by the defined lens heating material region, the size and shape identification of the lens heating material region, relative May include more detailed write profiles, including one or more of the desired regions of increased or decreased heating, as well as the identification or calculation of the respective region power density. In this way, the heating profile is very simple and can be simply understood or even more complex and uniformly written, balanced or over protective glasses from one conductive region to the next. Determine whether uniform heating is desired, or whether a complete or proportional heating custom profile for each of the regions may be more desirable for a given protective eyeglass configuration or purpose. Using the present invention, both protective glasses formed into regular shapes and protective glasses formed into irregular shapes are heated uniformly or alternatively according to a custom heating profile Can be generated.

  In one embodiment of the invention, each conductive region is insulated by a conductive area on the protective eyeglass substrate. This embodiment of the present invention can be used separately by designers and manufacturers, such as those described in Cornelius co-pending US Patent Application Publication No. 13 / 397,691, US Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0212765. It is possible to provide driving of a separate area of the protective glasses with a plurality of electronic channels.

  In another embodiment of the invention, each conductive region is provided continuously with an adjacent region of heating material on the protective glasses. This embodiment of the present invention allows designers and manufacturers to produce protective glasses that heat uniformly or with a profile, with or without PWM control, and thus the present invention. This embodiment of the present invention simplifies the production of goggles and thus allows for less expensive goggles.

  With respect to any of the embodiments of the invention described above, the protective glasses according to this aspect of the invention are further connected to the conductive region and configured to interconnect the conductive region with a powered circuit. There may also be at least two bus bars. This embodiment of the present invention allows designers and manufacturers of protective glasses to work with a single channel circuit provided in goggles. Alternatively, in any embodiment of the present invention, the protective glasses according to this aspect of the present invention are further connected to each of said conductive regions, and each said conductive region is interconnected with a powered circuit It may have a plurality of conductive bus bars configured to do so. This embodiment of the present invention allows designers and manufacturers of heated protective glasses to work with a multi-channel circuit to provide more powerful control over the heating of protective glasses.

  According to any aspect of the present invention, and using any of the embodiments of the present invention, the specific resistivity of the heating material may be, for example, 10 ohm per square ITO (or other heating material) ), 20 ohms per square ITO, etc., can be varied according to different formulations of the heating material, or the thickness of the heating material can be varied to change this resistivity. Alternatively, according to any aspect of the present invention, any combination of different formulations and varying thicknesses of heating material may be employed. Thus, according to any aspect of the invention and any of the embodiments of the present invention, at least one heating material of the plurality of conductive regions of the protective glasses is included in the plurality of conductive regions of the protective glasses. It may be provided to have a specific resistivity square different from the specific resistivity square of the heating material in another conductive region. Furthermore, the composition of the heating material of at least one of the plurality of conductive regions may be selected according to a given resistivity per square of heating material. Still further, the resistivity per square of at least one heating material of the plurality of conductive regions may be determined, at least in part, by varying the thickness of the heating material applied to the substrate. In this way, designers and manufacturers of protective eyeglasses choose from the materials and thicknesses available according to any aspect of the invention or any embodiment, with or without a heating profile. This allows greater flexibility in designing the protective glasses and their desired heating characteristics. With such flexibility of design options for protective eyeglasses during design and manufacture, power density balancing across multiple conductive regions achieves given size, shape, voltage input and power density requirements It will be easier.

  Also, with respect to protective eyeglasses with customized heating aspects and / or embodiments of the present invention (whether in an electrically insulated heating zone embodiment or in a continuous heating zone embodiment), It will be apparent from the above that at least one region of the plurality of conductive regions can be provided to have a power density that is different from the power density of another region of the plurality of conductive regions. Thus, custom heating profiles are made easier by employing one or more conductive areas where the resistivity per square or thickness is different from other or other conductive areas or heating elements on the same protective glasses This makes it possible to adapt to specific needs such as performance requirements in extreme conditions, custom application, protective glasses formed in a very irregular shape.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, for all embodiments of the present invention, non-uniform heating occurs normally, regardless of whether a uniform heating profile or a custom heating profile is used. The protective glasses, which may be easy, are irregularly shaped protective glasses, so that the protective glasses substrate is preferably irregularly shaped. In this context, protective glasses or substrates formed in an irregular shape means protective glasses or substrates of any shape other than square or rectangular.

  Thus, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided protective eyeglasses configured to be used with a circuit that is powered at a given voltage, said circuit providing fogging of the protective eyeglasses. Preventing the occurrence of concentrated heating spots on the protective glasses, the protective glasses being configured to protect the user's eyes and at least partially between the user's eyes and the substrate. A plurality of electrically isolated conductors comprising an optically transparent substrate configured to define an enclosed space and an optically transparent and electrically resistive thin film conductive heating material on the substrate The power density of each region is the same as the power density of each region other than each region, and the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is the plurality of regions. Another conductive region of the conductive region The definitive specific resistivity per square of the heating material and has a different specific resistivity per square, and a plurality of electrically isolated conductive regions.

  Or alternatively, according to an alternative embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, there is provided protective glasses configured to be used with a circuit powered by a given voltage, said circuit comprising The protective glasses prevent fogging of the protective glasses and prevent the occurrence of concentrated heating spots on the protective glasses. The protective glasses are configured to protect the user's eyes and are provided between the user's eyes and the substrate. A plurality of consecutive conductive layers comprising an optically transparent substrate configured to define an at least partially enclosed space and an optically transparent and electrically resistive thin film conductive heating material on the substrate The power density of each region is the same as the power density of each region other than each region, and the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is the plurality of conductive regions. Another conductive region in the conductive region The kicking specific resistivity per square of the heating material and has a different specific resistivity per square, and a plurality of continuous conductive region.

  Furthermore, the resistivity per square of the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions can also be determined, at least in part, by changing the thickness of applying the heating material to the substrate. It will be understood from the above. Therefore, the resistivity of any region of the heating material as part of the present invention is to select a heating material having a different formulation and to change the thickness of application of the heating material to the lens substrate. It will be appreciated that it can be changed by one or both.

  The protective glasses of the present invention provide unique anti-fog protective glasses for use with ski goggles, diving masks, motorcycle helmet visors or snowmobile helmet visors and the like. Furthermore, the protective glasses according to the present invention provide unique anti-fog protective glasses for use in medical, high-tech, test or other work environments where fogging of the visor or protective glasses can be a problem. Using the present invention, the removal of unwanted concentrated heating points on the protective glasses can be designed with the present invention in that each region can be designed to an appropriate size and shape that results in a power density that is appropriate for the size of the region being heated. Achieved. The present invention also provides a pulse-width modulated (PWM) system as described in Cornelius co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 13 / 397,691 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0212765. Allows for prevention of fogging while also preventing central heating points on the protective glasses without the need for, but the present invention can also be used with such a PWM system if so desired for other reasons. obtain. In this way, the present invention achieves heating of the protective glasses, and therefore, the balancing of the heating of the protective glasses, or the customized zone heating of the protective glasses, is determined at the time of design and manufacture by the protective glasses themselves. In this respect, it prevents fogging while also preventing central heating on the protective glasses. This makes it possible to produce protective glasses and thus the resulting protective glasses using less complex and less expensive electronic circuitry, so that the protective glasses and the resulting goggles, mask or other protection The provision of glasses is made more cost effective to produce and functionally more efficient to prevent fogging and concentrated heating points on the protective glasses.

  The above aspect of the present invention is desirable over a nose column, for example, in the part of protective glasses that would produce too much power for the region to overheat the region with a centrally applied heating material. Providing protective eyeglasses adapted to be heated in an electrical circuit to prevent fogging and to raise the temperature of the inner face of the protective eyeglasses above the dew point, without generating no centralized heating points. Further, to maximize the efficiency of the system as disclosed in copending US patent application 13 / 397,691, US patent application publication 2013/0212765 by Cornelius, using PWM The benefits and properties of can be achieved by powering the protective glasses with a single highly portable power source, such as a lithium ion battery held in a goggle frame or strap. However, with the help of the present invention, a simple circuit consisting of one or more batteries, such as a lithium ion battery, and an on / off switch is heated uniformly throughout the lens or alternatively It would be sufficient to provide a non-fog goggle lens that is heated according to a customized pattern.

  The device of this aspect of the present invention is pulse-width modulated as described in co-pending Cornelius US Patent Application No. 13 / 397,691 and US Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0212765. : PWM) Allows balanced heating of the protective glasses, or alternatively customized heating, with or without a heater driver. Thus, the method of the present invention provides protective eyewear that is easy to produce and cost effective, and this protective eyewear is also uniform or customized with a variety of different heated goggles, masks or visors Functions to allow for improved heating. PWM heater drivers such as those disclosed in co-pending Cornelius patent applications 13 / 397,691 and US Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0212765 allow variable output of heating material on protective glasses. The ability to change the heat output of the protective glasses as much as possible to save energy with a single PWM channel heater driver Without the user simply wanting a uniform or customized heating profile of the protective glasses, the user achieves the desired result using simply a constant voltage, constant power heating system for the protective glasses of the present invention In that respect, a PWM heater driver is not necessary for the present invention. Thus, the present invention is for a battery on a snowmobile, airplane, car or other vehicle, as in the case of a smaller battery supported on a goggle body or strap, or if a larger battery is also available. As such, it can be adapted for use with protective eyeglass heating systems that utilize portable batteries.

  In any of the above embodiments of the invention, a non-conductive protective coating may be applied on the heating material to protect the heating material. This protective coating secured to the heating material and the substrate helps to ensure that the heating material is not damaged by scratches or the like that can impair the function of the heating material on the protective glasses.

  None of the methods for manufacturing the protective glasses of the present invention, or any of the above aspects of the resulting protective glasses of the present invention, ski, inner tubing, toboganing, ice climbing, snowmobile riding, cycling, running, other medical Or it may be adapted for use with the manufacture of sports goggles or any protective eyewear, such as handling a patient in a test environment. Further, any of the above aspects of the invention can be adapted for use in the manufacture of a diving mask eye shield.

  The subject matter of the present invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. However, both the organization and method of operation, together with its further advantages and purposes, can best be understood with reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like elements.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart for a method for adapting protective glasses for use in a system for preventing fogging of protective glasses while preventing central heating points on the protective glasses according to an aspect of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of at least a portion of protective eyeglasses having a plurality of equally sized electrically insulated heating material regions on a regular shaped lens substrate and connected in parallel with a dc battery. It is a front view. FIG. 3 shows an alternative implementation of at least a portion of protective eyeglasses having a plurality of isometric electrically insulated heating material regions on a lens substrate formed in an irregular shape and connected in parallel with a dc battery. It is a graphic representation front view of a form. FIG. 4 is a graphical representation front view of the alternative embodiment of FIG. 3 in which the power to the protective glasses is controlled by a plurality of corresponding pulse width modulated heater drivers. FIG. 5 has a plurality of (in plan view) electrically insulated heating material regions of different sizes on an irregularly shaped lens substrate, with a single upper bus bar and a single lower FIG. 6 is a graphical representation front view of another alternative embodiment of at least a portion of protective eyeglasses connected in parallel with a dc battery via a single pulse width modulator using a side busbar. FIG. 6a has a plurality (in plan view) of electrically insulated heating material regions of different sizes on a lens substrate formed in an irregular shape, either of equal or different thickness FIG. 7 is a graphic representation front view of another alternative embodiment of at least a portion of protective eyeglasses that may have a heated material region. FIG. 6b assumes uniform heating across multiple electrically isolated heating element regions on the lens substrate and is achieved by applying different thicknesses of the same transparent thin film conductive material to the lens substrate. FIG. 6b is a bottom view of a graphic representation of an alternative embodiment of a portion of the heated protective eyewear illustrated in FIG. 6a (assuming varying heating element regions in FIG. 6a). FIG. 6c shows the same transparent thin film conductive material on the lens substrate, assuming custom heating (ie, colder at the center and hotter at each end) across multiple electrically isolated heating element regions on the lens substrate. A graphic of an alternative embodiment of a portion of the heated protective glasses illustrated in FIG. 6a (assuming the heating element region of varying thickness in FIG. 6a), achieved by applying different thicknesses of It is an expression bottom view. FIG. 7a has a plurality (in plan view) of continuous heating material regions of different sizes on a lens substrate formed in an irregular shape, with heating material regions of either equal or different thickness. FIG. 6 is a graphic representation front view of another alternative embodiment of at least a portion of protective eyewear that may be included. FIG. 7b assumes a uniform heating over a plurality of successive heating element regions on the lens substrate and is achieved by applying different thicknesses of the same transparent thin film conductive material to the lens substrate (in FIG. 7a). FIG. 7b is a bottom view of a graphic representation of an alternative embodiment of a portion of the heated protective glasses illustrated in FIG. 7a (assuming varying thickness heating element regions). FIG. 7c assumes custom heating (ie, colder at the center and hotter at each end) over multiple successive heating element regions on the lens substrate, with different thicknesses of the same transparent thin film conductive material on the lens substrate. In a graphic representation bottom view of an alternative embodiment of a part of the heated protective glasses illustrated in FIG. 7a (assuming a heating element region of varying thickness in FIG. 7a) achieved by applying is there. FIG. 8 has a plurality of electrically insulated heating material regions on a lens substrate formed in an irregular shape, and each of the heating material regions is multi-channeled as in the case of a multi-channel PWM control goggles circuit. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another alternative embodiment of protective glasses that uses a plurality of upper bus bars and a single lower ground bus bar to connect to a circuit.

Referring to FIG. 1, a method 100 is disclosed that is initiated at a start location 102, which is adapted to use optically transparent protective eyeglasses for use in an electrical circuit on the protective eyeglasses. While preventing the occurrence of central heating, it prevents fogging of the protective glasses. The method 100 begins at 102 and then at 104 selects a non-conductive substrate that defines an optically transparent protective eyeglass and an outer periphery of the protective eyeglass, and at 106 preferably a DC battery voltage source (eg, The output of two 4.2 VDC fully charged lithium ion cells (8.4 VDC), but may be the output from the PWM driver, and the heating in the outer periphery of the protective glasses A heating profile for defining a pattern; and at 108, determining the number of regions and the size of each region (whether electrically isolated or continuous) according to the heating profile; 110 Selecting a desired power density (Pd) for each region in 112, and in 112, the heating region is a corresponding region of the protective glasses substrate. A step of mapping the top, a formula ^{R = (E 2 -Pd) /} H 2 calculating a resistance per square (R) of each region using, R = resistance per square (resistance per square) , E = voltage, Pd = power density, and H = distance between the busbars (this is the vertical distance, as in the case of the height between the upper and lower busbars, In step 116, applying a heating material with a corresponding resistive square to the corresponding conductive region of the protective glasses to calculate the corresponding region of the protective glasses. Configuring each to conduct electricity, and connecting and applying a bus bar to an area configured to conduct electricity at 116, wherein the bus bar and area are electrically connected. Applying, which is configured to complete an electrical circuit that conducts air and is powered by a battery. A plurality of upper bus bars and a single bus bar may be used, as illustrated with respect to FIG. 8 and described further below, or a single upper bus bar as illustrated with respect to FIG. 5 and described further below. It will be appreciated that a single lower bus bar can be used. It is understood that there are several different ways to apply heating materials such as ITO to the substrate, including commonly known methods of ion sputtering, coating, vacuum deposition, spraying, adhesives, adhesive support and other methods. Let's be done.

  An additional step in the process for making a heated lens according to the present invention involves applying a non-conductive protective coating on the heated material to protect the heated material on the substrate. Thus, the protective coating is secured to the heating material and the substrate to help ensure that the heating material on the protective eyeglass substrate is damaged by scratches or the like and loses its function.

  A protective eyeglass substrate (eg, 212 in FIG. 2, 312 in FIG. 3, 602 in FIG. 6a, 702 in FIG. 7a, or 800 in FIG. 8) is at 104 snow, rain, wind or other in the user's environment. It can be selected from any of a number of materials, such as optically clear polycarbonate, other plastics, tempered glass, etc., which are sufficiently rigid to shield the user's eyes from things such as relatively small airborne particles. In the case of ski goggles or other cold weather goggles, preferably protective eyeglass substrates (eg 212 in FIG. 2, 312 in FIG. 3, 602 in FIG. 6a, 702 in FIG. 7a, or 800 in FIG. 8) are used. Flexible enough to generally fit the person's head and face, and the protective glasses are preferably held in a semi-flexible frame, which holds the protective glasses around the outer edge of the frame And the protective glasses are held at an appropriate distance from the user's face by the use of a conventional strap so as to form a sealed space around and in front of the user's eye, and the frame is typically Provides a semi-permeable seal between the user's face and the rest of the goggles. The materials used for the various protective eyeglasses employed with the present invention can also be shredded, cracked or cased as needed for the particular purpose for which they were selected and as known to those skilled in the art. Some should be resistant to destruction.

  In the case of a diving mask, protective eyeglass substrates (eg, 212 in FIG. 2, 312 in FIG. 3, 602 in FIG. 6a, 702 in FIG. 7a, or 800 in FIG. 8) are typically somewhat stiffer at 104. In the case of a visor or medical full face eye shield, the substrate may be similarly selected from a somewhat more rigid plastic, or glass, material, in the case of a visor or medical full face eye shield, They are lightweight enough to allow the eyeglasses to be permanently and repeatedly placed in place and protect the user's eyes, but they are also stiff enough. The protective eyeglass substrate selection 104 is preferably adapted to have a smooth feel on both its inner (rear) surface and its outer (front) surface to form a bond with the selected heating material. Will be from the material made. Protective eyeglass substrate materials are well known to those skilled in the art, and the choice of any type of optically transparent protective eyeglass substrate is within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

  Still referring to FIG. 1, the number of regions on the substrate and the size of each region may or may not be made according to the heating profile. The heating profile can simply be the desire, thought or understanding on the lens designer's side that uniform heating across the lens substrate is desirable to the extent possible. Alternatively, the heating profile may involve custom heating of the protective glasses, such as may be the case for a snowboarder compared to a skier heating profile. Thus, where one or more parts of the protective glasses should be intentionally warmer than the other parts of the protective glasses (e.g., protective glasses) as opposed to simply heating uniformly over the protective glasses. If one side of the glasses is warmer than the other, or if the edge is warmer than the center), a more formal heating profile may be used. Thus, for example, in the case of a snowboarder, the snowboarder typically stands sideways while descending a hill, so one side of the lens corresponding to the snowboarder's front foot may require more heat. . Regardless of whether uniform heating or custom heating is contemplated, the heating profile can be defined as a defined lens heating material region, identification of the size and shape of the lens heating material region, relatively increased heating. Or, it may include a more detailed write profile that includes one or more of the desired regions of reduced heating, as well as the identification or calculation of the respective region power density. In this way, the heating profile is quite simple and can be understood simply or even more complex and written uniformly. The heating profile determines whether balanced or uniform heating across the protective glasses from one conductive region to the next conductive region is desired, or complete for each of the regions for a given protective eyeglass configuration or purpose. Decide if a custom profile of free or proportional heating may be more desirable. Using the present invention, both protective glasses formed into regular shapes and protective glasses formed into irregular shapes are heated uniformly or alternatively according to a custom heating profile. Can be generated.

  With particular reference now to FIGS. 2-8, the progression from less complex to more complex of various embodiments of the present invention is shown to power various sizes and shapes of substrates, protective glasses. Various methods (eg, dc battery and PWM), various formulations and thicknesses of heating material, various applications (eg, electrically isolated and continuous), and generalized heating or specific multi A number of possible combinations of the size and shape of the heating region are shown to accommodate the increasingly improved subdivision of the substrate to a channel PWM system. It is understood that there may be other combinations of the above basic elements to form a heated protective eyeglass lens that may not depart from the scope and spirit of the invention as described in the claims section of this specification. Let's do it. For example, in the present invention, the power supply is shown as coming from the top of the lens, and the busbars are above and below the lens, but those skilled in the art of electronics design will recognize the power supply as the true invention of the claimed invention. It will be appreciated that it can come from either the side of the lens or the bottom of the lens without departing from the scope and spirit.

  With particular reference to FIG. 2, a 8.4 volt direct current (VDC) voltage source 202 is powered from the top through parallel circuits 204, 206, 208, 210 and through parallel circuits 220, 222, 224. Three equally sized rectangular electrically isolated heating element regions A, B and C (regular 214, 216, 218, respectively) on regular (rectangular) protective glasses 212 grounded at the bottom 226 It is shown. Each of these regions A, B, and C is composed of ITO, zinc indium oxides (ZIOs), zinc tin oxides (ZTOs), or double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs). ) And the like (e.g., heating materials formulated to all have a resistivity of 20 ohm per square may be employed) and formulated with a transparent conductive thin film heater Have an equivalent heating element coating. FIG. 2 shows a simple version of the uniformly heated embodiment of the present invention, where each region is the same size, the same thickness and the same chemical formulation, so the power density of these regions ( The power density (Pd) is the same. Assuming a 20 ohm resistivity square (R), the power density in each region can be calculated with the following equation:

Pd = E ² / RxH ² , where Pd is power density, E is voltage, R is square per resistor, and H is height (distance between bus bars).

Adding value to this ^equation, 8.4 ² / ^{20x3 2} = 0.392 watts per square = Pd results. Again, this power density can be the same for each of the regions, and all other above factors can be equal (eg, heating material formulation, heating material thickness and heating material height) The glasses 212 are heated uniformly throughout the protective glasses. Interestingly, looking at the power density equation, even when A, B and C are combined together in a single heating element (equal input voltage, equal H value, heating material formulation, and heating material The power density is still the same (assuming thickness) and is not affected by the distance L. Thus, in this simple case of a substrate formed into a regular shape, a single heating element may be employed to achieve the same result, although FIG. 2 shows Cornelius patent application 13 / 397,691. As in the case of separate battery or PWM channel control according to US 2013/0212765, segmenting the heating element into multiple areas opens the option to heat each area separately It is shown. Furthermore, since uniform heating is not difficult to achieve with thin film heating elements on a rectangular or square substrate, FIG. 2 illustrates an application of the invention in which multiple heating elements are applied to a single protective eyeglass substrate. Represents the simplest case for.

  Further, the bus bar is not shown in FIG. 2, and according to the present invention, the bus bar is either on the protective eyeglass lens 212 itself or a goggle frame (not shown), depending on the desired configuration of the protective eyeglasses. It is shown that it can be accommodated in

  Referring now specifically to FIG. 3, for a substrate 312 formed in an irregular shape, additional complexity is introduced into that shown in FIG. 2, which includes three electrically isolated regions. Requires A, B, C (respectively 314, 316, 318) to be adjusted to fit a trapezoidal shaped substrate 312 rather than equal height. One such embodiment is the type that would have begun to introduce non-uniform heating into the protective eyewear device due to the irregularly shaped protective eyeglass substrate 312 without using the present invention. . The embodiment of FIG. 3 illustrates that the higher the H value of the heating element materials A, B, C (314, 316, 318), the lower the power density Pd. Thus, assuming a constant resistivity per square (R) of 20 ohms, for different shapes A, B, C to cover the trapezoidal shaped substrate 312, the power density calculation has different results as follows: Produce.

A: Addition of ^Pd = E 2 / RxH ^binary, 8.4 ² / ^{20x3 2} = 0.392 watts per square B: When ^Pd = E 2 / RxH adding ^binary, 8.4 2 ^{/20x3.6 2} = 0.272 watts per square C: Pd = E ² / RxH ² Adding the value, 8.4 ² /20×4.2 ² = 0.200 watts per square Therefore, a shape with a higher height (ie, Region C, 318) is lower (eg, 0) than other shapes with shorter height (H) when other factors (input voltage, thickness of heating material and heating material resistivity mix) are equal. It can be seen that it has a power density (in 200 watts per square). Assuming the same voltage input, the lower the area power density, the lower the area will operate. Conversely, a shape with a smaller height (ie, shape A, 314) has a higher power density if other factors (such as input voltage, heating material thickness and heating material resistivity) are equal. Have. Thus, areas that are not very high, such as area A in this embodiment, tend to be overheated, so that the designers and manufacturers of protective eyewear will want to illustrate and describe later with respect to FIGS. Depending on the parameters, the heating material selected when designing the lens, the thickness of the heating material applied, or the height of the heating element can be varied, either uniform heating over the substrate or custom Regardless of heating, it is advantageous to segment the area and design the power density profile according to the desired profile.

  With respect to FIGS. 2-8, it should be noted that the present invention has several different embodiments of protective glasses, ranging from simple to more complex. As an example of simpler protective eyewear according to the present invention, and referring now to FIG. Now 20 ohms per square), the same thickness and the same applied voltage are assumed. Nevertheless, due to the different heights (H) of the heating element regions, non-uniform heating of the region of the embodiment of FIG. 3 can occur without application of the present invention. As with any embodiment of the invention of this application, the resistivity of the heating element is changed, whether uniform heating or custom heating, thereby changing the power density of the region according to the profile. In order to operate, one will appreciate that the heating element formulation or thickness can be varied.

  Further, with respect to FIG. 3, electrically isolated segments or regions A, B, C (314, 316, 318) are shown, but these regions are connected via parallel circuit wires 306, 308, 310. Note that it is driven by a single power supply 302 and is grounded at 326 via parallel circuit wires 320, 322, 324. A single bus bar is implied (or conversely, multiple bus bars may be used to provide power to and from the single power source shown), thus this embodiment of the present invention Suitable for heating controlled with or without PWM controlled heating. Note that for a single power supply 302 as shown, consecutive segments A, B, C could also be employed with similar results.

  Referring now specifically to FIG. 4, one embodiment of protective glasses and substrate 414 similar to that of FIG. 3 is presented. However, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, PWM-1 for driving protective glasses through independent connections 408, 410, 412 for heating zones A, B, C (416, 418, 420, respectively). A 3-channel PWM circuit is designated as shown in Cornelius patent application 13 / 397,691, US patent application publication 2013/0212765 having 402, PWM-2 404, PWM-3 406. Yes. As in FIG. 3, each region A, B, C is the same square per resistivity, eg, 20 ohms square, but in this embodiment, both regions A and B are C power density ( By limiting the PWM output until it has the same power density as Pd), the amount of power to each region is controlled by delivering less power to B and less power to A. Thus, protective glasses that are uniformly heated can be provided. In order to achieve maximum balanced (uniform) power to all of the protective eyewear regions A, B, C, if the regions of A and B are normal (assuming C is operating at full power) Note that the option that is mainly available is to limit the power to regions B and A (via PWM in this embodiment) since it will be hotter than C.

  Referring now to FIG. 5, there are four electrically isolated heating element regions A, B, C, D (510, 512, 514, 516, respectively) thereon and a single channel PWM (PWM-1 ) Irregularly shaped substrate 506 for protective eyeglasses powered by power source 502 through circuit wire 504 to single upper bus bar 508 and from lower bus bar 518 to ground wire 520 It is shown.

Using the equation R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² , the resistance value (R) of each region can be calculated, E = 8.4 volt direct current (VDC), power density (power density). : Pd) = 0.2 watts per square, and given height (distance between bus bars, eg Ha = 3.0, Hb = 4.0, Hc = 4.0 and Hd = 2.5) According to the assumptions:

A: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/3 ² = 39.2 ohm per square B: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/4 ² = 22.1 ohm per square C: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/4 ² = 22.1 ohms per square D: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2) /2.5 ² = 56.5 ohm per square Thus, by applying a heating material based on these calculations, protective glasses with uniform heating (ie, equal power density) across the lens Generated. This resistance-to-resistance square result can be achieved by selecting different formulations of heating material for different heating elements, or alternatively, this is a heating material of equal resistivity formulation of different thickness according to the calculation Can be achieved by applying to the heating element region. Alternatively, a combination of both methods of changing resistivity can be employed. Finally, if custom heating is desired, this can be calculated and achieved as specified further below with respect to FIG.

  Referring still to FIG. 5, a balanced protective eyeglass that is uniformly heated has now been achieved, so a single channel PWM can be used to vary the input current as shown to power the entire protective eyeglass. The desired level of density can be achieved. For example, if 50% power is desired uniformly throughout the lens, it can be achieved by setting the single channel PWM 502 to a 50% on 50% off setting using this embodiment of the invention. Thus, in this embodiment of the present invention, balancing the protective glasses region is achieved directly with the configuration of the protective glasses and their heating elements, so multi-channel PWM is not required for this balancing. On the other hand, if only full power application is preferred for a given protective eyeglass, a single channel PWM, in this embodiment of the invention, provides a full power on / off uniformly across the lens, It can simply be replaced with a single battery and an on / off switch.

  Referring now to FIG. 6a, a protective glasses substrate 602 is provided having more electrically isolated heating element regions AH than provided in the previous embodiment to control the protective glasses. The degree to which a uniform or custom heating can be achieved over the protective glasses formed in even more irregular shapes is further improved. Thus, as shown in FIG. 6a, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H (604, 606, 608, 610, 612, 614, 616, respectively) having the illustrated size values. 618), a protective eyeglass having eight heating element regions.

  The resistivity of the heating element regions AG of this embodiment of the present invention is normalized and applied to the substrate as shown at 620, 622, 624, 626, 628, 630, 632, 634 in FIG. 6b. Use different thicknesses of heating element material (eg ITO) or different resistivity formulations of heating material applied to the substrate (eg 10 ohm per square, 800 angstrom thickness in 800 angstrom ITO) Uniform heating across the protective eyeglass substrate 602 is provided by either using 20 ohms per square in ITO, etc.). Finally, a combination of these methods can be employed.

  Alternatively, the resistivity of the heating element regions AH of this embodiment can be customized as shown in FIG. 6c to provide greater heating on the inside (eg, in regions C-F) of the protective glasses. Can be provided and less heating can be provided on the outside of the protective glasses (eg, in regions AB and GH) or can be provided according to some other custom profile. As shown in FIG. 6 c, this changes the thickness of each region 636, 638, 640, 642, 644, 646, 648, 650, 652 of the protective glasses, and the resistance of that part of the protective glasses This is achieved by changing the rate. Alternatively, this may be done by selecting different resistivity formulations of the heating material applied to the substrate (eg, 10 ohms per square for 800 Å thick ITO, 20 ohms per square for 800 Å thick ITO, etc.). Can be achieved. Finally, combinations of these methods can be employed as well.

  Thus, regardless of whether a uniformly heated embodiment of the protective glasses is desired or a customized heating embodiment of the protective glasses is desired, the resistance of different segments of the protective glasses by varying the thickness PWM heating channels by varying the rate, by selecting different formulations of the heating material, or as disclosed in Cornelius patent application 13 / 397,691, US patent application publication 2013/0212765 It will be appreciated that the desired result can be achieved by utilizing the technique.

  Thus, the embodiment shown in FIG. 6a with regions A-H normalizes or equalizes the R value, for example using one or both of heating material formulation selection and thickness application. As described above, the power density is balanced. Thus, one advantage illustrated by the embodiment shown in FIG. 6a is that the lens is already normalized if, for example, a multi-channel PWM heating source should be used to change the power density of the region. As such, the PWM system may not need to compensate for undesirable central heating locations. This in turn allows for greater range control of the entire lens by PWM, since some of the degree of adjustment available is not lost in compensating the overheated area of the protective glasses .

  Referring to FIG. 6a as an example, increasing the number of regions, as shown by various resistivity values calculated as follows (and can be achieved as described above): In addition, it may be desirable to provide a better granularity or degree of control of the heated area on the protective glasses.

A: When R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value is added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/3 ² = 39.2
B: When R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value is added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/3.7 ² = 25.8
C: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/3.8 ² = 24.4
D: When R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value is added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/4.2 ² = 20.0
E: When R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value is added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/4.2 ² = 20.0
F: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/3.8 ² = 24.4
G: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/2.7 ² = 48.4
H: R = (E ² / Pd) / H ² value added, R = (8.4 ² /0.2)/2.2 ² = 72.9
The above-mentioned resistivity-per-square values are calculated for uniform heating across the substrate 602 and use PWM to change the effective voltage, or the heating material formulation or application thickness applied as described above. This can be accomplished by either changing the size. Further, as shown and described in FIG. 8, for example, the greater the specificity of the region, the greater the control over the lens that can be achieved, and that a greater degree of uniformity can be achieved across the lens. It will be understood.

  Referring now to FIGS. 7a-7c, a portion of a protective eyeglass substrate 702 having a plurality of successive heating element regions A-H (704, 706, 708, 710, 712, 714, 716, 718, respectively) is provided. Has been. For example, for protective glasses formed in a highly irregular shape, a greater degree of uniform heating specificity on a given protective eyeglass is desired, although for that If a simplified electronic circuit system is desired, such as a simple battery, the present invention includes embodiments such as the embodiment of FIG. 7a, where a single upper bus bar 754 and a single The lower bus bar 756 can be used to connect to this plurality of successive heating element regions.

  FIG. 7b shows a balanced heated protective eyeglass or screen, where, as in FIG. 6b, uniform heating can be achieved by varying the thickness of the applied heating material and different areas. Can be achieved by one or a combination of selecting differently formulated heating materials. However, in this embodiment, it is preferable to change the thickness of the heating material because in this way a smoother transition of the change in resistivity across the lens can be achieved without banding. Accordingly, FIG. 7b shows uniformly heated protective glasses having regions 720, 722, 724, 726, 728, 730, 732, 734, the inner regions 724, 726, 728, 730 being outer regions 720, 722. , 732, 734, providing normalized heating across the substrate, similar to that previously described with respect to FIG. 6b. However, as shown in FIG. 7b, the transition between successive segments or regions of heating material is smoother and less step-like, allowing less contrast between regions, and therefore between regions. Enables a smoother power density transition. In other words, the power density of the continuous embodiment of the protective glasses shown in FIG. 7b is continuously variable.

  FIG. 7c shows a customized heated protective eyeglass having a plurality of successive heating elements 736, 738, 740, 742, 744, 746, 748, 750, 752, where FIG. Similarly, the custom heating profile provides warmer segments in the central areas 740, 742, 744, 746 and cooler areas in the outer areas 736, 738, 750, 752. As described with respect to FIG. 7b, power density transitions using this embodiment are less stepped across the protective glasses and change more continuously, and thus smoother power density transitions between these successive regions I will provide a. Also, as with the protective glasses of FIGS. 6a-6c and FIGS. 7a-7b, the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7c provides a single bus bar 754,756, It can be achieved using a single power source, such as a battery, or a single channel PWM.

  The diagrams illustrating the embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 6b, 6c, 7b and 7c are for illustration only. Attempts have also been made to show relative differences in the thickness of application of heating materials at a constant scale, although these thicknesses are on the order of hundreds of angstroms, Will be understood to represent a rough approximation of the relative thickness of the material, not an actual constant scale representation.

  Referring now to FIG. 8, there is shown a protective eyeglass substrate 800 that is more divided than the previously described embodiment, ie, 24 heating regions, regions 802, A-X. Preferably, each of these heating regions 802, A-X is normalized as described above in that they have either uniform heating or a desired custom profile. This embodiment of the present invention does not have a very high area across the nasal column (ie, they have a smaller H value) and therefore they should be subject to overheating as usual without the present invention. Is clearly shown. Further, as described in Cornelius Patent Application No. 13 / 397,691 and US Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0212765, multiple PWM channels are used to protect eyeglasses in a manner that preserves battery life. A plurality of channels ax are provided so that the system can be further specified and driven. In addition, FIG. 8 illustrates the use of multiple bus bars, where each channel provides independent control of and power to each heating region 802, A-X and a single ground bus bar 806. to enable.

  Because of the greater specified granularity of control provided with the embodiment of the present invention of FIG. 8, all the different detail profiles are all in the same protective glasses as driven by the computer microprocessor contained within the goggles. Can be implemented. Some examples of these profiles include skier clear sky profiles, snowboarder icing status profiles, rock climber rainfall status profiles, rescue patrol profiles, snowmobile profiles and diving mask profiles.

  While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications can be made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects. For example, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various components of various embodiments of the invention can be mixed and matched without departing from the true spirit of the invention as claimed. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to encompass all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.

Claims (23)

Eyeglasses configured to be used with a circuit powered by a given voltage, the circuit preventing fogging of the protective eyeglasses and of a central heating location on the protective eyeglasses To prevent the occurrence, the protective glasses
An optically transparent substrate configured to protect at least one of the user's eyes and at least partially enclosed between the substrate and at least one of the user's eyes The optically transparent substrate configured to define a space to be formed;
A plurality of conductive regions made of an optically transparent and electrically thin film conductive heating material on the substrate.   2. The protective glasses according to claim 1, wherein the number of conductive regions and the size of each conductive region are determined according to a predetermined power density.   The protective glasses according to claim 2, wherein the power density of each region is the same as the power density of each region other than the regions.   The protective glasses according to claim 2, wherein the power density of at least one region is different from the power density of another region. The protective glasses according to claim 1, further comprising:
Protective eyewear comprising at least two bus bars connected to the conductive region and configured to interconnect the conductive region with the powered circuit.   2. The protective glasses according to claim 1, wherein each conductive region is insulated by an electrically non-conductive area on the substrate. The protective glasses according to claim 6, further comprising:
Protective eyewear comprising a plurality of conductive bus bars connected to each of the conductive regions and configured to interconnect each of the conductive regions with the powered circuit.   2. The protective glasses according to claim 1, wherein the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is a specific resistivity of the heating material in another conductive region of the plurality of conductive regions. Protective eyeglasses that have a specific resistivity per square different from every square.   7. The protective glasses according to claim 6, wherein the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is a specific resistivity of the heating material in another conductive region of the plurality of conductive regions. Protective eyeglasses that have a specific resistivity per square different from every square.   9. The protective glasses according to claim 8, wherein the composition of the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is selected in accordance with a given resistivity square of the heating material.   10. The protective glasses according to claim 9, wherein the composition of the heating material of at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is selected according to a given square of resistivity for the heating material.   9. The protective glasses of claim 8, wherein the resistivity square of the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is at least partially applied to the substrate with a thickness that applies the heating material. Protective glasses that are determined by changing the height.   9. The protective glasses of claim 8, wherein the resistivity square of the heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is at least partially applied to the substrate with a thickness that applies the heating material. Protective glasses that are determined by changing the height.   The protective glasses of claim 1, wherein the power density of each conductive region is balanced against each conductive region other than each conductive region for uniform heating across the substrate. Protective glasses.   2. The protective glasses according to claim 1, wherein the substrate has an irregular shape.   9. The protective glasses according to claim 8, wherein at least one region of the plurality of conductive regions has a power density different from the power density of another conductive region of the plurality of conductive regions. Protective glasses.   10. The protective glasses according to claim 9, wherein at least one region of the plurality of conductive regions has a power density different from the power density of another conductive region of the plurality of conductive regions. Protective glasses. Protective eyeglasses configured to be used with a circuit powered by a given voltage, the circuit preventing fogging of the protective eyeglasses and preventing the occurrence of a central heating spot on the protective eyeglasses The protective glasses are
An optically transparent substrate configured to protect a user's eye and configured to define an at least partially enclosed space between the user's eye and the substrate The optically transparent substrate,
A plurality of electrically isolated conductive regions comprising an optically transparent and electrically resistive thin film conductive heating material on the substrate,
The power density of each region is the same as the power density of each region other than each region,
The heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions has a specific resistivity that is different from the specific resistivity per square of the heating material in another conductive region of the plurality of conductive regions. Each square has
And a plurality of electrically insulated conductive regions. Protective eyeglasses configured to be used with a circuit powered by a given voltage, the circuit preventing fogging of the protective eyeglasses and preventing the occurrence of a central heating spot on the protective eyeglasses The protective glasses are
An optically transparent substrate configured to protect a user's eye and configured to define an at least partially enclosed space between the user's eye and the substrate The optically transparent substrate,
A plurality of continuous conductive regions comprising an optically transparent and electrically resistive thin film conductive heating material on the substrate,
The power density of each region is the same as the power density of each region other than each region,
The heating material in at least one of the plurality of conductive regions has a specific resistivity that is different from the specific resistivity per square of the heating material in another conductive region of the plurality of conductive regions. Each square has
And a plurality of continuous conductive regions.   19. The protective glasses according to claim 18, wherein the resistivity-specific squares of the heating material in the at least one of the plurality of conductive regions at least partially apply the heating material to the substrate. Protective eyewear that is determined by changing the thickness.   20. The protective glasses of claim 19, wherein the squares of resistivity of the heating material in the at least one of the plurality of conductive regions at least partially apply the heating material to the substrate. Protective eyewear that is determined by changing the thickness.   19. Protective eyewear according to claim 18, wherein the composition of the heating material in the at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is selected according to a given resistivity per square of the heating material. .   20. Protective eyewear according to claim 19, wherein the composition of the heating material in the at least one of the plurality of conductive regions is selected according to a given resistivity per square of the heating material. .

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