JP2016531013A - Numerically controlled machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a numerically controlled machine tool comprising a machine bed 1, a cabin having a cabin wall surrounding at least a part of the machine bed 1, and at least one forming element 2, the forming element 2 being substantially panel-shaped. And is attached to the machine tool such that a cavity 3 exists between the forming element 2 and the cabin wall and / or the machine bed 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a numerically controlled machine tool, and more particularly to a numerically controlled machine tool including a forming element that protects a machine bed of the machine tool from a change in ambient temperature of the machine tool.

  Numerically controlled machine tools supported on a machine bed are known in the prior art. The machine tool is closed to the outside by a machine cabin and protects the operator from chip material that can scatter around the workpiece during machining operations and from splashing coolant. At the same time, the cabin protects against external influences such as airflow that can distort the machining accuracy. However, the disadvantage of conventional machine tools is still that temporary temperature changes in the machine tool area can lead to thermal deformation, especially of the machine bed of the machine tool. These often relatively small deformations, however, can significantly reduce the machining accuracy of the machine tool.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide further improved machining accuracy by producing a numerically controlled machine tool that is less sensitive to environmental temperature changes in the numerically controlled machine tool.

  This object is achieved by the invention according to the independent claims. Further preferred developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

  According to a first aspect of the invention, a numerically controlled machine tool, a machine bed that can be set up on a flat floor area (eg shop floor), and a cabin supported by (or on) the machine bed A molding element covering the lower part of the machine bed between at least the flat floor area and the cabin wall of the cabin, the molding element in the machine tool such that a cavity is formed between the machine bed and the molding element A machine tool to be mounted is proposed.

  The invention allows an insulating cavity to be formed by a molding element, especially around the lower part of the machine bed, which is not protected by the cabin itself and exposed outside in machine tools known in the prior art. doing. The thermal insulation properties of the cavities make it possible for the deformation of the machine bed to be greatly reduced or not deformed, in particular due to temperature changes that occur temporarily in the machine shop where the inventive machine tool is set up. Such a temperature change can occur, for example, in the winter when machine shop gates must be opened and temperature drops near the floor can occur very rapidly. Since the deformation of the machine bed caused by temperature changes is prevented, the accuracy of the workpiece machining operation is therefore further increased or at least guaranteed to a higher degree.

  The forming element preferably extends substantially from the flat floor area to the upper part of the machine bed, such that the upper part of the forming element is particularly preferably arranged between the machine bed and the lower part of the cabin. It is particularly preferred that the lower part of the cabin is in contact with the molding element. Due to such a direct transition between the forming element and the cabin, the machine bed is protected or at least insulated from short-term external temperature changes in the event of short-term temperature changes.

  The forming element is preferably machined by surrounding at least along the front side of the machine bed, along two or more sides of the machine bed, at the bottom of the machine bed, or even around the entire circumference of the machine bed. Cover the bottom of the bed.

The molding element preferably consists of a metal and / or plastic material.
The forming element preferably comprises one or more extruded cross-section sheets that are preferably adapted to the contour of the machine bed.

  The molding element preferably has a surface coating consisting of a coating material having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the molding element material. Therefore, the thermal insulation of the cavity can be further improved. The surface coating here is preferably provided on the surface of the molding element facing the cavity.

  The forming element is preferably attached to the machine bed by means of a plurality of attachment elements, in particular by screws or bolts, and the attachment element preferably extends from the forming element through the cavity to the machine bed. The mounting element here preferably consists of a material having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material of the molding element. Thus, the machine bed can be further improved and protected from external temperature changes and / or temperature changes of the temperature of the molding element.

  The forming element preferably has a recess, so that the distance from the forming element to the machine bed changes, and the recess is formed in the lower edge of the forming element. This creates a space for the operator's forefoot area, allowing the machine user to get closer to the machine at the position of the recess.

  A rubber edge is preferably mounted along the lower edge of the molding element and is suitable for sealing the gap between the lower edge of the molding element and the flat floor area. The advantage is that even in the case of minor imperfections in the flatness of the shop floor, the cavities are protected from air or airflow in the floor area of the workplace and the thermal protection and insulation of the machine bed is further improved with respect to the outside. Is that it can be done.

  The machine bed preferably has a machine bed foot that extends outward in the horizontal direction and rests on a flat floor area, the molding element has a recess, and the machine bed foot extends through the recess. To do.

  Further advantageous aspects of the invention are described below. According to an exemplary embodiment, a numerically controlled machine tool may have a machine bed and a cabin having a cabin wall. The cabin wall may surround at least a portion of the machine bed. Furthermore, the machine tool may have at least one forming element that may have a substantially panel-like basic shape. The forming element can be secured to the machine tool such that a cavity can be formed between the forming element and the cabin wall and / or the machine bed.

  This advantageously allows an insulating cavity to be created by the molding element, in particular around the machine bed. The thermal insulation properties of the cavities make it possible for the deformation of the machine bed to be reduced or undeformed, in particular due to temperature changes that occur temporarily in the machine shop where the inventive machine tool is set up. Such temperature changes can occur, for example, in the winter when the machine shop gates must be opened. Since the deformation of the machine bed caused by temperature changes is prevented, the accuracy of the workpiece machining operation is further increased, or at least guaranteed to a higher degree.

  Furthermore, the molding element can be arranged on the lower part of the machine bed up to a predetermined height of the machine bed. The cavity can be located between the machine bed and the molding element.

  The lower part of the machine bed preferably designates the area of the machine bed that is arranged in the direction of the shop floor on which the machine is placed, or the area by which the machine is set up. A preferred predetermined height is in the range of 1 cm to 50 cm, more preferably 10 cm to 30 cm. Values greater than 50 cm or less than 1 cm are possible. The predetermined height is preferably measured starting from the shop floor or from the plane on which the machine bed or the machine tool itself is located.

  Alternatively or additionally, the cabin may completely surround the bottom of the machine bed. The molding element may then be mounted on the outside and / or inside of the cabin wall, or the molding element is attached to a machine bed inside the cabin wall, i.e. between the cabin wall and the machine bed.

  Especially when the cavity is formed between the machine bed and the molding element, temperature changes that directly cause deformation of the machine bed can be prevented particularly effectively. This is particularly useful with respect to the cool air flow in the bottom region. For example, temperature changes caused by the opening of a machine shop gate are usually caused by cold mass flowing near the floor. Thus, enclosing a part of the entire bottom has the favorable effect that the machine bed is particularly well insulated in this region by the molding elements and / or cavities.

  The cabin can be arranged above the molding element. The forming element can be placed between the shop floor and the cabin. In this case, the machine bed is protected from temperature changes at the bottom by molding elements and / or cavities. The cabin wall does not need to extend to the shop floor with a complex design. The forming element may cover only one side wall of the machine bed, partially or completely, or a plurality of side walls. Of course, the molding element may completely surround the machine bed.

  A part of the molding element can further be arranged between the cabin and the machine bed. That is, only the molding element is provided in the lower part of the machine bed, and the cabin wall is arranged on the outside of the machine bed or part of the machine tool arranged above this lower part. The molding element is arranged on this upper part between the cabin wall and the machine bed. The advantage is that gaps and / or openings can be safely avoided in the transition between the molding element and the cabin wall.

  Furthermore, the molding element can be arranged at least on the side wall of the machine bed. The forming element may additionally or alternatively cover at least part of the rear wall and / or at least part of the side wall of at least one of the cabins. The forming element may completely surround the machine bed.

  In general terms, improved thermal insulation inside the cabin can be achieved for the cabin environment as the volume of the cavity formed is increased or as the surface area of the machine bed covered by the molding element is increased. Therefore, it is possible to better prevent the temperature change in the cabin environment from leading to the temperature change inside the cabin. This is particularly desirable for changes that occur for a short time and result in a short time deformation of the machine bed.

  Furthermore, the molding element can be adapted to the shape of the cabin wall such that the molding element and the cabin wall and / or the machine bed form a closed cavity with respect to the outside.

  A cavity closed to the outside means that substantially no air mass is exchanged between the cavity and the environment outside the cavity, or only a small amount. This allows, for example, the formation of a constant air cushion within the cavity, effectively reducing the heat flow through the cavity.

  The cavities can also be filled with air or evacuated. Furthermore, the material can be placed inside the cavity and does not exceed a predetermined thermal conductivity. The air can be evacuated by a small pump.

  As explained above, the supply of the cavity, which is closed to the outside in particular, provides a small heat transfer coefficient and thus good thermal insulation. Another improvement with respect to insulation can be achieved with a vacuum cavity. As used herein, the term “evacuated” means that the cavity contains a vacuum. Here, the low vacuum already leads to a favorable reduction in the heat transfer coefficient.

  Furthermore, the molding element can be composed of or comprise a metal and / or plastic material.

  Metallic materials are preferred with respect to good production capacity of the forming elements, especially in less complex work processes, such as metal bending. Plastic materials can also be processed for the desired molding, with the further advantage that the thermal conductivity of the plastic is usually relatively low. Thus, the thermal insulation properties of the molding element can be further supported.

  Furthermore, the forming element can be an extruded cross-sectioned sheet that can be adapted to the contour of the machine tool cabin by bending. Additionally or alternatively, the molding element may consist of a plurality of individual elements.

  This flexibility in terms of manufacturing technology allows, in particular, the forming element to adapt to virtually any profile of the machine tool or cabin wall or machine bed without additional complicated manufacturing efforts.

  Furthermore, the molding element can preferably have a coating on the surface that can be placed inside the cavity. The coating can include a material having a thermal conductivity that can be below a predetermined maximum thermal conductivity.

  Thus, an additional thermal barrier is provided, which further reduces the heat flow through the molding element and the resulting cavity. The predetermined maximum thermal conductivity, expressed in W / mK, is preferably less than 3 here, and the predetermined maximum thermal conductivity, expressed in W / mK, is more preferably less than 1. For example, a plastic material is preferable as a coating material.

  Furthermore, the forming element can be removed from the machine tool and / or fixedly attached to the machine tool by indentation and / or friction connections. The forming element can preferably be connected to a machine bed. It is preferred to use at least one bolt for attaching the forming element.

  This allows for a quick and less complex installation of the forming element to the machine tool, for example by means of a screw connection or a snap-on connection, and at the same time a quick removal, for example when the necessary maintenance work has occurred on the machine tool Become. Secondly, the bolt allows a permanent and secure fixation which is not too complicated.

  Furthermore, the molding element has a recess, so that the distance of the molding element to the machine bed along the length of the molding element can change when the molding element is mounted on the machine bed.

  That is, if the molding element covers, for example, the front side of the machine bed, the front side includes a portion where the molding element is located closer to the machine bed than in other portions. This is particularly advantageous in this work area because the machine tool operator must be able to be as close as possible to the machine in the work area of the machine tool. As the forming element approaches and abuts the machine bed in this region, the operator is not disturbed by the forming element.

  Furthermore, some of the molding elements that can be aligned with the shop floor can have rubber edges. The advantage is that it is possible to compensate for imperfections in the flatness of the shop floor and to ensure an optimal abutment of the molding elements on the shop floor. Thus, a gap or opening between the shop floor and the molding element is safely prevented and an optimal thermal insulation effect of the molding element and / or cavity is possible.

  Furthermore, the molding element can have a recess for receiving a machine bed foot, for example. This serves to ensure both a safe set-up of the machine tool on the foot and an optimum thermal insulation effect by the forming element.

  In summary, the invention thus makes it possible to further improve the machine tool, in particular with respect to the achievable manufacturing accuracy, in particular by reducing the sensitivity to temperature changes in the machine bed and thus to the induced deformation.

  The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings.

2 is two 3D views of a molding element according to the invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view of a forming element disposed on a machine bed of a machine tool. 1 is a top view of a forming element attached to a machine bed of a machine tool. FIG. FIG. 6 shows a further side view of the inventive molding element arranged on the machine bed and an enlarged part.

  Various examples of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Equal or similar elements in the figures are denoted by equal reference signs here. However, the invention is not limited to the described implementation features, but further includes variations of the example features and combinations of different example features described within the scope of the independent claims.

  FIG. 1 shows two perspective views of a forming element 2 according to the invention used as a heat shield for better insulation of a numerically controlled machine tool. The illustrated molding element 2 includes two panel-like elements 2a and 2b arranged in an L shape with respect to each other. The two elements 2a and 2b are fixedly connected to each other via L-shaped corner points. Alternatively, the molding element 2 may be integrally molded. The L-shape makes it possible to assign the longer element 2 b to the front side of the machine bed 1. The shorter element 2 a can be arranged in front of the side wall of the machine bed 1.

  As shown below from the two illustrations in FIG. 1, the forming element 2 has two larger recesses 2f, which are arranged such that the recesses 2f can accommodate the machine bed foot 1a. Furthermore, two illustrations of the molding element 2 show that the shorter element 2a of the molding element 2 has a recess 2c provided in the lower part of the molding element 2 which is arranged in the direction of the shop floor when the molding element 2 is assembled. Is shown. When the forming element 2 is mounted on the machine bed 1 or the side wall 4 of the machine bed 1, the recess 2 c reduces the distance between the side wall 4 and the inner wall of the forming element 2. This is particularly advantageous with respect to the fact that the recess 2c prevents the forming element 2 from interfering with the operator when the operator operates the machine tool. Specifically, these recesses 2c can receive the operator's feet, so that the operator can be very close to the machine tool.

  Furthermore, the individual element 2 a is provided with a receiving part for receiving a bolt 5 a for pushing into the machine bed 1 and / or forming the frictional connection part 5. Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows that the end region 2g of the forming element 2 has a shape that is adapted so that the forming element can be attached to the machine bed 1 as accurately as possible in terms of shape. For example, the two end regions 2g have angled regions that allow, for example, the forming element 2 to engage with the machine tool cabin wall as precisely as possible.

  Furthermore, the illustration on the right side of FIG. 1 shows that a reinforcing material is provided in the region of the inner wall of the molding element 2 that ensures better structural strength of the molding element 2.

  Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows the forming element 2 in a state mounted on the machine bed 1. The side view of FIG. 2 shows the part of the molding element 2 indicated by 2b in FIG. The molded element 2 shown, in its assembled state, covers at least the entire lower part of the machine bed 1 and the foot 1a of the machine bed 1 is inserted into the recess 2f to fit snugly. A gap optionally present between the foot 1a and the edge of the recess 2f can be completely closed by the sealing material.

  Further, FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the recess 2 c arranged at the lower part of the molding element 2. The rubber edge 2e is disposed below the lower part. The rubber edge 2e allows the forming element 2 to be terminated as closely as possible with the shop floor on which the machine tool is placed. The cavity 3 between the molding element 2 and the side wall 4 of the machine bed 1 is thus protected as well as possible from a cold draft, for example. As a result, it is possible to optimally insulate the machine bed 1 even with respect to a temporary temperature change in the workplace where the machine tool is set up. The rubber edge 2e extends substantially along the entire length of the molding element 2, but may be interrupted in the region of the machine bed foot 1a as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows in detail the shape of the recess 2 f of the molding element 2. The first recess 2f in which the machine bed foot 1a of FIG. 2 is shown has a substantially rectangular region with the lower part adjacent to the channel-like part. The area of the channel-like part accommodates the part of the machine bed foot 1a that is placed on the shop floor. Another recess 2f arranged in the edge region of the molding element 2 has a substantially stepped shape.

  FIG. 3 shows a top view of the forming element 2 fixedly connected to the connection 5 by the machine bed 1. The connecting portion 5 preferably comprises a bolt 5 a that holds the forming element 2 on at least one side wall 4 of the machine bed 1. The illustration of FIG. 3 shows that at least two side walls 4 of the machine bed 1 are covered with the molding element 2 due to the L-shape of the two individual elements 2a, 2b of the molding element 2, so that It shows that a cavity 3 is formed between the inner wall and the two side walls 4 of the machine bed 1. This cavity 3 can be filled with air or partially evacuated.

  FIG. 4 shows another side view, ie a side view of the individual element 2a according to FIG. 1 being attached to the upper end of the machine bed 1 by means of connecting means 5. The part of the molding element 2 marked “A” is also shown in the enlarged partial view “A” of FIG. This partial view shows the mounting of the forming element 2 with the bolt 5a and the construction of the machine bed foot 1a in the recess 2f. Furthermore, the lower part 2d of the molding element 2 with the rubber edge 2e arranged thereon is shown. As shown and in particular as disclosed in the partial view “A”, the rubber edge 2e is connected to the part 2d of the molding element 2 in a flat manner, for example by an adhesive bond.

Finally, the forming element 2 used as a heat shield reduces the production quality, in particular by better protecting the machine bed 1 of the machine tool from short-term temperature changes in the machine tool set-up area. It is summarized as reducing or preventing one short time deformation.

Claims (15)

A numerically controlled machine tool,
A mechanical bed (1) that can be set up on a flat floor area;
A cabin supported by the machine bed (1);
A molding element (2) covering the lower part of the machine bed (1) between at least the flat floor area and the cabin wall of the cabin,
The machine tool, wherein the forming element (2) is mounted on the machine tool such that a cavity (3) is formed between the machine bed (1) and the forming element (2).   The molding element (2) can be moved from the flat floor region to the machine bed (1) such that the upper part of the molding element (2) is arranged between the machine bed (1) and the lower part of the cabin. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool extends substantially up to the top of the machine tool.   The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the lower portion of the cabin is in contact with the forming element.   The said forming element (2) covers the said lower part of the said machine bed (1) along the front side of the said machine bed (1) at least, The one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Machine Tools.   The said forming element (2) covers the said lower part of the said machine bed (1) along two or more sides of the said machine bed (1), Any one of Claim 1 to 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The machine tool according to the item.   The said forming element (2) covers the said lower part of the said machine bed (1) so that the said machine bed (1) may be surrounded completely, The one of Claim 1 to 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Machine tools.   Machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forming element (2) is made of metal and / or plastic material.   8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the forming element comprises one or more extruded cross-section formed sheets adapted to the outer shape of the machine bed. The machine tool according to the item.   9. The molding element (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molding element (2) has a surface coating made of a coating material having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material of the molding element (2). The machine tool according to claim 1.   Machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the surface coating is provided on the surface of the forming element (2) facing the cavity (3).   The forming element (2) is attached to the machine bed (1) by means of a plurality of attachment elements (5a), in particular by bolts (5a), the attachment element (5a) from the forming element (2) to the cavity ( Machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it extends through 3) to the machine bed (1).   Machine tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the mounting element (5a) is made of a material having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material of the forming element (2).   The molding element (2) has a recess (2c), so that the distance of the molding element (2) to the machine bed (1) changes and the recess (2c) The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool is formed on a lower edge of the machine tool.   A rubber edge (2e) is attached along the lower edge (2d) of the molding element (2) and the gap between the lower edge (2d) of the molding element (2) and a flat floor area The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool is adapted to be sealed. The machine bed (1) has a machine bed foot (1a) that extends outward in the horizontal direction and acts to be placed on the flat floor area, and the molding element (2) has a recess ( Machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine bed foot (1a) extends through the recess.

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