JP2016503947A - ビークル上でパワーを発生させるための方法およびシステム - Google Patents
ビークル上でパワーを発生させるための方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 203
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003604 ureolytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001617 alkaline earth metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIKADBNXDMHWFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoylazanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.NC([NH3+])=N JIKADBNXDMHWFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiracizine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)CN(C)C)C2=CC(NC(=O)OCC)=CC=C21 KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/003—Storage or handling of ammonia
- C01C1/006—Storage or handling of ammonia making use of solid ammonia storage materials, e.g. complex ammine salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/08—Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances
- C01C1/086—Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances from urea
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P3/00—Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Abstract
Description
ビークルに搭載されかつアンモニア前駆体を分解するのに適した少なくとも一つのタンパク質成分を貯蔵する生化学的分解ユニット内でアンモニア前駆体を化学的に分解することによってガスを発生させることと、
ビークルに搭載された少なくとも一つのパワー発生機においてガスをパワーに変換することとを具備する。
まず、アンモニア前駆体はアンモニアガスを発生させるために第1のタンパク質成分によって分解される。
その後、発生させられたアンモニアガスは水素ガスを発生させるために第2のタンパク質成分によって分解される。
ビークルに搭載され、かつ、ガスを発生させるためにアンモニア前駆体を化学的に分解するのに適した少なくとも一つのタンパク質成分を貯蔵する生化学的分解ユニットと、
ビークルに搭載され、かつ、ガスをパワーへと変換するよう構成された少なくとも一つのパワー発生機とを備える。
ビークルに搭載され、かつ、吸着によって生化学的分解ユニット内で発生させられたガスが貯蔵される少なくとも一つの固形吸着マトリックスを貯蔵するタンクと、
ビークルに搭載され、かつ、アンモニア前駆体溶液を貯蔵するタンクと、
アンモニア前駆体溶液の流れを生化学的分解ユニットへと案内するための手段と、
固形吸着マトリックスに(生化学的分解ユニットで発生させられた)ガスを案内するための手段とを備える。
図1は、本発明のある特定の実施形態に係る搭載型パワー発生システムの概略図である。
添付の図2に依拠する、この実施例は、凝縮器[4]が成形チューブから形成された例を示している。タンク[1]には尿素溶液が充填されている。水の蒸発および尿素の分解から生じるガスの流れは、凝縮器の入口部[4a]を通過する。水蒸気は、部分[4a]よりも低い温度を有する、デバイスの部分[4b]内で凝縮させられる。液体の水はさらに、部分[4c]内に集められ、そしてバルブ[6]を開くことによって除去される。アンモニア蒸気は、凝縮器の部分[4b]の出口を通ってタンク[2]へと流れる。
この実施例では、実施例1の凝縮器が除去され、そして生化学的分解ユニットの出口において一つの膜あるいは一連の膜を使用することによって、水/ガス分離が実施される。
この例では、タンク[1]には、固体アンモニア前駆体、例えば、粉末、ペレットまたはフレークの形態の尿素またはカルバミン酸アンモニウムが充填される。固体の流れ(一部)は、そこでアンモニアが発生させられる生化学的分解ユニット[3]へと引き込まれ、そしてタンク[2]内の固形物質中にさらに捕えられる。分離デバイス(例えば水凝縮器)こは、この例では不要である。
図3に依拠する、この実施例では、この実施例におけるタンク[2]の圧力安全機能が説明される。タンク[2]内に生じた圧力が設定値よりも高い場合、圧力バルブ[8]が開き、そしてアンモニアガスは、ライン[7]を経てタンク[1]へと流れる。アンモニアはさらに、タンク[1]内に貯蔵された溶液中に溶解させられる。
3 生化学的分解ユニット
4 凝縮器
5 パワー発生機
6 バルブ
7 ライン
9 連通ライン
10 ライン
20 セル
21,22 チャンバー
23 ガス流路
31 ヒーター
Claims (16)
- ビークル上でパワーを発生させるための方法であって、
前記ビークルに搭載されかつアンモニア前駆体を分解するのに適した少なくとも一つのタンパク質成分を貯蔵する生化学的分解ユニット内で、前記アンモニア前駆体を化学的に分解することによってガスを発生させることと、
前記ビークルに搭載された少なくとも一つのパワー発生機において前記ガスをパワーに変換することと、
を具備する方法。 - 前記ガスはアンモニアガスである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ガスは水素ガスである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記発生ステップは、
アンモニアガスを発生させるためにタンパク質成分を用いて前記アンモニア前駆体を分解することと、
前記水素ガスを発生させるために、発生させられた前記アンモニアガスを分解することと、
からなる、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記パワー発生機は燃料電池である、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記パワー発生機は内燃エンジンである、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記生化学的分解ユニットで発生させられた前記ガスは中間バッファー(あるいはタンク)内に貯蔵される、請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記生化学的分解ユニットで発生させられた前記ガスは少なくとも一つの固形吸着マトリックス内に吸着によって貯蔵され、かつ、前記方法は、前記固形吸着マトリックスから前記ガスを放出させるステップをさらに備え、この放出されるガスはパワーへと変換される、請求項1ないし請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記生化学的分解ユニットはヒーターを備える、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記タンパク質成分は、少なくとも一つの酵素を含む、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素は尿素分解酵素である、請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 液体‐蒸気分離ユニットによって、前記生化学的分解ユニット内で発生させられた前記ガスから水を分離させるステップを備える、請求項1ないし請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア前駆体が固体化合物である、請求項1から請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア前駆体は水性尿素溶液である、請求項1ないし請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ビークル上でパワーを発生させるためのシステムであって、
前記ビークルに搭載され、かつ、ガスを発生させるためにアンモニア前駆体を化学的に分解するのに適した少なくとも一つのタンパク質成分を貯蔵する生化学的分解ユニットと、
前記ビークルに搭載され、かつ、前記ガスをパワーへと変換するよう構成された少なくとも一つのパワー発生機と、
を備えたシステム。 - 前記ビークルに搭載され、かつ、前記生化学的分解ユニットで発生させられた前記ガスが吸着によって貯蔵される少なくとも一つの固形吸着マトリックスを貯蔵するタンクを備える、請求項15に記載のシステム。
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EP12199278.8A EP2746548B1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-21 | Method and system for purifying the exhaust gases of a combustion engine. |
EP12199278.8 | 2012-12-21 | ||
PCT/EP2013/077851 WO2014096426A1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2013-12-20 | Method and system for generating power on board a vehicle |
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EP (3) | EP2746548B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2016503947A (ja) |
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EP2881558B1 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2016-09-14 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Société Anonyme) | Method and system for purifying the exhaust gases of a combustion engine |
EP3026251A1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-01 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Société Anonyme) | Assembly with improved system for attaching a component to a container |
EP3150813A1 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research | Feed line system for a vehicle system |
EP3165732A1 (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-05-10 | Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research | A method for activating/deactivating a biological catalyst used in a conversion system on board a vehicle |
WO2018055174A1 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2018-03-29 | Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation And Research | Vehicle system and method for generating ammonia in batches |
DK181016B1 (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-09-26 | Man Energy Solutions Filial Af Man Energy Solutions Se Tyskland | A large two-stroke uniflow scavenged turbocharged internal combustion engine with ammonia absorption system |
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- 2013-12-20 CN CN201380073670.XA patent/CN105209728B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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WO2014095894A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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US20150345429A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
EP2941550A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
EP2746548B1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
EP2941551B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
CN105209728B (zh) | 2018-10-30 |
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