JP2016223778A - Support device, polishing device, and observation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polishing device capable of performing accurate polishing, an observation device capable of performing observation with sufficient accuracy, and a support device thereof.SOLUTION: A support device comprises a main body part fixed to a cylindrical surface being an inspection object, a support part which is provided in the main body and attachably/detachably supports a tool inspecting the cylindrical surface, a first movement part capable of relatively moving the support part in a peripheral direction of the cylindrical surface with respect to the main body part, and a second movement part capable of relatively moving the support part in a radial direction of the cylindrical surface with respect to the main body part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a support device, a polishing device, and an observation device.

  For example, power generation equipment such as a thermal power plant and a large transport machine such as a ship take out and use the energy of water vapor generated by a boiler. Various pipes for supplying water and discharging water vapor are connected to the boiler. Among these pipes, particularly high-temperature and high-pressure fluid flows through the heater pipe and the reheater pipe. For this reason, compared with other piping, there is a concern about the possibility of composition changes due to heat or pressure, cracks, and the like. In order to foresee and prevent such composition changes and cracks in the piping material, it is important to microscopically observe the state of the surface of the piping.

As a technique for observing the state of the pipe surface, specifically, an apparatus described in Patent Document 1 below is known. This apparatus is characterized in that the target site is observed with an optical microscope in a state in which the target site on the pipe surface is irradiated with laser light as a light source. At this time, the target portion is polished in advance in order to remove oxide scale and the like.
In particular, in order to avoid local thinning of the pipe while maintaining inspection accuracy, it is important to perform uniform polishing according to the shape of the pipe.

JP 04-73709 A

  However, a relatively high level of skill is required in order to achieve precise polishing according to the pipe shape by hand as described above. For this reason, the characteristics of the polished region may vary from worker to worker. Furthermore, there is concern that the accuracy of subsequent observation results may be affected due to this variation. That is, there is room for improvement in the technique described in Patent Document 1.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a polishing apparatus capable of more precise polishing, an observation apparatus capable of observation with sufficient accuracy, and a support apparatus thereof. And

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, according to one aspect of the present invention, the support device removably supports a main body portion fixed to a cylindrical surface to be inspected and a tool provided on the main body portion for inspecting the cylindrical surface. A support unit, a first moving unit that allows the support unit to move relative to the main body unit in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface, and a relative movement of the support unit relative to the main body unit in the radial direction of the cylindrical surface. A second moving unit that is movable.

  According to the configuration as described above, the support portion is relatively moved in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface by the first moving portion, so that the inspection by the tool can be performed along the shape of the cylindrical surface in the circumferential direction.

  According to an aspect of the present invention, the main body portion may be formed of a material that can be deformed corresponding to the shape of the cylindrical surface.

  According to the configuration as described above, since the main body portion deforms to follow the shape of the cylindrical surface, the support structure can be applied to a plurality of types of cylindrical surfaces having different curvatures.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, the support portion is configured to be movable relative to the main body portion in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cylindrical surface and perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface. Three moving parts may be provided.

  According to the configuration as described above, polishing can be performed in the radial direction of the cylindrical surface and in the direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction by moving the support portion by the third moving portion. That is, a wider range can be polished by the polishing section.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a polishing apparatus includes: a support apparatus according to any one of the above aspects;
And a polishing unit as the tool that can be supported by the support unit and polishes the cylindrical surface.

  According to the configuration as described above, the cylindrical portion is polished by the polishing portion along the shape of the cylindrical surface in the circumferential direction by the relative movement of the support portion in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface by the first moving portion. Can do.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, an observation device is an observation device as the tool that can be supported by the support device according to any one of the above aspects and the support portion and can observe the state of the cylindrical surface. An apparatus main body.

  According to the configuration as described above, the characteristics of the cylindrical surface can be easily observed by moving the microscope in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface by the first moving unit. Furthermore, since the relative distance between the microscope and the cylindrical surface is maintained, observation of the cylindrical surface can be continued without adjusting the focus of the microscope each time.

  According to the support device, the polishing device, and the observation device of the present invention, more precise polishing and observation with sufficient accuracy can be performed.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the support structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing composition of a polish device concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the observation apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of an observation apparatus 2 including a support apparatus 1 according to this embodiment and an observation apparatus main body 21 that can be supported by the support apparatus 1. As shown in the figure, the support device 1 according to this embodiment is used to support a tool or the like on the outer peripheral surface (cylindrical surface 101) of a cylindrical pipe 100 centered on an axis O. The piping 100 in the present embodiment has a substantially circular cross section when viewed from the direction of the axis O, and has a straight tubular shape over the entire extending region.

  The support device 1 includes a main body portion 11 fixed to the cylindrical surface 101, a support portion 12 that is provided on the main body portion 11 and removably supports a tool, and the support portion 12 is moved relative to the main body portion 11. The 1st moving part 13, the 2nd moving part 14, and the 3rd moving part 15 which are made possible are provided.

  The main body 11 is a thick plate member that extends along the shape of the cylindrical surface 101 of the pipe 100. In the state of being attached to the pipe 100, of the both surfaces in the thickness direction of the main body portion 11, the inner surface in the radial direction of the pipe 100 is curved in one direction with a curvature that is substantially the same as the curvature of the cylindrical surface 101. The mounting surface 11A has an arcuate cross section when viewed from the O direction. On the other hand, of the both surfaces in the thickness direction of the main body 11, the radially outer surface of the pipe 100 is a support surface 11 </ b> B having a curved shape corresponding to the attachment surface 11 </ b> A.

  Further, the main body 11 is attached to the pipe 100 by a fixing band 90 shown in FIG. As a specific mode of the fixing band 90, for example, a band-shaped member formed of an elastically deformable material typified by rubber can be considered. That is, after the fixing band 90 is hung from the outer periphery side of the pipe 100, the both end portions are locked to the locking portions 91 on the main body portion 11, thereby making the main body portion 11 immovable with respect to the pipe 100. Fixed.

  A first rail portion 111 is formed on the support surface 11B of the main body 11 so as to protrude radially outward from the support surface 11B. The first rail portion 111 extends in the direction of the axis O of the pipe 100 to engage with a part of the support portion 12 described later.

  The support portion 12 includes a slider portion 121 slidably supported by the first rail portion 111 of the main body portion 11, a second rail portion 122 provided on the slider portion 121, and a second rail portion 122. It has the adjustment part 16 supported so that a movement is possible, and the support part main body 17 supported so that a relative movement is possible by the adjustment part 16. FIG.

  The slider portion 121 is formed in a substantially plate shape, and a concave first sliding groove 123 corresponding to the protruding shape of the first rail portion 111 is formed on one surface thereof. That is, when viewed from the direction of the axis O, the slider portion 121 is substantially C-shaped. As the first sliding groove 123 engages with the first rail portion 111, the support portion 12 can be moved relative to the main body portion 11 on both sides in the axis O direction. The first rail part 111 and the first sliding groove 123 serve as a third moving part 15.

  Further, a second rail portion 122 that extends in the circumferential direction of the slider portion 121 and projects outward in the radial direction is formed on the radially outer surface of the pipe 100 in the slider portion 121. The 2nd rail part 122 engages with the 2nd sliding groove 161 provided in the end surface of the radial inside in the adjustment part 16 mentioned later. The second rail portion 122 and the second sliding groove 161 are the first moving portion 13.

  The adjustment portion 16 extends from the main body portion 11 toward the radially outer side, and supports the support portion main body 17 so as to be movable back and forth in the radial direction. Although not shown in detail, a feed screw extending in the radial direction of the pipe 100 is disposed inside the adjustment unit 16. An adjustment knob 162 is attached to the radially outer end of the feed screw. That is, with the rotation of the adjustment knob 162, the feed screw rotates about its own central axis.

  Furthermore, another thread groove corresponding to the thread groove of the feed screw is formed in the support body 17 described later. As a result, the support body 17 can move relative to the pipe 100 (cylindrical surface 101) in the radial direction of the pipe 100 as the feed screw rotates. The adjusting unit 16 is a second moving unit 14.

  The support portion main body 17 includes a moving piece 163 in which a screw groove that meshes with the screw groove of the feed screw portion is formed, and a support ring 164 supported by the moving piece 163. The support ring 164 supports various tools at a position displaced in the direction of the axis O of the pipe 100 when viewed from the main body 11. Further, the support ring 164 is supported in a posture inclined with respect to the radial direction of the pipe 100. In other words, the surface formed by the support ring 164 is inclined with respect to the extending direction of the adjusting portion 16.

  Examples of tools supported by the support ring 164 include a polishing tool (described later) such as a router (registered trademark) that polishes the surface of the pipe 100, and a microscope 80 that can observe the surface of the pipe 100 in an enlarged manner. The observation apparatus main body 21 etc. are applied. In the following description, a configuration in which the observation device main body 21 is attached to the support structure is referred to as an observation device 2, and a configuration in which the polishing unit 31 is attached is referred to as a polishing device 3.

  In the example of FIG. 1, an observation apparatus 2 in which a microscope 80 as the observation apparatus main body 21 is mounted on a support structure is illustrated. As shown in the figure, the microscope 80 has a lens barrel portion 81 that accommodates an optical element such as a lens, and an arm portion 82 provided in the middle of the extension of the lens barrel portion 81. By inserting the arm portion 82 through the support ring 164, the microscope 80 is supported by the support structure.

  More specifically, the arm portion 82 is connected to a columnar first arm portion 83 inserted through the inner diameter side of the support ring 164 and to the first arm portion 83 via a hinge portion 85 so as to be swingable. A second arm portion 84.

  In a state where the support structure is attached to the pipe 100, the first arm portion 83 extends along a plane defined by the axis O direction and the radial direction of the pipe 100. Further, the first arm portion 83 is inclined from the radial direction of the pipe 100 by being held from the outer peripheral side by the support ring 164. More specifically, the 1st arm part 83 inclines so that it may go to inner side from radial direction outer side, as it goes to an axis line O direction one side from a moving part.

  A hinge portion 85 is provided at the end of the first arm portion 83 on the side facing the pipe 100 out of both ends. A second arm portion 84 is connected to the opposite side of the first arm portion 83 across the hinge portion 85. That is, the second arm portion 84 is rotatable about the hinge portion 85 along the surface on which the first arm portion 83 extends. The second arm portion 84 is connected to the lens barrel portion 81 in the microscope 80.

  As an example of the connection between the second arm portion 84 and the lens barrel portion 81, a configuration using a ring-shaped holding portion 86 shown in FIG. 1 can be considered. The holding portion 86 has a substantially annular shape, and holds the lens barrel portion 81 from the outer peripheral side on the radially inner side. Further, the holding portion 86 has an annular shape on a surface that is substantially orthogonal to the second arm portion 84. That is, when the second arm portion 84 extends in the radial direction of the pipe 100, the holding portion 86 is generally parallel to the axis O of the pipe 100 when viewed from the radial direction of the pipe 100.

  In the present embodiment, a partial region in the circumferential direction of the holding portion 86 is opened in the radial direction. The size of the opening (the size of the holding portion 86 in the circumferential direction) can be appropriately adjusted by the holding portion adjusting screw 87. By adjusting the holding portion adjusting screw 87, the inner diameter dimension of the holding portion 86 changes. Thereby, it is possible to stably hold a plurality of types of apparatuses having different outer diameter dimensions.

  Next, the polishing apparatus 3 using the above support structure will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration and operation of the polishing apparatus 3. The polishing apparatus 3 includes the above-described support structure and the polishing unit 31 supported on the cylindrical surface 101 of the pipe 100 by the support structure. The polishing unit 31 is used as an aspect of the tool in the description of the support structure described above.

  In this embodiment, a Leuter (registered trademark) is used as the polishing unit 31. Specifically, the leuter includes a polishing unit main body 32 held from the outer peripheral side by the holding unit 86 in the support structure, and an end portion on one side of the polishing unit main body 32 around the central axis of the Leuter (registered trademark). And a grindstone portion 33 that is rotatable.

  The polishing unit main body 32 has a cylindrical outer shape, and a driving unit that drives and rotates a rotating shaft integrally connected to the grindstone unit 33 is incorporated therein. As the drive unit, an electric motor that operates with electric power supplied from the outside, an air motor that operates with compressed air supplied from the outside, and the like are appropriately selected.

  The grindstone portion 33 is a polishing tool formed of a material mainly composed of silicon carbide, alumina or the like. In the present embodiment, the grindstone portion 33 is generally cylindrical. The surface can be continuously polished by bringing the grindstone portion 33 into contact with the surface of the object while being rotated by the drive unit. In the present embodiment, the cylindrical surface 101 of the pipe 100 is polished by the polishing unit 31 supported by the support structure.

  As a region to be polished by the polishing apparatus 3, a region on the cylindrical surface 101 in which a remarkable crack or the like has been confirmed by prior visual inspection or the like and further detailed inspection / observation is necessary is appropriately selected. In particular, when the pipe 100 is formed of a metal material, it is assumed that a film such as an oxide scale is formed on the cylindrical surface 101 due to secular change. Prior to observing the state of the cylindrical surface 101, the polishing apparatus 3 in the present embodiment is used to remove such a film.

When the cylindrical surface 101 is polished by the polishing apparatus 3, the following procedures are performed as an example.
First, the main body 11 in the support structure is arranged along the region of the inspection target (polishing target) on the cylindrical surface 101 and fixed by the fixing band 90.

  Next, the grindstone portion 33 of the polishing portion 31 is brought into contact with the cylindrical surface 101 by adjusting each portion (the first moving portion 13, the second moving portion 14, and the third moving portion 15) of the support structure. . Specifically, the first moving unit 13 or the third moving unit 15 moves the support unit 12 and the polishing unit 31 relative to each other in the circumferential direction of the pipe 100 and the axis O direction, and as the second moving unit 14 The adjustment unit 16 moves the support unit 12 and the polishing unit 31 relative to each other in the radial direction of the pipe 100. At this time, it is desirable that the support portion 12 is located on one side in the circumferential direction of the main body portion 11.

  As described above, in the state where the grindstone portion 33 is in contact with the cylindrical surface 101, the grindstone portion 33 is rotationally driven by the drive portion. As the grindstone portion 33 is driven to rotate, the cylindrical surface 101 is polished toward the inside in the radial direction.

  Furthermore, the support body 17 is further displaced radially inward by further rotating the adjustment knob 162 from the above state. The amount of rotation of the adjustment knob 162 at this time is determined according to a predetermined polishing depth of the cylindrical surface 101. By moving the support body 17 inward in the radial direction, a part of the cylindrical surface 101 is polished (cut) by the amount corresponding to the polishing depth. The polishing depth referred to here refers to a dimension from the cylindrical surface 101 of the pipe 100 to the bottom surface of the polished area (the inner surface in the radial direction of the pipe 100).

  Subsequently, polishing is performed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface 101 by moving the support portion 12 along the first rail portion 111 as the first moving portion 13. That is, a groove-like polishing mark extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the cylindrical surface 101 by a dimension approximately equal to the extension dimension of the main body 11.

  Further, after the support unit 12 is relatively moved in the direction of the axis O of the pipe 100 by the third moving unit 15, polishing is performed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface 101 as described above. By repeating this procedure a plurality of times, a plurality of the groove-shaped polishing marks are formed on the cylindrical surface 101 in a state of being adjacent to each other. That is, a substantially rectangular polishing region is formed when viewed from the radial direction of the cylindrical surface 101. In the polishing region, the above-described coating film such as oxide scale is removed, and the metal material or the like constituting the pipe 100 is exposed to the outside. Thereby, in the grinding | polishing area | region, the state of the material of the piping 100 can be observed in detail. Note that the size of the polishing region may be appropriately determined according to various requests when performing inspection.

  Next, an example of a procedure for observing the state of the polishing region (polishing mark) will be described with reference to FIG. First, after the polishing by the polishing unit 31 is completed, the polishing unit 31 is detached from the support structure, and the microscope 80 as the observation apparatus main body 21 is attached.

  When the microscope 80 is attached to the support structure, the optical axis of the microscope 80 is substantially orthogonal to the cylindrical surface 101 of the pipe 100. Subsequently, after adjusting the focus and magnification of the microscope 80 as appropriate, the state of the polishing mark is observed and recorded. Although detailed description is omitted, it is desirable to separately attach an imaging device such as a camera to the microscope 80 when recording the state of the polishing mark. Thus, the inspection of the pipe 100 using the support structure according to the present embodiment, the polishing apparatus 3 including the support structure, and the observation apparatus 2 is completed.

  According to the configuration as described above, the support unit 12 is relatively moved in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface 101 by the first moving unit 13, so that polishing and observation are performed along the shape of the cylindrical surface 101 in the circumferential direction. Can do. In particular, since uniform polishing is performed in accordance with the shape of the pipe 100, local thinning of the pipe 100 can be avoided. Thereby, the performance degradation of the piping 100 by having inspected can be suppressed.

  Here, when the support unit 12 is configured to be movable only in the tangential direction of the cylindrical surface 101, the second moving unit 14 (adjusting unit 16) moves along with the movement of the support unit 12 by the first moving unit 13. Movement in the radial direction is also required. This complicates the work procedure and may degrade the position accuracy of polishing or observation. However, in this embodiment, since the support part 12 can be relatively moved along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface 101 by the first moving part 13, such possibility is reduced, and simple and highly accurate polishing, Observations can be made.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the 3rd moving part 15 which enables the support part 12 to move relative to the main body part 11 in the axis O direction of the pipe 100 is provided.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to polish the radial direction of the cylindrical surface 101 and the direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction by moving the support portion 12 by the third moving portion 15. That is, a wider range can be polished by the polishing unit 31.

  Furthermore, according to the configuration as described above, the support unit 12 is relatively moved in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface 101 by the first moving unit 13, so that the polishing unit 31 moves along the shape of the cylindrical surface 101 in the circumferential direction. The cylindrical surface 101 can be polished.

  In addition, according to the observation apparatus 2 in the present embodiment, the state of the cylindrical surface 101 can be easily observed by moving the microscope 80 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface 101 by the first moving unit 13. In particular, since the relative distance between the microscope 80 and the cylindrical surface 101 is maintained when the polishing unit 31 is removed and the microscope 80 is attached, the observation of the cylindrical surface 101 is continued without adjusting the focus of the microscope 80 each time. be able to.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings. The above description is merely an example, and the configuration of each part can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, the main body 11 in the above support structure may be formed of a material that can be deformed corresponding to the shape of the cylindrical surface 101. More specifically, an example in which the main body 11 is formed of an elastically deformable material such as rubber, or another material that can be plastically deformed can be considered.

  According to such a configuration, since the main body 11 is deformed to follow the shape of the cylindrical surface 101, the support structure can be applied to a plurality of types of cylindrical surfaces 101 having different curvatures. That is, the versatility of the support structure, the polishing apparatus 3, and the observation apparatus 2 can be further enhanced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Support apparatus 2 ... Observation apparatus 3 ... Polishing apparatus 11 ... Main-body part 11A ... Mounting surface 11B ... Support surface 12 ... Support part 13 ... 1st moving part 14 ... 2nd moving part 15 ... 3rd moving part 16 ... Adjustment part DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 17 ... Support part main body 21 ... Observation apparatus main body 31 ... Polishing part 32 ... Polishing part main body 33 ... Grinding wheel part 80 ... Microscope 81 ... Lens barrel part 82 ... Arm part 83 ... First arm part 84 ... Second arm part 85 ... Hinge Part 86 ... Holding part 87 ... Holding part adjusting screw 90 ... Fixed band 91 ... Locking part 100 ... Piping 101 ... Cylindrical surface 111 ... First rail part 121 ... Slider part 122 ... Second rail part 123 ... First sliding groove 161 ... second sliding groove 162 ... adjustment knob 163 ... moving piece 164 ... support ring O ... axis

Claims (5)

A main body fixed to a cylindrical surface to be inspected;
A support part provided in the main body part and removably supporting a tool for inspecting the cylindrical surface;
A first moving part capable of moving the support part relative to the main body part in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface;
A second moving part capable of moving the support part relative to the main body part in the radial direction of the cylindrical surface;
A support device comprising:   The support device according to claim 1, wherein the main body portion is formed of a deformable material corresponding to the shape of the cylindrical surface.   The said support part is provided with the 3rd moving part which enables relative movement to the direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction of this cylindrical surface while being orthogonal to the radial direction of the said cylindrical surface with respect to the said main-body part. The support apparatus as described in. A support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A polishing part as the tool that can be supported by the support part and polishes the cylindrical surface;
A polishing apparatus comprising: A support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An observation apparatus main body as the tool that can be supported by the support portion and can observe the state of the cylindrical surface;
An observation apparatus comprising:

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