JP2016210149A - Latent image printed matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a latent image printed matter having such an effect that an image is visible as enlarged since visibility of the image is not limited in one direction but the image is visible as animated in various directions around a specific position.SOLUTION: The latent image printed matter includes: a semi-cylindrical image line group on at least a part of a substrate, comprising a plurality of protruded semi-cylindrical image lines having at least one characteristic of a light/dark flip-flop property and a color flip-flop property; and a latent image line group having a different hue from the hue of the semi-cylindrical image line group and deposited on the semi-cylindrical image line group. The latent image line group is segmented into a non-inverted image line group and an inverted image line group around a reference position: the non-inverted image line group includes a plurality of non-inverted image lines arranged, each having an image prepared by dividing a basic image to obtain an in-frame image and compressing the in-frame image at a predetermined compression rate; and the inverted image line group includes a plurality of inverted image lines arranged, each having an image prepared by subjecting the in-frame image obtained by dividing the basic image to mirror-inversion and then compressing the mirror-inversion image at the predetermined compression rate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  In the field of security printed matter such as banknotes, passports, securities, identification cards, cards, and passports that require anti-counterfeiting effects, a latent image appears when light is incident, The present invention relates to a latent image printed material having a visual effect in which a latent image is enlarged or reduced in a specific direction in accordance with a change in an incident angle to change a shape.

  Security printed matter typified by banknotes, passports, securities, identification cards, and the like requires anti-counterfeiting technology in order to prevent duplication and forgery. In addition, among anti-counterfeiting technologies, as represented by watermarks and holograms, anti-counterfeiting technologies that do not require tools and can be used for authenticity discrimination by all persons who have printed materials are required. Yes.

  Among these, anti-counterfeiting technology having a so-called “moving visual effect” in which an image appears to move is particularly attracting attention. The visual effect of moving images that appear to move (hereinafter referred to as “moving image effects”) is easy to attract attention and difficult to counterfeit. It tends to be.

  There are technologies that use parallax barriers, lenticulars, holograms, etc., as well-known technologies that can realize the moving image effect, and these technologies provide the ability to change images with slight angle changes, making the images three-dimensional. There are already a wide range of security prints that can be visually recognized and have a moving image effect.

  However, when a moving image effect is realized using a general parallax barrier or lenticular, a clear layer or a lens is required, so that the base material is almost limited to plastic, and the printed material has a certain thickness (at least (Approx. 150 μm) is necessary, and generally exceeds the thickness allowed for printed materials that circulate. Therefore, it cannot be used for printed materials with a limited thickness, and tends to be used only for plastic cards that allow a certain thickness. It is in.

  In addition, holograms can be finished very thin and are used for various security prints such as banknotes. However, compared with general prints, there are major problems in the complexity of the manufacturing process and high manufacturing costs. .

  In order to solve the above problems, the present applicant, when light is incident on a bowl-shaped image line having high gloss and a bulge, out of the bowl-shaped image line having a bulge, the incident light and method There has already been filed a printing technology that can form a three-dimensional effect and a moving image effect using a phenomenon in which only the surface forming a line strongly reflects light (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3). reference).

  The prior arts from Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3 are formed by image processing of an image obtained by a three-dimensional image capturing method called integral photography, and are technologies that can realize an excellent moving image effect. This technology can be formed with a thickness of about one-tenth that of a parallax barrier or lenticular, and the manufacturing technology can also express relatively complex images by utilizing conventional plate-making technology and printing technology. And has an excellent feature that a printed image having a moving image effect can be formed at the same cost as a general printed matter.

Japanese Patent No. 5200284 JP 2014-151557 A

  In the prior arts of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the motion of the appearing latent image (base image) is only the effect that the entire image moves in either one of the directions orthogonal to the drawing direction of the saddle-shaped image line. It could not be formed, the movement direction was completely limited to two directions, the movement variation was scarce, and it was a restriction on the design of movement.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a latent image printed material that has an effect that an image can be enlarged and viewed by being viewed in a different direction around a specific position without being limited to one direction. To do.

  The present invention includes a printed image on at least a part of a base material, and the printed image has a plurality of ridge-like image lines having at least one of light and dark flip-flop properties and color flip-flop properties and having a bulge. A latent image line group having a color different from the color of the hook-shaped line group at the time of specular reflection is laminated on the generated vertical line group, and the latent image line group is centered on the reference position. The non-inverted image line group is divided into a non-inverted image line group and an inverted image line group. The non-inverted image line group is formed by arranging a plurality of non-inverted image lines obtained by compressing an image in a frame obtained by dividing a base image at a predetermined reduction ratio. The image line group is formed by arranging a plurality of inverted image lines obtained by mirror-inverting an in-frame image obtained by dividing the base image and compressing the image at a predetermined reduction ratio. Appears as a latent image and changes its angle from the observation angle. That when a latent image printed matter characterized in that visible latent image is enlarged or reduced about the reference position.

  The present invention includes a printed image on at least a part of a base material, and the printed image has a plurality of ridge-like image lines having at least one of light and dark flip-flop properties and color flip-flop properties and having a bulge. A latent image line group having a color different from the color of the hook-shaped line group at the time of specular reflection is laminated on the generated vertical line group, and the latent image line group is centered on the reference position. The non-inverted image line group is divided into a non-inverted image line group and an inverted image line group. The non-inverted image line group includes a non-inverted image line obtained by compressing an in-frame image obtained by dividing the base image at a predetermined reduction ratio and a frame obtained by dividing the base image. A plurality of first latent image line sets composed of reverse image lines obtained by mirror-inverting the internal image and compressing the image at a predetermined reduction ratio are arranged, and the reverse image line group mirrors the intra-frame image obtained by dividing the base image. Inverted image line that has been inverted and compressed at a predetermined reduction ratio, A plurality of second latent image line sets consisting of non-inverted image lines obtained by compressing an in-frame image obtained by dividing an image at a predetermined reduction ratio, and when the substrate is observed under specular reflection, the base image Appears as a latent image, and when the angle is changed from the observation angle, the latent image is enlarged or reduced around the reference position and can be visually recognized.

  In the latent image printed matter of the present invention, the predetermined reduction ratio for compressing the in-frame image obtained by dividing the base image is different for each latent image line.

  Furthermore, in the latent image printed material according to the present invention, the predetermined reduction ratio for compressing the in-frame image obtained by dividing the base image becomes smaller as the latent image line moves away from the reference position.

  In the latent image printed material according to the present invention, one base image is composed of at least two types of latent image lines that are different in the presence or absence of mirror inversion of the non-inverted image group and the inverted image group. When the base image appears as a latent image, the base image appears to be enlarged and / or reduced around the reference position.

The latent image printed matter of this invention is shown. The outline | summary of a structure of the latent image printed matter of this invention is shown. 3 shows a saddle-shaped image line group of the present invention. 2 shows a latent image line group of the present invention. The structure of the latent image line group of this invention is shown. A method for producing a non-inverted image line according to the present invention will be described. A method for producing a non-inverted image line group of the present invention will be described. A method for producing a reverse image line according to the present invention will be described. A method for producing a reverse image line group of the present invention will be described. The positional relationship of the overlapping of the saddle-like image line group and the latent image image line of the present invention is shown. It is a figure which shows the effect of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of a structure of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the latent image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the latent image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the latent image line set of this invention. It is a figure which shows the preparation methods of the reversal latent image line of this invention. It is a figure which shows the preparation methods of the reversal latent image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the preparation methods of the non-inversion latent image image line of this invention. It is a figure which shows the preparation methods of the non-inverted latent image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the overlap of the saddle-like image line group and latent image image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the overlap of the saddle-like image line group and latent image image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the overlap of the saddle-like image line group and latent image image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of a structure of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the saddle-shaped image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows explanatory drawing of the direction orthogonal to an image line direction and image line direction of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the saddle-shaped image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the saddle-shaped image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the latent image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the latent image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the preparation methods of the non-inversion image line of this invention. It is a figure which shows the preparation methods of the reverse image line of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the overlap of the saddle-like image line group and latent image image line group of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect of the prior art in a comparative example. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the apparatus used for preparation of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure in the preparation method and preparation program of the latent image printed matter of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the detail of a basic image compression information generation process. It is a figure which shows the definition of the coordinate for expressing the position in an image. It is a figure which shows a bowl-shaped image line and a centerline. It is a figure which shows an example of how to determine the re-neighbor center position acquisition position P. It is a figure which shows an example of how to determine the re-neighbor center position acquisition position P. It is a figure which shows an example of a response | compatibility with the nearest position on the re-near center position acquisition position P and the centerline. It is a flowchart which shows the detail of a basic image compression process process. It is a figure which shows an example of the side close | similar to a reference position from the drawing line center of a saddle-shaped drawing line, and a far side. It is a figure which shows an example of a response | compatibility with the position in a base image, and the position in a latent image line group image in a base image compression process.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and includes various other embodiments within the scope of the technical idea described in the scope of claims.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the latent image printed matter according to the first embodiment, the saddle-shaped image line group is composed of all straight saddle-shaped image lines, and the image lines constituting the latent-image image line group include one type of non-inverted image line or The form which consists of a reverse image line is demonstrated.

  FIG. 1A shows the latent image printed material (1) of the present invention, and FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view (schematic diagram) of the latent image printed material (1) along the line A-A ′. The latent image printed material (1) includes a printed image (3) on a substrate (2). As long as the printed image (3) can be formed, the substrate (2) may be paper, plastic, metal or the like, and any material may be used. The printed image (3) may be transparent or colored, and the color thereof is not limited.

  FIG. 2 shows an outline of the configuration of the print image (3). The print image (3) is formed by overlapping the saddle-like image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5). The laminated structure of the print image (3) has a structure in which the latent image line group (5) overlaps the saddle-shaped line group (4).

  First, the saddle-shaped image line group (4) will be described. In the first embodiment, the saddle-shaped image line group (4) is constituted by a straight line-shaped image line (6) in a line shape as shown in FIG. In the present invention, “line-shaped” means that a line having a line direction such as a straight line, a curve, or a circle has a certain rule in a direction orthogonal to the line direction at an arbitrary pitch so as not to overlap each other. A state in which a plurality are arranged. In the first embodiment, the saddle-shaped image line (6), which is a straight line having the first image line direction (S1 direction in the figure), has an arbitrary image line width (W1) and a specific pitch. It is continuously arranged in the second direction (S2 direction in the figure), which is the direction orthogonal to the image line direction in (P1). The saddle-shaped image line (6) requires a certain rise in the vertical height direction from the surface of the substrate (2). The surface shape of the ridge-like image line (6) that rises needs to be composed of a gently curved surface like a ridge.

  The saddle-shaped image line group (4) having the above-described configuration is formed by a printing method capable of forming a bulge in the print image line. In order to ensure a certain level of visibility in the appearing latent image, the raised height of the saddle-like image line group (4) needs to be 3 μm or more, so it is desirable to form it by screen printing or intaglio printing. However, even with gravure printing, flexographic printing, letterpress printing, etc., it is possible to form such a height of the image line. The upper limit of the height of the rise is not particularly limited, but is set to 1 mm or less in consideration of stability, friction resistance, distribution suitability, etc. when a large amount is loaded.

  Further, the saddle-shaped image line group (4) needs to have light-dark flip-flop property or color flip-flop property. The light / dark flip-flop property refers to the property of increasing the brightness when regularly reflected, and the color flip-flop property refers to the property of changing the hue. That is, the saddle-shaped image line group (4) needs to have a characteristic that the color changes greatly when the lightness or hue changes when light enters. The greater the change in color, the higher the visibility of the appearing latent image.

  As an example of a method for imparting bright and dark flip-flop properties to the ridge-like image line group (4) having the above-described swell, a highly glossy ink resin is used, or a metal pigment is mixed in the ink. It can be easily realized. Examples of functional materials that can impart color flip-flop properties include pearl pigments, cholesteric liquid crystals, glass flake pigments, metal powder pigments, scaly metal pigments, OVI (Optical Variable Ink), and the like.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which a plurality of linear hook-like image lines (6) are arranged to form a hook-like image line group (4) will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Although specifically described in a third embodiment to be described later, it may be configured by a curve, a circle, or the like.

  Next, the latent image line group (5) will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the latent image line group (5) has a reference position (7) (the reference position (7) when the saddle-shaped line group is a straight line and the reference position is not a point. 7) is referred to as a reference line (7)), and is roughly divided into a non-inverted image group (5A) and an inverted image group (5B). The image lines constituting the latent image line group (5) are all the non-inverted image line group (5A) or the inverted image line group (5B). Is simply called the latent image line (8).

  FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the inverted image line group (5B). The latent image line (8) composed of the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) has the same regularity as the saddle-shaped image line group (4) and is arranged in a line. Specifically, the regularity includes a non-inverted image line (8A) and an inverted image line (8B) having the same image line direction (S1 in the figure) as the saddle-shaped image line group having the same image line width (W1). Are arranged continuously in the same pitch (P1) as the saddle-shaped image line group (4) and in the same image line direction (direction S2 in the figure). Each non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) are slightly different in shape between adjacent image lines.

  Each non-inverted image line (8A) and inverted image line (8B) has a pair of saddle-shaped image lines (6), and each non-inverted image line (8A) and inverted image line (8B). The shape of the saddle-shaped image line (6) paired with is substantially equal. In an appropriate positional relationship, the saddle-shaped image line (5) paired with the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) overlaps (the latent image image line ( 8A, 8B) are formed). The shapes of the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) here do not indicate the shape of the image line itself, but exist within the image line width (W1) shown in FIG. It refers to the shape including the blank part.

  A method of creating the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) and the configuration thereof will be described. First, the production method and structure of the non-inverted image line (8A) will be described. An example of a method for producing an arbitrary non-inverted image line (8Ai) in FIG. First, an image that the creator intends to appear as a latent image is prepared. In the first embodiment, a chromatic pattern composed of curved lines shown in FIG. 6A is used. Since this image (9) is the basis of all latent image lines in the non-inverted image line group (8A) and the inverted image line group (8B), it is referred to as a base image (9). Next, a position that is the center of the direction of movement of the enlarged or reduced moving image effect, that is, a reference position of movement (reference line (7)) is set as shown in FIG. In the first embodiment, when a moving image effect occurs, the base image (9) that appears around the reference line (7) is enlarged or reduced.

  Therefore, the base image (9) is divided into a first area on the left side and a second area on the right side with the reference line (7) as a boundary, and a non-inverted image line group (8A) and an inverted image line group to be described later. This is the basis of (8B).

  Subsequently, a position where the base image (9) appears in the print image (3) is roughly determined, and an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (under the base image (9) as shown in FIG. 6Ai) is determined. Then, as shown in FIG. 6C, the height (L) in the direction parallel to the image line (L is a value larger than the height of the base image (9)) and the width in the direction orthogonal to the image line (H ) Frame (10) is set, the center of the frame (10) is set at the center of an arbitrary saddle-shaped image line (6Ai), and only the base image (9) that fits in the frame is as shown in FIG. 6 (d). Take out. This extracted image is called an intra-frame image (9Ai). The extracted in-frame image (9Ai) is compressed to a constant width (W2) at a specific reduction rate toward the center of the saddle-shaped image line (6Ai) (FIG. 6 (e)). As a result, one non-inverted image line (8Ai) is formed (FIG. 6F).

Although FIG. 6 shows a method for producing one non-inverted image line (8Ai) corresponding to one arbitrary image line (6Ai), as shown in FIG. , 6i _-10 ,..., 6i ₊₁₀ ), and non-inverted image lines (8Ai _-10 ,..., 8Ai,. By producing ₊₁₀ ), the non-inverted image line group (5A) can be produced. In the non-inverted image line group (5A) produced by this method, the base image (9) has a distance of about the width (H) of the frame from the center of each saddle-shaped image line (6 _i ) in the direction perpendicular to the image line. Compressed images that move only are included.

Next, a manufacturing method and a structure of the reverse image line group (5B) will be described. FIG. 8 shows an example of a method for producing a reverse image line (8B _i ). In the latent image printed material (1) of the present invention, the base image (9) of the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the base image (9) of the inverted image line group (5B) need to be the same image. Accordingly, the base image (9) for the reverse image line group (5B) is also a color pattern of the curved lines shown in FIG. Further, the arrangement position of the base image (9) in the print image (3) must not be changed between the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the inverted image line group (5B). In the first embodiment, the same base image (9) is arranged at the same position, and the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the inverted image line group (5B) are respectively produced.

First, as shown in FIG. 8B, the positional relationship with an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6B _i ) arranged below the base image (9) is determined. The frame (10) having the same size as that used for the production of the non-inverted image line (8A _i ) is placed at the center of an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6B _i ) (FIG. 8 (c)), and the frame (10 Only the base image (9) that falls within () is taken out as shown in FIG. The extracted in-frame image (9Bi) is mirror-inverted in the direction orthogonal to the image line with the center of the image as the axis (FIG. 8 (e)). The presence or absence of this process is the difference between the non-inverted image line (9A) and the inverted image line (9B). The mirror-inverted in-frame image (9BiR) is compressed to a constant width (W2) at a specific reduction rate toward the center of the bowl-shaped image line (6Bi) (FIG. 8 (f)). As a result, one of the reverse image lines (8Bi) is completed (FIG. 8G).

FIG. 8 shows a method for producing one reverse image line (8Bi) corresponding to one arbitrary image line (6i). As shown in FIG. all semi-cylindrical image lines _{(6i -10, ···, 6i,} ···, 6i +10) for, paired inverted image lines _{(8Bi -10, ···, 8Bi,} ···, 8Bi +10 ) Can be produced to produce the reverse image line group (5B). Similarly to the non-inverted image line group (5A), in the inverted image line group (5B) produced by this method, the base image (9) is perpendicular to the image line from the center of each saddle-shaped image line (6i). Includes a compressed image that moves a distance of about the width (H) of the frame. However, the moving direction is opposite to that of the non-inverted image line group (5A).

  As described above, two types of latent image lines (non-inverted image line (8A) and inverted image line (8B)) are created from one base image (9). In the first embodiment, all the latent image lines (in accordance with the positional relationship with the reference line (7) with respect to the portion where the saddle-shaped line (6) exists under the base image (9). 8) must be created, and the moving range of the frame (10) is the range of the horizontal width of the base image (9) + the frame width H. The center of the frame (10) exceeds the reference line (7) as to whether or not to mirror-invert the taken image in the frame (whether it is non-inverted image line (8A) or inverted image line (8B)). The standard is whether or not it exceeds.

  The difference between the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) lies in the presence or absence of a step of mirror inversion of the extracted image. A non-inverted image line group (5A) which is a set of non-inverted image lines (8A) produced without mirror inversion, and an inverted image line which is a set of inverted image lines (8B) produced by mirror inversion The group (5B) includes a compressed image in which the base image (9) is moved in a direction orthogonal to the image line direction by a distance of about the frame width (H), but the moving direction is opposite to that of the group (5B). Yes, only the direction of movement is different when an image appears.

  The value of the reduction ratio is a value indicating how much the base image (9) is compressed. The smaller the value, the base image (9) included in each latent image line (8). Therefore, the width of the movement of the base image (9) that appears under specular reflection light is large. On the other hand, since the smaller the value, the reproduced base image (9) tends to be unclear. Therefore, in setting this numerical value, both the moving image effect and the sharpness of the appearing base image (9) are considered. Need to be determined. If this numerical value is basically a value smaller than 1, the effect of the present invention itself is produced. If the latent image group (5) is formed by general offset printing, flexographic printing, or the like, it is desirable to use a numerical value of 0.005 or more and 0.5 or less.

The values of the reduction ratio (W2 / H) of the non-inversion image line (8A) and the reduction ratio (W2 / H) of the inversion image line (8B) are basically the same or may be changed, but the base image (9 ) Is desired to have a certain regularity when it is desired to smoothly enlarge or reduce. Specifically, the most desirable regularity is the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) having the same absolute value of the distance from the reference line (7) among the respective latent image lines (8). The reduction ratio is set to the same value. In the example of the three latent image lines (8) in FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, the non-inverted image line (8Ai- ₁₀ ) and the inverted image line (8Bi _{+ 10} ) that are the farthest from the reference line (7). The reduction ratio is preferably the same, and the non-inversion image line (8Ai) and the inversion image line (8Bi) in the middle position are preferably the same, and the closest non-inversion image line (8Ai ₊₁₀ ). It is desirable that the reduction ratio of the reverse image line (8Bi- ₁₀ ) is the same. In this case, the reduction rate of each latent image line (8) closer to the reference line (7) is set to a large value, and the reduction rate of the latent image line (8) farther from the reference line (7). When a relatively small value is set, a visual effect is generated in which the base image (9) spreads faster as the distance from the reference line (7) increases in the effect of enlargement, and as the reference line (7) approaches in the effect of reduction. This is desirable because a visual effect that the base image (9) shrinks slowly is produced, and the enlargement / reduction effect is more easily recognized.

  Contrary to the above-described example, the reduction rate of each latent image line (8) closer to the reference line (7) is set to a small value, and the latent image line (6) farther from the reference line (7) is set. When the reduction ratio of 8) is a relatively large value, depending on the value of the reduction ratio, the base image (9) and the reverse image line generated from the non-inversion image line group (5A) at the center of the reference line (7). Such a configuration is not desirable because the base image (9) generated from the group (5B) may be separated, resulting in a space between them or two images overlapping each other.

  Since W2 has the same value in the first embodiment, changing the reduction ratio (W2 / H) is synonymous with changing the value of the frame width (H). That is, in order to reduce the reduction ratio, the width (H) of the frame may be increased as the distance from the reference line (7) increases.

Subsequently, the latent image line group (5) that forms the final latent image by superimposing the two latent image line groups of the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the inverted image line group (5B). ). By synthesizing the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the inverted image line group (5B) so that the respective image lines do not overlap each other, the latent image line group (5) can be produced. When the latent image line group (5) as in the first embodiment has a simple configuration consisting of one type of image line, it is simply the most reference line (7) in the non-inverted line group (5A). A non-inverted image line (8A _n ) close to the non-inverted image line (8B ₁ ) closest to the reference line (7) in the group of inverted image lines (5B) is arranged adjacent to each other at a specific pitch (P1). It ’s fine.

  As described above, each non-inverted image line (8A) and inverted image line (8B) are produced, and finally a latent image line group (5) may be produced by using commercially available image processing software. . Alternatively, the latent image line group (5) may be created by creating a program for performing the above-described processing on a computer.

  The swell is not essential for the latent image line group (5). For this reason, the latent image line group (5) may be formed by any printing method. In view of productivity, it is most preferable to form by offset printing. In order to visualize the base image (9) that has been formed into a latent image under specular reflection light, the latent image line group (5) needs to have a color difference with the saddle-shaped line group (4) during regular reflection. And at least the color at the time of reflection needs to be different from the color at the time of regular reflection of the bowl-shaped image line (6).

  In addition, since the latent image line group (5) is formed so as to overlap with the saddle-shaped image line group (4), the saddle-shaped line group (4) below the latent image line group (5). The light incident on the light is blocked, and the color change of the saddle-shaped image line group (4) generated under the regular reflection light is suppressed. Therefore, depending on whether or not the latent image line group (5) overlaps, the saddle-shaped line group (4) has a greater difference in color during regular reflection. In order to further enhance, it is desirable that the latent image line group (5) has a high light blocking property.

  For this reason, when the latent image line group (5) is formed by printing, it is desirable to use a matte ink with low gloss. Further, when a functional material having a high light blocking property such as titanium is blended with these inks, a higher effect can be obtained.

  Furthermore, since the latent image line group (5) is desirably invisible under diffuse reflection light, it is desirable that the latent image line group (5) has a colorless and translucent color. However, in order to facilitate quality control in the printing process, etc., color printing is performed by slightly coloring pigments, or fluorescent pigments are blended with transparent ink, and reprinting and printing using UV lamps. Abnormalities such as defects can also be managed.

  The latent image line group (5) may be formed not only by a printing press using a printing plate but also by using a digital printing press such as a printer. The latent image line group (5) is not formed on the saddle-shaped image line group (4) by printing, but the saddle-shaped image line (6) itself is cut by cutting the saddle-shaped image line (6). Can also have the shape of a latent image line (8). Such cutting can be easily performed by using a laser processing machine. In the case of the saddle-shaped image line group (4) irradiated with the laser, in many cases, the light-dark flip-flop property and the color flip-flop property are lost or greatly deteriorated. The low gloss characteristic required for the group (5) can be imparted. When these printers and laser processing machines are used, there is a feature that variable information that gives different information one by one can be easily given.

The latent image printed matter (1) of the present invention is formed by superimposing the latent image line group (5) on the saddle-shaped image line group (4). The positional relationship of the superposition of these two images will be described. To do. FIG. 10 shows an appropriate positional relationship between two images of the saddle-shaped image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5). In the latent image printed matter (1), the latent image line group (5) needs to overlap with the saddle-shaped image line group (4). As shown in FIG. 10, the most desirable positional relationship is a positional relationship in which the latent image lines (8) that form a pair on the bowl-shaped line (6) are completely overlapped. That is, as shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 10, the latent image lines (8Bi ₋₁ ) having a paired relationship with each of the saddle-shaped image lines (6Bi ₋₁ , 6Bi, 6Bi ₊₁ , 6i ₊₂ ). , 8Bi, 8Bi _{+ 1} , 8i _{+ 2} ) need to overlap each other.

  The positional relationship between the saddle-shaped image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5) may deviate from an appropriate positional relationship depending on a variation in printing during printing (so-called printing error). . Even in such a case, the effect of the present invention is exhibited as long as the saddle-shaped image line (6) and the latent image line (8), which form a pair, overlap at least partially. In many cases, the size of the image (9) does not change continuously, but in many cases, there is a problem that the image (9) suddenly changes to another size at a certain observation angle (hereinafter referred to as “jump phenomenon”). . An image line configuration for eliminating this jump phenomenon will be described later in the second embodiment.

  Next, the effect of the latent image printed material (1) according to the present invention, which is configured by the proper overlapping positional relationship between the saddle-like image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5) in FIG. 10, will be described. Under diffuse reflected light where no strong light is incident on the printed image (3), the base image (9), which is a latent image, is invisible, and only the printed image (3) is visible (not shown). Under one specularly reflected light, a base image (9) representing a chromatic pattern appears due to light contrast.

  As shown in FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C, the base image (3) in the print image (3) is observed by changing the inclination of the latent image print (1) with respect to the incident light. The center position of 9) does not change and the size changes. In this example, it appears that the base image (9) gradually spreads in the direction perpendicular to the image line as the latent image print (1) is tilted and the angle increases. Moreover, it seems that it is shrinking gradually by reversing the direction of tilting reversely. The effect that one base image (9) appears to expand or contract is an effect that cannot be achieved by the prior art, and is the greatest feature of the present invention.

  The principle that produces the above effects will be described. For example, in FIG. 11, when light is incident from the A side direction of the latent image printed matter (1), the surface of the ridge-like image line (6) having a bulge that forms the ridge-like image line group (4). The light is strongly regularly reflected only on the surface of the image line corresponding to the A side from the center of each image line. On the contrary, when the light is incident from the direction of the A ′ side of the latent image print (1), Of the surface of the image line (6), only the surface of the image line corresponding to the direction of the A ′ side from the center of each image line strongly reflects light regularly.

  As described above, when an image line having a bulge such as a bowl-shaped image line (6) reflects light, the light is reflected around the surface of the image line that is normal to the incident light. In other words, the region where the light is strongly reflected in the surface of the image line having the rise changes according to the angle of the incident light.

  Since the latent image line (8) is formed on the surface of the saddle-shaped image line (6), when the saddle-shaped image line (6) strongly reflects light, it is superimposed on the image line. The generated latent image line (8) and the saddle-shaped line (6) change to different colors, and the latent image line (8) that has been concealed until then is visualized by the difference in color.

  In this case, the latent image line (8) to be visualized is only a part of the latent image line (8) formed by superimposing the light-reflected region on the bowl-shaped image line (6). Yes, the latent image line (8) formed so as to be overlaid on the other region remains hidden. For this reason, when light is incident, a region that strongly reflects light is formed only on a part of the surface of the image line (6). Only the latent image line (8) superimposed on is sampled and visualized.

  At this time, when the width to be sampled, that is, the width of the region in which each saddle-shaped image line (6) strongly reflects the light is narrower, the appearing latent image is closer to the base image (9) and has a contour. Is sharp and the entire image is clearly reproduced.

  On the contrary, when the width is wide, the image becomes closer to the latent image line group (5) itself, and the outline is blurred and reproduced in an unclear state. In order to prevent this state, it is necessary to narrow the area where the image line having each bulge reflects light strongly, and it is effective to increase the height of the image line having the bulge.

  When the observer's viewpoint moves or the latent image printed material (1) is tilted, the angle at which the light is incident changes, so that the light reflecting area of the surface of the saddle-shaped image line (6) is reflected. Accordingly, the sampled area of the latent image line (8) is also moved.

  Here, the latent image line (8) constituting the latent image line group (5) formed on the bowl-shaped line (6) is a non-inverted line (8A) centered on the reference line (7). ) And the reverse image line (8B). A non-inverted image line group (5A) produced without mirror-inverting a part of the base image (9) and an inverted image line group (5B) produced by mirror-inversion are respectively the base image (9). Includes a compressed image that only moves in a direction orthogonal to the image line direction by a distance of the width (H) of the frame, but the moving directions in the respective image information are opposite. Therefore, there is an effect that the appearing base image (9) moves in the opposite direction and at the same time in the direction orthogonal to the image line around the reference line (7). The effect of moving in the opposite direction at the same time is the effect that the base image (9) appears to be enlarged around the reference line (7) or to be reduced by observing it in the opposite direction. .

  As described above, in the latent image printed matter (1) of the present invention, when the latent image printed matter (1) strongly reflects light, the base image (9) appears as a latent image, and the reference line ( This is the principle that produces an effect that appears to be enlarged or reduced, centering on 7). The above is the description of the first embodiment.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the latent image printed matter according to the second embodiment, the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the inverted image line group (5B) each include two types of latent image image lines (a latent image image line set). Thus, a mode in which a smooth and continuous enlargement or reduction effect occurs even if the positional relationship of the superposition of the saddle-like image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5) is deviated from an appropriate position will be described. . In the second embodiment, the “latent image line set” refers to one latent image line in the first embodiment, which is 2 of non-inverted latent image line and inverted latent image line. A state in which a book constitutes one image line as a set.

  FIG. 12A shows the latent image printed matter (1 ′) of the present invention, and FIG. 12B shows a cross-sectional view (schematic diagram) of the latent image printed matter (1 ′) along the A-A ′ line. The latent image printed matter (1 ') includes a printed image (3') on a substrate (2 '). The substrate (2 ') may be paper, plastic, metal or the like as long as the printed image (3') can be formed, and the material is not limited. Further, the printed image (3 ') may be transparent or colored, and the color thereof is not limited.

  FIG. 13 shows an outline of the configuration of the print image (3 ′). The print image (3 ') is formed by overlapping the saddle-like image line group (4') and the latent image line group (5) '. The laminated structure of the print image (3 ') has a structure in which the latent image line group (5') overlaps with the bowl-shaped line group (4 ').

  Since the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ') is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted, and the latent image image line group (5') will be described. As shown in FIG. 14, the latent image line group (5 ′) has a first latent image line group (5A ′) and a second latent image line group ( 5B '). Further, the first latent image line group (5A ′) is composed of a first non-inverted image line group (5A-1 ′) and a first reverse image line group (5A-2 ′). The latent image line group (5B ′) includes a second reverse image line group (5B-1 ′) and a second non-inverted image line group (5B-2 ′). That is, the latent image line group (5 ′) includes two types of non-inverted image line groups, a first non-inverted image line group (5A-1 ′) and a second non-inverted image line (5B-2 ′). And two types of reverse image line groups, a first reverse image line group (5A-2 ′) and a second reverse image line group (5B-1 ′).

  FIG. 15 shows the configuration of the first latent image line group (5A ') and the second latent image line group (5B'). The first latent image line group (5A ′) includes a first non-inverted image line group (5A-1 ′) and a first reverse image line group (5A-2 ′). The line set (8A ′) has the same regularity as the saddle-shaped image line group (4) and is arranged in a line, and the second latent image line group (5B ′) is the second inversion. The second latent image line set (8B ′) composed of the line group (5B-1 ′) and the second non-inverted line group (5B-2 ′) is the same as the saddle-shaped line group (4 ′). It is arranged in a line with regularity.

  Specifically, the first latent image line set (8A ′) and the second latent image line set (8B) each having the same line width (W2) and the same line direction (S1 in the figure). ') Is continuously arranged at the same pitch (P1) as the saddle-shaped image line group and in the same image line direction (direction S2 in the drawing). The first latent image line set (8A ') and the second latent image line set (8B') are slightly different in shape between adjacent image lines.

  Each of the first latent image line set (8A ′) and the second latent image line set (8B ′) has a pair of saddle-shaped line lines (6 ′). The shape of the saddle-shaped image line (6 ′) paired with the image image line set (8A ′) and the second latent image image line set (8B ′) is substantially the same. The saddle-shaped image line (5 ') paired with the first latent image image line set (8A') and the second latent image image line set (8B ') overlaps with each other in an appropriate positional relationship. The shapes of the first latent image line set (8A ′) and the second latent image line set (8B ′) here do not indicate the shape of the image line itself, but the image shown in FIG. This refers to the shape including a blank portion existing in the line width (W1).

Each first latent image line set (8A ′) includes a first non-inverted image line (8A-1 ′) and a first inverted image line (8A-2 ′). That is, as shown in FIG. 16, an arbitrary first latent image line set (8A ₅ ′, 8A ₈ ′, 8A ₁₀ ′) is different from the first non-inverted line (8A _5-1 ′, 8A _{8). -1} ′, 8A _10-1 ′) and a first inverted image line (8A _5-2 ′, 8A _8-2 ′, 8A _10-2 ′).

Similarly, each second latent image line set (8B ′) includes a second reverse image line (8B-1 ′) and a second non-inverted image line (8B-2 ′). That is, as shown in FIG. 16, an arbitrary second latent image line set (8B ₅ ′, 8B ₈ ′, 8B ₁₀ ′) is different from the second reverse image line (8B _5-1 ′, 8B _{8- 1} ', 8B _10-1 ') and a second non-inverted image line (8B _5-2 ', 8B _8-2 ', 8B _10-2 '). In the second embodiment, all of the four types of image lines (8A-1 ′, 8A-2 ′, 8B-1 ′, 8B-2 ′) constituting the latent image image line group (5 ′) It is composed of the same line width (W3). Here, W3 = W2 / 2.

  In the first latent image line set (8A ′), the first non-inverted image line (8A-1) and the first reverse image line (8A-2) which are adjacent to each other in one pitch (P1). Is a pair of relationships, and the relationship between the images (the image lines themselves) is substantially equal to an image obtained by mirror-inverting each other image. As a result, the first latent image image line set (8A ′) The image is close to a symmetrical relationship with respect to the center line of the line. The same applies to the second latent image line set (8B ').

  Here, the first non-inverted image line (8A-1 ′) has the same production method and configuration as the non-inverted image line (8A) in the first embodiment. 1 ′) is the same as the inversion image line (8B) in the first embodiment, and the description is omitted. In the following, a manufacturing method and a configuration of the first inverted image line (8A-2 ') and the second non-inverted image line (8B-2') will be described.

First, a manufacturing method and a structure of the first reverse image line (8A-2 ′) will be described. An example of a method for producing an arbitrary first reverse image line (8Ai- ₂ ′) in FIG. 17 will be described. Since the base image (9 ′) shown in FIG. 17A and the appearance position of the base image (9) have already been determined, they are arranged below the base image (9 ′) as shown in FIG. The positional relationship with an arbitrary saddle-shaped image line (6Ai ′) is determined.

Then, as shown in FIG. 17C, the height (L) in the direction parallel to the image line (L is a value larger than the height of the base image (9)) and the width in the direction orthogonal to the image line (H ) Frame (10 ′) is set, the center of the frame (10 ′) is set at the center of an arbitrary saddle-shaped image line (6Ai ′), and only the base image (9 ′) that fits in the frame is shown in FIG. Remove as shown in d). The extracted in-frame image (9Ai ′) is mirror-inverted in the direction orthogonal to the image line with the center of the image as the axis (FIG. 17E). The presence or absence of this step is the difference between the first reverse image line (8A-2 ′) and the first non-inverted image line (8A-1 ′). This inverted image is compressed to a certain width (W3) at a specific reduction rate toward the center of the saddle-shaped image line (6Ai ′) (FIG. 17 (f)). As a result, one of the first reverse image lines (8Ai- ₂ ′) is completed (FIG. 17G).

FIG. 17 shows a method of producing an arbitrary first reverse image line (8Ai- ₂ ′). However, as shown in FIG. 18, all of the image lines in the image line group (4 ′) are shown. (6i- ₁₀ ′,..., 6i ′,..., 6i _{+ 10} ′), the first reverse image lines (8Ai- _10-2 ′,..., 8Ai- ₂ ′,. .., 8Ai _{+ 10-2} ′) can be produced, whereby the first reverse image line group (5A-2 ′) can be produced.

Next, a manufacturing method and a structure of the second non-inverted image line group (5B-2 ′) will be described. FIG. 19 shows an example of a method for producing the second non-inverted image line (8Bi ₋₂ ′). The frame (10 ') having the same size as that used for the production of the first reverse image line (8Ai- ₂ ') is placed at the center of an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6Bi ') (Fig. 19 (c)). ), Only the base image (9 ′) that fits in the frame (10 ′) is taken out as shown in FIG. 19D and set as an in-frame image (9Bi ′). This in-frame image (9Bi ′) is compressed to a certain width (W3) at a specific reduction rate toward the center of the saddle-shaped image line (6Bi ′) (FIG. 19E). As a result, one of the second non-inverted image lines (8Bi- ₂ ') is completed (FIG. 19 (f)).

FIG. 20 shows a method for producing the second non-inverted image line (8Bi- ₂ ′) corresponding to one image line (6i ′), but as shown in FIG. The second non-inverted image line (8Bi- ₁₀ ) paired with respect to all the saddle-shaped image lines (6i- ₁₀ ', ..., 6i', ..., 6i _{+ 10} ') in (4'). ₋₂ ′,..., 8Bi− ₂ ′,..., 8Bi _{+ 10−2} ′), the second non-inverted image line group (5B-2 ′) can be manufactured.

  The difference between the first non-inversion image line (8A-1 ′) and the first inversion image line (8A-2 ′) lies in the presence or absence of a step of mirror inversion of the extracted image, which is the second inversion image. The same applies to the line (8B-1 ′) and the second non-inverted image line (8B-2 ′).

  As described above, in the second embodiment, four types of latent image lines (first non-inverted image line (8A-1 ′), first inverted image line) are generated from one base image (9 ′). (8A-2 ′), the second inversion image line (8B-1 ′), and the second non-inversion image line (8B-2 ′)) are produced. As in the first embodiment, it is necessary to perform the process on the portion where the saddle-shaped image line (6 ′) exists below the base image (9 ′), and exists below the base image (9 ′). In the first embodiment, one latent image line (non-inverted image line (8A), inverted image line (8B)) is used for one saddle-shaped image line (6 ') in the first embodiment. )) In the second embodiment, but in the second embodiment, two types of pair strokes (first non-reversal stroke (8A-1 ′) and first non-reversal stroke and different in the order of combination) The reverse image line (8A-2 ′) or the second reverse image line (8B-1 ′) and the second non-inverted image line (8B-2 ′)) must be prepared as a set.

  The first non-inverted image line produced after fitting the frame for creating the latent image line (8 ′) to the center of the same line image (6 ′). (8A-1 ′) and the first reverse image line (8A-2 ′) are adjacent to each other as a pair. It is desirable not to provide a gap between two image lines or to make it as small as possible. Thus, one first latent image line set (8A) is completed. This operation is repeated to produce all the first latent image line sets (8A ′), which are continuously arranged at the same specific pitch (P1) as the arrangement pitch of the bowl-like image lines (6 ′). One latent image line group (5A ′) is completed. The same operation is performed for the second inverted image line (8B-1 ′) and the second non-inverted image line (8B-2 ′) to produce the second latent image image set (8B ′). Similarly, the second latent image line group (5B ′) is completed by arranging them successively.

  Here, as an important point, in the first latent image line set (8A ′) and the second latent image line set (8B ′), each of the latent image line set (8A ′) and the second latent image line set (8B ′) depends on the positional relationship with the reference line (7 ′). It is necessary to adjust the arrangement of non-inverted lines and inverted lines in the set. Referring to FIG. 16, in the first image line set (8A ′), the first non-inverted image line (8A-1 ′) is arranged on the side far from the reference line (7 ′), and the first image line set on the near side. If the second reversal image line (8A-2 ′) is arranged, the second reversal image line (8B-1) is closer to the reference line (7 ′) in the second latent image image line set (8B ′). ') And the second non-inverted image line (8B-2') must be arranged on the far side.

  Conversely, in the first latent image line set (8A ′), the first non-inverted line (8A-1 ′) is disposed on the side close to the reference line (7 ′), and the first non-inverted line (8A-1 ′) is disposed on the far side. If the second reversal image line (8A-2 ′) is arranged, the second reversal image line (8B-1) is located farther from the reference line (7 ′) in the second latent image line set (8B ′). ') And the second non-inverted image line (8B-2') needs to be arranged on the near side.

  That is, the latent image lines constituting the latent image line group (5 ′) are arranged on the side farther from the reference line (7 ′) with the center of the pair of saddle-shaped lines (6 ′) as axes. Each non-inverted image line (8A-1 ′, 8B-2 ′) is arranged, and each inverted image line (8A-2 ′, 8B-1 ′) is placed on the side close to the reference line (7 ′). Or arrange each non-inverted image line (8A-1 ′, 8B-2 ′) on the side close to the reference line (7 ′) and each side on the side far from the reference line (7 ′). It is necessary to arrange the reverse image lines (8A-2 ′, 8B-1 ′).

  Next, the two latent image line groups of the first latent image line group (5A ′) and the second latent image line group (5B ′) are overlapped to form an image constituting the final latent image. A latent image line group (5 ′) is created. By combining the first latent image line group (5A ′) and the second latent image line group (5B ′) so that the respective image lines do not overlap each other, the latent image line group (5 ′ ) Can be produced. The first latent image line set (8An ') closest to the reference line (7') in the first latent image line group (5A ') and the second latent image line group (5B') The second latent image line set (8B1 ′) closest to the reference line (7 ′) is adjacently arranged at a specific pitch (P1), and the latent image line group (5 ′) is completed. .

  As described above, the latent image line group (5) is formed by combining the first latent image line group (5A ′) and the second latent image line group (5B). (5 ′) is based on four types of non-inverted image lines (8A-1 ′, 8B-2 ′) and two types of inversion image lines (8A-2 ′, 8B-1 ′). Become. That is, in each latent image line (8) constituting the latent image line group (5 ′), information that the base image (9 ′) is enlarged in a specific direction orthogonal to the line, Information for reducing the base image (9 ′) in a direction opposite to a specific direction orthogonal to the line is simultaneously provided. The reduction ratio, the optical characteristics required for the latent image line group (5 '), the formation method, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

The positional relationship of superposition of the saddle-like image line group (4 ′) and the latent image line group (5 ′) will be described. FIG. 21 shows an appropriate positional relationship between the two images of the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ′) and the latent image line group (5 ′). In the latent image printed matter (1 ′), the latent image line group (5 ′) needs to overlap with the saddle-shaped line group (4 ′). As shown in FIG. 21, the most desirable positional relationship is a positional relationship in which the latent image line group (5 ′) completely overlaps the pair of saddle-shaped line groups (4 ′). That is, as shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 21, the latent image lines that are paired with the respective saddle-shaped lines (6Bi- ₁ ', 6Bi', 6Bi _{+ 1} ', 6i _{+ 2} '). (8Bi _-1 ′, 8B ′, 8Bi ₊₁ ′, 8Bi ₊₂ ′) must overlap each other.

  Subsequently, the effect of the latent image printed matter (1 ′) of the present invention constituted by the positional relationship of appropriate overlap between the saddle-like image line group (4 ′) and the latent image line group (5 ′) in FIG. To do. Under diffuse reflected light where no strong light is incident on the printed image (3 ′), the base image (9 ′) which is a latent image is invisible, and only the printed image (3 ′) can be visually recognized (not shown). ). Under one specularly reflected light, a base image (9 ') representing a chromatic pattern appears due to light contrast.

  As shown in FIGS. 22 (a), 22 (b), and 22 (c), by changing the inclination of the latent image print (1 ′) with respect to the incident light, the base in the print image (3 ′) is observed. The size of the center position of the image (9 ′) changes without changing. In this example, as the latent image print (1 ′) is tilted from the state of FIG. 22A, the base image (9 ′) is orthogonal to the image line with the reference line (7 ′) as the center as shown in FIG. 22B. It seems to expand gradually in the direction of. Further, from that state, if the image is tilted deeply in the same direction as shown in FIG. 22C, the base image (9 ') appears to shrink gradually in the direction opposite to the state shown in FIG. As described above, in the second embodiment, instead of changing the direction of the inclination, the angle of the inclination is simply made deeper, and the appearing base image (9 ′) is enlarged, and then from a specific observation angle. On the other hand, special visual effects such as reduction or reduction and enlargement from a specific observation angle occur.

  This is because the latent image lines constituting the latent image line group (5 ′) move in different directions, respectively, non-inverted image lines (8A-1 ′, 8B-2 ′) and inverted image lines (8A-2). ', 8B-1'). The effect of reversing the direction of movement of the base image (9 ′) even though the direction in which the latent image print (1 ′) is tilted is constant is the same as that of the first embodiment. This is an effect that cannot be achieved if the image line is composed of one type of latent image line that moves in one direction, and consists of two types of latent image lines that move in one direction. This is a feature of the effect of the latent image printed matter (1 ′) in the second embodiment.

  Such an effect that the base image (9 ′) that appears simply by increasing the angle of inclination is enlarged and then reduced from a specific observation angle (hereinafter, this effect is referred to as “enlargement / reduction inversion effect”). Compared with the effect of moving the base image (9 ′) only in one direction, it is easier to attract the viewer's interest and it is difficult to forge, so it can be said that this is a more desirable effect.

  The principle that this “enlargement / reduction reverse effect” occurs will be described. The latent image (5 ') in the second embodiment is all composed of latent image line sets (8A', 8B '). All the latent image line sets (8A ′, 8B ′) include a non-inverted latent image line (8A-1 ′, 8B-2 ′) and a reverse latent image line (8A-2 ′, 8B-1). '). Then, a pair of latent image line sets (8A ', 8B') are superimposed on all the bowl-shaped line lines (6 '). That is, information on the base image (9 ′) being enlarged in a specific direction orthogonal to the image line and a direction opposite to the specific direction orthogonal to the image line are placed on all the saddle-shaped image lines (6 ′). Are simultaneously provided with information for reducing the base image (9 ′).

  Therefore, which part of the latent image line set (8A ′, 8B ′) formed on the bowl-like image line (6 ′) when light enters the bowl-like image line (6 ′) is sampled. Depending on whether or not the appearing base image (9) is enlarged or conversely reduced.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 21, with respect to one saddle-like image line (6 ′), the peak of the rising edge of the saddle-like image line (6 ′) is taken as a branch line, which is close to the reference line (7 ′). The second reverse image line (8B-1 ′) overlaps the slope on the side (A side), and the second non-inverted image line (A ′ side) on the slope far from the reference line (7 ′) (A ′ side) ( As an example, a positional relationship in which 8B-2 ′) overlaps is taken.

  In the case of this positional relationship, when light enters from the A side, the second reverse image line (8B-1 ') is sampled. On the A side of the second reverse image line (8B-1 ′), there is information on a state in which the base image (9 ′) is closest (shrinked) to the reference line (7 ′) side. There is information on a state where the base image (9 ′) is farthest (enlarged) from the reference line (7 ′) on the apex side of the rise of the image line (8B-1 ′). For this reason, the reflection of the light of the saddle-shaped image line (6 ′) is increased by increasing the tilt angle so that the observation angle with respect to the latent image print (1 ′) is increased from FIG. 22 (a) to FIG. 22 (b). The surface gradually moves from the A side to the rising vertex side, and the image information of the second reverse image line (8B-1 ′) sampled at the same time also moves from the A side to the rising vertex side. . Therefore, the base image (9 ') that appears after being sampled is in a contracted state, and then gradually changes to an enlarged state. As described above, when light is incident from the side A and the inclination angle is changed greatly from there, an effect of enlarging the appeared base image (9 ') is produced.

  Further, when the inclination of the latent image printed material (1 ′) is changed more greatly from that state (FIG. 22 (c)), the light reflecting surface of the bowl-shaped image line (6 ′) rises from the A side. Reach the top. The information sampled at this stage is switched from the image information of the second inverted image line (8B-1 ') to the image information of the second non-inverted image line (8B-2'). There is information on the state in which the base image (9 ′) is farthest (enlarged) from the reference line (7 ′) side on the apex side of the rise of the second non-inverted image line (8B-2 ′). On the A ′ side of the non-inverted image line (8B-2 ′), there is information on the state in which the base image (9 ′) is closest (shrinked) to the reference line (7 ′).

  For this reason, the reflection of the light of the saddle-shaped image line (6 ′) is increased by increasing the tilt angle so that the observation angle with respect to the latent image print (1 ′) is deepened from FIG. 22 (b) to FIG. 22 (c). The surface gradually moves from the top of the swell to the A ′ side, and the image information of the second reverse image line (8B-1 ′) sampled at the same time also moves from the top of the swell to the A ′ side. . For this reason, the reflecting surface moves from the swelled apex to the A ′ side, and the base image (9 ′) that appears after being sampled is first enlarged, and then gradually changed to a reduced state. Looks like. As described above, when the tilt angle is further greatly changed, an effect of reducing the appeared base image (9 ') is produced. According to the above principle, the “enlargement / reduction inversion effect” in the second embodiment occurs.

  The enlargement / reduction reversal effect in the second embodiment is not merely provided to increase the unique visual effect or counterfeit resistance. The configuration for obtaining this effect is to suppress the “jump phenomenon” that occurs when the alignment of the saddle-like image line group (4 ′) and the latent image line group (5 ′) is shifted from the proper position. However, another major purpose is to always produce the effect of enlargement or reduction in a continuous and smooth movement. This will be specifically described below.

  As mentioned in the first embodiment, when the positional relationship between the saddle-shaped image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5) deviates from an appropriate state, a basic image (called “jump phenomenon”) 9) A phenomenon occurs in which the magnitude of suddenly changes greatly. Taking the first embodiment as an example, as shown in FIG. 23, one pitch of the pitch image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5) in FIG. When the printing is shifted by half (P1 / 2), the pair of saddle-shaped image lines (6) and the latent image image line (8) do not overlap each other, and one saddle-shaped image line (6) is formed. The positional relationship is such that two different reverse image lines (8B) overlap.

The image information of each reversal image line (8B) includes information on a state where the base image (9) is closest (shrinked) to the reference line (7) on the side far from the reference line (7). On the side closer to the line (7), there is information on the state in which the base image (9) is farthest (enlarged) from the reference line (7). The positional relationship between the semi-cylindrical image line group in FIG. 23 (4) and the latent image picture line group (5), at the apex of the protrusion of the semi-cylindrical streak (6), adjacent from one reversal streak (8B _i) Since the reverse image line (8B _{i + 1} ) is switched, when the latent image print (1) is tilted and the information in the vicinity of the rise of the saddle image line (6) is sampled, the reproduced base image ( In the image information 9), the size of the base image (9) changes at a stretch from the most contracted state to the most expanded state, or from the most expanded state to the most contracted state. This change in state is discontinuous, thereby losing the continuous and smooth enlargement or reduction effect that is the effect of the present invention, causing the viewer to feel uncomfortable. This is the “jump phenomenon”, and the misalignment between the saddle-like image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5) is the cause of the occurrence.

  In the second embodiment, this “jump phenomenon” does not occur. The reason will be described below. As shown in FIG. 24, printing is performed by half (P1 / 2) of one pitch based on the positional relationship between the appropriate saddle-like image line group (4 ′) and latent image line group (5 ′) shown in FIG. 23, as in the example of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 23, the saddle-shaped image line (6 ′) and the latent image image line (8B ′) that make a pair do not overlap each other. The positional relationship is such that two different latent image lines (8B ′) overlap the bowl-shaped line (6 ′). Here, each latent image line in the second embodiment is always paired with image information that moves in the opposite direction.

  In the configuration of the latent image line of the first embodiment, image information at both ends of one latent image line is two extremely different pieces of information, that is, the base image (9) in the most contracted state and the most expanded state. Therefore, by sampling the switching part of two adjacent latent image lines, it changes at a stretch from the most contracted state to the most expanded state (or from the most expanded state to the most contracted state). A “jump phenomenon” occurred.

  On the other hand, the image information in the latent image line (8 ′) of the second embodiment is information that changes from the most contracted state to the most expanded state and from the most expanded state to the most contracted state. It consists of two different sets of information that change, or two different types of information that change from the most expanded state to the most contracted state and information that changes from the most contracted state to the most expanded state Consists of a set of information. For this reason, the image information at both ends of the image information in the latent image line (8 ′) according to the second embodiment is the information in the most contracted state or the information in the most expanded state. It becomes. Therefore, even when the switching part of two adjacent latent image lines is sampled, it is only necessary to keep the same state from the most contracted state to the most contracted state (or from the most expanded state to the most expanded state). Yes, the “jump phenomenon” does not occur, and a continuous “enlargement / reduction reverse effect” is secured.

  As an example, FIG. 25 shows the effect when the latent image printed material (1 ') of the present invention is configured by the positional relationship between the saddle-like image line group (4') and the latent image line group (5 ') in FIG. The base image (9 ′), which is a latent image, is invisible under diffuse reflected light in which light does not directly enter the latent image printed matter (1 ′) from the light source, and only the printed image (3 ′) can be visually recognized (not shown). ) Under one specularly reflected light, a base image (9 ') representing a chromatic pattern appears due to light contrast.

  As shown in FIGS. 25 (a), (b), and (c), by changing the inclination of the latent image print (1 ′) with respect to the incident light, the base in the print image (3 ′) is observed. The size of the center position of the image (9 ′) changes without changing. In this example, as the latent image printed material (1 ′) is tilted from the state of FIG. 25A, the base image (9 ′) is orthogonal to the image line around the reference line (7 ′) as shown in FIG. It seems to shrink gradually in the direction of. In addition, when the image is observed with a deeper tilt as shown in FIG. 25C, the base image (9 ') appears to gradually expand in the direction opposite to the state shown in FIG. 25B. As described above, although the effect (FIG. 22) when the imprinting shown in FIG. 21 is in an appropriate positional relationship is reversed, the relation of enlargement or reduction when tilted is reversed, but the imprinting is shifted. Even in this case, the “jump phenomenon” does not occur, and it can be seen that a smooth “enlargement / reduction reverse effect” occurs continuously.

  For the above reasons, in the configuration of the second embodiment, the “jump phenomenon” does not occur regardless of the positional relationship between the saddle-like image line group (4 ′) and the latent image line group (5 ′). "Reversal effect" can be guaranteed. Considering that the latent image printed matter (1 ′) is actually manufactured, the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ′) and the latent image image line group (5 ′) are often formed by different printing methods. It is not easy to perfectly match the printing of these two image line groups. As a countermeasure against this, in the second embodiment, the “enlargement / reduction inversion effect” can always be ensured even if the positional relationship between the saddle-like image line group (4 ′) and the latent image line group (5 ′) is shifted. Applying the configuration of the latent image printed matter (1 ′) of the present invention using the configuration described above has a great significance in reducing the manufacturing difficulty.

(Third embodiment)
Subsequently, as a third embodiment, the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ″) is not a straight line, but is configured by an image line including a curve, a straight line, and the like, and the second embodiment. Similarly, an example in which the “enlargement / reduction reverse effect” occurs will be described.

  FIG. 26 shows a latent image print (1 ″) of the present invention, and FIG. 26B shows a cross-sectional view of the latent image print (1 ″) along the line A-A ′. The latent image print (1 ") includes a printed image (3") on a substrate (2 "). The substrate (2 ″) may be paper, plastic, metal or the like as long as the printed image (3 ″) can be formed, and the material is not limited. Further, the printed image (3 ″) may be transparent or colored, and the color thereof is not limited.

  FIG. 27 shows an outline of the configuration of the print image (3 ″). The print image (3 ″) is formed by overlapping the saddle-like image line group (4 ″) and the latent image line group (5 ″). The laminated structure of the print image (3 ″) has a structure in which the latent image line group (5 ″) overlaps the saddle-shaped line group (4 ″).

  First, the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ″) will be described. As shown in FIG. 28, the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ″) has a plurality of corrugated image lines (6 ″) each having a concentric shape having different diameters and similar shapes. Consists of. In the third embodiment, the saddle-shaped image line (6 ″), which is a circle whose image line direction changes, has an arbitrary image line width (W1) and is drawn at a specific pitch (P1). It is continuously arranged in a direction orthogonal to the direction. The reference position (7 ″) in the third embodiment is a circular center.

  The “image line direction” and the “direction perpendicular to the image line direction” in the third embodiment will be described. When the image line is a straight line, as shown in FIG. 29A, the image line direction is only one direction that is completely fixed, the direction coincides with the image line itself, and the direction orthogonal to the image line direction is The direction intersects the image line at 90 degrees. On the other hand, when the image line is a curve as shown in FIG. 29B, the image line direction continuously changes at each point. That is, the tangential direction of the curve at each point becomes the drawing direction, and the direction orthogonal to the drawing direction is the normal direction of the curve at each point (the direction from the point on the drawing to the outside at a right angle). Become.

  As an example, FIG. 30 shows an example of a saddle-like image line group (4 ″) configured by saddle-like image lines (6 ″) having different image-line directions. These can be formed by arranging the saddle-like image lines (6 ″) in a similar shape and continuously arranging them at the same pitch (P1) with respect to the direction orthogonal to the image line direction.

  FIG. 31 shows an example of a saddle-like image line group (4 ″) configured by saddle-like image lines (6 ″) having different image-line directions. Each of these saddle-shaped image lines (6 ″) has similar or non-similar shapes, and in this case, the pitch is changed continuously with respect to the direction perpendicular to the image line direction. Can be formed. In this way, the latent image printed matter according to the third embodiment is that the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ″) is configured by the similar-shaped and non-similar image-shaped image lines (6 ″) other than the straight line. 1 ″) is the biggest feature.

  In addition, when each hook-shaped image line (6 '') is formed in a non-similar shape, the adjacent hook-shaped image lines (6 '') are in the shape of a hook-shaped image line group (4 ''). It is desirable to have the most similar shape among all the shapes of the saddle-shaped image lines (6 ″) included in (). The reason for this is that, in the present invention, the hook-like image line group (4 ″) is formed by using a plurality of hook-like image lines (6 ″) having a non-similar shape. '') May include a non-similar shape of the saddle-shaped line (6 ''), but the shape of the adjacent vertical-shaped lines (6 '') is significantly different from each other. When the printing of the latent image line group (5 ″) is slightly shifted, the base image (9 ″) is likely to be distorted, and the base image (9 ″) is reproduced in an unclear form. There is. Therefore, in order to reproduce the base image (9 ″) in a clear form with as little distortion as possible, it is possible even if at least the adjacent saddle-shaped image lines (6 ′) are non-similar shapes. It is desirable to resemble the shape as much as possible.

  In addition, when each saddle-shaped image line (6 '') is formed in an unsimilar shape, each of the saddle-shaped image lines (6 '') has a different shape. The width and the pitch between the respective saddle-shaped image lines (6 ″) are also different. However, among the stroke widths of the respective saddle strokes (6 ″) included in one saddle stroke group (4 ″), the saddle strokes having the largest stroke width (6 It is desirable that the magnification of the line width of '') and the line-shaped image line (6 '') having the smallest line width is not more than 2 times, and similarly a single line-shaped image line. As for the pitch between the saddle-shaped image lines (6 ″) included in the group (4 ″), the magnification of the largest pitch and the smallest pitch is preferably 2 times or less.

  This is because, if there is a difference in the image line width or pitch as described above, the base image (9 '') that appears when the latent image line groups (5 '') are overlapped is partially resolved. It is preferable that the condition is satisfied in order to reproduce the base image (9 ″) as a whole image without a sense of incongruity. Further, the image line width may be made thicker, thinner, or freely changed in one saddle-shaped image line (6 ″).

  The saddle-shaped image line (6 ″) has a configuration including at least part of a curve in which the image line direction continuously changes in order to improve the authenticity of the moving image effect. In this case, the curve preferably changes by at least 10 degrees as the angle of view, and more preferably changes by 30 degrees or more. This is because a change in angle of less than 10 degrees does not cause a significant difference in terms of effect compared to a printed matter in which a conventional straight line-shaped image is formed. In order to enhance the moving image effect, the most effective configuration of the saddle-shaped image line (4 ″) partially has a circle having all the image line directions of 360 degrees shown in the second embodiment. It is a configuration.

  FIG. 32 shows an outline of the latent image line group (5 ″). The latent image line group (5 '') in the latent image printed matter (1 '') of the third embodiment has the same regularity as the saddle-shaped line group (4 '') and has a line shape. Has been placed. Specifically, the same regularity has a circular shape and a latent image line (8 ″) having a line width (W2) like a bowl-shaped line group (4 ″). It is continuously arranged in the direction orthogonal to the image line direction at the same pitch (P1) as the image line group (4 ″).

  Further, in the latent image printed matter (1 ″) of the third embodiment, four types of non-inverted image lines (8A ′) are realized as in the second embodiment in order to realize the “enlargement / reduction reversal effect”. It is not necessary to produce ') and the reverse image line (8B' '), and it is only necessary to produce two types of non-inverted image line and inverted image line as in the first embodiment. This is due to the saddle-shaped image line (4 ') of the third embodiment having a closed circular shape. In this case, in each saddle-shaped image line (6 ″), it is divided into the side closer to the reference position (7 ″) and the far side from the center of the image line of the saddle-shaped image line (6 ″). By arranging the reverse image line (8A ″) or the reverse image line (8B ″), the reference position (7 ″) similar to that of the second embodiment is symmetrically set to the non-inverted image line (8A ′). This is because ') and the reverse image line (8B' ') face each other.

  FIG. 33 is a layout diagram of each non-inverted image line (8A ″) or inverted image line (8B ″) in the latent image image group (5 ″). Each latent image line is configured such that the non-inverted image line (8A ″) and the inverted image line (8B ″) are arranged facing each other with respect to the center of the saddle-shaped image line (6 ″).

  An example of a method for producing a non-inverted image line (8A ″) in the case where the saddle-shaped image line (6 ″) is not a straight line but a circle or a curve as in the third embodiment will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 34A, a base image (9 ″) is set and placed in a print image (3 ″) as in the previous embodiments. From this, a non-inverted image line (8Ai '') paired with an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6i '') is produced. A circle (6fi '') and a bowl-like image line (6i '') that are larger by a distance H in the opposite direction from the center line of the bowl-shaped image line (6i '') toward the reference position (7 ''). A base image (9 ″) that falls between the center lines is taken out (FIG. 35D). This extracted image (9Ai ″) is used as an in-frame image (9Ai ″), and this image has an image line width toward the center line of the bowl-shaped image line (6i ″) as shown in FIG. Is compressed to become W3, and the non-inverted image line (8Ai '') is completed. This is a method for producing a non-inverted image line (8A ") that is paired with an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6i").

Next, an example of a method for producing a reverse image line (8Bi ″) that is paired with an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6i ″) will be described. A circle smaller by the distance of the frame width (H) in the direction from the center line of the arbitrary saddle-shaped image line (6i ″) to the reference position (7 ″) in the same procedure as the non-inverted image line (8A _i ) A base image (9 ″) that falls between the center line of (6fi ″) and the saddle-shaped image line (6i ″) is taken out (FIG. 35D).

  This extracted image (9Ai ″) is used as an in-frame image (9Ai ″), and this image is mirror-inverted toward the center line of the bowl-shaped image line (6i ″) as shown in FIG. . This mirror-inverted image (9BiR ″) is compressed so that the line width becomes W3 toward the center line of the bowl-shaped image line (6i ″) as shown in FIG. (8Bi ″) is completed. This is a method for producing an inversion image line (8B '') that is paired with an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6i '').

  By repeating the procedure for creating the non-inverted image line (8Ai ″) and the inverted image line (8Bi ″) for all the saddle-shaped image lines (6i ″), all non-inverted image lines ( 8Ai ″) and the reverse image line (8Bi ″) are completed. The non-inverted image line (8Ai ") and the inverted image line (8Bi") are fitted together to complete the latent image image group (5 ").

  In the third embodiment, unlike the first and second embodiments, the inside of the frame for forming the non-inverted image line (8Ai ″) and the inverted image line (8Bi ″). The image (9Ai ″, 9Bi ″) is moved outward from the center line of the saddle-shaped image line (6i ″) for the non-inverted image line (8Ai), and the image-shaped image for the inverted image line (8Bi). Different regions were set inward from the center line of the line (6i ″).

  This is because the reference position (7 ″) in the third embodiment is the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ″) circle center, and therefore the non-inverted image line (8Ai ″) is used by using the same in-frame image. When the reverse image line (8Bi '') is formed, since the respective image lines overlap, the non-inverted image line (8Ai '') and the reverse image line (8Bi '') are combined so as not to finally overlap. In order to do this, it is necessary to enlarge or reduce one or both of the images, and this is one method for saving the effort, and is not limited to this procedure. As in the first and second embodiments, the same frame is set, and a non-inverted image line that does not invert each obtained image and an inverted image line that is inverted are created, and finally You may arrange | position so that it may enlarge or reduce with respect to two images, and it may not overlap.

  The latent image line group (5 ″) produced by the above-described procedure is formed by being superimposed on the saddle-shaped line group (4 ″). The proper positional relationship is the positional relationship shown in FIG. 36 in which a pair of latent image lines (8i ″) overlaps with an arbitrary bowl-shaped image line (6i ″). Further, in the third embodiment, two different types of image lines, that is, a non-inverted image line (8A ″) and an inverted image line (8B ″) on one saddle-shaped image line (6 ″). Therefore, even if the paired latent image lines (8i '') completely coincide with each other and do not overlap with each other, the “jump” “Phenomenon” does not occur, and “enlargement and reduction reversal effect” can be secured.

  Next, FIG. 37 shows the effect of the third embodiment. Under diffuse reflected light where no strong light is incident on the printed image (3 ″), the base image (9 ″) that is a latent image is invisible, and only the printed image (3 ″) can be visually recognized ( FIG. 37 (a)). Under one specularly reflected light, a chromatic pattern, which is the base image (9 ″), appears due to light contrast. In the examples shown in FIGS. 37B, 37C, 37D, and 37E, light is printed on the latent image printed matter (1 '') from a position having a sufficient distance from the latent image printed matter (1 ''). Assume that the incident light is perpendicular to the surface of the image (3 ″).

  As shown in FIGS. 37 (b), (c), (d), and (e), the printed image (3) is observed by changing the inclination of the latent image print (1 '') with respect to the incident light. The shape of the base image (9 '') in '') changes, and the base image (9 '') is centered on the reference position (7 '') of the saddle-shaped line group (4 '') at each position. It is observed as being enlarged or reduced. Moreover, the effect that the shape to be expanded or reduced differs depending on the tilting direction.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 37C and 37E, when tilted in the second direction (S2 direction), the base image (9 ″) is mainly in the second direction. While the change that expands or contracts in the (S2 direction) is large, the change in the first direction (S1) direction is small. Conversely, as shown in FIGS. 37B and 37D, when tilted in the first direction (S1 direction), the base image (9 ″) is mainly in the first direction (S1 direction). However, the change in the second direction (S2) is small.

  This is due to the fact that the rate of movement of the specularly reflecting surface of the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ″) is relatively increased in accordance with the tilting direction. As described above, unlike the saddle-shaped image line group (4 ″) formed by straight lines, the base image (9 ″) that appears when formed by circles or curves as in the third embodiment. It can be confirmed that the effect of enlargement or reduction is not limited to a certain direction, but occurs in all directions orthogonal to the respective image lines.

  Finally, regarding the effect of enlarging or reducing the base image (9 ″) appearing under specular reflection light, which is one of the features of the latent image printed material (1 ″) of the third embodiment, the conventional technology The difference between and will be explained in detail. FIG. 38 shows the effect of enlarging or reducing the latent image printed matter of the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the enlargement effect of the base image (9 ″) is as a whole in the direction opposite to the center of the circle with the reference position (7 ″) (center of the circle) as the center in the image line design. Expanding.

  On the other hand, in the case of the conventional technique described in the cited document 1, the base image (9 ″) that appears under specular reflection light is in a direction orthogonal to the image line as shown in FIGS. The entire image moves horizontally. In the case of the conventional techniques described in the cited document 2 and the cited document 3, although the shape changes as in the base image (9 ″) of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 39 (c) and (d), An area of the base image (9 ″) is enlarged and another area is reduced. Unlike the effect of enlarging or reducing the entire image as in the present invention, the base image (9 ′) ') Becomes a slightly unclear shape. As described above, the effect of enlarging or reducing the entire image around the reference position (7 ″) is a unique feature of the latent image printed material (1 ″) of the present invention. The above is the description of the third embodiment.

  In the embodiment for carrying out the present invention, the chromatic pattern has been described as an example of the base image (9). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and symbols, symbols, symbols, and the like can be formed in addition to characters. .

  In the embodiment for carrying out the present invention, the example in which only one base image (9) is arranged in the print image (3) has been described. However, different base images (9B) can be simultaneously displayed on the same print image (3). You may arrange in. In this case, if one of the base images (9A) is enlarged and the other different base image (9B) is reduced, the enlargement / reduction effect is further enhanced by reversing the enlargement / reduction effect. Therefore, it is desirable.

  Furthermore, in the form for implementing this invention, it comprised only by the effect which expands or shrinks | reduces the base image (9), However, In combination with a prior art, a part of print image (3) WHEREIN: The printed image (3) has different visual effects, such as the effect of enlarging or reducing the size of the image, and the other part giving the effect of moving the entire conventional image in one direction perpendicular to the image line. You may give in. Such a configuration is more desirable depending on the designer because the degree of freedom in designing the movement of the image in the printed image (3) is greatly widened, and the effect is easily recognized by the observer.

  In addition, specular reflection in this specification refers to a phenomenon in which strong reflected light is generated at an angle substantially equal to the angle of incident light when light is incident on a substance at an incident angle, and diffuse reflection is This refers to a phenomenon in which weak reflected light is generated at an angle different from the angle of incident light when light is incident on a substance at an incident angle.

(Latent image printed material production method and production software)
Next, an apparatus used for producing the latent image line group (5) in the latent image printed matter (1) according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This manufacturing apparatus includes an input unit 101, a processing unit 102, a storage unit 103, and an output unit 104. The input unit 101 inputs data necessary for producing the latent image printed material (1) according to the embodiment of the present invention, and supplies the data to the processing unit 102. The processing unit 102 stores the given data in the storage unit 103, performs arithmetic processing and image processing necessary for producing the latent image printed material (1), and gives the obtained result to the output unit 104. The output unit 104 outputs the data given from the processing unit 102 to an external device such as a printing machine (not shown).

  A method of producing the latent image line group (5) in the latent image printed matter (1) using such a production apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. 41 showing the procedure.

  In the following description, the curved image line group which is the above-described latent image printed matter (1) of the present invention will be described, but the present invention can be applied as it is even when the image line group is linear. In addition, all the image data to be handled is described as being configured by a plurality of pixels, but is not necessarily configured by pixels, and is configured by vector information such as continuous lines and continuous curves without pixels. It may be an image.

  In the following description, image data of a base image (9), a saddle-shaped image line group image (15), and a latent image line group image (16) are used. As described in the embodiment, the base image (9) is an image that the creator intends to appear as a latent image. The saddle-shaped image line group image (15) is image data that is the basis of the saddle-shaped image line group (4) on the latent image print (1). This is the image data that is the basis of the latent image line group (5) on the latent image print (1).

  That is, the original image data is a group of line-shaped image lines (1) on the latent image printed material (1) by means such as printing using a printing plate produced from the line-shaped image line group image (15). The latent image line group on the latent image printed matter (1) can be formed by means such as printing using the printing plate surface produced from the latent image line group image (16). This means that (5) can be formed. Furthermore, in the following description, the same names as various image lines on the latent image printed material (1) are used for image lines in the image data.

  Further, in the following description, for all image data to be handled, two orthogonal coordinate axes are defined in the image, and as shown in FIG. 43, the right axis is the x axis and the upward axis is y Define each axis. At this time, for all the image data to be handled, any position in each image can be expressed using the coordinates composed of the x component and the y component. Shall be used uniformly. Therefore, for example, positions having the same coordinates in different image data are expressed as “same positions”.

  First, in step S11, image data relating to the saddle-shaped line group image (15) is created. More specifically, the processing unit 102 generates, as image data, a hook-shaped line group image (15) including a hook-shaped line group (4) in which a plurality of hook-shaped lines (6) having a predetermined line width are arranged. Alternatively, a saddle-shaped line group image (15) prepared in advance is input from the input unit 101 as image data from the outside, and is stored in the storage unit 103 via the processing unit 102.

  Next, the base image compression information (13) is obtained by generating the base image compression information in step S21 in the processing unit 102 for the saddle-shaped line group image (15) stored in the storage unit 103. In the basic image compression processing step of step S313, the basic image compression information (13) indicates the direction of the basic image (9) when the latent image line group (5) is obtained by compressing the basic image (9). It has information on the compression direction such as whether to compress it. The obtained basic image compression information (13) is stored in the storage unit 103.

  Next, in step S12, the processing unit 102 creates the base image (9) as image data, or inputs it from the input unit 101 as image data created in advance from the outside, and stores the storage unit 103 via the processing unit 102. To store. This step is performed before the latent image line group forming step in step S31.

  In step S31, the processing unit 102 performs latent image line group formation processing using the base image (9), the base image compression information (13), and the reference position (7) stored in the storage unit 103. The image obtained by the latent image line group forming process is an image including the latent image line group (5), and this image is referred to as a latent image line group image (16) as described above. The latent image line group image (16) obtained in this step is stored in the storage unit 103.

  The reference position (7) here is the reference position (7) described in the embodiment. If the reference position (7) is point-like, it is one coordinate point. It can be expressed by the above function or a set of coordinate points. The reference position (7) is arbitrarily determined by the creator of the latent image line. For example, the reference position (7) may be a fixed coordinate point or line determined in advance. Coordinate points or lines that can be uniquely derived from the contents of the saddle-shaped line group image (15) or the base image (9) may be used, such as the center position of 15).

  Finally, in step S41, the latent image line group image (16) stored in the storage unit 103 is given to the output unit 104 via the processing unit 102, and the latent image line group (5) is displayed as a bowl-shaped line. The printing plate surface of the latent image line group (5) necessary for forming on the group (4) or forming the latent image line group (5) on the saddle-shaped line group (4) is output. To do.

  A processing method for obtaining the base image compression information (13) from the saddle-shaped line group image (15) in the base image compression information generation processing step of step S21 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

  In the basic image compression information generation processing step of step S21, the center line extraction of step S211 is performed on the plurality of saddle-shaped image lines (6) constituting the saddle-shaped image line group (4) first stored in the storage unit 103. Through processing, the center line (14) is extracted from each bowl-shaped image line (6) and stored in the storage unit 103.

  Here, the center line (14) of the saddle-shaped image line (6) and the center line extraction processing will be described. The center line (14) of the image line here is obtained by thinning the image line or extracting a set of positions where the distance from the outline of the image line is maximized. It is a line that is created. These processing methods for obtaining the center line (14) are all general image processing techniques. For example, the processing methods are described in detail in the following documents. By performing this processing, for example, the center line (14) shown in FIG. 44 (b) can be extracted from the saddle-shaped line group image (15) shown in FIG. 44 (a).

  Tamura Hideyuki, Computer Image Processing, Ohm Publishing Office, 2002

  Shinichi Murakami, Image Processing Engineering 2nd Edition, Tokyo Denki University Press, 2004

  In the following description, it is assumed that an independent image including a center line (14) composed of black pixels as shown in FIG. 44 (b) is generated, and this image is called a center line image. An independent centerline image is not indispensable as long as information representing the line shape can be retained. For example, the shape information of the center line (14) may be recorded in the saddle-shaped line group image (15), or the shape information of the center line (14) is held as a function at the coordinates determined as described above. You may do it.

  Next, in step S212 re-neighbor centerline position acquisition processing step, re-neighbor center position acquisition which is a set of a plurality of positions (F1, F2,..., Fn (n is an arbitrary natural number)) automatically determined by the processing unit 102 is obtained. For the position (F), the closest position among the center lines (14) stored in the storage unit 103 is obtained by calculation.

  The processing unit 102 can automatically determine each position (F1, F2,..., Fn) of the re-neighbor center position acquisition position (F). However, as shown in FIG. Normally, the center positions of all the pixels in the stored saddle-shaped line group image (15) are set as the re-neighbor center position acquisition position (F). If each position is determined such that the interval is wide like F1, F2,..., Fn ′ (n ′ is an arbitrary natural number smaller than n) shown in FIG. As shown in a), the latent image image in step S31 in the subsequent process is replaced with a reduction in the necessary calculation amount by the processing unit 102 and an improvement in processing speed as compared with the case where F1, F2,. The calculation error of the compression direction and compression rate in the line group forming process becomes large and affects the shape of the finally obtained latent image line group (5).

  In addition, when automatically determining the re-neighbor center position acquisition position (F), it is understood that the compression process is performed in the step S313-based image compression process in the subsequent step S31 latent image line group formation process. By placing F1, F2,..., Fn only in the existing area, useless calculation can be omitted. For example, as will be described later, the line shape of the latent image line (8) in the latent image line group (5) generated by the present production method matches the line shape of the bowl-shaped line (6). , Since it is not necessary to perform compression processing on a position outside the hook-shaped image line (6), as shown in FIG. 46, F1, F2,... Only on the hook-shaped image line (6). , Fn may be determined.

  For each position of F1, F2,..., Fn, the closest positions of the center line (14) are defined as Q1, Q2,. Examples of such F1, F2,..., Fn and Q1, Q2,..., Qn are shown in FIG. At this time, the method for obtaining the positions of Q1, Q2,..., Qn is not particularly limited, but for example, the distance from each position of F1, F2,..., Fn to each pixel constituting the center line (14) is brute force. If all of the above are calculated, it takes a calculation time, but the positions of Q1, Q2,. In addition to the brute force method, Q1, Q2,..., Qn may be obtained mathematically by treating the shape of the center line (14) as a function.

  When there are a plurality of positions on the center line (14) that are closest to Fi (i is a natural number not less than 1 and not more than n), which is one of F1, F2,. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 47B, the processing in the case where there are two positions on the center line (14) that are closest to Fi, ie, Qi ′ and Qi ″, Although not limited, for example, one of Qi ′ and Qi ″ may be selected randomly or by some predetermined method as Qi. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 47B, the position of Qi may be obtained by defining the vector obtained by adding the vector FiQi ″ to the vector FiQi ′ as FiQi. The same applies when there are three or more positions on the center line (14) that are closest to Fi.

  Next, in the basic image compression information conversion processing step of step S213, after calculating vector F1Q1, vector F2Q2, ..., vector FnQn from F1, F2, ..., Fn and Q1, Q2, ..., Qn, F1 and vector F1Q1 are calculated. , F2 and vector F2Q2,..., Fn and vector FnQn are stored in the storage unit 103 in association with each other. At this time, each vector F1Q1, vector F2Q2,..., Vector FnQn is defined as basic image compression information (13).

  The association referred to here is to obtain the vector F1Q1 as the base image compression information (13) when the position of F1 is designated in the step after step S213 and the base image compression information (13) is referred to. .., And Fn, the information is stored in the storage unit 103 in a state where the vector F2Q2,..., Vector FnQn can be obtained as the base image compression information (13) in the same manner. It means to do.

  When the base image compression information (13) is referred to by designating a position that is not any of F1, F2,..., Fn in the step after step S213, F1, F2,. The vector F1Q1, the vector F2Q2,..., The vector FnQn are subjected to interpolation processing in the processing unit 102, and the steps that enable obtaining vector information are the steps from step S213 onward and the latent image of step S31. You may provide before an image line group formation process process. The vector obtained by the interpolation processing in this way is also used as the basic image compression information (13). As the interpolation processing at this time, it is possible to use a general enlargement / reduction processing method of an image as it is, and for example, the nearest neighbor method, the bilinear method, and the bicubic method are generally known. ing.

  For example, after F1 and Q1 are determined in the basic image compression information conversion processing step in step S212, F1 and the vector F1Q1 are associated with each other in the re-neighbor centerline position acquisition processing step in step S213. ) In the storage unit 103, step S213 is not necessarily performed after the complete end of step S212.

  The basic image compression information generation process in step S21 includes the series of steps S211, S212, and S213 described above, and the basic image compression information (13) is obtained by performing these processes.

  The role played by the basic image compression information (13) thus obtained in the production of the print image (3) in the present invention will be described.

  As described above, for the positions F1, F2,..., Fn, the closest positions of the center line (14) are defined as Q1, Q2,..., Qn. , Straight line F2Q2,..., Straight line FnQn are all perpendicular to the center line (14). Therefore, if the direction of the saddle-shaped image line (6) is defined as the same as the direction of the center line (14) obtained from the same-shaped image line (6), the straight line F1Q1, the straight line F2Q2,. Is also orthogonal to the bowl-shaped image line (6).

  Further, the latent image line (8) (non-inverted image line (8A), inverted image line (8B), non-inverted image line set (8A ') and inverted image line set (8B')) generated by this production method. Assuming that the image line shape is determined so as to coincide with the image line shape of the bowl-shaped image line (6), the straight line F1Q1, the straight line F2Q2, ..., the straight line FnQn are all in the direction of the bowl-shaped image line (6), That is, it is orthogonal to the image line direction of the latent image line (8).

  As described in the embodiment, in the present invention, the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) are obtained by partially extracting the base image (9) and the image line direction of the bowl-shaped image line (6). Since it has a structure compressed along the orthogonal direction, the compression orthogonal to the image direction is performed along the same direction as the straight line F1Q1, the straight line F2Q2, ..., the straight line FnQn.

  The format of the base image compression information (13) stored in the storage unit 103 is not limited as long as it includes information equivalent to the straight line F1Q1, the straight line F2Q2,..., The straight line FnQn. The position information of F1, F2,..., Fn and the vector F1Q1, vector F2Q2,..., Vector FnQn are associated with each other and the basic image compression information (13) is stored.

  For the above reason, the basic image compression information (13) is required as information for determining the image compression direction for each position when the printed image (3) is produced in the present invention.

  Next, in the latent image line group forming process in step S31, a method for generating the latent image line group (5) from the basic image compression information (13), the basic image (9), and the reference position (7) will be described. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

  Here, as the image for storing the newly generated latent image line group (5), the number of pixels in the x direction and the number of pixels in the y direction are the same as the saddle-shaped line group image (15). Such a latent image line group image (16) is automatically generated by the processing unit 102 and stored in the storage unit 103. Also, the latent image line group image (16) at the time of generation is assumed to include no image line at all. Here, the description will be made assuming that the color of the image line is black in all the images handled, so the latent image image line group image (16) at the time of generation at this time is composed of only white pixels. Further, description will be made assuming that the coordinate positions of the four corners of the latent image line group image (16) are the same as the coordinate positions of the four corners of the saddle-shaped line group image (15).

  In addition, when the latent image line group forming process in step S31 is performed, it is assumed that the compression coefficient k is input from the outside of the production apparatus by the input unit 101 and stored in the storage unit 103 in advance. However, the compression coefficient k is a positive or negative number and is not 0. More preferably, k is a number other than 0 that is greater than −1 and less than 1.

  In the base image compression position determination processing step in step S311, after obtaining the base image compression information (13) by designating the position where the pixel exists for any pixel constituting the latent image line group image (16). The following determination is performed using the basic image compression information (13) and the reference position (7).

In the following description, the position where the above-described arbitrary pixels constituting the latent image line group image (16) are present is Fi, and the position Qi closest to Fi of the center line (14) is the base image compression information. It shall be obtained from (13). Further, let R be the reference position (7). The xy coordinates of Fi, Qi, and R at this time are expressed as Fi = (X _Pi , Y _Pi ), Qi = (X _Qi , Y _Qi ), and R = (X _R , Y _R ). Note that the reference position (7) R is not changed during the processing in step 311.

  The determination process in step 311 when implementing the first embodiment may simply determine whether the position Fi is in the first area or the second area. . The determination process in step 311 when implementing the second embodiment or the third embodiment will be described in more detail below. In the following description, the reference position (7) is assumed to be point-like, but when the reference position (7) is linear, the distance from the position Fi on the linear reference position (7) is the shortest. Such a position may be R ′, and the position R in the description may be read as the position R ′. In this case, the linear reference position (7) R itself is not changed during the processing in step 311, but the position of the position R ′ changes corresponding to the position Fi.

  In the first embodiment, the latent image line group image (16) is divided into a first area and a second area with the linear reference position (7) as a boundary, and a non-inverted image line is formed in one area. The group (5A) or the reverse image line group (5B) is arranged, and the reverse image line group (5B) or the non-inversion image line group (5A) is arranged in the other region. In the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the center of the image line of the saddle-shaped image line (6) is used as a reference, and the linear or dotted reference position (7) is close to the center of the image line. Only one of the non-inverted image line (8A) or the inverted image line (8B) is arranged on the side, and the other inverted image line (8B) is on the side far from the center of the image line to the reference position (7). Only one of the non-inverted image lines (8A) is arranged.

  The side closer to the reference position (7) from the center of the image line in the second and third embodiments is the distance between the position R and the position Qi as shown in FIG. , A set of positions Fi that are longer than the distance between the position R and the position Fi. Further, the side far from the center of the image line to the reference position (7) is that the distance between the position R and the position Qi is shorter than the distance between the position R and the position Fi as shown in FIG. 49 (b). This is a set of positions Fi, and when this condition is expressed by a mathematical expression, a mathematical expression 2 is obtained. In Equations 1 and 2, the squares of the Euclidean distances are compared instead of comparing the Euclidean distances, but there is no difference in the determination result in either comparison.

(Formula 1)
^{_{(X R -X Qi) 2 +}} (Y R -Y Qi) 2> (X R -X Fi) 2 + (Y R -Y Fi) 2

(Formula 2)
^{_{(X R -X Qi) 2 +}} (Y R -Y Qi) 2 <(X R -X Fi) 2 + (Y R -Y Fi) 2

  Therefore, in the basic image compression position determination processing step in step S311, the condition of either Expression 1 or Expression 2 is used for the position Fi where the above-described arbitrary pixels constituting the latent image line group image (16) are present. Judgment processing of whether it is applicable is performed. The determination result in the case where neither of the expressions 1 and 2 is satisfied, that is, the distance between the position R and the position Qi is equal to the distance between the position R and the position Fi is random or some predetermined value. Depending on the method, processing is performed assuming that one of the formulas 1 and 2 is satisfied.

  Note that it is not always necessary to use Equations 1 and 2 for the determination of the distance, and another approximate determination equation may be used for reasons such as an increase in the determination speed. As an example of such an approximate determination formula, there is a method of determining whether the interior angle of the vertex Fi is an acute angle or an obtuse angle in the triangle formed by the position R, the position Fi, and the position Qi.

  When the condition of Formula 1 is satisfied, the inner angle of Fi is an obtuse angle as shown in FIG. 49 (a) in almost cases, and when the condition of Formula 2 is satisfied, as shown in FIG. 49 (b) in most cases. In addition, the inner angle of Fi is an acute angle. More generally, the case mentioned here is a case where the distance between the position R and the position Fi is sufficiently larger than the distance between the position Fi and the position Qi. The position R is a fixed point in step S311, and the position Fi is an arbitrary position, whereas the position Qi is defined as the position closest to the position Fi in the center line (14). Except for a partial region that is in the vicinity of R, a reasonable determination result can be obtained by this approximate determination. In this approximate determination, Formula 3 and Formula 4 using the inner product of the vector FiR and the vector FiQi may be used instead of Formula 1 and Formula 2, respectively.

(Formula 3)
(X _R −X _Fi ) × (X _Qi −X _Fi ) + (Y _R −Y _Fi ) × (Y _Qi −Y _Fi ) <0

(Formula 4
(X _R −X _Fi ) × (X _Qi −X _Fi ) + (Y _R −Y _Fi ) × (Y _Qi −Y _Fi )> 0

  Further, although the squares of the Euclidean distance are compared with each other in the mathematical expressions 1 and 2, the distance used for the comparison is not necessarily the Euclidean distance as long as the mathematical definition of the distance is satisfied. For example, when the distance is compared using the Manhattan distance, the expressions used for the determination are Expression 5 and Expression 6.

(Formula 5)
_{| X R -X Qi | + |} Y R -Y Qi |> | X R -X Fi | + | Y R -Y Fi |

(Formula 6)
_{| X R -X Qi | + |} Y R -Y Qi | <| X R -X Fi | + | Y R -Y Fi |

  Next, in the used compression coefficient selection processing step in step S312, one of compression coefficient k or a value -k obtained by multiplying the compression coefficient by -1 in accordance with the determination result in the base image compression position determination processing step in step S311. Select. The compression coefficient selected here is called a selected compression coefficient.

  Specifically, if the first embodiment is implemented, k is selected as the selection compression coefficient for the position determined to be in the first area, and the position in the second area is selected. -K is selected as the selected compression coefficient for the position determined as. Alternatively, -k is selected as the selection coefficient for the position determined to be in the first area, and k is selected as the selection compression coefficient for the position determined to be in the second area. If the second embodiment or the third embodiment is implemented, k is selected as the selection compression coefficient for the position determined to be close to the reference position (7) from the center of the image line, For a position determined to be far from the center of the image line to the reference position (7), -k is selected as the selection compression coefficient. Alternatively, for a position determined to be close to the reference position (7) from the center of the image line, -k is selected as the selection compression coefficient, and for a position determined to be far from the image center to the reference position (7). In this case, k is selected as the selected compression coefficient. The compression coefficient selection rule corresponding to the determination result of step S311 may be any of those described above, but the selection rule is not changed during the process of step S312.

  In the base image compression process in step S313, for any pixel constituting the latent image line group image (16), a base image obtained by designating the position where the pixel exists and the position where the pixel exists are specified. The reference position is calculated by performing the calculation as described later using the compression information (13) and the selected compression coefficient k or -k selected in the used compression coefficient selection processing step in step S312 for the position where the pixel exists. Get.

  Next, the color information of the above-mentioned pixels constituting the latent image line group image (16) is overwritten with the color information of the pixels at the above-mentioned reference position in the base image (9). However, the color information referred to here is numerical information representing brightness and / or color of a pixel in a general digital image, and generally, red, green, blue represented by numerical values of 0 to 255. Or information composed of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black components.

  If the pixel of the base image (9) does not exist at the reference position described above, that is, if the reference position is outside the range of the base image (9), the processing method is not particularly limited. In this case, it is desirable to perform processing by regarding the color information of the base image (9) at the reference position as white that is a non-image color.

  The above-described processing in the basic image compression processing step in step S313 is performed on all the pixels existing in the position in the latent image line (8) among the pixels constituting the latent image line group image (16). Thus, the latent image line group (5) is formed in the latent image line group image (16). The shape of the latent image line (8) (non-inverted image line (8A), inverted image line (8B), non-inverted image line set (8A ') and inverted image line set (8B')) is input in step S11. The line shape of the hook-shaped image line (6) in the mask-shaped image line group image (15) may be used as the shape of the latent image line (8) as it is, or the input unit 101 in advance outside the production apparatus. You may enter from.

  For an arbitrary pixel constituting the latent image line group image (16), the position where the pixel exists is Fi, the basic image compression information (13) obtained by designating the position Fi is a vector FiQi, and the pixel is When the selected compression coefficient selected in the used compression coefficient selection processing step in step S312 with respect to the existing position is set to k or −k, the calculation is performed from the position Fi, the vector FiQi, and the selected compression coefficient k or −k. A method for obtaining the reference position Fi ′ will be described.

  First, the case where k is selected as the selected compression coefficient at the position Fi in the used compression coefficient selection processing step in step S312 will be described.

  At this time, the reference position Fi ′ to be obtained by calculation is represented by the following equation using the vector QFiFi ′, the vector QFiFi, and the selected compression coefficient k. However, the vector QFi is a vector directed from the position Qi to the position Fi, and is a vector obtained by reversing the vector FiQi. Mathematically, the vector QFi is obtained by multiplying the vector FiQi by -1.

  The so-called relationship of k × (vector QFi ′) = vector QiFi = − (vector FiQi) is established.

  The equal sign on the left side of the previous expression indicates that the vector QiFi is equal to a vector obtained by compressing or extending the vector QiFi 'by k times. When k is a number other than 0 and larger than −1 and smaller than 1, the vector QiFi is a vector obtained by compressing the vector QiFi ′ by k times. FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating an example of a correspondence relationship between the vector QFiFi and the vector QFiFi, and an example in which k is greater than 0 with respect to the center line (14) having the same shape and Fi and Qi at the same position. FIG. 50A shows an example where k is smaller than 0. FIG.

  At this time, since the straight line FiQi is orthogonal to the direction of the center line (14) as described above, when k is larger than 0, as illustrated in FIG. When compression is performed k times in the direction orthogonal to the center line (14) with the center line (14) as the center, the pixel at the position Fi ′ before compression has moved to the position Fi after compression. If k is smaller than 0, as illustrated in FIG. 50B, an arbitrary image is mirror-inverted with respect to the center line (14) to form a mirror image. When the pixel is compressed in the direction orthogonal to the center line (14) by -k times around (14), the pixel at the position Fi ′ before the mirror inversion and compression is moved to the position Fi after the mirror inversion and compression. Has moved.

  Therefore, by performing the process of overwriting the color information of the pixel at the position Fi in the latent image line group image (16) with the color information of the pixel at the reference position Fi ′ in the base image (9), k becomes When the value is larger than 0, the same effect as that obtained when the base image (9) is compressed and stored in the latent image line group image (16) can be obtained. The same effect as that obtained by subjecting the base image (9) to the above mirror inversion and compression processing and storing it in the latent image line group image (16) can be obtained. Further, by performing the above processing with the position of each pixel as the position Fi for all pixels existing in the position in the latent image line (8) in the latent image line group image (16), the latent image line is displayed. A latent image line group (5) is formed in the group image (16).

  Next, a case where -k is selected as the selected compression coefficient at the position Fi in the used compression coefficient selection processing step in step S312 will be described. In this case, the selection is made in comparison with the case where k is selected as the selected compression coefficient. Since only the sign of the compression coefficient has changed, the same argument holds as above.

  As a result, when k is smaller than 0, the same effect as that obtained by performing the above-described compression processing on the base image (9) and storing it in the latent image line group image (16) is obtained. When it is larger than 0, the same effect as that obtained by subjecting the base image (9) to the mirror inversion and compression processing and storing it in the latent image line group image (16) can be obtained. That is, when k is selected as the selected compression coefficient and when -k is selected, only the compression process is performed on one side, and the mirror inversion process and the compression process are performed on the other side.

  By carrying out the above-described steps S311 to S313, when the first embodiment is carried out, the latent image line group image (16) in which the linear reference position (7) is divided as a boundary is used. In one of the first area and the second area, an image line corresponding to only one of the non-inverted image line group (5A) and the inverted image line group (5B) is formed. In the other region, an image line corresponding to the other inversion image line group (5B) or the non-inversion image line group (5A) is formed. When the second embodiment or the third embodiment is carried out, the center of the image line of each saddle-shaped image line (6) is used as a reference and is close to the reference position (7). An image corresponding to only one of the non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) is formed on the side, and the other inverted image line is formed on the side far from the center of the image line to the reference position (7). An image corresponding to only one of (8B) and the non-inverted image line (8A) is formed.

  When the reduction ratio of the non-inverted image line (8A) is different from that of the inverted image line (8B), one of k or -k is selected as the selected compression coefficient in the used compression coefficient selection processing step in step S312. Instead, either k1 or k2 is selected as the selected compression coefficient. However, in this case, both k1 and k2 must be input from the outside of the manufacturing apparatus in advance by the input unit 101 and stored in the storage unit 103, and one of k1 and k2 is a positive number and the other is a negative number. Need to be a number. More preferably, both k1 and k2 are numbers whose absolute value is smaller than 1.

  In addition, as described in the embodiment, the values of the reduction ratio of the non-inversion image line (8A) and the reduction ratio of the inversion image line (8B) are set according to the distance from the reference position (7). Is selected when k or -k is selected as the selected compression coefficient at an arbitrary position Fi in the step S312 used compression coefficient selection processing step, and k1 is selected when either k1 or k2 is selected. And k2 are corrected according to the distance from the reference position (7), and then set as the selected compression coefficient. However, in the correction, the positive / negative of the value before correction and the positive / negative of the value after correction must match.

  At this time, if k3 and k4 are values obtained by adding k and −k or k1 and k2 according to the distance from the reference position (7), respectively, a positive value of k3 and k4. Is the reduction ratio of the non-inverted image line (8A), and the absolute value of the negative value of k3 and k4 is the value of the reduction ratio of the inverted image line (8B). Desirable conditions regarding the reduction ratio of the non-inversion image line (8A) and the reduction ratio of the inversion image line (8B) are as described in the embodiment.

  Finally, in the latent image line group output processing step of step S41, the output unit (104) outputs the latent image line group image (16) including the latent image line group (5).

  By performing the above steps, a latent image line group image (15) including the latent image line group (5) is obtained.

  Examples of the latent image printed matter (1) produced specifically will be described in detail below according to the mode for carrying out the invention described above, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  This will be described with reference to the drawings used in the first embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a latent image print (1) of the present invention. The latent image printed material (1) includes a gray printed image (3) on the substrate (2). As the substrate (2), general white coated paper (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.) was used. The printed image (3) is composed of colors that are visible in gray under diffuse reflected light.

  FIG. 2 shows an outline of the configuration of the print image (3). The print image (3) was formed by superimposing the saddle-shaped image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5). The laminated structure of the print image (3) was a structure in which the latent image line group (5) overlapped with the saddle-shaped line group (4). The base image (9) was a chromatic pattern.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the saddle-shaped image line group was constituted by a plurality of saddle-shaped image lines (6) of respective straight lines. About this shape, since it is the same as 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted. The line width was 0.30 mm, and the line pitch was 0.4 mm.

  The wrinkled image line group (4) having the above-described configuration was printed on the substrate (2) by screen printing using the UV drying type screen ink shown in Table 1. The ink shown in Table 1 is an ink having excellent light and dark flip-flop properties that appears gray as the color of the color pigment under diffuse reflected light and appears white with increased brightness under regular reflected light. The raised height of the scissors-like line (6) formed by this ink was about 15 μm.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the latent image line group (5) is paired with each of the saddle-shaped line lines (6), and the linear non-inverted image line group (5A) and the reverse image line group (5B). Consists of. Since this shape and the manufacturing method are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted. The non-inverted image line (8A) and the inverted image line (8B) had the same reduction ratio of 0.08, the latent image image line width was 0.38 mm, and the image line pitch was 0.4 mm.

  The latent image line group (1) having the above-described configuration is formed by a wet offset printing method using a transparent mat ink (made by Matt Medium T & K TOKA), and a pair of saddle-shaped line lines (6) and non-inverted line lines ( The latent image printed matter (1) was formed by superimposing the saddle-like image line group (4) and the latent image line group (5) so that the image line centers of 8A) and the reverse image line (8B) completely overlap. .

  The effect of the latent image printed material (1) of the present invention produced by the above procedure will be described. FIG. 11 shows the effect of the present invention. Under diffuse reflected light where no strong light is incident on the printed image (1), the base image (9), which is a latent image, is invisible, and only the printed image (3) is visible in gray (not shown). ). Under one specularly reflected light, the base image (9) appeared in gray while the entire printed image (3) emitted white reflected light.

  As shown in FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C, the base image (3) in the print image (3) is observed by changing the inclination of the latent image print (1) with respect to the incident light. The shape of 9) changed, and the base image (9) appeared to expand around the reference position (7). It was confirmed that the latent image print (1) produced as described above had a desired effect.

1, 1 ′, 1 ″ latent image printed matter 2, 2 ′, 2 ″ base material 3, 3 ′, 3 ″ printed image 4, 4 ′, 4 ″ saddle-shaped line group 5, 5 ′, 5 '' Latent image line group 5A, 5A ', 5A "Non-inverted image line group 5A-1' First non-inverted image line group 5A-2 'First inverted image line group 5B, 5B', 5B ''Inverted image line group 5B-1' Second inverted image line group 5B-2 'Second non-inverted image line group 6, 6'6 "Spider-like image line 7, 7'7''Reference position 8, 8 ′, 8 ″ latent image line 8A, 8A ″ non-inverted image line 8A ′ non-inverted image line set 8A-1 ′ first non-inverted image line 8A-2 ′ first inverted image line 8B, 8B '' Inverted image line 8B 'Inverted image line set 8B-1' Second inverted image line 8B-2 'Second non-inverted image lines 9, 9', 9 '' Base image 10, 10 'Frames 11, 11 ', 11''light source 12, 12', 12 ''observer's viewpoint 13 base image compression information 14 center line 15 saddle-shaped line group image 16 latent image line Image

Claims (6)

Provide a printed image on at least a part of the substrate,
The printed image has at least one of light and dark flip-flop characteristics and color flip-flop characteristics, and the above-described printed image group has a plurality of ridge-like image lines arranged with bulges. The latent image line group having a color different from the color of the bowl-shaped line group is laminated,
The latent image line group is divided into a non-inverted image line group and an inverted image line group around a reference position,
The non-inverted image line group is formed by arranging a plurality of non-inverted image lines obtained by compressing an in-frame image obtained by dividing a base image at a predetermined reduction ratio,
The reverse image line group is formed by arranging a plurality of reverse image lines obtained by mirror-inversion of an in-frame image obtained by dividing the base image and compressing the image at the predetermined reduction ratio,
When the substrate is observed under specular reflection light, the base image appears as a latent image, and when the angle is changed from the observation angle, the latent image is enlarged or reduced around the reference position. Latent image printed matter characterized by being visible. The latent image printed matter according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined reduction ratio is different for each latent image line. The latent image printed matter according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined reduction ratio decreases as the latent image line moves away from the reference position. Provide a printed image on at least a part of the substrate,
The printed image has at least one of light and dark flip-flop characteristics and color flip-flop characteristics, and the above-described printed image group has a plurality of ridge-like image lines arranged with bulges. The latent image line group having a color different from the color of the bowl-shaped line group is laminated,
The latent image line group is divided into a non-inverted image line group and an inverted image line group around a reference position,
The non-inverted image line group includes a non-inverted image line obtained by compressing an intra-frame image obtained by dividing a base image at a predetermined reduction ratio, and a mirror inversion of the intra-frame image obtained by dividing the base image at the predetermined reduction ratio. A plurality of first latent image line sets composed of compressed reverse lines are arranged,
The reverse image line group includes the reverse image line obtained by mirror-inverting the in-frame image obtained by dividing the base image and compressing the image at the predetermined reduction rate, and the intra-frame image obtained by dividing the base image by the predetermined reduction rate. A plurality of second latent image line sets composed of the non-inverted image lines compressed in step 1,
When the substrate is observed under specular reflection light, the base image appears as a latent image, and when the angle is changed from the observation angle, the latent image is enlarged or reduced around the reference position. Latent image printed matter characterized by being visible. The latent image printed matter according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined reduction ratio is different for each latent image line. The latent image printed matter according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined reduction ratio decreases as the latent image line moves away from the reference position.

Images