JP2016205115A - Tile and tiling structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tile having a large dimensional tolerance but easy-to-align and easy to position when attaching the same.SOLUTION: The tile has a polygonal shape, preferably, a generally rectangular shape in a front view. Each side has an irregular edge in which irregular unevenness is continuously formed, and at least at two points on the sides, the tile has contact parts as a reference for positioning. At least one of the two contact parts is positioned on a first straight line, and the other contact part is positioned on a second straight line which crosses the first straight line at a constant angle.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an irregular-edge tile that can be easily aligned and a structure for attaching the tile.

  When arranging and fixing a plurality of tiles on a building base material, joint gaps may be formed at regular intervals between the tiles. In order to perform construction well on the joints, a method that devises the tile shape so that the prescribed joint spacing can be formed, and a method that makes the irregularity inconspicuous even if there is a slight deviation in the tile arrangement are proposed. .

  For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-177210) describes a tile in which convex portions for forming joint intervals are provided on each side so that tile construction with good joints is possible. . The joint spacing can be made uniform by abutting this convex part on the side (wood end face) of the adjacent tile. The convex portion is provided near the tile rear surface of the end surface of the tile, and the tile side on the front side is a straight line. Therefore, by embedding the joint material in the joint, the convex portion is buried in the joint material, and as a result, a linear joint can be obtained.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-364152 describes a tile panel in which a plurality of tiles are attached with joints having a predetermined width. Each tile is formed so as to have a chamfered portion and a recessed portion on its side surface. Even if the joint positions of two tile panels adjacent to each other are misaligned due to errors in the manufacturing dimensions of the tile panels or mounting positions, the misalignment of the joints is made inconspicuous by the chamfered portion and the recessed portion Can do.

JP-A-8-177210 JP 2002-364152 A

  Large tiles are sometimes used to improve the efficiency of tile installation. In general, the dimensional error increases as the tile size increases. In order to obtain a tiled structure with good joints, it is desirable to align the dimensions of the tiles. Therefore, when large tiles are used, there is a high possibility that nonstandard products will be generated. Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a tile capable of arranging tiles in a well-aligned manner while allowing a large dimensional error, and further capable of easily aligning at the time of construction and a tensioning structure thereof. To do.

  The tile according to the first aspect of the present invention is a tile having a substantially square shape when viewed from the front, and each of the four sides is an irregular edge in which irregular irregularities are continuous, and each of two sides adjacent to each other. An abutting portion serving as a base point for alignment is provided at a predetermined position on the side.

  The tile according to the second aspect of the present invention is a tile having a polygonal shape when viewed from the front, and each side is an irregular edge in which irregular irregularities are continuous, and at least two positions of the side. An abutting portion serving as a starting point of the alignment, one of the at least two abutting portions is on the first straight line, and the other abutting portion is constant with the first straight line. It lies on a second straight line that intersects at an angle.

  In addition, the tile pasting structure of the present invention is such that a plurality of tiles according to the present invention are pasted on a plane at a predetermined interval.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if a dimensional tolerance is large, it can provide a tile with good joints and easy alignment in the pasting.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an embodiment of a substantially square tile according to the present invention. In the figure, 11 is an abutting portion and 12 is an irregular edge. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a substantially square tile according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which affixed several substantially square tiles by this invention in the desired place. It is a tile according to the present invention, and is an explanatory view of a shape regarded as a substantially square shape. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which affixed several substantially hexagonal tiles by this invention in the desired place. FIG. 4 represents a polygon tile according to the invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each drawing, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  The tile according to the invention is polygonal. And according to the 1st aspect of this invention, the tile whose front view shape is a substantially square is provided. The substantially square tile according to the first aspect will be first described below.

<Tile>
FIG. 1 is a front view of a tile according to the first aspect of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view thereof. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state where a plurality of substantially square tiles according to the present invention are placed adjacent to each other, that is, a state where the tiles are pasted to a desired place. In the figure, a tile 10 according to the present invention is a tile having a substantially square shape when viewed from the front, and each side of the four sides is an irregular edge 12 in which irregular irregularities are continuous, and each of two sides adjacent to each other. A contact portion 11 serving as a base point for alignment is provided at a predetermined position on the side.

  Here, “substantially square” means that the shape formed by the four tangents to which each side of the tile abuts is a square such as a square or a rectangle, and the shape or corner where the corner of the tile is missing is rounded. It includes a striped shape, a shape in which the tile sides are non-linear, and a shape in which they are combined. For example, even the tiles shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B are substantially square. In this figure, the side is represented by a straight line for the sake of convenience, but this is an irregular edge composed of an irregular curve. As one aspect of the present invention, when the length of the short side sandwiched between the two long sides is L1, and the length of the long side is L2, the short side where L1 / L2 <0.5 is the side. It can be considered that a square is formed only by the long side without counting.

  The tile of the present invention is preferably made of ceramic. The size is preferably 5 cm to 30 cm in the short side, 10 cm to 60 cm in the long side, and 3 mm to 20 mm in thickness. Since the long side is a large tile compared to a mosaic tile having a length of less than 10 cm, the tile attaching operation can be performed efficiently.

(Irregular edge)
The tile 10 according to the present invention is an irregular edge in which each side is irregularly uneven. By forming the sides in a non-straight line, even if the dimensional tolerance of the tile is large, a sense of incongruity is not given according to the joint. In particular, in the case of a large tile, the yield of the conventional tile having a straight side may be lowered in order to keep the length of the side within a predetermined range. However, in the present invention, the yield is not lowered even for a large tile.

  The unevenness of the side when the tile is viewed from the front is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less. By setting the height difference in the range of 20% or more and 60% or less of the tile gap for forming the joint, that is, the minimum width between the tiles, it is preferable because a good joint can be obtained.

  It is preferable that the unevenness is irregularly formed on each side, and two opposing sides are non-parallel in one tile. According to such an aspect, the joint formed when a plurality of one type of tiles are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval is not a parallel curve, and the joint width becomes irregular, resulting in a dimensional tolerance of the tile. Even if it is large, there is no sense of incongruity.

  According to a more preferable aspect of the present invention, when two tiles are juxtaposed, the two opposite sides are non-parallel. Joints formed when different types of tiles (for example, different colors and different long side lengths) are juxtaposed are not parallel curves, the joint width becomes irregular, and as a result, even if the dimensional tolerance of the tiles is large There is no sense of incongruity along the joint

(Contact part)
The tile 10 according to the present invention includes an abutting portion 11 serving as a base point for alignment at a predetermined position on each of two adjacent sides. The abutting part 11 is a part of irregularities forming an irregular edge, and is a part protruding from the vicinity so as to be able to abut against a straight ruler, and is preferably the most of the tile sides. It is a protruding part. By providing the contact portion 11, it is possible to facilitate the alignment work at the time of pasting.

  There may be one contact portion 11 on one side, but a plurality of contact portions 11 are preferable. Since there are a plurality of contact portions 11 on one side, the side can be supported at two or more points. Therefore, positioning becomes easy and workability at the time of tile attachment improves.

  When there are a plurality of contact portions 11 on one side, it is preferable that at least two contact portions exist apart from the center of the side. By doing in this way, since a fulcrum is not unevenly distributed, positioning can be performed stably. Therefore, the workability at the time of tile attachment is further improved.

  In the tile of FIG. 1, two contact portions 11 are provided in the vicinity of the end of one side. Further, the contact portion 11 has a predetermined width. In the present invention, when there is one contact portion on one side, it is preferable that the contact portion 11 has a predetermined width in order to facilitate the alignment operation. When there are a plurality of contact portions 11 on one side, the contact portions may be dots.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a state where the tile shown in FIG. 1 is pasted. The tile (1) in FIG. 1 is placed so that the contact portion 11 is on the straight lines A1 and B1 serving as the reference. In the drawing, the portions where the straight lines A1 and B1 are in contact with the contact portion 11 are indicated by white circles. In actual pasting work, a ruler is used as the reference straight lines A1 and B1. It is preferable to use a right angle ruler because the straight lines A1 and B1 can be formed simultaneously. After the tile (1) is pasted, the tile (2) is pasted based on the straight line B2 different from the straight line B1, while keeping the straight line A1 as a reference. At that time, the tile is placed so that the contact portion 11 is in contact with the straight lines A1 and B2. Further, the tile (3) uses the straight line A2 different from the case of the tiles (1) and (2) as a new reference, and puts the contact portion 11 on this, and the tile (4) changes the straight line B1 to the straight line B2. And paste it on the basis of this. As described above, the tile according to the present invention can be easily aligned at the time of pasting, and even if the dimensional tolerance of the tile is large, the joint is good. In the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of straight lines serving as a reference for pasting, that is, straight lines A1 and A2 and straight lines B1 and B2 in FIG. If it is also desired to apply a straight line having a non-parallel relationship as a reference, it is possible.

  In the tile according to the present invention, the shape of the side provided with the contact portion, that is, the two sides other than the side along the straight line A1 or 2 and B1 or 2, is not particularly limited as long as it is an irregular edge. However, from the viewpoint of workability, it is preferable that these two sides also include the contact portion 11. This is because it can be applied regardless of the directionality of the tile, and the joints are also good.

(Wood edge)
In the tile according to the present invention, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the end portion is linear, and the end face of the tree is perpendicular to the back surface, or the angle between the back surface and the back surface is 70 ° or more and less than 90 °. It is preferable. More preferably, the angle formed by the tree end surface and the back surface is 80 ° or more and less than 90 °. By doing in this way, the deep joint which does not need joint filling can be formed.

  Furthermore, the tile according to the present invention may be chamfered on the front side and / or the back side of the wood end face. The chamfering may form a flat surface or a curved surface. Further, all sides may be chamfered or partially chamfered.

(Back side shape)
The tile according to the present invention is preferably provided with a back foot or a groove on the back surface to enhance the adhesiveness with the adhesive. The back foot height or groove depth is preferably 60% or less of the thickness of the adhesive layer. For example, when an organic elastic adhesive is used, the suitable back foot height or groove depth is 0. .1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

<Polygonal tile>
As described above, the substantially square tile has been described, but according to the second aspect of the present invention, a polygonal tile including the substantially square tile is provided. The polygonal tile including the square according to the second aspect of the present invention is an irregular edge in which irregular irregularities are continuously formed on each side, and is a starting point for alignment at least at two places on the side. A contact portion, and one of the at least two contact portions is on the first straight line, and the other contact portion intersects the first straight line at a certain angle. 2 on a straight line. The substantially square tile will be described as follows along the second aspect.

  The tile according to this aspect includes at least two abutting portions, one of which is on the first straight line, and in the tile (1) shown in FIG. 3, the abutting portion 11 on the straight line A1. is there. The other abutment portion 11 is on the first straight line, ie, the second straight line B1 that intersects the straight line A1 in the drawing, and in the tile (1) of FIG. 3, the straight line B1 that intersects the straight line A1. It further includes an abutting portion 11 on the top. As already described, the tiles of this aspect can be pasted using the straight lines A1 and 2 and B1 and 2 as the reference for alignment, and are easy to align, and even if the dimensional tolerance of the tile is large, the tiles are still right. Will be good. Even in this aspect, it is preferable that there are a plurality of contact portions on each of the first straight line and the second straight line. Since there are a plurality of contact portions on each of the first and second straight lines, the tile can be supported at two or more points. Therefore, positioning becomes easy and workability at the time of tile attachment improves.

  When there are a plurality of contact portions on the first and second straight lines, it is preferable that at least two contact portions exist apart from each other. By doing in this way, since a fulcrum is not unevenly distributed, positioning can be performed stably. Therefore, the workability at the time of tile attachment is further improved.

  The tile of FIG. 3 is an aspect in which the first straight line and the second straight line are orthogonal to each other, but the first straight line and the second straight line may intersect at an angle other than the orthogonal. In this embodiment, the tile can take a shape other than a square. Hereinafter, polygon tiles other than the square according to the second aspect of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a tile according to the second aspect of the present invention, which is a substantially hexagonal tile. The tile (1) in FIG. 5 has at least two of the contact part 11 on the straight line A1 and the contact part 11 on the straight line B1, and is common at the intersection of the straight lines A1 and B1. It is a tile having a shape having a contact portion. In the drawing, the portions where the straight lines A1 and B1 are in contact with the contact portion 11 are indicated by white circles. The tile (1) is placed so that the contact portion 11 is on the straight lines A1 and B1 serving as a reference. In actual pasting work, a ruler is used as the reference straight lines A1 and B1. After the tile (1) is pasted, the tile (2) is pasted with the contact portions 11 being aligned with the straight lines A2 and B2. As described above, the tile according to the present invention is attached on the basis of two straight lines. Similarly, the tile (3) is pasted on the basis of the straight lines A3 and B3. By repeating this, a large number of tiles can be pasted, positioning at the time of pasting is easy, and even if the dimensional tolerance of the tiles is large, the joint is good.

  Even in the second aspect of the present invention, each side other than the side provided with the contact portion is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies an irregular edge formed by irregular irregularities, and the shape of the tile is not limited. You can decide freely. From the viewpoint of workability, the figure is preferably point-symmetric or line-symmetric. For example, the tile in FIG. 5 is a hexagon that is a point-symmetric or line-symmetric figure. It is because it can be constructed regardless of the directionality of the tile when pasting because it is symmetrical, and the joint is also good.

  On the other hand, the tile according to the second aspect of the present invention may have various and complicated shapes. That is, the tile shape is provided with a contact portion that is a starting point of alignment at least at two places on the side, and one of the at least two contact portions is on the first straight line, and For example, one abutting portion can take a tile shape as shown in FIG. 6 as long as it satisfies the condition that it is on a second straight line that intersects the first straight line at a constant angle. FIG. 6A shows a tile having contact portions (indicated by dots) on two orthogonal straight lines, and FIG. 6B shows a state where two such tiles are attached. FIG. 6C also shows a tile having contact portions (indicated by dots) on two orthogonal straight lines, and FIG. 6D is a diagram showing a state in which two tiles are attached. The tiles shown in FIG. 6 are not symmetrical. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a tile having a free shape, which can be easily aligned when pasted, and has a good joint even when the dimensional tolerance of the tile is large.

<Tile manufacturing method>
Although the manufacturing method of the tile of this invention is not specifically limited, It is preferable to shape | mold by the press molding method. The tile of the present invention has a non-linear side, but if it is a press molding method, the tile of the present invention is manufactured in the same process as the conventional tile without providing a cutting process or the like for making the shape. be able to.

<Glue layer>
The tile of the present invention may be provided with a glaze layer on the surface. By providing the glaze layer, design options can be expanded and high-value-added tiles can be provided. As the glaze, glazes used for ordinary glazed tiles can be used.

<Functional surface>
In the tile of the present invention, antibacterial and antiviral processing can be applied to the surface thereof. The antibacterial / antiviral processing includes a photocatalyst processing that forms a photocatalyst-containing layer on the surface, and at least one selected from the group consisting of a copper compound, a silver compound, and a commercially available silver antibacterial agent. Processing added to the layer can be employed. Antibacterial and antiviral processing is preferable because it can suppress the generation of soils and odors caused by microorganisms. Moreover, the surface layer containing hydrophilic substances, such as a silica, or a photocatalyst can be formed, and the self-cleaning property and easy water washing property by rain can be provided.

<Tiled structure>
The tile attaching structure of the present invention is a structure in which a plurality of tiles according to the present invention are attached to a flat surface while abutting portions serving as base points for alignment are brought into contact with a reference straight line.

  In the tiled structure of the present invention, the flat surface is a wall surface, a floor surface, the surface of a panel forming these surfaces, or a surface on which a level surface is formed with putty, mortar, or the like.

(adhesive)
Adhesive is used to attach the tile. In the tiled structure of the present invention, an inorganic adhesive such as mortar or an organic adhesive described later can be used as the adhesive, but an organic adhesive is preferable, and an organic elastic adhesive is used. More preferably. By using an organic adhesive, it is possible to form deep joints without filling joints, and to provide a tiled structure with excellent design.

  For organic adhesives, acrylic, epoxy, urethane, acrylic silicone, and epoxy silicone adhesives can be used singly or in combination. Calcium carbonate, silica, magnesium carbonate, calcium oxide as required , Magnesium oxide, glass balloon, diatomaceous earth, mullite, kaolin, talc, clay, mica, bentonite, fly ash, aluminum silicate, zinc oxide and other inorganic fillers and titania, carbon and other inorganic pigments are suitable. Available.

(Joint division)
The tile tensioning structure of the present invention can adopt various joint layouts, but forming a row of joints by aligning the sides of a plurality of tiles, so-called through joints form a good joint, preferable.

(Paste method)
In the method of attaching the tile of the present invention, it is preferable to use a ruler to align the position by abutting the contact portion of the tile of the present invention on the ruler. The ruler may be a straight line ruler or a right angle ruler, but it is more preferable than the case where the first and second straight lines are orthogonal to each other in the first and second tile modes.

  Another preferred embodiment of the method for attaching tiles of the present invention is characterized by using a frame through which the tile can pass. This frame is formed with a plurality of holes through which tiles pass in accordance with the joint layout of the tiles. In this method, the frame is placed on a surface to which an adhesive is applied, and a tile is attached through a hole in the frame. According to this method, not only can the positioning be performed more reliably by applying the contact portion of the tile to the edge of the hole, but also various joint divisions can be employed.

  10 ... Tile, 11 ... Contact part, 12 ... Irregular edge

Claims (13)

A tile whose front view is a substantially square shape,
Each side of the four sides is an irregular edge consisting of a series of irregular irregularities,
A tile comprising a contact portion serving as a base point for alignment at a predetermined position on each of two adjacent sides.   The tile according to claim 1, wherein two opposing sides in one tile are non-parallel.   The tile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two opposing sides are non-parallel when two tiles are juxtaposed.   The tile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the contact portions are present on one side.   The tile according to claim 4, wherein the contact portion is spaced apart from the center of one side. The front view is a polygonal tile,
Each side is an irregular edge consisting of irregular irregularities.
At least two places on the side are provided with contact portions that serve as starting points for alignment,
One of the at least two abutting portions is on a first straight line, and the other abutting portion is on a second straight line that intersects the first straight line at a certain angle. Characteristic, tile.   The tile according to claim 6, wherein the first straight line and the second straight line are substantially orthogonal to each other.   The tile according to claim 6, wherein the first straight line and the second straight line intersect at an angle other than a right angle.   The tile according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the shape is point symmetric or line symmetric.   A tile attaching structure in which a plurality of tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are attached to a plane at a predetermined interval. The tile according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the abutting portion is aligned and positioned on a first straight line, and is attached.
The tile according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the tiles are aligned and stretched on a straight line parallel to the first straight line, so that a plurality of flat surfaces are formed at predetermined intervals. The tile-attached structure according to claim 10, which is attached.   The tile pasting structure according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the pasting is performed with an organic adhesive. The tile tensioning structure according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the joint formed by separating and arranging two tiles in parallel is not jointed.

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