JP2016198090A - Method for producing feed material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a feed material that effectively utilizes defatted rapeseed and is improved in ADICP.MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM: A method for producing a feed material has the steps of blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean as raw materials and heating the blended raw materials.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed material, and more particularly to a method for producing a feed material having a high lumen bypass rate and good digestibility.

  The defatted soybean has a high protein content and is widely used as a raw material for livestock feed. Due to the recent rise in feed raw materials and feed prices, it is required to use defatted soybeans as feed raw materials more efficiently.

  One way to improve the feed efficiency of defatted soybeans is to optimize the lumen bypass rate. Ruminants such as cows and sheep have four stomachs, and the rumen, called rumen, is neutral and is for digesting feed compositions and grass including feed additives. Microorganisms in the rumen produce volatile fatty acids (VFA) from carbohydrates and fibers in the feed, and re-synthesize bacterial protein from the proteins. The digested product passes through the second stomach having a pump function and the third stomach having a filter function, and is sent to the fourth stomach having a digestive function by secretion of gastric juice. The intestine that follows the stomach absorbs and excretes digested proteins and the like in the same manner as normal mammals.

  Ruminants absorb bacterial proteins obtained by rumen fermentation of feed as nutrients in the intestine. When a large amount of feed containing highly digestible protein is fed, ammonia nitrogen increases and excreted as urea into the urine, so the protein absorbed in the intestine decreases. As a result, feed efficiency is reduced. Therefore, in order to efficiently provide a ruminant with a nutrient, it is necessary to provide a feed containing a nutrient that bypasses the lumen together with the nutrient obtained by rumen fermentation.

  Acid detergent insoluble protein (ADICP) is known as one of proteins that are difficult to be used by rumen microorganisms. The higher the ADICP, the higher the rumen bypass rate (the rate of nutrients reaching the small intestine), and it becomes the nutrients of the cattle themselves, not the rumen microorganisms.

  Patent Document 1 describes heat treatment of feed protein such as defatted soybean flour together with reducing carbohydrates as a method for increasing the rumen bypass rate of feed soybean. It is said that the condensation product of soy protein and reducing sugar decreases the degradability in the rumen, but does not significantly decrease the digestibility in the digestive tract after the rumen.

  On the other hand, since defatted rapeseed has a low protein content, it is not effectively used as a feed material, and a production method is proposed that effectively uses it as a feed material by sieving as in Patent Document 2 to improve the protein content. Has been.

JP-A 63-267239 JP 2008-178328 A

  Thus, attempts have been made to process soybeans and increase the lumen bypass rate, but there is room for improvement in terms of increasing the ADICP content. Moreover, defatted rapeseed has not been effectively used as a feed material. Then, the objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of the feed raw material which utilized effectively defatted rapeseed and improved the ADICP content. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a feed raw material having a high pepsin digestibility and / or trypsin digestibility despite containing defatted rapeseed.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention include a step of blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean as raw materials, and a method of producing a feed raw material, including a step of heating the blended raw materials. It has been found that a feed material having an improved ADICP content can be obtained, and furthermore, it has been found that a feed material having a high pepsin digestibility and / or trypsin digestibility can be obtained despite the inclusion of defatted rapeseed. Completed.

  That is, this invention is a manufacturing method of a feed raw material, Comprising: The said manufacturing method including the process of mix | blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean as a raw material, and the process of heating the said raw material mix | blended.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the defatted rapeseed is 15 to 80% by mass of the raw material.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the mixture of the defatted soybean is 0.5 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the defatted rapeseed.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to add 1-20 mass parts of water with respect to 100 mass parts of the blended raw materials.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the water is added before the step of heating and / or during the step of heating.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the heating of the said process to heat is 80-160 degreeC and 1 minute-12 hours.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the acid detergent insoluble protein content of the feed material is 4.5 to 18% by dry mass.

  Furthermore, the neutral detergent-insoluble protein content of the feed material is preferably 15 to 40% by dry weight.

  It is preferable that the feed material has a lysine content of 1.3 to 2.8% by dry weight.

  Moreover, this invention is a manufacturing method of feed, Comprising the feed raw material obtained by the manufacturing method including the process of mix | blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean as a raw material, and the process of heating the said mix | blended said raw material. It is the said manufacturing method including the process of mix | blending 100 mass%.

  The feed is preferably for ruminants.

  Further, the present invention provides a feed raw material obtained by a production method, comprising the steps of blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean as raw materials and heating the blended raw material, and the defatted soybean with respect to 1 part by mass of the defatted rapeseed. It is a method for improving the pepsin digestibility and / or trypsin digestibility of the feed material, characterized in that the blending amount is 0.5 to 2 parts by mass.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the manufacturing method of the feed raw material which utilized effectively defatted rapeseed and improved the ADICP content can be provided. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a method for producing a feed raw material having a high pepsin digestibility and / or trypsin digestibility despite containing defatted rapeseed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

  In the feed raw material production method of the present invention, defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean are blended as raw materials. The defatted rapeseed and the defatted soybean are not particularly limited, and those obtained by production of edible fats and oils can be used. The fat content of the defatted rapeseed and the defatted soybean is preferably 4% by mass or less, and more preferably 3% by mass or less.

  15-80 mass% is preferable, as for the defatted rapeseed mix | blended as a raw material, 20-70 mass% is more preferable, and 35-65 mass% is further more preferable.

  Moreover, it is preferable that it is 0.5-2 mass parts with respect to 1 mass part of defatted rapeseed, and it is more preferable that it is 0.6-1.8 mass parts. By setting it as a predetermined blending ratio, the NDIPC content can be increased.

  Moreover, 80-100 mass% is preferable and, as for the total amount of the defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean mix | blended as a raw material, 90-100 mass% is more preferable.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, water may be added to the raw material. 1-20 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of said raw materials, 3-18 mass parts is more preferable, and 5-15 mass parts is further more preferable. It can manufacture efficiently by adding a predetermined amount of water. The water may be added before heating or during heating. In the case of heating, water may be added in the form of water vapor.

  The heating temperature in the step of heating the blended raw materials is usually 80 to 160 ° C, preferably 90 to 150 ° C, more preferably 100 to 140 ° C. Moreover, it is preferable to process by a normal pressure without pressurizing.

  Although the time of the said heating is based also on the said heating temperature, it is 1 minute-12 hours normally, Preferably it is 1 minute-8 hours, More preferably, it is 1-5 hours.

  The apparatus used for heating is not particularly limited. Examples of the heating device include a cooker, an oven, and a kiln, and preferably a cooker or an oven. Moreover, the apparatus which can inject | pour water or water vapor | steam during a heating is preferable.

  The feed raw material obtained by the production method of the present invention preferably has an acid detergent insoluble protein (ADACP) that is an index of the rumen bypass rate of 4.5 to 18 dry mass%, and 5.5 to 16 dry mass. %, More preferably 7.5 to 12.5% by dry weight. Thereby, the nutrient of feed raw material bypasses a lumen | rumen and will be consumed as a nutrient of ruminant itself. In addition, dry mass% is content mass% with respect to dry mass, such as a feed raw material.

  ADICP is a rumen bypass protein, about 3% by dry weight for defatted rapeseed, and about 1% by dry weight for defatted soybeans. Since ADICP feels bitter when it is too high, it is preferably 18% by weight or less, more preferably 15% by weight or less, from the balance of rumen bypass properties and flavor.

  Moreover, the neutral detergent insoluble protein (NDIPC) content of the feed raw material obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 15 to 40% by dry weight, more preferably 16 to 35% by dry weight, still more preferably 18 to 30% by dry weight.

  For livestock animals, lysine and methionine are essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the body. Therefore, livestock animals need to take lysine and methionine from feed. The lysine content of the feed material obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferably 1.3 to 2.8% by dry weight, more preferably 1.4 to 2.7% by dry weight, and even more preferably 1 0.6 to 2.6% by dry weight, particularly preferably 1.9 to 2.6% by dry weight.

  The ratio of lysine and methionine (lysine content / methionine content) is preferably 1.9 to 4.0, more preferably 2.1 to 3.9, and even more preferably 2.4 to 3.8. By setting it to a predetermined ratio, livestock animals can properly consume essential amino acids.

  Moreover, in the manufacturing method of this invention, the lysine residual rate (%) by heating is high, for example, is 60 to 90%. In order to increase the residual ratio of lysine and make the ratio of lysine and methionine appropriate, it is preferable to include 0.8 to 1.3 parts by mass of defatted soybeans with respect to 1 part by mass of defatted rapeseed.

  The feed raw material obtained by the production method of the present invention needs to be heated after previously blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean. By doing so, a pepsin digestibility and / or a trypsin digestibility improve especially compared with the case where a defatted rapeseed and a defatted soybean are heated separately, and are mix | blended after that. Improvement of pepsin digestibility and trypsin digestibility contributes to effective use of animal feed materials.

  The pepsin digestibility is preferably 78% or more and 95% or less, more preferably 79% or more and 93% or less, and still more preferably 84% or more and 92% or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the heat treatment is performed so that the ADICP content is 5 to 18% by dry weight and more preferably 8.8 to 17% by dry weight in terms of improving the pepsin digestibility and rumen bypass. It is more preferable that it is 9.0 to 16% by dry weight.

  The trypsin digestibility is preferably 65% or more and 95% or less, more preferably 75% or more and 93% or less, and further preferably 80% or more and 93% or less. Further, from the viewpoint of trypsin digestibility and its improvement, the heat treatment is preferably performed so that the ADICP content is 6.0 to 18% by dry weight, and 6.0 to 16% by dry weight. Is more preferable, and it is further more preferable to set it as 6.3-13 dry mass%.

  This invention also provides the manufacturing method of the feed which mix | blended the feed raw material obtained by the said manufacturing method. The feed raw material is contained in the feed in an amount of 1 to 100% by mass, preferably 1 to 30% by mass. By feeding the ruminant with the feed, the nutrients in the feed raw material are bypassed through the lumen, and the utilization efficiency of the feed is improved. As a result, livestock products can be produced with a smaller amount of feed than before.

  Moreover, you may give the animal the feed raw material obtained by the manufacturing method of this invention as it is. Furthermore, you may give an animal the feed which mix | blended the feed raw material of this invention with the feed raw material well-known in the technical field. Such known feed ingredients include grains such as rice, brown rice, rye, wheat, barley, corn, and milo; brans such as bran and defatted rice bran; corn gluten meal, corn germ meal, corn gluten feed, corn steeper Manufacturing liquors such as liquor; vegetable oils such as soybean oil meal, rapeseed oil meal, candy oil meal, coconut oil meal; oil fats such as soybean oil fat, powdered refined beef fat, animal oil fat; magnesium sulfate, iron sulfate, copper sulfate, Inorganic salts such as zinc sulfate, potassium iodide, cobalt sulfate, calcium carbonate, tricalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, calcium phosphate, choline chloride; amino acids such as lysine and methionine; vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, vitamin D3, vitamin E, calcium pantothenate, nicotinic acid Bromide, vitamins such as folic acid; fish meal, skim milk powder, animal matter as feed dry whey; forage; hay and the like.

  Moreover, although the manufacturing method of the feed of this invention may further include the process of shape | molding, the shape of the said feed is not ask | required in particular. Moreover, you may process the said feed raw material to mix | blend suitably according to the shape of the said feed. Examples of the shape of the feed raw material other than the feed raw material include powder, granule, pellet, briquette, and paste.

  Although the animal which gives the said feed is not ask | required especially, the ruminant which has a lumen is preferable. Specific examples of ruminants include cattle, sheep and goats.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically by showing examples of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

  In the implementation, the following were used.

Non-fat rapeseed (manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd.)
NDICP (dry mass%) 6.8, ADICP (dry mass%) 3.3
Defatted soybean (manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd.)
NDICP (dry mass%) 4.5, ADICP (dry mass%) 1.5

  Moreover, in the case of implementation, it measured with the following method.

Measurement of Acid Detergent Insoluble Protein (ADICP) Content Measurement was performed using a total nitrogen / total carbon measuring device (product name Sumigraph, model number NC-22F, manufactured by Sumika Chemical Analysis Co., Ltd.).

The outline of the ADICP measurement method is as follows.
(1) With reference to the feed analysis method and explanation (issued by the Japan Science Feed Association, 2009 edition), the sample was subjected to acidic detergent treatment.
(2) The protein content was measured for the residue after the acidic detergent treatment.
(3) The ADICP content (dry mass%) was calculated by dividing the mass of the protein contained in the residue after the acidic detergent treatment by the mass before the acidic detergent treatment.

Measurement of Neutral Detergent Insoluble Protein (NDIPP) Content Measurement was performed using a total nitrogen / total carbon analyzer (product name Sumigraph, model number NC-22F, manufactured by Sumika Chemical Analysis Co., Ltd.).

The outline of the NDIP measurement method is as follows.
(1) A neutral detergent treatment was performed on the sample with reference to the feed analysis method and explanation (published by the 2009 Japan Science Feed Association). In addition, α-amylase was added during neutral detergent treatment, and sodium sulfite was not added.
(2) The protein content of the residue after neutral detergent treatment was measured.
(3) The NDICP content (dry mass%) was calculated by dividing the mass of the protein contained in the residue after neutral detergent treatment by the mass before neutral detergent treatment.

Measurement of lysine content The lysine content was measured by a hydrochloric acid decomposition method and an amino acid automatic analysis method (labeled: ninhydrin) which are generally used.

Measurement of methionine content The methionine content was measured by the generally used formic acid oxidation method and amino acid automatic analysis method (labeled: ninhydrin).

[Preparation Example 1]
A feed material was obtained by the following procedure.
(1) 25 g of defatted rapeseed and 25 g of defatted soybeans were put into a beaker having a capacity of 500 mL (the number required for implementation was prepared).
(2) After mixing well, 5 g of water was added and further mixed.
(3) The product was covered with a food wrap film and placed in an oven (product name WINDY OVEN model number WFO-601SD, manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.) (130 ° C.).
(4) The mixture was stirred every hour and heated for 2 to 6 hours.
(5) After the heating, it was air-cooled at room temperature.

  The feed raw material obtained above was analyzed, and the analysis results are shown in Table 1.

The pepsin digestibility was measured as follows.
(1) With reference to feed analysis method and explanation (issued by the Japan Science Feed Association, 2009 edition), the sample was subjected to pepsin treatment and filtered.
(2) The protein content of the residue after pepsin treatment was measured.
(3) The mass of the protein contained in this residue was subtracted from the mass of the protein before pepsin treatment and divided by the mass of the protein before pepsin treatment to calculate the pepsin digestibility (%).

The trypsin digestibility was measured as follows.
(1) Preparation of reagent Tris buffer solution containing 0.2% trypsin: Dissolve 6.05 g of tris (hydroxymethylaminomethane) and 2.94 g of calcium chloride dihydrate in 900 mL of water, and adjust the pH to 8.2. Thereafter, the volume was increased to 1 L. 2 g of trypsin was dissolved therein.
(2) 0.5 g of a sample was accurately weighed into a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask.
(3) To this, 75 mL of 0.2% trypsin-containing Tris buffer preheated to 37 ° C. was added and sealed, and digestion was performed while shaking at 37 ° C. for 16 hours.
(4) After digestion, it was filtered with filter paper, and the protein content was measured for the residue on the filter paper.
(5) The mass of the protein contained in this residue was subtracted from the mass of the protein before trypsin treatment and divided by the mass of the protein before trypsin treatment to calculate the trypsin digestibility (%).

As shown in Table 1, a feed raw material having an ADICP content of 6.6 to 17.8% by dry weight could be prepared by heat-treating a raw material containing 1: 1 of defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean. . Moreover, the NDIP content became 24 dry mass% or more by heating for 3 to 5 hours, and the feed raw material which has more preferable lumen bypass property was obtained.
Moreover, in Example 1-5 whose heating time is 6 hours, it was found that there is a slightly bitter flavor, and that an appropriate heat treatment is necessary for the preparation of a savory feed material.

[Preparation Example 2]
The same procedure as in Example 1-2 was performed except that the defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean used in Example 1-2 were mixed in the amounts shown in Table 2. The obtained feed material was analyzed, and the analysis results are shown in Table 2.

  As shown in Table 2, after mixing defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean in a ratio of 1: 4 to 4: 1, heat treatment is performed to prepare a feed raw material having an ADICP content of 4.9 to 11.9% by dry weight. I was able to. Moreover, the NDICP content is 21.8 to 25.4% by dry mass, and in particular, a feed raw material having a high NDIP content could be obtained by blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean in 2: 3 to 3: 2. .

[Preparation Example 3]
The same procedure as in Example 1-2 was carried out except that the mixture of the defatted rapeseed and the defatted soybean used in Example 1-2 was changed to the amounts shown in Table 3 (Example 3-1 and Comparative Example 3-1). 2). Further, Comparative Example 3-3 was prepared by mixing equal amounts of Comparative Example 3-1 and Comparative Example 3-2. The obtained feed material was analyzed, and the analysis results are shown in Table 3.

  As shown in Table 3, the defatted soybean alone has a low ADICP content of 2.7% by dry weight, and the defatted rapeseed alone has a lysine content and pepsin digestion compared to the mixture of defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean. Rate and trypsin digestibility were low and not enough as feed material. On the other hand, when heat-treated after mixing defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean, the trypsin digestibility is 85.4%, which is larger than the 82.0% when mixed after heating. It has been improved and found to be very effective as a feed ingredient.

[Preparation Example 4]
It was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-4 except that the amount of defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean used in Example 1-4 was changed to the amounts shown in Table 4 (Example 4-1 and Comparative Example 4-1). 2). Moreover, Comparative Example 4-3 in which equal amounts of Comparative Example 4-1 and Comparative Example 4-2 were mixed was prepared. The obtained feed material was analyzed, and the analysis results are shown in Table 4.

As shown in Table 4, the defatted soybean alone has a low ADICP content of 6.2% by dry weight, and the defatted rapeseed alone has a low lysine content, pepsin digestibility, and trypsin digestibility, which is not sufficient as a feed ingredient. There wasn't. On the other hand, when heat-treated after mixing defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean, the ADICP content is 15.8 dry mass%, which is more efficient than 14.7 dry mass% when mixed after heating. The ADICP content could be increased.
Furthermore, the pepsin digestion rate and trypsin digestion rate are 84.5% and 67.8%, respectively, which is larger than that of 78.3% and 50.3% when mixed after heating. As a result, it was found to be very effective as a feed material.

Example 5
Using the feed raw material of Example 1-2, a feed was prepared with the following composition.
19.8% by mass of corn,
10.0% by mass of feed raw material of Example 1-2,
Husma 6.75% by mass,
Corn gluten meal 6.75% by mass,
Alfalfa meal 5.4% by mass,
Mylo 4.5% by mass,
0.765% by weight of calcium carbonate,
0.585% by mass of dilime phosphate,
0.27% by mass of salt,
Vitamin ADE 0.09% by mass,
Trace mineral 0.09% by mass,
Timothy hay 45.0% by mass

Claims (12)

A method for producing feed ingredients,
Blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean as raw materials, and
The said manufacturing method including the process of heating the said mix | blended said raw material.   The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the defatted rapeseed is 15 to 80% by mass of the raw material.   The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the blended amount of the defatted soybean is 0.5 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the defatted rapeseed.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3 which adds 1-20 mass parts of water with respect to 100 mass parts of said raw materials mix | blended.   The production method according to claim 4, wherein the addition of water is before the step of heating and / or during the step of heating.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5 whose heating of the said process to heat is 80-160 degreeC and 1 minute-12 hours.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6 whose acid detergent insoluble protein content of the said feed raw material is 4.5-18 dry mass%.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7 whose neutral detergent insoluble protein content of the said feed raw material is 15-40 dry mass%.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8 whose lysine content of the said feed raw material is 1.3-2.8 dry mass%. A method for producing feed,
The said manufacturing method including the process of mix | blending 1-100 mass% of feed raw materials obtained with the manufacturing method of Claim 1 thru | or 9.   The manufacturing method according to claim 10, wherein the feed is for ruminants.   The feed raw material obtained by the manufacturing method including the process of mix | blending defatted rapeseed and defatted soybean as a raw material, and heating the said raw material mix | blended WHEREIN: The mixing | blending of the said defatted soybean is 0.5 with respect to 1 mass part of said defatted rapeseed. The method for improving the pepsin digestibility and / or trypsin digestibility of the feed material, characterized in that the content is ˜2 parts by mass.