JP2016196808A - Waterproof construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waterproof construction easy in quality control, capable of suppressing an increase in construction costs, and having high external heat insulation performance.SOLUTION: In a waterproof construction 1, a waterproof sheet 20 is bonded by a waterproof steel plate 14 in an area 2b other than a peripheral edge 2a of an external floor 2, and the waterproof sheet 20 is bonded by an adhesive 17 from the peripheral edge 2a of the external floor 2 to an inside surface 3a of a parapet 3. The external floor 2 has an underfloor 4 including a plurality of ALC panels 6 extended to a steel beam 9, and joint mortar 7 filling a joint portion formed between the ALC panels 6. A fixing screw 16 is provided in an area surrounded by reinforcing bars in an inside of the ALC panel 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof structure for a parapet that rises along an outer floor and a peripheral edge of the outer floor.

  Conventionally, a waterproof structure is known in which a waterproof layer is formed on a substantially horizontal external floor such as a veranda or a flat roof using a waterproof sheet. This waterproof sheet is made of, for example, a soft synthetic resin material such as vinyl chloride. As typical construction methods for forming the waterproof layer, there are the following two construction methods.

  One of the construction methods is a construction method in which a waterproof sheet is entirely adhered to a floor base with an adhesive as described in Patent Document 1. This construction method is called a close contact construction method or an adhesion construction method. Another method, as described in Patent Document 2, is to use a disk-shaped fixture having a coating layer of the same material as the waterproof sheet on the surface, and this fixture is arranged in a dot pattern on the floor base, In this method, a waterproof sheet is bonded to the fixture. The waterproof sheet is bonded to the fixture by heat fusion or solvent welding. This method is called an insulation method or a mechanical fixing method.

JP 2007-231044 A JP 2007-154462 A

  However, in the close contact method described in Patent Document 1, since the process is easily affected by the weather, it is difficult to manage the process, which may increase the construction cost. In addition, since the adhesive is applied to the entire surface of the floor base, there is a problem in that unevenness in the amount of application tends to occur and quality control is difficult. On the other hand, the insulation method described in Patent Document 2 is less susceptible to the weather and the quality is relatively stable. However, since the above-described fixture is used instead of the adhesive, the material cost increases accordingly. There is. In addition, when a parapet that rises from the peripheral edge of the outer floor or from the peripheral edge is provided, it is necessary to use a long fixing tool so that the fixing tool is arranged at the peripheral edge or the portion of the parapet. It will be high. In that case, it also takes time for construction.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof structure in which quality management is easy and an increase in construction cost can be suppressed.

  The waterproof structure according to the present invention is a waterproof structure in which a waterproof sheet is provided on an external floor and a parapet that rises along the peripheral edge of the external floor, and the waterproof sheet is external in the region excluding the peripheral edge of the external floor. A plurality of fixtures mounted on the floor and fixed with screws, and bonded from the peripheral edge of the outer floor to the inner surface of the parapet by an adhesive, and the outer floor is stretched over a steel beam. A floor base comprising an ALC panel and joint mortar filled between joints formed between a plurality of ALC panels, and an external floor provided with screws in a region surrounded by reinforcing reinforcing bars inside the ALC panel It is characterized in that it is adhered by an adhesive from the peripheral edge of the parapet to the inner surface of the parapet.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the waterproof sheet is bonded by an adhesive from the peripheral edge of the outer floor to the inner surface of the parapet. According to this waterproof structure, the waterproof sheet is adhered by the fixture in the region excluding the peripheral edge of the external floor. Further, the waterproof sheet is adhered by an adhesive from the peripheral edge of the outer floor to the inner surface of the parapet. As described above, since the close contact method is adopted only in a narrow region from the outer floor to the inner surface of the parapet, the quality can be easily managed as a whole, and the deterioration of the quality can be prevented. Furthermore, since it is difficult to be affected by the weather and the material cost can be suppressed as compared with the case where the insulation method is adopted in all areas of the external floor and the parapet, an increase in construction cost can be suppressed.

  Here, the adhesive is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive. In this case, since the waterproof sheet is bonded using a sticky adhesive, for example, when there is a step between the heat insulating material pressing plate and the screw, or there is a gap between the two during an earthquake. Even if it occurs, the adhesion performance can be reliably maintained.

  In this waterproof structure, the outer wall panel stands up along the steel beam, and the floor foundation of the outer floor is between the ALC panels spanned by the steel beam and the joints and outer wall panels between them. Joint mortar filled in the voids. Here, when the screw for fixing the fixture is provided in a joint mortar or a region not surrounded by the reinforcing reinforcing bar in the ALC panel, for example, the joint mortar or the ALC panel is cracked, etc. May not be able to demonstrate. However, according to the above waterproof structure, the screw is provided in a region surrounded by the reinforcing reinforcing bars inside the ALC panel, so that the screw functions properly and the fixture and the waterproof sheet are securely fixed. In addition, the waterproof sheet is securely fixed by the adhesive at the peripheral edge of the external floor without using a fixing tool. Therefore, quality can be stabilized.

  In addition, it is preferable that a slope is provided at the end portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate on the parapet side, and a water collecting groove along the inner surface of the parapet is formed. In this case, it is possible to easily form the water collecting groove simply by processing the end portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate, and it is possible to effectively collect rainwater and discharge it to the outside.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the joint tape was stuck on the joint part upper part of the heat insulating material pressing plate. In this case, since the gaps and steps in the joints of the heat insulating material pressing plate are covered with joint tape, when a person walks on the waterproof sheet, the corners of the heat insulating material pressing plate are placed. Can prevent the waterproof sheet from being damaged, and the waterproof performance can be maintained.

  According to the present invention, quality management is easy and an increase in construction cost can be suppressed.

It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the principal part of FIG. It is sectional drawing along the VV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the VII-VII line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the IX-IX line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the XI-XI line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is a top view of the waterproof structure concerning a modification. It is sectional drawing of the conventional waterproof structure.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Each drawing is made for the purpose of explanation, and is drawn so as to particularly emphasize the target portion of the explanation. Therefore, the dimensional ratio of each member in the drawings does not necessarily match the actual one.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof structure 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the waterproof structure 1 is a structure in which a waterproof sheet 20 is provided on an outer floor 2 of a building such as a veranda or a flat roof and a parapet 3 that rises along a peripheral edge 2 a of the outer floor 2. The waterproof sheet 20 of the waterproof structure 1 forms a waterproof layer of the outer floor 2 by covering the entire surface of the outer floor 2 and the peripheral edge of the outer floor 2 to a predetermined height on the inner surface 3a of the parapet 3.

  The external floor 2 includes a floor base 4 supported by a steel beam 9, heat insulating materials 11 and 12 laid in two layers on the floor base 4, a heat insulating material pressing plate 13 laid on the heat insulating material 12, have. The outer floor 2 includes a peripheral edge 2a that is a band-shaped area near the parapet 3 and an area 2b inside the peripheral edge 2a. If it sees in the external floor 2 whole, the peripheral part 2a has comprised the cyclic | annular form, and the area | region 2b is enclosed by the peripheral part 2a.

  The floor base 4 has a flat surface and receives the weight of the external floor 2 and the load applied to the external floor 2 to transmit it to the frame including the steel beam 9. The floor foundation 4 is composed of, for example, a plurality of ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) panels 6 spanned on a steel beam 9 made of H-shaped steel, and joint mortar 7 filled in joints formed between the plurality of ALC panels 6. And joint mortar 8 filled in a gap between the outer wall panel 10 and the ALC panel 6 constituting the parapet 3. The ALC panel 6 has a rectangular plate shape. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped region 6a (see a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1) inside the ALC panel 6 is surrounded by a cross-shaped reinforcing bar arranged in two upper and lower stages.

  The heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are for improving the thermal environment in the building. Each of the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 is a foamed plastic heat insulating material molded into a plate shape. The heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are formed of, for example, phenol foam, polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam, or the like. The heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are laid almost entirely on the floor base 4.

  The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 serves as a base for fixing the waterproof sheet 20 while pressing the heat insulating materials 11 and 12. Various plate materials can be used as the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. For example, as the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, a laminated material (GL), a single plate laminated material (LVL), a plywood (PW), a structural plywood, an oriented strand board (OSB), a particle board (PB), a low density particle board (LPB), hard board (HB), medium density fiber board (MDF), insulation board (IB), calcium silicate board, slate board, slag gypsum board, gypsum particle board (GPB), wood chip cement board (CPB), A hard wood cement board (century board), a pulp mixed cement board, a wood wool cement board, etc. can be used. As the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, a material having stickiness and high surface rigidity is suitable. This is to prevent the portion fixed by the screw from being broken (screw missing) when an upward force is applied to the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 due to negative pressure acting or the like. is there. The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is laid almost entirely on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 12.

  The parapet 3 includes an outer wall panel 10 erected along a steel beam 9 located below the peripheral edge 2a. The outer wall panel 10 is an ALC panel, for example. The outer wall panel 10 protrudes above the outer floor 2 by a certain length.

  The waterproof sheet 20 provided on the outer floor 2 and the parapet 3 is made of, for example, a vinyl chloride sheet, a vulcanized rubber sheet, an asphalt sheet, an olefin sheet, or the like.

  In the waterproof structure 1 of the present embodiment, in the region 2b excluding the peripheral edge 2a of the external floor 2, a waterproof sheet is provided by a plurality of waterproof steel plates (fixtures) 14 placed on the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. 20 is adhered. Further, a waterproof sheet 20 is bonded by an adhesive 17 from the peripheral edge 2 a of the outer floor 2 to the inner surface 3 a of the parapet 3. That is, in the waterproof structure 1, the close contact method is adopted in a part of the region where the waterproof sheet 20 is provided, and the insulation method is adopted in the other part.

  The plurality of waterproof steel plates 14 are arranged on the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 so as to be spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction, and are fixed to the outer floor 2 by fixing screws 16. Each waterproof steel plate 14 is formed by applying a vinyl chloride coating of the same material as that of the waterproof sheet 20 on the surface of a disk-shaped steel plate, and a screw insertion hole for inserting a fixing screw 16 is provided at the center. A recess corresponding to the taper of the head (flat conical shape) of the fixed screw 16 is formed around the screw insertion hole, and the upper surface of the waterproof steel plate 14 and the upper surface of the head of the fixed screw 16 are substantially flush. It is comprised so that it may become. The waterproof steel sheet 14 adheres the waterproof sheet 20 to the surface by welding using a solvent or welding by heating, thereby fixing the waterproof sheet 20. The waterproof sheet 20 is in a so-called floating state with a gap between the waterproof steel plates 14 and 14 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. In addition, the shape of the waterproof steel plate is not limited to a disk shape, for example, a long one having screw insertion holes formed at a predetermined pitch (for example, 100 to 500 mm) is arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch and fixed. May be.

  The waterproof steel plate 14 is fixed above the area 6 a of the outer floor 2 surrounded by the reinforcing bars inside the ALC panel 6. Fixing screws 16 for fixing the waterproof steel plate 14 are provided in a region 6 a surrounded by reinforcing bars in the ALC panel 6. That is, the tip of the fixing screw 16 reaches the region 6a. Thereby, when the fixed screw 16 is driven, it is prevented that the ALC panel 6 is cracked by the impact force, and the waterproof steel plate 14 is securely fixed by the fixed screw 16.

  The adhesive 17 is applied between the peripheral portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and the inner side surface 3a of the parapet 3 (outer wall panel 10) and the waterproof sheet 20, and adheres and fixes the waterproof sheet 20. In other words, the adhesive 17 is disposed on the flat portion and the vertical portion near the corner where the parapet 3 rises on the back side of the waterproof sheet 20. As the adhesive 17, a viscous adhesive, that is, a pressure-sensitive adhesive is used. For example, as the adhesive 17, an adhesive such as neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, acrylic rubber, butyl rubber, silicon rubber, urethane rubber, or rubber asphalt can be used. The adhesive 17 may be an adhesive having no viscosity (curing), for example, an epoxy, acrylic, or urethane adhesive.

  On the inner side surface 3a of the parapet 3, a groove portion 3b extending in the lateral direction at a predetermined height position from the upper surface of the outer floor 2 is formed. The waterproof sheet 20 is laid to the vicinity of the groove 3b. The upper end portion 20a of the waterproof sheet 20 is bonded and fixed by a waterproof steel plate 18 disposed along the inner side surface 3a and the groove portion 3b. The waterproof steel plate 18 is made of the same material as that of the waterproof steel plate 14, and is fixed to the outer wall panel 10 with screws 19 in the groove 3b.

  According to the waterproof structure 1 of the present embodiment described above, the waterproof sheet 20 is bonded by the waterproof steel plate 14 in the region 2b excluding the peripheral edge 2a of the external floor 2, and the parapet 3 is separated from the peripheral edge 2a of the external floor 2. The waterproof sheet 20 is bonded to the inner side surface 3 a by the adhesive 17. In this way, the close contact method is adopted only in the band-like narrow region from the outer floor 2 to the inner side surface 3a of the parapet 3, and the insulation method is adopted in the majority (region 2b). Management is easy and quality degradation is prevented. In addition, it is less susceptible to the weather, and material costs are reduced compared to the case where the insulation method is used in all areas of the external floor 2 and the parapet 3, and thus an increase in construction costs is suppressed. .

  The adhesive 17 is a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Therefore, since the waterproof sheet 20 is bonded using a sticky adhesive, there is a step between the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and the fixing screw 16 or when there is a gap between them during an earthquake. Even if it exists, adhesive performance is maintained reliably.

  Here, if the fixing screws 16 for fixing the waterproof steel plate 14 are provided in the joint mortar 8 or a region (region A in FIG. 1) not surrounded by the reinforcing reinforcing bars in the ALC panel 6, for example, There is a possibility that the mortar 8 and the ALC panel 6 may be displaced and the predetermined function cannot be exhibited. However, according to the waterproof structure 1, the fixing screw 16 is provided in the region 6 a surrounded by the reinforcing reinforcing bars inside the ALC panel 6, so that the fixing screw 16 functions properly, and the waterproof steel plate 14 and the waterproof sheet 20 are provided. Securely fixed. Further, at the peripheral edge 2 a of the outer floor 2, the waterproof sheet 20 is securely fixed by the adhesive 17 without using the waterproof steel plate 14 that requires the fixing screws 16. Therefore, quality can be stabilized.

  For example, in the conventional waterproof structure 100 as shown in FIG. 14, when fixing the waterproof sheet 120, the fixing screw 116 for fixing the waterproof steel sheet 114 cannot be hit in the region A. As a result, the width of the waterproof steel plate 114 has become wide. In this case, an increase in material cost was inevitable.

  Moreover, in order to avoid an increase in material cost as in the waterproof structure 100, a structure in which the ALC panel is arranged so as to contact the parapet and the waterproof steel plate is miniaturized by hitting a fixing screw in the vicinity of the parapet can be considered. In this case, there is a problem that the rigid floor cannot be fixed.

  On the other hand, according to the waterproof structure 1, since the adhesive 17 is used in the region A, the material cost is reduced correspondingly, and an increase in construction cost is suppressed.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1A according to the second embodiment. The waterproof structure 1A is different from the waterproof structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that a heat insulating material pressing plate 13A in which a gradient is provided at the end portion 13a on the parapet 3 side is used instead of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. is there. The thickness, that is, the height of the end portion 13a of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13A gradually decreases as the parapet 3 is approached. According to this waterproof structure 1A, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structure 1 can be obtained, and a drainage function for suitably draining rainwater or the like to the peripheral edge 2a of the external floor 2 can be provided. 2 and the subsequent drawings, the joint mortar 7 is not shown.

  3 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1B according to the third embodiment, FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is taken along the line V-V in FIG. It is sectional drawing along. The waterproof structure 1B is different from the waterproof structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that a gradient heat insulating material 21 is disposed on the side of the parapet 3 of the heat insulating materials 11 and 12, and a heat insulating material presser laid on the gradient heat insulating material 21. The presser bar 22 is provided to prevent the peripheral edge 13b of the plate 13 from being lifted. The gradient heat insulating material 21 is made of the same material as the heat insulating materials 11 and 12. The thickness, that is, the height of the gradient heat insulating material 21 is equal to the combined height of the heat insulating material 11 and the heat insulating material 12 in the portion farthest from the parapet 3 (the right end portion in FIG. 3). Yes. Further, the thickness, that is, the height of the gradient heat insulating material 21 is gradually reduced in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (see FIG. 5).

  The presser foot 22 is fixed to the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3. The presser bar 22 is made of an angle material having an L-shaped cross section. As shown in FIG. 4, the presser fixture 22 includes a vertical piece 22 a that is in contact with the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3, and a horizontal piece 22 b that is connected to the edge of the vertical piece 22 a and extends substantially horizontally. . The vertical piece 22 a is disposed between the inner side surface 3 a and the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The horizontal piece 22 b is disposed on the back side of the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The vertical piece 22a is fixed to the inner surface 3a of the parapet 3 by screws 23, and the horizontal piece 22b is fixed to the peripheral edge portion 13b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and the gradient heat insulating material 21 by screws 24 driven from above the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. Fixed between. The presser foot 22 may extend in the lateral direction along the parapet 3, or may be provided as a spot at the positions of the screws 23 and 24. The peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is bent downward by the pressing metal 22 and the screw 24 so as to be along the upper surface of the gradient heat insulating material 21 having a gradient.

  With such a configuration, in the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B, the water collecting groove 26 (see FIG. 5) that is inclined downward as it approaches the parapet 3 and is also inclined in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 is formed. In the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B, the water collecting groove 26 can be easily formed simply by processing the end portion (the peripheral edge portion 13 b or the gradient heat insulating material 21) of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13.

  According to this waterproof structure 1B, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structures 1 and 1A can be obtained. Here, when the joint mortar 8 is filled in the gap between the parapet 3 and the ALC panel 6, the screws 11 are less likely to work in the portion close to the parapet 3, so that the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are fixed. However, according to the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B, since the presser foot 22 that prevents the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 from being lifted is fixed to the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3, the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is caused by wind or the like. Even when a negative pressure is applied to the peripheral edge portion 13b, the presser foot 22 prevents the peripheral edge portion 13b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 from being lifted. Moreover, it can prevent that the heat insulating material pressing board 13 and the waterproof sheet 20 are crushed and damaged. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, it has a function of collecting rainwater and the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 5), effectively collecting rainwater and discharging it outside. can do.

  6 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1C according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. The waterproof structure 1 </ b> C is different from the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in that the horizontal piece 22 b of the presser fitting 22 is arranged on the surface side of the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The horizontal piece 22 b is fixed between the waterproof sheet 20 and the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 by screws 24.

  According to the waterproof structure 1C, the same actions and effects as the waterproof structures 1, 1A, 1B can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 7, it has a function of collecting rainwater and the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 7), effectively collecting rainwater and discharging it outside. it can.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1D according to the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. The waterproof structure 1 </ b> D is different from the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in that the vertical piece 22 a of the presser fitting 22 is arranged between the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3 and the gradient heat insulating material 21. The vertical piece 22a is fixed to the inner side surface 3a by a screw 23 driven before the gradient heat insulating material 21 is installed.

  According to this waterproof structure 1D, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structures 1, 1A, 1B can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 9, it has a function of collecting rainwater and the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 9), effectively collecting rainwater and discharging it outside. it can.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1E according to the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. The waterproof structure 1E is different from the waterproof structure 1B shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in that the horizontal piece 22b of the presser bar 22 is arranged on the surface side of the peripheral edge 13b of the heat insulating material presser plate 13 and the presser bar 22 The vertical piece 22a is arranged between the inner side surface 3a of the parapet 3 and the peripheral edge portion 13b of the gradient heat insulating material 21 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The vertical piece 22a is fixed to the inner side surface 3a by a screw 23 driven before the gradient heat insulating material 21 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are installed.

  According to this waterproof structure 1E, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structures 1, 1A, 1B can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 11, it has a function of collecting rainwater and the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 11), effectively collecting rainwater and discharging it outside. it can.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1F according to the seventh embodiment. This waterproof structure 1F is different from the waterproof structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that a heat insulating material 41, 42, 43 having a three-layer structure is used instead of the heat insulating materials 11, 12, a waterproof steel plate 44 is used, And a joint tape 50 is used.

  The heat insulating material 41 is a foamed plastic heat insulating material made of polystyrene foam, and is made of a material rich in elasticity as compared with heat insulating materials 42 and 43 described later, and has irregularities on the ALC panel 6 and the joint mortar 8. Even if it does, it can absorb unevenness without being destroyed. The heat insulating material 41 also has a function of forming a water gradient on the external floor 2, and is laid on substantially the entire upper surface of the floor foundation 4. The heat insulating material 41 in the peripheral edge 2 a of the external floor 2 has a substantially trapezoidal cross section, and the upper surface thereof is inclined downward as it approaches the parapet 3. Specifically, the height of the heat insulating material 41 at the peripheral edge 2 a is equal to the height of the adjacent heat insulating material 41 at the portion farthest from the parapet 3, and gradually decreases as it approaches the parapet 3. The heat insulating material 41 in the region other than the peripheral edge portion 2a has a gentler slope than the heat insulating material 41 in the peripheral edge portion 2a, and as a whole, a ridge-shaped water gradient is formed on the outer floor 2 as shown in FIG. It is comprised so that.

  The heat insulating materials 42 and 43 are foamed plastic heat insulating materials made of phenol foam, polyethylene foam, etc., each formed into a plate shape like the heat insulating materials 11 and 12, and are equivalent to the heat insulating material 41 or from the heat insulating material 41. Also has high heat insulation performance. The heat insulating materials 42 and 43 are laid on substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material 41.

  The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is laid on substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material 43. The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is fixed by a fixing screw 16 that penetrates the heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43 and the tip reaches the floor base 4. The heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43 are It is fixed to the floor base 4 without using an adhesive.

  The waterproof sheet 20 is provided over substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, the inner surface 3 a of the parapet 3, and the upper surface of the parapet 3, and the inner side of the peripheral edge 2 a, the inner surface 3 a, and the upper surface of the parapet 3. The part is adhered to the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, the waterproof steel plate 14, and the parapet 3 by an adhesive 17. A waterproof steel plate 44 is provided on the outer peripheral side portion of the upper end surface of the parapet 3. The waterproof steel plate 44 is a substantially L-shaped angle material, and has a surface coated with polyvinyl chloride. The waterproof steel plate 44 is provided so as to extend to the outer peripheral side of the parapet 3 continuously to the portion where the adhesive 17 is applied on the upper surface of the parapet 3, and bend downward at the outer peripheral end of the parapet 3.

  Moreover, in the waterproof structure 1F of this embodiment, the heat insulating materials 42 and 43 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 in the peripheral edge 2a and the heat insulating material 42 adjacent to the inside of the joint portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are provided. , 43 and the heat insulating material presser plate 13 are covered with a joint tape 50 so as to cover the gap S formed between them. That is, the joint tape 50 is affixed to the upper part of the joint part of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The joint tape 50 is made of, for example, polyethylene, and an adhesive is applied to one surface thereof.

  Thus, when the joint part of the several heat insulating material pressing board 13 is covered with the joint tape 50, when a pressure is applied to the upper surface of the waterproof sheet 20 by a pedestrian or a gravity object, for example, the heat insulating material pressing board 13 It can prevent that the corner | angular part damages the waterproof sheet 20. FIG.

  Moreover, when the joint tape 50 is not affixed, the some heat insulating material pressing board 13 mutually expands and contracts, the space | interval of the clearance gap S changes, and local stress is repeatedly generated in the waterproof sheet 20, and is damaged. Although the zero span tension may occur, in the waterproof structure 1F of the present embodiment, since the gap S formed between the heat insulating material pressing plates 13 is covered by the joint tape 50, the expansion and contraction of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is caused. Therefore, local stress can be prevented from being generated in the waterproof sheet 20, and damage can be avoided.

  Further, when the joint tape 50 is not applied, the adhesive 17 or the like may accumulate in the gap S, and the waterproof sheet 20 swells and swells due to the organic solvent or moisture remaining in the adhesive 17. However, in the waterproof structure 1F of the present embodiment, since the adhesive 17 does not accumulate in the gap S when the joint tape 50 is applied to the upper part of the gap S, the waterproof sheet 20 is formed by the adhesive 17. The problem of swelling can be prevented.

  Further, by providing the joint tape 50 on the gap S, it is possible to configure a drer construction method in which air is not supplied between the waterproof sheet 20 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, so that it can be used in a typhoon or a strong wind. The flapping of the waterproof sheet 20 is eliminated, and problems such as the fixed screw 16 coming off due to vibration and the fixed screw 16 penetrating the waterproof sheet 20 and leaking water can be reliably avoided. Specifically, in the waterproof structure 1 </ b> F, as shown in FIG. 12, even if a wind pressure P due to a typhoon or the like is generated, the air A <b> 1 trying to enter the waterproof sheet 20 from below the ALC panel 6 is blocked by the ALC panel 6. Is done. Air A <b> 3 that attempts to enter the waterproof sheet 20 from the inner surface 3 a through the ALC plates of the parapet 3 is blocked by the adhesive 17. Air A <b> 2 trying to enter the waterproof sheet 20 from the heat insulating materials 41, 42, 43 and the gap S through the ALC plates of the parapet 3 is blocked by the joint tape 50. In this way, the air A1 to A3 to be entered is blocked, so that the air does not completely enter between the waterproof sheet 20 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, and the waterproof sheet 20 flutters in order to maintain a vacuum state. Problems can be prevented reliably.

  By the way, a mechanical fixing method (insulating method, floating pasting method) has been used as a high outer heat insulating method capable of stacking a large number of heat insulating materials. However, in this mechanical fixing method, for example, a peripheral portion near a parapet, etc. There is a problem that it is necessary to use a large number of waterproof steel sheets for 2a, which requires a great deal of cost. In addition, there is a problem that high skill is required to weld a sheet to a waterproof steel plate having a complicated shape.

  On the other hand, according to the waterproof structures 1 and 1A to 1F of the above-described embodiment, a waterproof steel plate is not necessary at the peripheral edge portion 2a, and the material cost can be suppressed, and a construction method that does not require a specialist is required. it can.

  In addition, as a construction method that does not use fixing brackets such as the above-mentioned waterproof steel plate, there is an adhesive construction method in which a heat insulating material or the like is adhered using an adhesive. However, the adhesive construction method is difficult to manage the adhesive. There is room for improvement in that the outer heat insulation method cannot be realized and the heat insulation is lower than the machine fixing method. Furthermore, if it rains on the day of construction, construction using an adhesive cannot be performed, so that there is a problem that construction must be stopped.

  On the other hand, according to the waterproof structures 1 and 1A to 1F of the above embodiment, the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 or the heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are provided on the upper part of the ALC panel 6. Since the heat insulating materials 11, 12 or the heat insulating materials 41, 42, 43 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are fixed to the floor base 4 by the fixing screws 16, the management of the adhesive is facilitated and the high outer heat insulating method is used. Can be realized. Furthermore, in general, the waterproof sheet 20 is constructed by first constructing the peripheral portion 2a and then constructing a portion other than the peripheral portion 2a. However, in the waterproof structure 1F, in the portions other than the peripheral portion 2a Since construction is performed without using an adhesive, even if it rains on the day of construction, construction can be continued without stopping by performing construction other than the peripheral edge 2a. .

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, the heat insulating material is not limited to a two-layer structure including two heat insulating materials 11 and 12 or a three-layer structure including three heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43. It may be a multilayer structure composed of four or more heat insulating materials. The screw for fixing the presser foot 22 may be a drill screw or a nylon plug screw. The floor foundation is not limited to the case of the ALC panel 6 but may be a PC (precast concrete) panel. Moreover, it may consist of wooden panels, such as steel deck plates, folded-plate roofs, RC slabs in RC (steel reinforced concrete) buildings, and structural plywood in wooden buildings.

  In the second to sixth embodiments, the example in which the presser foot 22 is arranged on the peripheral edge portion 13b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 has been described. However, the peripheral edge portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is not bent as in the second embodiment. When the insulating material pressing plate 13 has a predetermined stickiness and strength (for example, a structural plywood having a thickness of 9 mm or more, an OSB having a thickness of 12 mm or more, an MDF having a thickness of 9 mm or more, a thickness of 15 mm or more) The particle board, the hard wood cement board with a thickness of 12 mm or more, the pulp-mixed cement board with a thickness of 12 mm or more, etc., do not require the presser foot 22, and only the fixing screw 16 as in the first embodiment. 13 can be fixed.

  Moreover, in waterproof structure 1A-1F of 2nd-7th embodiment, since the upper surface of the heat insulating material 41 inclines below as the parapet 3 approaches in the peripheral part 2a, rainwater etc. are suitable for the peripheral part 2a. Although a drainage function for draining can be provided, the drainage function can be more suitably exhibited by providing a gradient in the direction along the parapet of the peripheral edge 2a.

  Specifically, as shown in the modified example of FIG. 13, for example, the height of the heat insulating material 41 is gradually reduced also in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 so that rainwater collects in the drain X provided at the lowermost portion of the water. By being configured in this way, it becomes difficult to form a puddle on the upper surface of the peripheral edge portion 2a, and rainwater or the like can be discharged to the drain X more suitably. In addition, about the part of the heat insulating material 41 of the peripheral part 2a, when the height of the waterproof sheet surface of the peripheral part 2a which has a predetermined | prescribed gradient will exceed a limit because the length of the peripheral part 2a is too long. Can be dealt with by preventing the lateral direction along the parapet 3 from being inclined or by adding the drain X as appropriate.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A-1F ... Waterproof structure, 2 ... External floor, 2a ... Peripheral part, 2b ... Area, 3 ... Parapet, 3a ... Inner side surface, 4 ... Floor base, 6 ... ALC panel, 7, 8 ... Joint mortar, 9 ... steel beam, 10 ... outer wall panel, 11, 12, 41, 42, 43 ... heat insulating material, 14 ... waterproof steel plate (fixture), 16 ... fixing screw (screw), 17 ... adhesive, 20 ... waterproof sheet, 50 ... joint tape, S ... gap.

Claims (1)

A waterproof structure in which a waterproof sheet is provided on the outer floor and a parapet that rises along the peripheral edge of the outer floor,
In the region excluding the peripheral portion of the outer floor, the waterproof sheet is bonded by a plurality of fixtures placed on the outer floor and fixed with screws.
The external floor includes a floor base including a plurality of ALC panels stretched over a steel beam, and joint mortar filled in joints formed between the plurality of ALC panels,
The waterproof structure, wherein the screw is provided in a region surrounded by a reinforcing bar inside the ALC panel.

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