JP2016179543A - Drill and manufacturing method of drill - Google Patents

Drill and manufacturing method of drill Download PDF

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JP2016179543A
JP2016179543A JP2016143816A JP2016143816A JP2016179543A JP 2016179543 A JP2016179543 A JP 2016179543A JP 2016143816 A JP2016143816 A JP 2016143816A JP 2016143816 A JP2016143816 A JP 2016143816A JP 2016179543 A JP2016179543 A JP 2016179543A
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line
drill
cutting edge
tool axis
projection plane
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斎藤　学
Manabu Saito
学 斎藤
中畑　達雄
Tatsuo Nakahata
達雄 中畑
高橋　秀治
Hideji Takahashi
秀治 高橋
政雄 渡邉
Masao Watanabe
政雄 渡邉
利男 西野
Toshio Nishino
利男 西野
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Subaru Corp
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Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drill capable of drilling in a more preferable condition, to various work materials such as a metal or a composite material.SOLUTION: A drill in an embodiment has a cutting edge having such a shape that a line which has an axially symmetrical shape centered at a tool shaft and has a discontinuously changing curvature is drawn on a projection surface, in the case where a passing region of a ridge line when being rotated around the tool shaft is projected on the projection surface in parallel with the tool shaft. The line having the discontinuously changing curvature is a line obtained by approximating a part of a single parabola which has an axially symmetrical shape centered at the tool shaft.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明の実施形態は、ドリル及びドリルの製造方法に関する。   Embodiments described herein relate generally to a drill and a drill manufacturing method.

従来、金属のみならずガラス繊維強化プラスチック(GFRP: Glass fiber reinforced plastics)や炭素繊維強化プラスチック(CFRP: Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics)等の複合材の穿孔を高精度に行うことを狙いとして、様々な多角ドリルが提案されている（例えば特許文献１、特許文献２及び特許文献３参照）。   Conventionally, various kinds of materials have been aimed at drilling not only metals but also composite materials such as glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) with high precision. Drills have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).

特開２０１３−２５２５８８号公報JP 2013-252588 A 実開平６−７５６１２号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-75612 特開２０１０−２８４７８３号公報JP 2010-284783 A

本発明は、金属や複合材等の様々な被削材に対して、より好適な条件で穿孔を行うことが可能なドリル及びドリルの製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a drill capable of drilling under various conditions on various work materials such as metals and composite materials, and a manufacturing method of the drill.

本発明の実施形態に係るドリルは、工具軸を中心に回転させた場合における稜線の通過領域を前記工具軸に平行な投影面に投影した場合に、前記工具軸を中心に線対称かつ曲率が不連続に変化する線が前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する切れ刃を有する。前記曲率が不連続に変化する線は、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な単一の放物線の一部を近似した線である。
また、本発明の実施形態に係るドリルは、異なる３つ以上の複数の先端角を有し、前記複数の先端角を形成する複数の稜線の各両端の位置が単一の放物線上となる切れ刃を有する。
また、本発明の実施形態に係るドリルは、異なる４つ以上の複数の先端角を有し、前記複数の先端角を形成する複数の稜線が単一の放物線に接する切れ刃を有する。
また、本発明の実施形態に係るドリルの製造方法は、ドリルの素材をセットする工程と、工具軸を中心に回転させた場合における稜線の通過領域を前記工具軸に平行な投影面に投影した場合に、前記工具軸を中心に線対称かつ曲率が不連続に変化する線が前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する切れ刃を前記素材を用いて形成する工程とを有する。前記曲率が不連続に変化する線は、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な単一の放物線の一部を近似した線である。 The drill according to the embodiment of the present invention has a line symmetry and a curvature about the tool axis when the passing region of the ridge line when the drill is rotated about the tool axis is projected on a projection plane parallel to the tool axis. A discontinuous line has a cutting edge having a shape drawn on the projection plane. The line in which the curvature changes discontinuously is a line that approximates a part of a single parabola that is axisymmetric about the tool axis.
Further, the drill according to the embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of different tip angles of three or more, and the positions of both ends of the plurality of ridge lines forming the plurality of tip angles are on a single parabola. Has a blade.
In addition, the drill according to the embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of four or more different tip angles, and a plurality of ridge lines forming the plurality of tip angles have cutting edges that contact a single parabola.
Further, in the drill manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the step of setting the material of the drill and the passing area of the ridge line when rotated about the tool axis are projected onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis. Forming a cutting edge having a shape in which a line having a line symmetry and a curvature changing discontinuously about the tool axis is drawn on the projection plane, using the material. The line in which the curvature changes discontinuously is a line that approximates a part of a single parabola that is axisymmetric about the tool axis.

本発明の実施形態に係るドリル及びドリルの製造方法によれば、金属や複合材等の様々な被削材に対して、より好適な条件で穿孔を行うことができる。   According to the drill and the drill manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to perform drilling under more suitable conditions for various work materials such as metal and composite materials.

本発明の第１の実施形態に係るドリルの形状を示す図。The figure which shows the shape of the drill which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１に示すドリルの切れ刃の設計方法を説明する図。The figure explaining the design method of the cutting edge of the drill shown in FIG. ２つの放物線に沿うようにドリルの切れ刃の形状を設計した例を示す図。The figure which shows the example which designed the shape of the cutting-blade of a drill so that two parabolas might be met. 本発明の第２の実施形態に係るドリルの形状を示す図。The figure which shows the shape of the drill which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

本発明の実施形態に係るドリル及びドリルの製造方法について添付図面を参照して説明する。   A drill and a drill manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

（第１の実施形態）
図１は本発明の第１の実施形態に係るドリルの形状を示す図である。 (First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a view showing the shape of a drill according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

ドリル１は、切れ刃２と、切れ刃２を回転させるためのシャンク３とを有する。切れ刃２の数は任意である。すなわち、ドリル１は、１枚刃、２枚刃、３枚刃、４枚刃、５枚刃又は６枚刃以上のドリルとすることができる。また、切れ刃２は、シャンク３と一体型としてソリッドタイプのドリル１を構成することが剛性、対摩耗性及びじん性等の機械的特性を良好にする観点から好ましい。但し、交換可能なチップ式の切れ刃２をシャンク３に取付ける構造としても良い。   The drill 1 has a cutting edge 2 and a shank 3 for rotating the cutting edge 2. The number of cutting edges 2 is arbitrary. That is, the drill 1 can be a one-blade, two-blade, three-blade, four-blade, five-blade, or six-blade or more drill. Further, it is preferable that the cutting edge 2 constitutes the solid type drill 1 as an integral type with the shank 3 from the viewpoint of improving mechanical properties such as rigidity, wear resistance and toughness. However, a replaceable chip-type cutting edge 2 may be attached to the shank 3.

図１において（ａ）は、切れ刃２を工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に回転させた場合における切れ刃２の稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに垂直な投影面に投影した図を示している。一方、図１において（ｂ）は、切れ刃２を工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に回転させた場合における切れ刃２の稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに平行な投影面に投影した図を示している。   FIG. 1A shows a view in which the ridge line passing region of the cutting edge 2 is projected onto a projection plane perpendicular to the tool axis Tax when the cutting edge 2 is rotated around the tool axis Tax. On the other hand, FIG. 1B shows a diagram in which the ridge line passing area of the cutting edge 2 is projected onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis Tax when the cutting edge 2 is rotated around the tool axis Tax. .

従って、切れ刃２の数が偶数であれば、図１（ｂ）は、切れ刃２の形状を示すドリル１の断面図となる。一方、切れ刃２の数が奇数であれば、図１（ｂ）は、切れ刃２に沿って工具軸Ｔａｘで切断方向が変化するドリル１の断面図となる。   Therefore, if the number of cutting edges 2 is an even number, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the drill 1 showing the shape of the cutting edges 2. On the other hand, if the number of cutting edges 2 is an odd number, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the drill 1 in which the cutting direction changes along the cutting edge 2 along the tool axis Tax.

図１に示すように、ドリル１は、複数の先端角を有する多角ドリルである。図１には、３つの異なる先端角α１、α２、α３を有する３段角のドリル１が例示されている。このため、図１（ｂ）に示すように、切れ刃２は、稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに平行な投影面に投影した場合に、複数の直線的な線分を不連続に連結した線対称な折れ線が不連続な線として投影面上に描かれる形状を有する。   As shown in FIG. 1, the drill 1 is a polygonal drill having a plurality of tip angles. FIG. 1 illustrates a three-stage drill 1 having three different tip angles α1, α2, and α3. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1B, the cutting edge 2 discontinuously connects a plurality of linear line segments when the passage region of the ridge line is projected onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis Tax. A line-symmetric broken line has a shape drawn on the projection plane as a discontinuous line.

但し、投影面上における切れ刃２の形状を、複数の直線的な線分を連結する代わりに、複数の連続的な曲線を連結した形状としてもよい。その場合には、切れ刃２は、稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに平行な投影面に投影した場合に、複数の連続的な曲線を不連続に連結した線対称な曲線が不連続な線として投影面上に描かれる形状となる。   However, the shape of the cutting edge 2 on the projection surface may be a shape in which a plurality of continuous curves are connected instead of connecting a plurality of linear line segments. In that case, when the cutting edge 2 projects the ridge line passage area onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis Tax, a line-symmetrical curve obtained by discontinuously connecting a plurality of continuous curves is a discontinuous line. As a shape drawn on the projection plane.

更に、ドリル１の切れ刃２は、稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに平行な投影面に投影した場合に、単一又は２つの放物線又は楕円に沿う線対称かつ不連続な線が投影面上に描かれる形状を有している。図１（ｂ）に示す例では、単一の放物線に沿う線対称かつ不連続な折れ線が投影面上に描かれている。   Further, when the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 projects the ridge line passage area onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis Tax, a single or two parabolas or a line that is symmetrical and discontinuous along an ellipse is formed on the projection plane. It has the shape drawn in In the example shown in FIG. 1B, a line-symmetric and discontinuous broken line along a single parabola is drawn on the projection plane.

このような設計方法で切れ刃２を設計すると切れ刃２を構成する複数の稜線によって切削される被削材（ワーク）の体積を稜線間において概ね一定にすることができる。   When the cutting edge 2 is designed by such a design method, the volume of the workpiece (workpiece) cut by the plurality of ridgelines constituting the cutting edge 2 can be made substantially constant between the ridgelines.

図２は、図１に示すドリル１の切れ刃２の設計方法を説明する図である。   FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a design method of the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 shown in FIG.

図２において（ａ）は、切れ刃２を工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に回転させた場合における切れ刃２の稜線の通過領域の、工具軸Ｔａｘに垂直な投影面を示している。一方、図２において（ｂ）は、切れ刃２を工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に回転させた場合における切れ刃２の稜線の通過領域の、工具軸Ｔａｘに平行な投影面を示している。   FIG. 2A shows a projection plane perpendicular to the tool axis Tax in the region where the edge of the cutting edge 2 passes when the cutting edge 2 is rotated about the tool axis Tax. On the other hand, (b) in FIG. 2 shows a projection plane parallel to the tool axis Tax in the passing region of the ridgeline of the cutting edge 2 when the cutting edge 2 is rotated around the tool axis Tax.

図２（ｂ）に示すように工具軸Ｔａｘ方向をｘ軸方向、工具軸Ｔａｘを含む投影面上において工具軸Ｔａｘに垂直な方向をｙ軸方向とするｘｙ座標系を定義すると、ドリル１の切れ刃２の稜線が沿う曲線の式をy=f(x)として関数で表すことができる。仮に、ドリル１の切れ刃２の稜線がy=f(x)で表される曲線であるとすると、工具軸Ｔａｘ方向の長さが送り量aの隣接する稜線C1, C2の部分が切削するワークの体積V1, V2は、式(1-1)及び式(1-2)で計算できる。
V1=aS1=a{πf(x１+a)2-πf(x１)2}=aπ{f(x１+a)2-f(x１)2} (1-1)
V2=aS2=a{πf(x１)2-πf(x１-a)2}=aπ{f(x１)2-f(x１-a)2} (1-2)
但し、式(1-1)及び式(1-2)において、S1, S2は図２（ａ）に示す各領域の面積、すなわち工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に切れ刃２を回転させた場合における各稜線C1, C2の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに垂直な投影面上に投影して得られる２次元領域における各面積を示す。また、x１は、稜線C1, C2の境界点におけるｘ座標を示す。 As shown in FIG. 2B, when the xy coordinate system is defined in which the tool axis Tax direction is the x-axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the tool axis Tax on the projection plane including the tool axis Tax is the y-axis direction, The expression of the curve along the ridgeline of the cutting edge 2 can be expressed as a function with y = f (x). If the ridgeline of the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 is a curve represented by y = f (x), the adjacent ridgelines C1 and C2 whose length in the tool axis Tax direction is the feed amount a are cut. The volume V1, V2 of the workpiece can be calculated by Expression (1-1) and Expression (1-2).
V1 = aS1 = a {πf (x 1 + a) 2 −πf (x 1 ) 2 } = aπ {f (x 1 + a) 2 −f (x 1 ) 2 } (1-1)
V2 = aS2 = a {πf (x 1 ) 2 −πf (x 1 −a) 2 } = aπ {f (x 1 ) 2 −f (x 1 −a) 2 } (1-2)
However, in the formulas (1-1) and (1-2), S1 and S2 are the areas of the respective regions shown in FIG. 2A, that is, each when the cutting edge 2 is rotated about the tool axis Tax. Each area in a two-dimensional region obtained by projecting the passing region of the ridge lines C1 and C2 onto a projection plane perpendicular to the tool axis Tax is shown. Further, x 1 denotes the x-coordinate at the boundary point of the ridge line C1, C2.

従って、稜線C1の部分が切削するワークの体積V1と稜線C2の部分が切削するワークの体積V2とが互いに等しくなるような曲線y=f(x)が理想的な曲線となる。そこで、式(1-1)及び式(1-2)の右辺が等しいとする式を変形すると式(2)が導かれる。
2f(x１)2=f(x１+a)2+f(x１-a)2 (2) Therefore, a curve y = f (x) in which the volume V1 of the workpiece to be cut by the portion of the ridge line C1 and the volume V2 of the workpiece to be cut by the portion of the ridge line C2 is the ideal curve. Therefore, by transforming the expression in which the right sides of Expression (1-1) and Expression (1-2) are equal, Expression (2) is derived.
2f (x 1 ) 2 = f (x 1 + a) 2 + f (x 1 -a) 2 (2)

式(2)の条件を満足する関数は、式(3)で示す放物線である。
f(x)=bx1/2 (3)
但し、式(3)において、bは、任意の定数である。尚、図２（ａ）に示す各領域の面積S1, S2が互いに等しくなるという条件で方程式を解いても、同様に放物線が解として得られる。 The function that satisfies the condition of Expression (2) is a parabola shown by Expression (3).
f (x) = bx 1/2 (3)
However, in Formula (3), b is an arbitrary constant. In addition, even if the equation is solved under the condition that the areas S1 and S2 of the respective regions shown in FIG.

従って、式(3)で表される放物線を稜線とする切れ刃２を設計すれば、工具軸Ｔａｘ方向の単位長さ当たりの稜線が切削するワークの体積を一定にすることができる。但し、曲率が連続的に変化する放物線を稜線とする切れ刃２を製造することは製造コストの増加に繋がる。   Therefore, if the cutting edge 2 having the parabola represented by the expression (3) as the ridgeline is designed, the volume of the workpiece cut by the ridgeline per unit length in the tool axis Tax direction can be made constant. However, manufacturing the cutting edge 2 having a parabola whose curvature changes continuously as a ridge line leads to an increase in manufacturing cost.

そこで、放物線を近似する不連続な線分を稜線とする切れ刃２を設計することが好適である。尚、楕円の一部も局所的には放物線と同等な曲線とみなすことができる場合がある。従って、放物線の代わりに近似的に楕円に沿う線対称かつ不連続な線が投影面上に描かれるように切れ刃２の形状を設計することもできる。その場合においても、楕円を近似する不連続な線分を稜線とする切れ刃２を設計することが切れ刃２の製造コストの低減化に繋がる。つまり、放物線又は楕円を多角近似した折れ線又は不連続な曲線を稜線とする多角ドリルの切れ刃２を設計することが好適である。   Therefore, it is preferable to design the cutting edge 2 having a discontinuous line segment approximating a parabola as a ridge line. A part of the ellipse may be locally regarded as a curve equivalent to a parabola. Therefore, the shape of the cutting edge 2 can be designed so that a line symmetric and discontinuous line approximately along an ellipse is drawn on the projection plane instead of a parabola. Even in that case, designing the cutting edge 2 having a discontinuous line segment approximating an ellipse as a ridge line leads to a reduction in manufacturing cost of the cutting edge 2. That is, it is preferable to design the cutting edge 2 of a polygon drill having a polygonal approximation of a parabola or an ellipse or a discontinuous curve as a ridgeline.

例えば、切れ刃２の形状を複数の直線的な線分を不連続に連結した形状とする場合には、図１に例示されるように切れ刃２の形状をそれぞれ両端の位置が放物線上となる６本以上の直線的な線分を不連続に連結した線対称な折れ線が不連続な線として投影面上に描かれる形状とすれば、特定の係数bを有する放物線を近似した切れ刃２を設計することができる。換言すれば異なる３つ以上の複数の先端角を有し、複数の先端角を形成する複数の稜線の各両端の位置が単一又は複数の放物線上となる切れ刃２を設計することが好適な切れ刃２の設計条件となる。   For example, when the shape of the cutting edge 2 is a shape in which a plurality of linear line segments are discontinuously connected, the shape of the cutting edge 2 is set so that the positions of both ends are on the parabola as illustrated in FIG. If a line-symmetric broken line obtained by discontinuously connecting six or more straight line segments is drawn on the projection plane as a discontinuous line, the cutting edge 2 approximates a parabola having a specific coefficient b. Can be designed. In other words, it is preferable to design the cutting edge 2 having a plurality of different tip angles of three or more, and the positions of both ends of the plurality of ridge lines forming the plurality of tip angles being on a single or a plurality of parabolas. This is the design condition for the sharp cutting edge 2.

また、工具軸Ｔａｘに線対称な２つの放物線も、局所的には工具軸Ｔａｘに線対称な単一の放物線と同等な曲線とみなすことができる場合がある。そこで、単一の放物線の代わりに２つの放物線に沿う線対称かつ不連続な線が投影面上に描かれるように切れ刃２の形状を設計することもできる。   In addition, two parabolas that are line-symmetric with respect to the tool axis Tax may be locally regarded as curves equivalent to a single parabola that is line-symmetric with respect to the tool axis Tax. Therefore, the shape of the cutting edge 2 can be designed so that a line symmetric and discontinuous line along two parabolas is drawn on the projection plane instead of a single parabola.

図３は、２つの放物線に沿うようにドリル１の切れ刃２の形状を設計した例を示す図である。   FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example in which the shape of the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 is designed so as to follow two parabolas.

図３に示すように、工具軸Ｔａｘに線対称な２つの放物線に沿うようにドリル１の切れ刃２の形状を設計することもできる。   As shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 can be designed so as to follow two parabolas that are line-symmetric with respect to the tool axis Tax.

次に、ドリル１の製造方法について説明する。   Next, a method for manufacturing the drill 1 will be described.

ドリル１は任意の方法で製造することができる。具体例としては、切削又は研削による機械加工の他、粉末を焼き固める焼結法が挙げられる。これは、シャンク３に切れ刃２を形成したソリッドタイプのドリル１を製造する場合に限らず、切れ刃２をチップとして製造する場合においても同様である。   The drill 1 can be manufactured by any method. Specific examples include a sintering method in which powder is baked and hardened in addition to machining by cutting or grinding. This is not limited to the case where the solid type drill 1 in which the cutting edge 2 is formed on the shank 3 is manufactured, and the same applies to the case where the cutting edge 2 is manufactured as a chip.

具体的にはドリル１を製造するためには、まずドリル１の素材がセットする工程が実施される。次に、工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に回転させた場合における稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに平行な投影面に投影した場合に、単一又は２つの放物線又は楕円に沿う線対称かつ不連続な線が投影面上に描かれる形状を有する切れ刃２を、セットされた素材を用いて形成する工程が実施される。   Specifically, in order to manufacture the drill 1, first, a step of setting the material of the drill 1 is performed. Next, when the passing region of the ridge line when rotating around the tool axis Tax is projected onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis Tax, a line symmetric and discontinuous line along one or two parabolas or an ellipse A step of forming the cutting edge 2 having a shape drawn on the projection plane by using the set material is performed.

例えば、機械加工によってソリッドタイプのドリル１を製造する場合には、棒状の素材がドリル加工機にセットされる。そして、棒状の素材に対する切削又は研削によって上述したような構造を有する切れ刃２が形成される。   For example, when manufacturing the solid type drill 1 by machining, a rod-shaped material is set in a drilling machine. And the cutting blade 2 which has a structure as mentioned above is formed by cutting or grinding with respect to a rod-shaped raw material.

一方、焼結法によってドリル１を製造する場合には、切れ刃２の形状及び構造に対応する型に超硬材料等の粉末が素材としてセットされる。そして、粉末の焼結によって切れ刃２が形成される。   On the other hand, when the drill 1 is manufactured by the sintering method, powder such as super hard material is set as a raw material in a mold corresponding to the shape and structure of the cutting edge 2. The cutting edge 2 is formed by sintering the powder.

つまり以上のようなドリル１は、放物線又は楕円に沿って不連続な稜線を形成した多角ドリルである。   That is, the drill 1 as described above is a polygonal drill in which discontinuous ridge lines are formed along a parabola or an ellipse.

このため、ドリル１によれば、切れ刃２の各部分によって切削されるワークの体積を均一にすることができる。その結果、切れ刃２に沿う方向における切削抵抗を均一にすることができる。切削抵抗が均一になれば、複合材の加工において顕著な剥離（デラミネーション）の低減に加え、バリの発生を低減できるという効果が得られる。このため、ワークに良好な加工面を形成することができる。他方、ドリル１の摩耗を低減させることによって、ドリル１の寿命を向上させることができる。   For this reason, according to the drill 1, the volume of the workpiece | work cut by each part of the cutting blade 2 can be made uniform. As a result, the cutting resistance in the direction along the cutting edge 2 can be made uniform. If the cutting resistance becomes uniform, the effect of reducing the occurrence of burrs can be obtained in addition to the remarkable reduction of delamination in the processing of the composite material. For this reason, a favorable processed surface can be formed on the workpiece. On the other hand, the life of the drill 1 can be improved by reducing the wear of the drill 1.

しかも、ドリル１の切れ刃２の形状は、投影面上における稜線の形状を曲率が一定でない連続的な放物線等の自由曲線とする場合に比べて、単純である。このため、ドリル１の製造が従来よりも容易となる。   Moreover, the shape of the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 is simple compared to the case where the shape of the ridge line on the projection surface is a free curve such as a continuous parabola whose curvature is not constant. For this reason, manufacture of drill 1 becomes easier than before.

例えば、ドリル１の切れ刃２の形状を、投影面上において複数の曲線を不連続に連結した不連続な線が描かれる形状とすれば、製造が容易な特定の曲率を有する曲線加工又は曲面加工を繰返すことによってドリル１を製造することができる。すなわち、曲線加工又は曲面加工における曲率を連続的に変化させる範囲を限定することができる。   For example, if the shape of the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 is a shape in which a discontinuous line in which a plurality of curves are discontinuously connected is drawn on the projection plane, a curved or curved surface having a specific curvature that is easy to manufacture The drill 1 can be manufactured by repeating the processing. That is, the range in which the curvature in curve processing or curved surface processing is continuously changed can be limited.

更に、ドリル１の切れ刃２の形状を、投影面上において直線的な複数の線分を不連続に連結した折れ線が描かれる形状とすれば、ドリル１の製造コストを一層低減させることができる。例えば、切削又は研削によって切れ刃２を形成する場合であれば、切削工具又は研削工具の向きを必ずしも連続的に変化させる必要がなくなる。また、焼結法によって切れ刃２を形成する場合であっても、型の構造が簡易となり、製造コストを下げることができる。   Furthermore, if the shape of the cutting edge 2 of the drill 1 is a shape in which a broken line is formed by discontinuously connecting a plurality of straight line segments on the projection plane, the manufacturing cost of the drill 1 can be further reduced. . For example, when the cutting edge 2 is formed by cutting or grinding, it is not always necessary to continuously change the direction of the cutting tool or the grinding tool. Further, even when the cutting edge 2 is formed by a sintering method, the mold structure is simplified, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

特に、近年では、非常に微細なピッチで切れ刃２又は切れ刃２の形状に対応する型を加工することができる。従って、多数の先端角を形成することによって放物線又は楕円への近似精度を向上させることができる。これにより、ドリル１の製造コストの増加を回避しつつ、高精度な穿孔及びドリル１の寿命の向上を実現することができる。   In particular, in recent years, the cutting edge 2 or a die corresponding to the shape of the cutting edge 2 can be processed at a very fine pitch. Therefore, the accuracy of approximation to a parabola or an ellipse can be improved by forming a large number of tip angles. Thereby, while avoiding an increase in the manufacturing cost of the drill 1, it is possible to realize highly accurate drilling and an improvement in the life of the drill 1.

（第２の実施形態）
図４は本発明の第２の実施形態に係るドリルの形状を示す図である。 (Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the shape of a drill according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

図４に示された第２の実施形態におけるドリル１Ａでは、切れ刃２の稜線を設計するための近似方法が第１の実施形態におけるドリル１と異なる。第２の実施形態におけるドリル１Ａの他の構成及び作用については第１の実施形態におけるドリル１と実質的に同様である。このため、第２の実施形態におけるドリル１Ａの同一又は対応する構成要素については同符号を付して共通する事項の説明を省略する。   In the drill 1A in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the approximation method for designing the ridgeline of the cutting edge 2 is different from the drill 1 in the first embodiment. Other configurations and operations of the drill 1A in the second embodiment are substantially the same as those of the drill 1 in the first embodiment. For this reason, the same or corresponding components of the drill 1A in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of common matters is omitted.

図４において（ａ）は、切れ刃２を工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に回転させた場合における切れ刃２の稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに垂直な投影面に投影した図を示している。一方、図４において（ｂ）は、切れ刃２を工具軸Ｔａｘを中心に回転させた場合における切れ刃２の稜線の通過領域を工具軸Ｔａｘに平行な投影面に投影した図を示している。   In FIG. 4, (a) shows a diagram in which the passing area of the ridgeline of the cutting edge 2 is projected onto a projection plane perpendicular to the tool axis Tax when the cutting edge 2 is rotated around the tool axis Tax. On the other hand, FIG. 4B shows a diagram in which the passing area of the ridgeline of the cutting edge 2 is projected onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis Tax when the cutting edge 2 is rotated around the tool axis Tax. .

第１の実施形態では、両端の位置が放物線又は楕円上となるような複数の線分を連結することによって放物線又は楕円の近似を行ったが、図４に示すように放物線又は楕円に接する複数の線分を連結することによって放物線又は楕円の近似を行うこともできる。   In the first embodiment, a parabola or an ellipse is approximated by connecting a plurality of line segments whose end positions are on a parabola or an ellipse. However, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to approximate a parabola or an ellipse by connecting the line segments.

放物線の直線近似によって切れ刃２の形状を設計する場合には、図４に示すように、切れ刃２の形状は、それぞれ放物線に接する８本以上の直線的な線分を不連続に連結した線対称な折れ線が不連続な線として投影面上に描かれる形状となる。換言すれば、異なる４つ以上の複数の先端角を有し、複数の先端角を形成する複数の稜線が単一又は複数の放物線に接する切れ刃２が設計されることになる。尚、図４には、異なる４つの先端角β１、β２、β３、β４を有するドリル１Ａが示されている。   When designing the shape of the cutting edge 2 by linear approximation of a parabola, as shown in FIG. 4, the shape of the cutting edge 2 is formed by discontinuously connecting eight or more linear line segments that are in contact with the parabola. A line-symmetric broken line is drawn as a discontinuous line on the projection plane. In other words, the cutting edge 2 having a plurality of different tip angles of four or more and having a plurality of ridge lines forming a plurality of tip angles in contact with a single or a plurality of parabolas is designed. FIG. 4 shows a drill 1A having four different tip angles β1, β2, β3, β4.

このような第２の実施形態におけるドリル１Ａにおいても、第１の実施形態におけるドリル１と同様な効果を得ることができる。   Also in the drill 1A in the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the drill 1 in the first embodiment can be obtained.

（他の実施形態）
以上、特定の実施形態について記載したが、記載された実施形態は一例に過ぎず、発明の範囲を限定するものではない。ここに記載された新規な方法及び装置は、様々な他の様式で具現化することができる。また、ここに記載された方法及び装置の様式において、発明の要旨から逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置換及び変更を行うことができる。添付された請求の範囲及びその均等物は、発明の範囲及び要旨に包含されているものとして、そのような種々の様式及び変形例を含んでいる。 (Other embodiments)
Although specific embodiments have been described above, the described embodiments are merely examples, and do not limit the scope of the invention. The novel methods and apparatus described herein can be implemented in a variety of other ways. Various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made in the method and apparatus described herein without departing from the spirit of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents include such various forms and modifications as are encompassed by the scope and spirit of the invention.

１、１Ａ ドリル
２ 切れ刃
３ シャンク
Ｔａｘ 工具軸
1, 1A Drill 2 Cutting edge 3 Shank Tax Tool axis

Claims (10)

工具軸を中心に回転させた場合における稜線の通過領域を前記工具軸に平行な投影面に投影した場合に、前記工具軸を中心に線対称かつ曲率が不連続に変化する線が前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する切れ刃を有し、
前記曲率が不連続に変化する線は、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な単一の放物線の一部を近似した線であるドリル。 When the passage area of the ridge line when rotating around the tool axis is projected onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis, a line that is symmetric about the tool axis and whose curvature changes discontinuously is the projection plane. Having a cutting edge with the shape depicted above,
The line in which the curvature changes discontinuously is a drill that approximates a part of a single parabola that is axisymmetric about the tool axis. 前記切れ刃は、複数の直線的な線分を連結した折れ線であって、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な折れ線が、前記曲率が不連続に変化する線として前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する請求項１記載のドリル。   The cutting edge is a polygonal line connecting a plurality of straight line segments, and a polygonal line symmetrical about the tool axis is drawn on the projection plane as a line in which the curvature changes discontinuously. The drill according to claim 1. 前記切れ刃は、それぞれ曲率が連続的に変化する複数の曲線を連結した曲線であって、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な曲線が、前記曲率が不連続に変化する線として前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する請求項１記載のドリル。   The cutting edge is a curve obtained by connecting a plurality of curves each having a continuously changing curvature, and a line-symmetric curve about the tool axis is formed on the projection plane as a line in which the curvature changes discontinuously. The drill according to claim 1, having a shape depicted in FIG. 前記切れ刃は、それぞれ両端の位置が前記単一の放物線上となる６本以上の直線的な線分を連結した折れ線であって、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な折れ線が、前記曲率が不連続に変化する線として前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する請求項２記載のドリル。   The cutting edge is a polygonal line connecting six or more linear segments whose positions at both ends are on the single parabola, and a polygonal line symmetric about the tool axis is the curvature. The drill according to claim 2, wherein the drill has a shape drawn on the projection plane as a line that changes discontinuously. 前記切れ刃は、それぞれ前記単一の放物線に接する８本以上の直線的な線分を連結した折れ線であって、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な折れ線が、前記曲率が不連続に変化する線として前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する請求項２記載のドリル。   The cutting edge is a broken line connecting eight or more straight line segments that are in contact with the single parabola, and a bent line that is symmetrical about the tool axis changes in the curvature discontinuously. The drill according to claim 2, having a shape drawn on the projection plane as a line. 異なる３つ以上の複数の先端角を有し、前記複数の先端角を形成する複数の稜線の各両端の位置が単一の放物線上となる切れ刃を有するドリル。   A drill having a plurality of different tip angles of three or more, and a cutting edge whose positions at both ends of a plurality of ridge lines forming the plurality of tip angles are on a single parabola. 異なる４つ以上の複数の先端角を有し、前記複数の先端角を形成する複数の稜線が単一の放物線に接する切れ刃を有するドリル。   A drill having a plurality of different tip angles of four or more, and a plurality of ridgelines forming the plurality of tip angles having a cutting edge in contact with a single parabola. ドリルの素材をセットする工程と、
工具軸を中心に回転させた場合における稜線の通過領域を前記工具軸に平行な投影面に投影した場合に、前記工具軸を中心に線対称かつ曲率が不連続に変化する線が前記投影面上に描かれる形状を有する切れ刃を前記素材を用いて形成する工程と、
を有し、
前記曲率が不連続に変化する線は、前記工具軸を中心に線対称な単一の放物線の一部を近似した線であるドリルの製造方法。 The process of setting the drill material,
When the passage area of the ridge line when rotating around the tool axis is projected onto a projection plane parallel to the tool axis, a line that is symmetric about the tool axis and whose curvature changes discontinuously is the projection plane. Forming a cutting edge having the shape drawn above using the material;
Have
The method of manufacturing a drill, wherein the line in which the curvature changes discontinuously is a line that approximates a part of a single parabola that is line symmetrical about the tool axis. 前記切れ刃に対応する型に粉末を前記素材としてセットし、前記粉末の焼結によって前記切れ刃を形成する請求項８記載のドリルの製造方法。   The drill manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein powder is set as the material in a mold corresponding to the cutting edge, and the cutting edge is formed by sintering the powder. 棒状の素材をセットし、前記棒状の素材に対する切削又は研削によって前記切れ刃を形成する請求項８記載のドリルの製造方法。   The drill manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein a rod-shaped material is set, and the cutting edge is formed by cutting or grinding the rod-shaped material.
JP2016143816A 2016-07-22 2016-07-22 Drill and manufacturing method of drill Pending JP2016179543A (en)

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US10589364B2 (en) * 2016-06-22 2020-03-17 Toko Co., Ltd. Drill
WO2020245878A1 (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-10 オーエスジー株式会社 Ball end mill and cutting insert

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JPH0569214A (en) * 1991-06-04 1993-03-23 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Drilling tool
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JP2008036759A (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-21 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Drill
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JPH0569214A (en) * 1991-06-04 1993-03-23 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Drilling tool
JPH10309697A (en) * 1997-05-08 1998-11-24 Rex Ind Co Ltd Tapping blade for resin pipe drilling
JP2008036759A (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-21 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Drill
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10589364B2 (en) * 2016-06-22 2020-03-17 Toko Co., Ltd. Drill
WO2020245878A1 (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-10 オーエスジー株式会社 Ball end mill and cutting insert

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