JP2016174440A - Stator of dynamo-electric machine and dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the stator of a dynamo-electric machine capable of suppressing noise by enhancing the mechanical rigidity, while suppressing the lowering of performance more than conventional, and to provide a dynamo-electric machine.SOLUTION: In a stator, all slots 13 have an open slot part opening radially, and a closed slot part for interconnecting the adjoining pole teeth 12 by a bridge part, and are configured so that the opening and closing ratio OCR, i.e., the ratio of the open slot parts and closed slot parts, is within a first predetermined range, including the identical, for all of the plurality of slots 13. With such an arrangement, mechanical rigidity is enhanced and noise can be reduced. Furthermore, since leakage flux can be reduced compared with the stator of fully closed slot, lowering of the performance can be suppressed. In particular, a SR (Switched Reluctance) motor prone to resonance, out of the dynamo-electric machine 100, can reduce vibration and noise significantly.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator including a stator core and a stator winding, and a rotating electrical machine including the stator and a rotor.

  Conventionally, the purpose is to achieve sufficiently good constriction or complete elimination of the slot opening of the stator core while preventing the derivation of problems such as complicated manufacturing processes, increased magnetic resistance, and decreased mechanical rigidity of the stator core. An example of a technique related to a stator of a rotating electric machine is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the stator of this rotating electrical machine, a slot opening shielding portion (claw portion) extending in the circumferential direction from the teeth is provided between the short side radially inward of the slot and the inner peripheral surface of the stator core. The radial width of the slot opening shield is limited to less than the radial width of the radial gap (electromagnetic gap) between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and the rotor-facing peripheral surface of the stator core.

Japanese Patent No. 3744461

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, although the radial width of the slot opening shielding portion is limited to less than the radial width of the radial gap, it cannot be extremely narrowed depending on the manufacturing method, and the performance due to leakage magnetic flux. There was a problem that (especially torque) decreased.

  The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stator for a rotating electrical machine and a rotating electrical machine that can suppress noise by increasing mechanical rigidity while suppressing deterioration in performance as compared with the prior art. And

  In order to solve the above problems, a first invention is a stator core (10) provided with a plurality of magnetic pole teeth (12) and a plurality of slots (13), and wound in the slots. In the stator (30) of the rotating electrical machine having the stator winding (20), all the slots are bridges between the open slot portions (13a) opening in the radial direction and the adjacent magnetic pole teeth. And an open / close ratio (open / close ratio; OCR), which is an axial ratio between the open slot portion and the closed slot portion, for all the slots. It is configured to be within a first predetermined range including the same.

  According to this configuration, all the slots have not only the open slot portion but also the closed slot portion, and the opening / closing ratio is within the first predetermined range including the same, so that the mechanical rigidity is improved and the inherent The frequency can be increased. Further, not only the open slot portion but also the closed slot portion is partially provided, and the leakage magnetic flux can be reduced with respect to the fully closed slot structure, so that a decrease in performance (particularly torque) can be suppressed. The “first predetermined range including the same” relating to the open / close ratio includes a range that can be regarded as the same according to the number of stacked layers, the number of slots, and the like in addition to the same.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the stator iron core is configured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates, and the electromagnetic steel plates correspond to the open / close ratio, the slots having the open slot portions, and the closed slots. The stator iron core is formed by sequentially laminating the electrical steel sheets so that the closed slot portion is disposed in a second predetermined range including all the slots equally in the axial direction. Configured.

  According to this configuration, since the stator iron core sequentially laminates the plurality of electromagnetic steel plates having the open slot portion and the closed slot portion, the mechanical rigidity can be improved and the natural frequency can be increased. In addition, since the stator core can be manufactured using electromagnetic steel sheets having the same shape, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced by mass production of the electromagnetic steel sheets. The “second predetermined range including equality” related to the arrangement of the closed slot portions includes a range that can be regarded as equal according to the number of stacked layers, the number of slots, and the like in addition to equality.

  The third invention is characterized in that the bridge portion is connected in a direction perpendicular to the radial side of the slot.

  According to this configuration, the bridge portion is provided at an intermediate position in the radial direction in the slot. Even if a bridge is provided at an intermediate position, mechanical rigidity (axial rigidity, bending rigidity, shear rigidity, torsional rigidity, etc.) can be improved, natural frequency can be increased, and performance degradation can be further suppressed. .

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the slot is formed so that surfaces corresponding to radial sides of the magnetic pole teeth are parallel to each other.

  According to this configuration, since the opposing surfaces of the magnetic pole teeth constituting the slot are formed in parallel, the segment conductor having a quadrangular cross section can be accommodated. Since the segment conductor does not need to be specially processed, the cost can be suppressed, and the manufacturing cost of the stator can also be suppressed.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotating electrical machine including the stator of the rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a rotor that is rotatably supported.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine that suppresses a decrease in performance as compared with the prior art and increases mechanical rigidity to suppress noise.

  The “rotating electric machine” is optional as long as it is a device having a rotating part (for example, a shaft or a shaft). For example, a generator, a motor, a motor generator, and the like are applicable. An inner rotor type in which the rotor is arranged inside the stator may be used, or an outer rotor type in which the rotor is arranged outside the stator. The “magnetic pole teeth” are portions formed by extending (projecting) radially outward or inward from the back yoke, and are also referred to as “teeth”. A “slot” is a space formed between adjacent magnetic pole teeth, and is a portion in which a stator winding is accommodated. The “open / close ratio” may be arbitrarily set as long as it is a ratio of the open slot portion to the closed slot portion. For example, one or more of the area, the circumferential width, the radial width, and the like are applicable, and it does not matter whether the ratio is an integer. The “segment conductor” is formed of any material having conductivity (for example, copper, aluminum, iron, alloy, etc.), and may have any shape or number.

It is a perspective view which shows typically the 1st structural example of a stator core. It is a perspective view which shows typically the 1st example of formation of an electromagnetic steel plate. It is a top view which shows typically the 1st example of formation of an electromagnetic steel plate. It is a perspective view which shows typically the 2nd example of formation of an electromagnetic steel plate. It is a top view which shows typically the 2nd example of formation of an electromagnetic steel plate. It is a top view which expands and schematically shows a part of electromagnetic steel plate. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 1st axial direction ratio of an open slot part and a closed slot part. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 2nd axial direction ratio of an open slot site | part and a closed slot site | part. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 3rd axial direction ratio of an open slot part and a closed slot part. It is a side view which shows typically the accommodation process of a segment conductor. It is a top view which shows typically the structural example of the stator seen from the XI direction of FIG. It is a side view which shows the connection of segment conductors typically. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of a rotary electric machine typically. It is a graph which shows the example of a relationship between a torque ripple rate and the bias | inclination of a lamination | stacking. It is a graph which shows the example of a relationship between a natural frequency and the bias of a lamination | stacking. It is a graph which shows the example of a relationship between a natural frequency and bridge width. It is a graph which shows the example of a relationship between a static torque and bridge width. It is a top view which shows typically the 2nd structural example of an electromagnetic steel plate. It is a top view which expands and schematically shows a part of electromagnetic steel plate. It is a graph which shows the example of a relationship between a natural frequency and a bridge position. It is a graph which shows the example of a relationship between a static torque and a bridge position. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of a laminated body typically. It is a top view which shows typically the 3rd structural example of an electromagnetic steel plate. It is a top view which shows typically the 4th structural example of an electromagnetic steel plate. It is a top view which shows typically the 5th structural example of an electromagnetic steel plate.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that unless otherwise specified, “connecting” means electrically connecting. Each figure shows elements necessary for explaining the present invention, and does not necessarily show all actual elements. When referring to directions such as up, down, left and right, the description in the drawings is used as a reference.

  Alphanumeric continuous codes are abbreviated using the symbol “˜”. Unless otherwise specified, the letter of the sign means another element in uppercase and lowercase letters. For example, the electromagnetic steel plate 11A and the electromagnetic steel plate 11a shown in FIG. 2 are other elements in which the inclusion relationship is established. “Wound” means to wind, and is used synonymously with “winding” to wind. Unless otherwise specified, “outside” means the outer diameter side or outer periphery side in the radial direction, and “inner side” means the inner diameter side or inner periphery side in the radial direction.

[Embodiment 1]
The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. A stator core 10 shown in FIG. 1 is formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11A in the axial direction (stacking direction). The number L1 of laminations that is the number of electromagnetic steel plates 11A to be laminated may be arbitrarily set. In this embodiment, L1 = 4 is applied.

  The electromagnetic steel plate 11 </ b> A is an example of the electromagnetic steel plate 11. This electromagnetic steel sheet 11A has a plurality of magnetic pole teeth 12, a plurality of slots 13, a back yoke 14, and the like. The magnetic pole teeth 12 are portions that extend (project) from the back yoke 14 in the radial direction (see FIG. 6). The slot 13 is a space formed between the adjacent magnetic pole teeth 12 and is a portion in which a stator winding 20 (see FIGS. 10 to 13) described later is accommodated. The number of magnetic pole teeth 12 and slots 13 may be set arbitrarily. However, since the magnetic pole teeth 12 and the slots 13 are alternately arranged, the number is the same. The back yoke 14 is a part formed in an annular shape (including a cylindrical shape). The electromagnetic steel plate 11A shown in FIG. 1 is an example in which the magnetic steel plates 11a to 11d are laminated in four layers, and the magnetic pole teeth 12 and the slots 13 are set to “18”. The electromagnetic steel plates 11a to 11d are all examples of the electromagnetic steel plate 11A.

  When the stator core 10 is formed, the steel sheets 11a to 11d are sequentially laminated in the axial direction while rotating in the circumferential direction. The circumferential direction may be clockwise or counterclockwise. For example, the electromagnetic steel sheets 11b to 11d are sequentially stacked while being rotated by the angle θ with the electromagnetic steel sheet 11a as a reference. The angle θ is θ = 360 / N [degrees] where the number of slots, which is the number of slots 13, is “N”. The number N of slots may be set arbitrarily. If the electromagnetic steel sheet 11a is used as a reference (θ = 0 [degrees]), the electromagnetic steel sheet 11b is rotated by an angle θ, the electromagnetic steel sheet 11c is rotated by an angle 2θ, and the electromagnetic steel sheet 11d is rotated by an angle 3θ.

  FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show the postures (stacking states) of the electromagnetic steel plates 11a and 11c. The postures of the electromagnetic steel plate 11b and the electromagnetic steel plate 11d are shown in FIGS. The electromagnetic steel plates 11a and 11c shown in FIG. 2 have an axial thickness Ha, and the electromagnetic steel plates 11b and 11d shown in FIG. 4 have an axial thickness Hb. In this embodiment, Ha = Hb is applied and is set to 0.3 to 0.5 [mm].

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the slot 13 has an open slot portion 13a and a closed slot portion 13b. Details of the open slot portion 13a and the closed slot portion 13b will be described later (see FIG. 6). In this embodiment, the open / close ratio that is the ratio of the open slot portion 13a and the closed slot portion 13b in the axial direction with respect to the slot is set as OCR, and 1: 1 is applied. The electromagnetic steel plates 11a to 11d are formed with an open slot portion 13a: closed slot portion 13b = 1: 1 in the circumferential direction, respectively. A configuration example of the electrical steel sheet 11 having an opening / closing ratio OCR other than 1: 1 will be described later (see FIGS. 23 to 25).

  Since OCR = 1: 1, the electromagnetic steel sheet 11a and the electromagnetic steel sheet 11c shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 have the same posture (even multiples of θ). Similarly, the electromagnetic steel plate 11b and the electromagnetic steel plate 11d shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 also have the same posture (odd multiple of θ). Therefore, instead of the formation method of laminating while sequentially increasing the angle θ described above, the electrical steel sheet 11a (11c) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the electrical steel sheet 11b (11d) shown in FIGS. It may be formed by laminating. As a result, the stator core 10 shown in FIG. 1 can be formed by any forming method.

  FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the open slot portion 13a and the closed slot portion 13b. The open slot portion 13 a is a portion of the slot 13 that opens in the radial direction. The closed slot portion 13b is a portion that connects the adjacent magnetic pole teeth 12 in the slot 13 with a bridge portion Br. The slot 13 may be formed so that the surfaces SF1 and SF2 corresponding to the radial sides of the magnetic pole teeth 12 are parallel to each other. Thus, the segment conductor 21 (see FIGS. 10 and 11) having a square cross section can be easily accommodated. The segment conductor 21 is also referred to as a “coil”, and the segment conductor 21 having a square cross section is also referred to as a “flat wire”.

  The leakage flux φ flows from one magnetic pole tooth 12 to the other magnetic pole tooth 12 through the bridge portion Br. The flow of the leakage magnetic flux φ is not limited to the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, but may be reversed depending on the direction in which current flows through the stator winding 20 described later, the direction in which the stator winding 20 is wound, or the like. .

  The bridge portion Br has a bridge width W that is a thickness in the radial direction, and a leakage flux φ flows between the adjacent magnetic pole teeth 12. The bridge width W may be set arbitrarily. As the bridge width W is set smaller, the magnetic flux is less likely to leak and the performance is improved. The bridge portion Br of the formation example shown in FIG. 6 is located at the tip of the magnetic pole tooth 12 and is formed with a curved surface so as to be smooth with the tip surface of the adjacent magnetic pole tooth 12. The curved surface is arbitrary as long as it is formed smoothly, and includes, for example, an arcuate curved surface based on the radius R from the center point CP of the stator core 10.

  7 to 9 show configuration examples of the open slot portion 13 a and the closed slot portion 13 b in the axial direction of the slot 13. On the inner side (inner peripheral surface) of the stator core 10, the open slot portion 13 a and the closed slot portion 13 b are arranged so as to satisfy the open / close ratio OCR = 1: 1 as a whole. Although the stacking number L1 = 4 to 6 is shown, the same applies to the stacking number L1 ≧ 7.

  The arrangement example shown in FIG. 7 is an example of the stator core 10 (see FIG. 1) in which the electromagnetic steel plates 11A are laminated with the number of lamination L1 = 4. The arrangement example shown in FIG. 8 is an example of the stator core 10 (see FIG. 1) in which the electromagnetic steel plates 11A are laminated with the number of lamination L1 = 6. When the number of stacked layers L1 is an even number, the arrangement shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 8 (A) and the arrangement shown in FIGS. ), And the arrangement shown in FIG. At this time, all the slots 13 are “identical” with respect to the open / close rate OCR, and “equal” with respect to the arrangement of the closed slot portions 13b.

  The arrangement example shown in FIG. 9 is an example of the stator core 10 in which the electromagnetic steel plates 11A are laminated with the number of laminations L1 = 5. In order for the inner side of the stator core 10 to be closest to the open / close ratio OCR = 1: 1 as a whole, the arrangement shown in FIG. 9A and the arrangement shown in FIG. 9B need to be the same number. When the number of stacks L1 is an odd number, the open / close rate OCR does not become the same (1: 1) in all slots 13 no matter how the stacks are stacked. Therefore, the stack with the open / close rate OCR closest to 1: 1 is performed. Just do it. Since the open / close rate OCR at this time is a range that can be regarded as the same, it is included in the “first predetermined range”. When stacked while being rotated by an angle θ, the result is as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.

  Further, since the closed slot portions 13b cannot be arranged uniformly in the axial direction, they may be stacked so that the closed slot portions 13b are arranged within the second predetermined range including the equality. Here, it is assumed that the number of closed slot portions 13b in the slot 13 is m (m is an integer of 1 or more). At this time, 2m ± 1 is included in the “second predetermined range” because it is a range that can be regarded as equal to 2m. The same applies to the total area of the slots 13 facing the rotor 102, not limited to the number of closed slot portions 13b, but the total area of the closed slot portions 13b. That is, the total area of the closed slot portion 13b at 2 m and the total area of the closed slot portion 13b at 2m ± 1 are within the “second predetermined range” because they are ranges that can be regarded as being equal.

  FIG. 10 shows a process of accommodating the segment conductor 21 which is a part of the stator winding 20 in the stator core 10 configured as described above. There are many segment conductors 21 constituting the stator winding 20, and they are formed in a predetermined shape. In other words, the stator winding 20 is composed of segment conductors 21 divided into a large number. In this embodiment, a U-shape as illustrated is applied as the predetermined shape of the segment conductor 21.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the segment conductor 21 is moved along the direction of the arrow D <b> 1 (axial direction) and accommodated in the slot 13. The state after the accommodation is shown in FIG. When the surfaces SF1 and SF2 are formed in parallel, the segment conductors 21 can be easily aligned and accommodated in the slot 13 as shown in FIG.

  The segment conductor 21 accommodated in the slot 13 in the axial direction connects the end portions 21a to each other on the axially outer side (coil end) of the stator core 10 as in the connection portion J shown in FIG. The connection method is arbitrary as long as it is conductive, and for example, joining such as welding or soldering is applicable. The stator winding 20 is wound around the stator core 10 by connecting a number of segment conductors 21 to each other. In this way, the stator 30 (stator) shown in FIG. 11 can be manufactured.

  The rotating electrical machine 100 shown in FIG. 13 can be manufactured by assembling the stator 30 and the rotor 102 (rotor) described above into the housing 101. The rotating electrical machine 100 is an example of an inner rotor type, and corresponds to a generator, a motor, a motor generator, and the like.

  A rotating electrical machine 100 illustrated in FIG. 13 includes a housing 101, a bearing 103 (bearing), a rotating shaft 106, and the like in addition to the stator 30 and the rotor 102.

  The stator 30 includes a stator core 10 and a stator winding 20. The rotor 102 is rotatably arranged on the inner diameter side of the stator 30 through a gap. The rotor 102 may be configured in any way as long as the magnetic flux flows between the rotor 102 and the stator 30. The rotating shaft 106 is rotatably supported by the housing 101 via a bearing 103. The rotation shaft 106 is fixed directly or indirectly to the rotor 102 or is integrally formed with the rotor 102. In any case, the rotating shaft 106 and the rotor 102 rotate in cooperation. The housing 101 includes a frame, a housing, and the like, and may be formed of any shape and material as long as it can accommodate the stator 30, the rotor 102, the rotating shaft 106, and the like.

  The control device 105 is a device that controls the rotation of the rotating electrical machine 100 (specifically, the rotor 102), and corresponds to, for example, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) or a computer. The control device 105 includes at least an inverter that converts electric power, and may further include a converter that converts voltage. The rotating electrical machine 100 (that is, the end of the stator winding 20) and the control device 105 are connected by a connection line 104.

  Various characteristics of the rotating electrical machine 100 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 14 shows an example of a characteristic line CL1 in which the vertical axis is the torque ripple rate TR and the horizontal axis is the stacking bias. The characteristic line CL1 is constant at the torque ripple rate TR1 even when the lamination is biased and the open / close rate OCR is not equal in each slot 13.

  FIG. 15 shows an example of a characteristic line CL2 in which the vertical axis is the natural frequency F (specifically, the natural frequency of the sixth annular ring) and the horizontal axis is the stacking bias. The characteristic line CL2 was lower than the frequency f1 between 1: 4 and 0: 1. On the other hand, when the stacking bias was from 1: 1 to 3: 7, the frequency f2 was higher than the frequency f1. Although not shown, the same result can be obtained for the natural frequency F other than the natural frequency of the sixth-order ring, but the natural frequency increases even if the stacking bias increases due to the relationship between the number of slots and the circumferential ratio of the open / close slots. There are also orders that do not vary (for example, the fifth-order natural frequency of an annulus in the case where the number of slots is 18 and the open slot portion 13a: closed slot portion 13b = 1: 1).

  The “lamination of lamination” shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 is a case where the plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 11A are not laminated while being rotated for each angle θ, and the lamination state is uneven. In other words, the stator core 10 has an opening / closing rate OCR that varies depending on the slot 13. For example, an open slot portion 13a: closed slot portion 13b = 0: 1 shown in FIG. 15 is obtained by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11A without rotating at all, and a slot 13 including only the open slot portion 13a and a closed slot portion 13b. This is a stator core 10 composed of a slot 13 consisting of only the above. As the ratio of the open slot portion 13a increases, the left side of FIGS. 14 and 15 changes. For comparison, an open slot portion 13a: closed slot portion 13b = 1: 1 shown on the leftmost side of FIGS. 14 and 15 is a stator core 10 formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11A while rotating each angle θ. Yes (see Figure 1).

  FIG. 16 shows an example of a characteristic line CL3 in which the vertical axis is the natural frequency F (specifically, the natural frequency of the 6th ring) and the horizontal axis is the bridge width W. The characteristic line CL3 has a frequency f10 when the bridge width W is 0 [mm] (that is, no bridge portion Br), and a frequency f11 when the bridge width W11 (for example, 0.3 [mm]). When the width is W12 (for example, 1.0 [mm]), the frequency is f12. The magnitude relationship is f10 <f11 <f12. As the bridge width W increases from 0 to the bridge width W11, the natural frequency F also increases proportionally. On the other hand, when the bridge width W exceeds the bridge width W11, the increase rate of the natural frequency F decreases and becomes flat. Even if the bridge width W is larger than the bridge width W12, the increase rate of the natural frequency F does not reach the range up to the bridge width W11.

  As the bridge width W increases, the accommodation area of the stator winding 20 decreases. From the viewpoint of securing a large accommodation area for the stator winding 20, the bridge width W may be set between the bridge width W11 and the bridge width W12. Although not shown, similar results were obtained for natural frequencies F other than the natural frequency of the sixth order of the ring.

  FIG. 17 shows an example of a characteristic line CL4 in which the vertical axis is the static torque T and the horizontal axis is the bridge width W. The characteristic line CL4 has the torque T12 when the bridge width W is 0 [mm], the torque T11 when the bridge width W21 (for example, 0.55 [mm]), and the bridge width W22 (for example, 1.0 [for example]). mm]). The magnitude relationship is T10 <T11 <T12. Since the static torque T also decreases proportionally as the bridge width W increases, the bridge width W may be set small to obtain a high static torque T.

  According to the characteristic lines shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, in order to increase the static torque T while increasing the natural frequency F, the bridge width W may be set between the bridge width W11 and the bridge width W21. The magnitude relationship of the bridge width W is W11 <W21.

[Embodiment 2]
The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. For simplicity of illustration and description, unless otherwise specified, the same elements as those used in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Therefore, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

  An electromagnetic steel plate 11 </ b> B illustrated in FIG. 18 is an example of the electromagnetic steel plate 11. This electromagnetic steel plate 11B has a plurality of magnetic pole teeth 12, a plurality of slots 13, a back yoke 14 and the like, similarly to the electromagnetic steel plate 11A shown in the first embodiment. The electromagnetic steel plate 11B is different from the electromagnetic steel plate 11A in the position of the bridge portion Br. That is, the electromagnetic steel plate 11A is different in that the bridge portion Br is positioned at the tip of the magnetic pole teeth 12 while the electromagnetic steel plate 11B is positioned in the middle other than the tip. Hereinafter, the position of the bridge portion Br is referred to as “bridge position P” (see FIG. 19). In the bridge position P, the base of the magnetic pole teeth 12 (back yoke 14 side) is set to 0 [%], and the tip of the magnetic pole teeth 12 (rotor 102 side) is set to 100 [%].

  As shown in FIG. 19, the bridge portion Br positioned in the middle is connected between the adjacent magnetic pole teeth 12 in a direction perpendicular to the radial sides (surfaces SF1, SF2) of the slot 13. The Similarly to the electromagnetic steel sheet 11A shown in the first embodiment, the mechanical rigidity of the stator core 10 can be improved by providing the electromagnetic steel sheet 11B with the bridge portion Br.

  The point which forms the stator core 10 by laminating | stacking the some electromagnetic steel plate 11B for every angle (theta) to an axial direction is the same as that of Embodiment 1. FIG. Further, the stator coil 20 is wound by accommodating and connecting the segment conductor 21 to the stator core 10 to manufacture the stator 30 as in the first embodiment.

  Various characteristics of the rotating electrical machine 100 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 20 shows an example of a characteristic line CL5 in which the vertical axis is the natural frequency F (specifically, the annular sixth-order natural frequency) and the horizontal axis is the bridge position P. The characteristic line CL5 has a frequency f20 when the bridge position P is the bridge position P10 (0 [%]; no bridge portion Br), and a frequency f21 when the bridge position P11 (for example, 65 [%]). The frequency is f22 at the bridge position P12 (100 [%]). The magnitude relationship is f20 <f21 <f22. As the bridge position P increases from the bridge position P10 to the bridge position P11, the natural frequency F also increases proportionally. On the other hand, when the bridge position P exceeds the bridge position P11, the increase rate of the natural frequency F decreases and becomes flat. In order to suppress noise due to vibration, the bridge position P is preferably set between the bridge position P11 and the bridge position P12. Although not shown, similar results were obtained for natural frequencies F other than the natural frequency of the sixth order of the ring.

  FIG. 21 shows an example of a characteristic line CL6 in which the vertical axis is the static torque T and the horizontal axis is the bridge position P. The characteristic line CL6 is the torque T22 when the bridge position P is the bridge position P20 (0 [%]), the torque T21 when the bridge position P21 (for example, 80 [%]), and the bridge position P22 (for example, 100). [%]), The torque T20. The magnitude relationship is T20 <T21 <T22. Since the static torque T decreases proportionally as the bridge position P increases, the bridge position P may be set small to obtain a high static torque T.

  According to the characteristic lines shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, in order to increase the static torque T while increasing the natural frequency F, the bridge position P may be set between the bridge position P11 and the bridge position P21. The magnitude relationship of the bridge position P is P11 <P21.

[Embodiment 3]
The third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. For simplicity of illustration and description, unless otherwise specified, the same elements as those used in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Therefore, differences from Embodiments 1 and 2 will be mainly described.

  The laminated body 11C shown in FIG. 22 is obtained by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11A and a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11B in the same posture with the same angle θ. For example, the stacking is performed in the posture shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, or the stacking is performed in the posture shown in FIGS. The lamination number L2 of the electromagnetic steel plates 11 forming the laminate 11C may be arbitrarily set. The thickness Hc of the stacked body 11C may also be set arbitrarily. FIG. 22 shows an example in which the laminated body 11C is formed by laminating the electromagnetic steel sheets 11a with the number of laminated layers L2 = 9.

  The point which forms the stator core 10 by laminating | stacking the some laminated body 11C for every angle (theta) to an axial direction is the same as that of Embodiment 1,2. The number of stacked layers L3 that form the stator core 10 by stacking the stacked bodies 11C may be arbitrarily set. Further, the stator coil 20 is wound by housing and connecting the segment conductor 21 to the stator core 10 to manufacture the stator 30 in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the characteristics of the rotating electrical machine 100 are the same as those in the first and second embodiments (see FIGS. 14 to 17, 20, and 21).

[Embodiment 4]
The fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. For simplicity of illustration and description, unless otherwise specified, the same elements as those used in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Therefore, differences from Embodiments 1 to 3 will be mainly described.

  The electromagnetic steel plate 11D shown in FIG. 23, the electromagnetic steel plate 11E shown in FIG. 24, and the electromagnetic steel plate 11F shown in FIG. 25 have electromagnetic ratios other than 1: 1 when the open / close rate OCR is laminated when the open / close rate is equal in each slot. It is an example of a steel plate. The open / close ratio OCR of the electromagnetic steel sheet 11D is 2: 1. The open / close ratio OCR of the electromagnetic steel sheet 11E is 1: 2. The open / close ratio OCR of the electromagnetic steel sheet 11F is 5: 1. However, the magnetic pole teeth 12 and the slots 13 are “18” as in the first to third embodiments. Therefore, when the stator core 10 is formed, the electromagnetic steel plates 11D to 11F are stacked while being rotated by the angle θ.

  The point which manufactures the stator 30 by winding the stator coil | winding 20 by accommodating and connecting the segment conductor 21 with respect to the stator core 10 formed using the electromagnetic steel plates 11D-11F is an implementation. It is the same as the first to third embodiments. Therefore, the characteristics of the rotating electrical machine 100 are the same as those in the first to third embodiments (see FIGS. 14 to 17, 20, and 21).

[Other Embodiments]
In the above, although the form for implementing this invention was demonstrated according to Embodiment 1-4, this invention is not limited to the said form at all. In other words, various forms can be implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the following forms may be realized.

  In the first to fourth embodiments described above, an integer ratio is applied to the open / close rate OCR, which is the ratio of the open slot portion 13a and the closed slot portion 13b (FIGS. 1 to 5, FIG. 18, FIG. 22 to FIG. 25). Instead of this form, a real number ratio excluding integers may be applied. Since the setting of the ratio is merely different, the same effect as in the first to fourth embodiments can be obtained.

  In the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the magnetic pole teeth 12 and the slots 13 provided on the electromagnetic steel sheet 11 are set to “18” (see FIGS. 1 to 5, 18, and 22 to 25). . Instead of this form, a numerical value other than 18 may be set. Since the number of the magnetic pole teeth 12 and the number of slots 13 are merely different, the same effect as in the first to fourth embodiments can be obtained.

  In Embodiment 1-4 mentioned above, it was set as the structure which sets thickness Ha and Hb of the electromagnetic steel plate 11 to 0.3-0.5 [mm] (FIGS. 1-5, FIG. 18, FIG. 22-25). reference). Instead of this form, it may be thinner than 0.3 [mm] or thicker than 0.5 [mm]. Since only the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet 11 is different, the same effect as the first to fourth embodiments can be obtained.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the stator core 10 is formed by laminating the electromagnetic steel sheets 11 with the number L1 = 4 (see FIGS. 1 to 3, 10, and 12). Instead of this form, the number of stacked layers L1 may be set to a number other than 4 (for example, 2, 3 or 5 to thousands), and the set number of electromagnetic steel sheets 11 may be stacked and formed. Since the number of stacked layers L1 is merely different, the same effect as in the first and second embodiments can be obtained. This also applies to the number of stacked layers L2 that form the stacked body 11C shown in FIG. 22 of the third embodiment, and the same applies to the number of stacked layers L3 that form the stator core 10 by stacking the stacked bodies 11C. .

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the stator core 10 is formed by laminating the electromagnetic steel plates 11 (11A to 11F) having the open slot portion 13a and the closed slot portion 13b (FIGS. 1 to 5). (See FIGS. 18 and 22 to 25). Instead of this form, the electrical steel sheet 11 in which only the open slot portion 13a is formed or only the closed slot portion 13b is provided on condition that the open / close rate OCR is within the first predetermined range including the same for all the slots 13. You may include the electromagnetic steel plate 11 formed. Even if it is the stator core 10 containing such an electromagnetic steel plate 11, the effect similar to Embodiment 1-4 is obtained.

  In Embodiment 1-4 mentioned above, it was set as the structure which laminates | stacks the some electromagnetic steel plate 11 and forms the stator core 10 (refer FIG. 1, FIG. 22). Instead of this form, the stator core 10 may be formed by casting. As a result, the stator core 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the like is formed, so that all the slots 13 have an open slot portion 13a and a closed slot portion 13b, and all the slots 13 have the same open / close ratio OCR. 1 Within a predetermined range. Therefore, the same effect as Embodiments 1 to 4 can be obtained.

  In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the stator core 10 is formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11 (11A to 11F) in the axial direction while rotating each angle θ (FIGS. 1 to 5). , FIG. 18 and FIGS. 22 to 25). Instead of this form, the stator core 10 may be formed by laminating in the axial direction while rotating every angle other than the angle θ. Although the slot 13 is formed in a direction (diagonal direction) intersecting with the axial direction, it is sufficient that the open / close rate OCR is within the first predetermined range including the same for all the slots 13. Therefore, the same effect as Embodiments 1 to 4 can be obtained.

  In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the stator core 10 is applied to the inner rotor type rotating electrical machine 100 (see FIG. 13). Instead of this form, although not shown, a configuration applied to the outer rotor type rotating electrical machine 100 may be adopted. The outer rotor type is in contrast with the inner rotor type in the radial direction, and the open slot portion 13a and the closed slot portion 13b appear outside. Since the outer rotor type open / close ratio OCR is the same as that of the inner rotor type, the same effects as those of the first to fourth embodiments can be obtained.

[Function and effect]
According to the first to fourth embodiments and the other embodiments described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) In the stator 30, all the slots 13 have an open slot portion 13a that opens in the radial direction, and a closed slot portion 13b that connects the adjacent magnetic pole teeth 12 to each other by a bridge portion Br. The open / close rate OCR, which is the axial ratio between the open slot portion 13a and the closed slot portion 13b in the slot, is configured to be within a first predetermined range including the same for all the slots 13 (see FIGS. 1 and 7). reference). According to this configuration, all the slots 13 formed in the stator core 10 have not only the open slot portion 13a but also the closed slot portion 13b, and all the slots 13 include the same open / close ratio OCR. Since it falls within the first predetermined range, it is possible to increase the mechanical rigidity and reduce the noise. In addition, since not only the open slot portion 13a but also the closed slot portion 13b is provided and the leakage flux φ can be reduced with respect to the fully closed slot structure, it is possible to suppress a decrease in performance. An SR (Switched Reluctance) motor that is included in the rotating electrical machine 100 and easily causes resonance can particularly significantly reduce vibration and noise.

  (2) The stator core 10 was configured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11 (11a to 11d) (see FIGS. 7 to 9 and FIGS. 22 to 25). According to this configuration, since the electromagnetic steel plates 11 formed in a predetermined shape may be laminated, the stator core 10 can be formed (manufactured) by a simple process.

  (3) The electromagnetic steel sheet 11 has a plurality of slots 13 having an open slot portion 13a and a closed slot portion 13b corresponding to the open / close ratio OCR, and the stator core 10 is axially disposed in all the slots 13. The electromagnetic steel sheets 11 were sequentially laminated so as to arrange the closed slot portion 13b within the second predetermined range including the equality (see FIGS. 2 to 5 and FIGS. 7 to 9). According to this configuration, the stator core 10 is laminated in such a manner that the plurality of electromagnetic steel plates 11 are sequentially arranged so that the closed slot portion 13b is disposed within the second predetermined range including the axial direction evenly, so that the mechanical rigidity is improved. At the same time, the natural frequency F can be increased. Moreover, since the stator core 10 can be manufactured using the electromagnetic steel plate 11 of the same shape, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced by mass production of the electromagnetic steel plate 11.

  (4) It has the laminated body 11C which laminated | stacked the two or more electromagnetic steel plates 11 with the same attitude | position, and the stator core 10 has the closed slot site | part 13b in the 2nd predetermined range which includes equal in an axial direction in all the slots 13. 11C was laminated | stacked sequentially and comprised so that it might arrange | position (refer FIGS. 7-9). According to this configuration, since the stator core 10 can be manufactured by stacking in units of the stacked body 11C, the manufacturing process can be further simplified.

  (5) The stator winding 20 is composed of segment conductors 21 of a predetermined shape divided into a large number, and the end portions 21a of the segment conductors 21 accommodated in the slots 13 in the axial direction are connected to the outside of the stator core 10 in the axial direction. (See FIGS. 10 to 12). According to this configuration, the segment conductor 21 may be accommodated in the slot 13 and joined and connected on the outer side (coil end) in the axial direction of the stator core 10. Therefore, the assembly of the stator winding 20 to the stator core 10 can be performed in the same manner as in the prior art.

  (6) The bridge portion Br is configured to be connected in a direction perpendicular to the radial side of the slot 13 (see FIGS. 18 and 19). According to this configuration, the bridge portion Br is provided at the radial intermediate position (bridge position P) in the slot 13. Even if the bridge portion Br is provided at the intermediate position, the mechanical rigidity can be improved, the natural frequency F can be increased, and the performance degradation can be further suppressed.

  (7) The slot 13 is configured so that the surfaces SF1 and SF2 corresponding to the sides in the radial direction of the magnetic pole teeth 12 are parallel to each other (see FIGS. 6 and 19). According to this configuration, since the surfaces SF1 and SF2 of the magnetic pole teeth 12 constituting the slot 13 are parallel, when the segment conductor 21 having a square cross section is used, the space factor (the stator winding 20 occupies the slot 13). Ratio) is improved. Since the segment conductor 21 does not need to be specially processed, the cost can be suppressed, and the manufacturing cost of the stator 30 can also be suppressed.

  (8) The bridge portion Br is configured to have a curved surface so as to be smooth with the tip surface of the adjacent magnetic pole tooth 12 when the closed slot portion 13b is located at the tip of the magnetic pole tooth 12 (see FIG. 6). ). According to this configuration, since the gap with the rotor 102 is kept constant, the performance (particularly torque) can be improved.

  (9) The rotating electrical machine 100 is configured to include a stator 30 and a rotor 102 that is rotatably supported (see FIG. 11). According to this configuration, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine 100 that suppresses a decrease in performance as compared with the related art and increases mechanical rigidity to suppress noise.

10 Stator core (stator core)
11 (11A, 11B, 11D, 11E, 11F) Electrical steel sheet 11C Laminate (electromagnetic steel sheet)
12 Magnetic teeth (teeth)
13 slot 13a open slot part 13b closed slot part 20 stator winding 30 stator (stator)
100 Rotating electric machine Br Bridge part OCR Open / close ratio

Claims (9)

Fixing of a rotating electrical machine having a stator core (10) provided with a plurality of magnetic pole teeth (12) and a plurality of slots (13), and a stator winding (20) wound in the slot. In child (30)
All the slots have an open slot portion (13a) that opens in the radial direction and a closed slot portion (13b) that connects the adjacent magnetic pole teeth with a bridge portion (Br),
An opening / closing ratio (OCR), which is an axial ratio between the open slot portion and the closed slot portion, is configured to be within a first predetermined range including the same for all the slots. Electric stator.   The stator of a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the stator core is configured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates (11). The electromagnetic steel sheet has the slot having the open slot portion and the slot having the closed slot portion corresponding to the opening / closing ratio,
The stator iron core is configured by sequentially laminating the electromagnetic steel sheets so that the closed slot portion is disposed within a second predetermined range including an equal axial direction in all the slots. Item 3. A rotating electrical machine stator according to Item 2. Having a laminate (11C) in which two or more electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated in the same posture;
The stator core is configured by sequentially stacking the stacked bodies so that the closed slot portions are arranged in the second predetermined range in the axial direction in all the slots. The stator of the rotating electrical machine described in 1.   The stator winding is composed of segment conductors (21) having a predetermined shape divided into a large number, and the ends of the segment conductors accommodated in the slot in the axial direction are electrically connected to each other outside the stator core in the axial direction. The stator for a rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the stator is connected in a mechanical manner.   The stator of the rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bridge portion is connected in a direction perpendicular to a radial side of the slot.   The stator of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the slot is formed such that surfaces (SF1, SF2) corresponding to the radial sides of the magnetic pole teeth are parallel to each other.   8. The bridge according to claim 1, wherein when the closed slot portion is located at a tip of the magnetic pole tooth, the bridge portion is formed in a curved surface so as to be smooth with a tip surface of the adjacent magnetic pole tooth. The stator of the rotary electric machine according to any one of the above. A stator (30) for a rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A rotating electrical machine (100) having a rotor (102) rotatably supported.

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