JP2016170455A - Thermoelectricity generation system operation support method and thermoelectricity generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the profit of a thermoelectricity generation system using a biomass.SOLUTION: Provided is an operation support method for a thermoelectricity generation system configured to generate electricity and heat. A plurality of supply destinations to which the electricity generated by the thermoelectricity generation system 1 is provided. A supply destination among the plurality of supply destinations which has presented a highest purchase amount is selected, and based on the purchase amount of the supply destination, supplying of all the amount of power generated by the thermoelectricity generation system 1 or supplying of power obtained by subtracting power necessary for operating the thermoelectricity generation system 1 from the power generated by the thermoelectricity generation system 1 is selected. When the amount of power generated by the thermoelectricity generation system 1 is less than the amount of power consumed by the thermoelectricity generation system 1, a supply source for supplying energy at a lowest price is selected from a plurality of supply sources for supplying energy (power or fuel) to the thermoelectricity generation system 1, and energy necessary for operating the thermoelectricity generation system 1 is purchased from the selected supply source.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to biomass utilization technology. In particular, the present invention relates to a system that generates electric power or heat using biomass as an energy source.

  Renewable energies such as solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass are attracting attention in various respects such as improvement of energy self-sufficiency, global warming countermeasures, and industrial development. However, at present, the use of renewable energy is not widespread due to high cost.

  Therefore, in July 2012, a renewable energy feed-in tariff system (FIT system) came into effect, and electricity companies purchased renewable electricity sources at a fixed price. Promotion of use is planned.

  Biomass is an organic substance derived from animals and plants, and can be used as an energy source. Roughly classifying biomass, it can be divided into production biomass produced for the purpose of energy conversion such as sugarcane and corn, and unused resource biomass emitted from human activities such as raw garbage, livestock manure, and thinned wood. .

  As a thermoelectric generation system using biomass, for example, biogas mainly composed of methane is generated by methane fermentation using sewage sludge, livestock manure, food residue, etc. as an energy source, and electric power or power is generated using the generated biogas. A system for generating heat has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1). And in the system of patent document 1, in order to obtain a high profit, the produced | generated biogas is stored in a gas holder, and it sells power concentrated on the time slot | zone with the highest power selling price.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-34828 JP 2006-127967 A JP 2003-239806 A

Yoshiaki Arai and three others, “Fuel Cell Cogeneration System Using Biogas from Livestock Manure”, Meiden Times, Meidensha, May 25, 2005, May / June 2005 3, P.I. 29-34

  However, when the generator is driven by a heat engine or the like, the heat engine is preferably continuously operated at a constant load (constant output), and if the output is fluctuated frequently and significantly, the life of the power generator may be reduced ( For example, Patent Document 2).

  Moreover, even if the technology for using renewable energy is excellent in terms of environment, there is a risk that its diffusion will be hindered for economic reasons. Therefore, further improvement in profitability is demanded in the operation technology of the system using renewable energy.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a technology that contributes to improving profitability of a thermoelectric generation system using biomass.

  One aspect of the operation support method for a thermoelectric generation system of the present invention that achieves the above object is an operation support method for a thermoelectric generation system that generates power using biomass, and the thermoelectric generation system supplies a plurality of electric power. The power supply destination that is desired to be purchased at the highest price is selected from among the power supply destinations, and the entire amount of power generated by the thermoelectric generation system is supplied to the power supply destination based on the purchase price of the power supply destination. Alternatively, it is characterized in that it is selected whether to supply the power supply destination with power obtained by removing power necessary for operation of the thermoelectric generation system from the power generated by the thermoelectric generation system.

  Another aspect of the operation support method for the thermoelectric generation system of the present invention that achieves the above object is the operation support method for the thermoelectric generation system, wherein the amount of generated power generated by the thermoelectric generation system and the thermoelectric generation system are If the generated power amount is equal to or greater than the consumed power amount, supply the entire amount of generated power to the power supply destination that you want to purchase at the maximum value or remove the consumed power from the generated power Power supply source that supplies power at the lowest price from a plurality of power supply sources that supply power to the thermoelectric generation system when the generated power amount is less than the power consumption amount. And the power required to operate the thermoelectric generation system is purchased from the power supply source.

  Another aspect of the operation support method of the thermoelectric generation system of the present invention that achieves the above object is an operation support method of a thermoelectric generation system that generates power and heat using biomass, wherein the thermoelectric generation system is Of the plurality of power supply destinations that supply power, the power supply destination desired to be purchased at the highest value is selected, the generated power is supplied to the power supply destination, and the generated heat amount and the thermoelectric power generated by the thermoelectric generation system are selected. When the required amount of heat required to operate the generation system is obtained, and the generated heat amount is less than the required heat amount, the fuel supplementing the insufficient heat amount is reduced to the lowest price from the fuel supply source that supplies the thermoelectric generation system. The fuel supply source that supplies the fuel is selected, and the fuel that supplements the heat quantity deficient from the fuel supply source is purchased.

  An embodiment of the thermoelectric generation system of the present invention that achieves the above object includes a power generation device, a heat generation device, a control unit that controls the power generation device and the heat generation device, and uses biomass. A plurality of electric power supply destinations for supplying electric power generated by the thermoelectric generation system, and the control unit selects the highest purchase price among the plural electric power supply destinations. Select the presented power supply destination and supply the entire amount of power generated by the thermoelectric generation system based on the purchase price of the selected power supply destination, or generate the thermoelectric from the power generated by the thermoelectric generation system It is characterized by selecting whether to supply power excluding power necessary for system operation.

  In another aspect of the thermoelectric generation system of the present invention that achieves the above object, in the thermoelectric generation system, the control unit generates power generated by the thermoelectric generation system and consumption consumed by the thermoelectric generation system. If the generated power amount is equal to or greater than the consumed power amount, supply the entire amount of generated power to the power supply destination that is desired to purchase at the maximum value, or the power obtained by subtracting the consumed power from the generated power Select whether to supply to the supply destination, and if the generated power amount is less than the consumed power amount, select a power supply source that supplies power at the lowest price from a plurality of power supply sources that supply power to the thermoelectric generation system. The electric power required to operate the thermoelectric generation system is purchased from the power supply source.

  Another aspect of the thermoelectric generation system of the present invention that achieves the above object is that, in the thermoelectric generation system, the control unit is necessary for operating the amount of generated heat generated by the thermoelectric generation system and the thermoelectric generation system. When the required heat quantity is obtained and the generated heat quantity is less than the required heat quantity, the fuel supply source that supplies the fuel at the lowest price is selected from the fuel supply source that supplies fuel to the thermoelectric generation system as the fuel that supplements the shortage of heat quantity. In addition, the present invention is characterized in that a fuel that compensates for the shortage of heat is purchased from the fuel supplier.

  According to the above invention, it contributes to the profit improvement of the thermoelectric generation system using biomass.

1 is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric generation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic of the thermoelectric generation system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  A thermoelectric generation system operation support method and a thermoelectric generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
The thermoelectric generation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention effectively uses livestock excreta discharged from livestock farmers, reduces the burden and environmental burden on livestock farmers, and generates electricity and heat using biomass as an energy source. To do.

  Environmental regulations are being strengthened in the livestock industry, and the “Law Concerning the Optimization of the Management and Use of Livestock Excretion” enforced in November 2004 prohibits the accumulation and storage of livestock excrement. Therefore, utilization of livestock excrement has become an urgent issue in the livestock industry.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the thermoelectric generation system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a storage unit 2, a methane fermentation treatment unit 3, an energy generation unit 4, and a control unit 5.

  The storage unit 2 stores biomass such as livestock excrement, sawdust, urine and sewage. From the biomass stored in the storage unit 2, solids that do not contribute to methane fermentation are removed in a preprocessing unit (not shown), and the liquid is transferred to the methane fermentation processing unit 3.

  The methane fermentation processing unit 3 includes a methane fermentation tank 6 and performs methane fermentation using biomass organic matter as a raw material. From the biogas produced in the methane fermentation tank 6, hydrogen sulfide is removed by the desulfurization device 7 and stored in the gas storage unit 8. The biogas stored in the gas storage unit 8 is transferred to the energy generation unit 4. Moreover, the digestive liquid which is the residue after a methane fermentation process is transferred to the waste liquid processing equipment 10 through the digestive liquid tank 9. FIG.

  The waste liquid treatment facility 10 composts the digested liquid and the solid matter of the biomass separated in the storage unit 2. For example, in the waste liquid treatment facility 10, aerobic fermentation of the digested liquid or the like is performed by stirring and agitating the digested liquid or the like with a rotary stirrer.

  The energy generation unit 4 includes a power generation device 11 and a heat generation device 12, and generates electricity and heat using the biogas generated in the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 as a raw material. The power generation device 11 is, for example, a gas engine generator or a fuel cell. The heat generation device 12 is, for example, a gas engine generator or a boiler. In addition, the energy generation part 4 can also be set as the form which provides either one of the electric power generating apparatus 11 or the heat generation apparatus 12, and produces | generates electricity or heat.

  The electric power generated by the power generation apparatus 11 is supplied to the thermoelectric generation system 1 or an external consumer (not shown) (for example, an electric power company or livestock equipment). Moreover, the heat (namely, hot water etc.) produced | generated by the heat production | generation apparatus 12 is stored by the hot water storage tank 13, and is utilized as a heat source of the methane fermentation tank 6, the heat source of an external system not shown, etc.

  In the methane fermentation processing unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4, a plurality of supply sources (including the energy generation unit 4) that supply energy sources that operate the methane fermentation processing unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4 are set (not shown). ). In addition, a plurality of supply destinations (external consumers and thermoelectric generation systems 1) that supply power (or heat) generated by the energy generation unit 4 are set in the energy generation unit 4 (not shown).

  Based on the power consumption [E1] and heat consumption [H1] of the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4, and the power [E2] and heat amount [H2] generated by the energy generation unit 4, the control unit 5 The supply destination of the electric power and heat generated by the generation unit 4 is selected. Further, based on the power consumption [E1] and the heat consumption [H1] of the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4, and the power [E2] and the heat quantity [H2] generated by the energy generation unit 4, the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and an energy source supplier necessary for operating the energy generator 4 are selected. For example, the control unit 5 receives a fuel unit price of a supply source that supplies an energy source such as electric power (or heat or fuel) via the external network 14, and the lowest fuel price (from the input fuel unit price) Electric power or fuel) is selected as the power of the thermoelectric generation system 1. In addition, the control unit 5 receives a purchase amount from an external customer who purchases generated energy such as electric power (or heat) via the external network 14, and supplies power (and Heat). The fuel unit price (and purchase price) input to the control unit 5 is appropriately input from the network 14 by bidding or the like. In addition, when the purchase price is determined in advance by a fixed price purchase system (FIT system) or the like, the determined price is set in the control unit 5.

  That is, the control unit 5 includes the power consumption [E1] and the heat consumption [H1] of the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4, and the generated power [E2] and the generation heat [H2] generated by the energy generation unit 4. Based on the above, external customers (and suppliers) are determined.

For example, in the case of E2 ≧ E1, the control unit 5 compares the profit of the next condition 1 and the profit of the condition 2 based on the price presented by the supplier and the price presented by the external consumer, and the business profit is Select the optimal conditions.
(Condition 1) The methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4 are operated at E1, and the external customer to be purchased at the highest price is selected from the external customers set as the supply destination. Sell power corresponding to E2-E1.
(Condition 2) Electric power corresponding to E1 is purchased from a supplier that presents the lowest price, the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4 are operated, and supplied to an external consumer who purchases all the electric power of E2 at the highest value.

Also, if E2 <E1, based on the price presented by the supplier and the price presented by the external customer, the profit of the following condition 3 is compared with the profit of the condition 4, and the condition that the business profit is optimal select.
(Condition 3) Electric power corresponding to E1-E2 is purchased from a supplier that presents the lowest price, and the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4 are operated with the purchased power and the power generated by the energy generation unit 4. Let
(Condition 4) Supplying all E2 power to external customers who purchase the highest price, purchasing power corresponding to E1 from a supplier that presents the lowest price, and using the purchased power, the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4 is activated.

  In the description of the control unit 5, the power consumption of the methane fermentation treatment unit 3 and the energy generation unit 4 is E1, but the power consumption of the waste liquid treatment facility 10 and the storage unit 2 can be included in E1. Moreover, the electric power input into the control part 5 installs a measurement meter in each installation of the methane fermentation process part 3, and each installation of the energy production | generation part 4, and the measured value is input. The amount of heat input to the control unit 5 is calculated in consideration of the amount of heat lost from the piping and the like based on the amount and temperature of the hot water flowing through the piping. In addition, the electric power and calorie | heat amount produced | generated by the energy production | generation part 4 can also be calculated based on the biogas amount produced | generated by the methane fermentation process part 3, its methane content rate, and the operation rate of a biogas utilization facility.

  The control unit 5 can also select a fuel demand destination in the heat generation device 12 and a supply destination of heat energy generated in the heat generation device 12. For example, by comparing the selling price of electric power when power is generated with biogas supplied to the heat generating device 12 and the price of fuel (fuel purchased from the supplier) for operating the heat generating device 12, The fuel supplied to the production | generation apparatus 12 can be selected from the biogas produced | generated by the methane fermentation process part 3, or the fuel purchased from a supply source. Moreover, the hot water supplied to the external supply destination from the hot water storage tank 13 can also be supplied to the supply destination purchased at the highest price according to a bid from the supply destination.

  According to the operation support method and the thermoelectric generation system 1 of the thermoelectric generation system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as described above, the profitability of the system using renewable energy is improved. As a result, not only environmental problems in livestock facilities and the like are solved, but also the use of renewable energy is promoted.

[Second Embodiment]
A thermoelectric generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the description of the second embodiment, the same components as those of the thermoelectric generation system 1 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the thermoelectric generation system 15 according to the second embodiment includes a methane fermentation tank 6, a power generation device 11, a heat generation device 12, and a control unit 5.

  The biogas generated in the methane fermentation tank 6 is supplied to the power generation device 11 via the desulfurization device 7 (and the gas storage unit 8).

  The power generation device 11 is, for example, a gas power generation device (gas engine). All the electric power generated in the power generation device 11 is supplied to the outside (power sale). In addition, the exhaust heat of the power generation device 11 (that is, the cooling water of the power generation device 11) is supplied to the outside or stored in the water storage tank 16 and then supplied to the heat generation device 12. As with the thermoelectric generation system 1 of the first embodiment, the control unit 5 selects and selects the thermoelectric generation system 15 or an external consumer (not shown) as the power supply destination in consideration of profitability. Alternatively, the power generated by the power generation device 11 may be supplied to the supply destination.

  The heat generating device 12 is, for example, a boiler and supplies hot water for heating the methane fermentation tank 6. Further, the heat generation device 12 can also supply hot water to an external supply destination (not shown). As the fuel of the heat generating device 12, heavy oil, city gas, biomass (for example, thinned wood, waste cooking oil, etc.) or a mixture of these fuels is used. The heat generator 12 is supplied with hot water heated by the exhaust heat of the power generator 11.

  The control unit 5 selects a supply source of the amount of heat that is insufficient in the heat generation device 12. For example, when (the amount of heat necessary for heating the methane fermentation tank [H1])> (the amount of heat generated in the power generator 11 [H2]), the amount of heat energy corresponding to H1-H2 is expressed in units. A fuel supply source having the lowest procurement cost per calorific value is selected, and the heat generating device 12 is operated with fuel from the selected supply source. The calculation of the amount of heat is basically calculated based on the flow rate of hot water and the temperature of the hot water, taking into account the amount of heat lost from the piping.

  In addition, when H2 ≧ H1, the control unit 5 may supply surplus heat (hot water) generated by the power generation apparatus 11 to a consumer (not shown) that presents the maximum value. Similarly, you may supply the surplus heat (hot water) of the heat generation apparatus 12 to the consumer (not shown) which shows the highest value.

  According to the thermoelectric generation system 15 according to the second embodiment of the present invention as described above, the profitability of the thermoelectric generation system 15 using renewable energy is improved. As a result, the spread of facilities using renewable energy such as a methane fermentation system using biomass can be promoted.

  In addition, by using biomass (or a mixed fuel of fossil fuel and biomass) as the fuel of the heat generating device 12, it is possible to promote effective utilization of biomass and further improve the profit of the thermoelectric generation system 15.

  As described above, the operation support method and the thermoelectric generation system of the thermoelectric generation system of the present invention have been described in detail by showing specific embodiments, but the operation support method and the thermoelectric generation system of the thermoelectric generation system of the present invention are described in the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above, and the design can be appropriately changed within a range not impairing the features of the invention, and the design changed is also within the technical scope of the invention.

  For example, the use of biomass is not limited to methane fermentation, such as thinned wood, rice husk, rice straw, building material waste, pruned branches, wood scrap, food residues, sludge, black liquor or waste cooking oil. It can be applied to a technology for generating electric power as an energy source. Therefore, the utilization mode of biomass is not limited to methane fermentation, but can be applied to facilities that burn biomass in an incinerator and generate power using the exhaust heat.

  In the description of the embodiment, a plurality of power (heat) demand destinations and power (fuel) supply sources are connected, and an optimum demand destination (and supply source) is set from the plurality of demand destinations (and supply sources). However, even when either the demand destination or the supply source is a fixed partner, a part of the effect of the present invention can be obtained.

  Further, by combining the characteristics of the thermoelectric generation system according to the first embodiment and the characteristics of the thermoelectric generation system according to the second embodiment, the effect of the thermoelectric generation system according to the first embodiment and the thermoelectric according to the second embodiment are combined. The effect of the generation system can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,15 ... Thermoelectric generation system 2 ... Storage part 3 ... Methane fermentation process part 4 ... Energy generation part 5 ... Control part 6 ... Methane fermentation tank 7 ... Desulfurization apparatus 8 ... Gas storage part 9 ... Digestion liquid tank 10 ... Treatment of waste liquid etc. Equipment 11 ... Power generation device 12 ... Heat generation device 13 ... Hot water tank 14 ... Network 16 ... Water tank

Claims (6)

An operation support method for a thermoelectric generation system that generates power using biomass,
From among a plurality of power supply destinations that supply the power generated by the thermoelectric generation system, select the power supply destination desired to be purchased at the highest price, and generate the thermoelectric generation system based on the purchase price of the power supply destination Select whether to supply the power supply destination with the entire amount of the generated power or supply the power supply destination with the power generated by the thermoelectric generation system excluding the power necessary for the operation of the thermoelectric generation system An operation support method for a thermoelectric generation system. Determining the amount of power generated by the thermoelectric generation system and the amount of power consumed by the thermoelectric generation system;
If the generated power amount is greater than or equal to the consumed power amount, whether the entire amount of generated power is supplied to the power supply destination that is desired to purchase at the maximum value, or the power obtained by subtracting the consumed power from the generated power is supplied to the power supply destination Make a selection
When the generated power amount is less than the consumed power amount, a power supply source that supplies power at the lowest price is selected from a plurality of power supply sources that supply power to the thermoelectric generation system, and the thermoelectric generation system is selected from the power supply source. 2. The operation support method for a thermoelectric generation system according to claim 1, wherein electric power necessary for operation is purchased. An operation support method for a thermoelectric generation system that generates power and heat using biomass,
From among a plurality of power supply destinations that supply the power generated by the thermoelectric generation system, select a power supply destination desired to be purchased at the highest value, and supply the generated power to the power supply destination,
Obtaining the amount of heat generated by the thermoelectric generation system and the amount of heat necessary to operate the thermoelectric generation system,
When the generated heat quantity is less than the required heat quantity, a fuel supply source that supplies fuel at the lowest price from a fuel supply source that supplies fuel to the thermoelectric generation system is selected as the fuel that supplements the shortage of heat, and the fuel supply source An operation support method for a thermoelectric generation system, characterized in that a fuel that compensates for a deficient amount of heat is purchased. A thermoelectric generation system that includes a power generation device, a heat generation device, a control unit that controls the power generation device and the heat generation device, and generates electricity and heat using biomass,
Providing a plurality of power supply destinations for supplying the power generated by the thermoelectric generation system;
The control unit selects a power supply destination that presents the highest purchase price among a plurality of power supply destinations, and based on the purchase price of the selected power supply destination, the power generated by the thermoelectric generation system The thermoelectric generation system is characterized by selecting whether to supply the whole amount or to supply electric power generated by the thermoelectric generation system by removing electric power necessary for operation of the thermoelectric generation system. The controller is
Determining the amount of power generated by the thermoelectric generation system and the amount of power consumed by the thermoelectric generation system;
If the generated power amount is greater than or equal to the consumed power amount, whether the entire amount of generated power is supplied to the power supply destination that is desired to purchase at the maximum value, or the power obtained by subtracting the consumed power from the generated power is supplied to the power supply destination Make a selection
When the generated power amount is less than the consumed power amount, a power supply source that supplies power at the lowest price is selected from a plurality of power supply sources that supply power to the thermoelectric generation system, and the thermoelectric generation system is selected from the power supply source. The thermoelectric generation system according to claim 4, wherein power necessary for operation is purchased. The controller is
Obtaining the amount of heat generated by the thermoelectric generation system and the amount of heat necessary to operate the thermoelectric generation system,
When the generated heat quantity is less than the required heat quantity, a fuel supply source that supplies fuel at the lowest price from a fuel supply source that supplies fuel to the thermoelectric generation system is selected as the fuel that supplements the shortage of heat, and the fuel supply source The thermoelectric generation system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a fuel that compensates for a more insufficient amount of heat is purchased.

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