JP2016169604A - Hermetic type compressor and freezer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hermetic type compressor which enables improvement of discharge efficiency while securing strength of a bottom surface of a recessed part of a valve plate and thereby achieves high efficiency.SOLUTION: A refrigerant gas guide part 167 formed by a side wall having a curved surface is formed in a recessed part 165 formed in a valve plate 143 so as to guide a refrigerant gas 111 from the recessed part 165 to a discharge space 149. The refrigerant gas guide part 167 allows the refrigerant gas 111, which is discharged from a compression chamber 133 passing through a discharge hole 141, to smoothly flow along the refrigerant gas guide part 167 to the discharge space 149 without widening a bottom surface of the recessed part 165. Thus, the structure reduces deformation of the bottom surface of the recessed part 165 of the valve plate 143 and improves the volumetric efficiency and the efficiency of a hermetic type compressor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a hermetic compressor used in a home electric refrigerator-freezer and a showcase.

  In recent years, the demand for protection of the global environment has been increasing, and there is a strong demand for higher efficiency in hermetic compressors used in household electric refrigerator-freezers and other refrigeration cycle devices.

  Under such circumstances, the conventional hermetic compressor achieves high efficiency by reducing loss when refrigerant gas is discharged from the compression chamber (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional hermetic compressor described in Patent Document 1, FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional discharge valve device described in Patent Document 1, and FIG. It is a front view of the conventional valve plate described in literature 1.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the conventional hermetic compressor stores oil 3 at the bottom of the hermetic container 1 and is filled with refrigerant gas 5, and the compressor body 7 is sealed by a suspension spring (not shown). 1 is elastically supported.

  The compressor body 7 includes an electric element 11 composed of a stator 15 and a rotor 17, and a compression element 13 disposed above the electric element 11, and the compression element 13 integrates a cylinder 19. The formed cylinder block 21, the piston 23 that reciprocates in the cylinder 19, the valve plate 25 that seals the end surface of the cylinder 19, the cylinder head 27 that covers the valve plate 25, the eccentric shaft 31, and the main shaft 33. The provided crankshaft 35 and connecting means 37 for connecting the eccentric shaft 31 and the piston 23 are provided.

  A compression chamber 39 is formed by the cylinder 19, the valve plate 25, and the piston 23.

  Further, a discharge space 41 is formed by the valve plate 25 and the cylinder head 27.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the valve plate 25 has a recess 43 formed on the side opposite to the cylinder 19, and the discharge for causing the refrigerant gas 5 compressed in the compression chamber 39 to be discharged into the discharge space 41 in the recess 43. A hole 45 is provided, and a discharge reed valve 47 that opens and closes the discharge hole 45 is disposed.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, since the recess 43 extends over almost the entire region exposed to the discharge space 41 of the valve plate 25, a sufficient space is formed around the discharge reed valve 47. .

  Therefore, since the refrigerant gas 5 discharged from the compression chamber 39 through the discharge hole 45 can be smoothly flowed out into the discharge space 41, the discharge efficiency of the refrigerant gas 5 can be increased.

JP 2009-299491 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, in order to smoothly flow out the refrigerant gas 5 discharged from the discharge hole 45 to the discharge space 41, the side wall of the recess 43 needs to be separated from the discharge hole 45, and the region of the recess 43 is widened. .

  Therefore, in the region where the concave portion 43 faces the compression chamber 39, the region where the thickness of the bottom surface of the concave portion 43 is thin is increased, and the strength of the valve plate 25 is reduced. Then, due to the pressure difference between the compression chamber 39 and the discharge space 41, the bottom surface of the concave portion 43 of the valve plate 25 is deformed, and the discharge hole 45 is also deformed accordingly, so the sealing performance between the discharge hole 45 and the discharge reed valve 47 is lowered. However, there is a problem that volumetric efficiency is lowered.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient hermetic compressor by increasing discharge efficiency while ensuring the strength of the bottom surface of the concave portion of the valve plate.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the hermetic compressor according to the present invention is provided with a refrigerant gas guiding portion that guides the refrigerant gas to the discharge space on the side wall of the recess formed in the valve plate.

  Thereby, without expanding the area of the bottom surface of the recess, the refrigerant gas discharged through the discharge hole from the compression chamber can flow smoothly into the discharge space, the deformation of the bottom surface of the recess of the valve plate, Since the deformation of the discharge hole can be prevented, the sealing performance between the discharge hole and the discharge reed valve is improved, and the volume efficiency can be improved.

  The hermetic compressor according to the present invention can prevent the deformation of the bottom surface of the concave portion of the valve plate and the accompanying deformation of the discharge hole, thereby improving the sealing performance between the discharge hole and the discharge reed valve and improving the volume efficiency. The efficiency of the hermetic compressor can be improved.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a discharge valve device of a hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Sectional drawing of the discharge valve apparatus of the hermetic compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention Front view of valve plate of hermetic compressor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Sectional drawing of the discharge valve apparatus of the hermetic compressor in Embodiment 2 of this invention Schematic diagram of a refrigeration apparatus in Embodiment 3 of the present invention Vertical section of a conventional hermetic compressor An exploded perspective view of a discharge valve device of a conventional hermetic compressor Front view of valve plate of conventional hermetic compressor

According to a first aspect of the present invention, an electric element and a compression element driven by the electric element are accommodated in an airtight container. The compression element includes a crankshaft including a main shaft and an eccentric shaft, and the main shaft of the crankshaft. A cylinder block that supports the shaft and has a cylinder; a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder; a connecting means that connects the eccentric shaft of the crankshaft and the piston; and an end of the cylinder; and the piston And a discharge space formed by a cylinder head that covers the anti-compression chamber side of the valve plate. The valve plate is formed on the suction hole and the anti-compression chamber side. A recess, a discharge hole provided in the recess, a discharge reed valve that opens and closes the discharge hole, and a movement of the discharge reed valve Together and a stopper for regulating, on the side wall of the recess, it is provided with a refrigerant gas guiding portion for guiding the refrigerant gas into the discharge space from the recess.

  Accordingly, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber through the discharge hole can be smoothly discharged into the discharge space without increasing the bottom area of the recess provided in the valve plate. Since the deformation of the bottom surface and the accompanying deformation of the discharge hole can be prevented, the sealing performance between the discharge hole and the discharge reed valve is improved, and the volume efficiency can be improved.

  In the second invention, in particular, the refrigerant gas guiding portion according to the first invention has a concave side wall of the valve plate as a curved surface.

  Accordingly, the refrigerant gas guiding portion can be formed on the curved side wall without widening the bottom surface of the concave portion, and the strength reduction of the bottom surface of the concave portion of the valve plate can be reduced. In addition to the effects of the first invention In addition, the sealing performance between the discharge hole and the discharge reed valve can be secured, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber through the discharge hole can be smoothly discharged into the discharge space along the curved surface. Thus, the volumetric efficiency can be improved, and the efficiency of the hermetic compressor can be improved.

  In the third aspect of the invention, in particular, the refrigerant gas guiding portion of the first aspect is formed by forming the concave side wall of the valve plate as an inclined surface.

  Accordingly, the refrigerant gas guiding portion can be formed by the side wall of the inclined surface without expanding the bottom surface of the concave portion, and the strength reduction of the bottom surface of the concave portion of the valve plate can be reduced. In addition to the effects of the first invention In addition, the sealing performance between the discharge hole and the discharge reed valve can be secured, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression chamber through the discharge hole can smoothly flow out into the discharge space along the inclined surface. Thus, the volumetric efficiency can be improved, and the efficiency of the hermetic compressor can be improved.

  In the fourth invention, in particular, the refrigerant gas guiding portion of any one of the first to third inventions is formed on at least one side wall in the longitudinal direction of the discharge reed valve.

  As a result, the refrigerant gas guiding portion is formed on the side wall of the recess from which a large amount of refrigerant flows out, and in addition to the effect of any one of the first to third inventions, the discharge loss is more effectively reduced. The volumetric efficiency can be improved, and the efficiency of the hermetic compressor can be further improved.

  In a fifth aspect of the invention, in particular, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the electric element is configured to be inverter-driven at a plurality of operating frequencies.

  As a result, the discharge loss is effectively reduced at high speed rotation with a large amount of refrigerant circulation. In addition to the effect of any one of the first to fourth inventions, the efficiency of the hermetic compressor is further improved. can do.

  A sixth invention has a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a radiator, a pressure reducing device, and a heat absorber are connected in an annular shape by piping, and the compressor is a hermetic compressor according to any one of the first to fifth inventions. This is a refrigeration apparatus.

  As a result, the power consumption of the refrigeration apparatus can be reduced by mounting the hermetic compressor with improved volumetric efficiency, and energy saving can be realized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a discharge valve device of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge valve device of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the valve plate of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the hermetic compressor according to the first embodiment mainly includes an electric element 103 and a compression element 105 driven by the electric element 103 inside a hermetic container 101 formed by drawing a steel plate. A compressor main body 107 is disposed. The compressor body 107 is elastically supported by a suspension spring 109.

  Further, in the sealed container 101, for example, a refrigerant gas 111 such as a hydrocarbon-based R600a having a low global warming potential is at a pressure equivalent to that of the low-pressure side of the refrigeration apparatus (not shown) and in a relatively low temperature state. While being sealed, lubricating oil 113 is sealed at the inner bottom of the sealed container 101.

  The sealed container 101 has one end communicating with the space inside the sealed container 101 and the other end connected to a refrigeration apparatus (not shown) and a refrigerant compressed by the compression element 105. And a discharge pipe 115 that guides the gas 111 to a refrigeration apparatus (not shown).

  The compression element 105 includes a crankshaft 117, a cylinder block 119, a piston 121, a connecting means 123, and the like. The crankshaft 117 includes an eccentric shaft 125, a main shaft 127, and an oil supply mechanism 129.

  The oil supply mechanism 129 supplies the oil 113 from the lower end of the main shaft 127 immersed in the oil 113 to the upper end of the eccentric shaft 125, and includes a spiral groove 131 formed on the surface of the main shaft 127.

  The cylinder block 119 is integrally formed with a cylinder 135 and includes a bearing portion 137 that rotatably supports the main shaft 127.

  Further, a valve plate 143 having a suction hole 139 and a discharge hole 141, a suction reed valve 145 for opening and closing the suction hole 139, and a cylinder that covers the valve plate 143 are provided on the end face of the cylinder 135 on the side opposite to the crankshaft 117. The head 147 is fixed together by a head bolt (not shown) and a compression chamber 133 is formed by the piston 121, the cylinder 135, and the valve plate 143.

  Further, a discharge space 149 for expanding the refrigerant gas 111 discharged from the discharge hole 141 is formed between the cylinder head 147 and the valve plate 143, and the discharge space 149 is directly connected to the discharge pipe via the discharge pipe 151. 115.

  A suction muffler 153 is sandwiched and fixed between the valve plate 143 and the cylinder head 147.

  The electric element 103 is arranged below the cylinder block 119 by a bolt (not shown) and is arranged coaxially with the stator 155 inside the stator 155 and fixed to the main shaft 127 by shrink fitting or the like. Rotor 157 formed.

  In addition, the electric element 103 is connected to an external inverter drive circuit (not shown) and is inverter-driven at a plurality of operation frequencies.

  Next, the configuration of the discharge valve device according to the first embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the discharge valve device according to the present embodiment includes a valve plate 143, a discharge reed valve 159, a spring reed valve 161, and a stopper 163.

  The valve plate 143 has a recess 165 formed on the side opposite to the cylinder 135, a discharge hole 141 for discharging the refrigerant gas 111 compressed in the compression chamber 133 into the discharge space 149 is formed in the recess 165, and the discharge hole 141. The discharge reed valve 159, the spring reed valve 161, and the stopper 163 are sequentially stacked so as to open and close the valve.

  Refrigerant gas guiding portions 167 each having a curved side wall are formed on both side walls of the recess 165 facing the longitudinal direction of the discharge reed valve 159 so as to guide the refrigerant gas 111 from the recess 165 to the discharge space 149. ing.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the recess 165 is formed in a region having an area of about half the area of the region exposed to the discharge space 149 of the valve plate 143.

  The operation and action of the hermetic compressor configured as described above will be described below.

  In the hermetic compressor, a suction pipe (not shown) and a discharge pipe 115 are connected to a refrigeration apparatus (not shown) having a known configuration to constitute a refrigeration cycle.

  In this configuration, when the electric element 103 is energized, a current flows through the stator 155, a magnetic field is generated, and the rotor 157 fixed to the main shaft 127 rotates. The rotation causes the crankshaft 117 to rotate, and the piston 121 reciprocates in the cylinder 135 via the connecting means 123 that is rotatably attached to the eccentric shaft 125.

  As the piston 121 reciprocates, the refrigerant gas 111 is sucked, compressed, and discharged in the compression chamber 133.

  Next, the steps of suction, compression, and discharge of the hermetic compressor will be described.

  First, when the piston 121 moves in a direction in which the volume of the compression chamber 133 increases, the refrigerant gas 111 in the compression chamber 133 expands. When the pressure in the compression chamber 133 falls below the suction pressure, the suction reed valve 145 starts to open due to the difference between the pressure in the compression chamber 133 and the pressure in the suction muffler 153.

  With this operation, the low-temperature refrigerant gas 111 returned from the refrigeration cycle is once released into the sealed container 101 from the suction pipe (not shown), and then flows into the compression chamber 133 through the suction muffler 153. .

  Thereafter, when the operation of the piston 121 changes from the bottom dead center in a direction in which the volume in the compression chamber 133 decreases, the refrigerant gas 111 in the compression chamber 133 is compressed, and the pressure in the compression chamber 133 increases. When the pressure in the compression chamber 133 exceeds the pressure in the suction muffler 153, the suction reed valve 145 is closed.

  Next, when the pressure in the compression chamber 133 exceeds the discharge pressure, the discharge reed valve 159 starts to open due to the difference between the pressure in the compression chamber 133 and the pressure in the discharge space 149.

  With this operation, the compressed refrigerant gas 111 is discharged from the discharge hole 141 to the discharge space 149 until the piston 121 reaches the top dead center. Then, the refrigerant gas 111 discharged into the discharge space 149 passes through the discharge pipe 151 and the discharge pipe 115 sequentially, and is sent out to a refrigeration apparatus (not shown).

  Thereafter, when the operation of the piston 121 turns from the top dead center to the direction in which the volume in the compression chamber 133 increases again, the refrigerant gas 111 in the compression chamber 133 expands, the pressure in the compression chamber 133 decreases, and the compression chamber When the pressure in 133 falls below the pressure in the discharge space 149, the discharge reed valve 159 is closed.

  The suction, compression, and discharge strokes as described above are repeated for each rotation of the crankshaft 117, and the refrigerant gas 111 circulates in the refrigeration apparatus (not shown).

  Here, the reciprocating hermetic compressor as in the present embodiment has a dead volume due to the piston 121, the cylinder 135, the valve plate 143, the discharge hole 141, and the discharge reed valve 159 at the end of the discharge stroke. In this dead volume, the compressed refrigerant gas 111 does not completely discharge and remains slightly.

  The remaining refrigerant gas 111 is re-expanded when the piston 121 moves from the top dead center toward the bottom dead center, and the volume of the newly sucked refrigerant gas 111 is reduced. To do.

  Therefore, generally, by forming the recess 165 in the valve plate 143 and forming the discharge hole 141 in the recess 165, the height of the discharge hole 141 is lowered and the volume of the discharge hole 141 is reduced. , Reducing dead volume.

  Next, the intake stroke will be described.

  Since the valve plate 143 is exposed to the low-pressure compression chamber 133 and the high-pressure discharge space 149 during the suction stroke, the strength of the valve plate 143 decreases when the valve plate 143 is formed with a thin bottom surface on the valve plate 143. The bottom surface of the recess 165 is easily deformed.

  When the valve plate 143 is deformed, the discharge hole 141 formed in the bottom surface of the thin recess 165 is deformed, and the sealing performance between the discharge hole 141 and the discharge reed valve 159 is deteriorated.

  Therefore, in general, the recess 165 can be provided with the discharge reed valve 159, the spring reed valve 161, and the stopper 163, and ensures a minimum gap through which the refrigerant gas 111 discharged from the discharge hole 141 can flow into the discharge space 149. Thus, the concave portion 165 is formed to be as small as possible.

In order to reduce the area of the recess 165, the side wall of the recess 165 generally has a recess 16
5 is formed substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface of 5.

  Therefore, the gap between the side wall of the recess 165 and the discharge reed valve 159 is narrowed, and when the refrigerant gas 111 flows out toward the side wall that rises substantially vertically, the flow path resistance increases. As a result, the pressure drop in the recess 165 is delayed, so that the refrigerant gas 111 cannot be completely discharged from the compression chamber 133, and the volume efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, a refrigerant gas guiding portion 167 having a curved side wall is formed in the concave portion 165 so that the refrigerant gas 111 easily flows out from the concave portion 165 to the discharge space 149.

  By this refrigerant gas guiding portion 167, the refrigerant gas 111 discharged from the compression chamber 133 through the discharge hole 141 can smoothly flow out into the discharge space 149 along the curved surface of the refrigerant gas guiding portion 167. Therefore, the flow resistance of the refrigerant gas 111 can be reduced and the discharge efficiency can be improved.

  Further, since the refrigerant gas guiding portion 167 can be formed on the curved side wall without expanding the bottom surface of the recess 165, the deformation of the bottom surface of the recess 165 of the valve plate 143 and the accompanying deformation of the discharge hole 141 can be reduced. It is possible to improve the sealing performance between the discharge hole 141 and the discharge reed valve 159, widen the gap between the discharge reed valve 159 and the side wall of the recess 165, and further reduce the flow resistance of the refrigerant gas 111. And volume efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, since most of the refrigerant gas 111 flows out to the side walls on both sides facing the longitudinal direction of the discharge reed valve 159, the refrigerant gas guiding portion 167 is particularly disposed on the side wall facing the longitudinal direction of the discharge reed valve 159. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively reduce the discharge loss and improve the volume efficiency.

  In addition, when the inverter is driven as in the present embodiment, the discharge loss is effectively reduced and the efficiency of the hermetic compressor can be improved effectively at high speed rotation where the refrigerant circulation amount increases.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge valve device of the hermetic compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In the discharge valve device in this embodiment, the refrigerant gas guiding portion 167 provided on the side wall of the recess 165 of the valve plate 143 is not a curved surface but an inclined surface.

  Specifically, the inclined surface is formed in a substantially straight line.

  Thus, even if the refrigerant gas guiding portion 167 is an inclined surface, the same effect as that of the curved surface can be expected, and the deformation of the bottom surface of the concave portion 165 of the valve plate 143 and the accompanying deformation of the discharge hole 141 are further reduced. Therefore, the volumetric efficiency can be further improved, and the efficiency of the hermetic compressor can be improved.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the refrigeration apparatus in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  Here, it is assumed that the hermetic compressor described in the first or second embodiment is mounted on the refrigerant circuit, and only an outline of the basic configuration of the refrigeration apparatus will be described.

  In FIG. 6, the refrigeration apparatus includes a heat-insulating box having an opening on one side, a main body 201 having a door structure that opens and closes the opening, and a section that divides the inside of the main body 201 into an article storage space 203 and a machine room 205. A wall 207 and a refrigerant circuit 209 for cooling the storage space 203 are provided.

  The refrigerant circuit 209 has a configuration in which the hermetic compressor described in Embodiment 1 as the compressor 211, the radiator 213, the decompression device 215, and the heat absorber 217 are connected in a ring shape.

  And the heat absorber 217 is arrange | positioned in the storage space 203 which comprised the air blower (not shown). The cooling heat of the heat absorber 217 is agitated so as to circulate in the storage space 203 by the blower as indicated by an arrow, and the storage space 203 is cooled.

  By installing the hermetic compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention as the compressor 211 in the refrigeration apparatus described above, the compressor 211 is driven by the refrigerant gas guiding portion 167 provided on the side wall of the concave portion 165 of the valve plate 143. Since the discharge efficiency of the refrigerant gas 111 is improved, the power consumption of the refrigeration apparatus can be reduced and energy saving can be realized.

  As described above, since the hermetic compressor and the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention can increase the discharge efficiency of refrigerant gas and improve the efficiency of the hermetic compressor, it can be used for household use such as an electric refrigerator or an air conditioner. However, the present invention can be widely applied to refrigeration apparatuses such as commercial showcases and vending machines.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Sealed container 103 Electric element 105 Compression element 111 Refrigerant gas 117 Crankshaft 119 Cylinder block 121 Piston 123 Connection means 125 Eccentric shaft 127 Main shaft 133 Compression chamber 135 Cylinder 139 Suction hole 141 Discharge hole 143 Valve plate 147 Cylinder head 149 Suction space 153 Suction Muffler 159 Discharge reed valve 163 Stopper 165 Recessed portion 167 Refrigerant gas guiding portion 209 Refrigerant circuit 211 Compressor 213 Radiator 215 Depressurizer 217 Heat absorber

Claims (6)

An airtight container contains an electric element and a compression element driven by the electric element. The compression element supports a crankshaft composed of a main shaft and an eccentric shaft, and supports the main shaft of the crankshaft and a cylinder. A cylinder block, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, a connecting means for connecting the eccentric shaft of the crankshaft and the piston, and an end of the cylinder, and the piston forms a compression chamber. A valve plate, and a discharge space formed by a cylinder head that covers the anti-compression chamber side of the valve plate. The valve plate includes a suction hole, a recess formed on the anti-compression chamber side, and an inside of the recess. A discharge hole provided in the discharge hole, a discharge reed valve that opens and closes the discharge hole, and a stroke that restricts the movement of the discharge reed valve. Together and a path, on the side wall of the recess, a hermetic compressor in which the refrigerant gas introducing portion is provided for guiding the refrigerant gas from the recess to the discharge space. The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant gas guiding portion is formed of a curved side wall. The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant gas guiding portion is formed by a side wall of an inclined surface. The hermetic compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the refrigerant gas guide portion is formed on at least one side wall in a longitudinal direction of the discharge reed valve. The hermetic compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electric element is inverter-driven at a plurality of operating frequencies. A refrigerating apparatus having a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a radiator, a decompressor, and a heat absorber are connected in a ring shape by piping, and the compressor is the hermetic compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5. .