JP2016161807A - Light control device, light control system, and power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spectacles type light control device having improved fashionability, and improved outdoor usability.SOLUTION: The present invention provides a light control device that comprises a frame, a lens fixed to the frame, a light emitting diode mounted on the frame, and a power storage device mounted on the frame, where the light emitting diode emits light toward a side face of the lens to color the lens a desired color. The present invention also provides a light control device that comprises a frame, a pair of lenses fixed to the frame, a polarizing plate provided adjacent to the pair of lenses, a power storage device mounted on the frame, and liquid crystals held between the pair of lenses, where voltage is applied to liquid crystals to change the orientation of liquid crystals, thereby adjusting the amount of light passing through the lens.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a light control device capable of changing the color of a lens and a light control device capable of reducing the amount of external light passing through the lens.

Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification and the like relates to an object, a method, or a manufacturing method. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, the technical field of one embodiment of the present invention disclosed in this specification more specifically includes a semiconductor device, a display device, a liquid crystal display device, a light-emitting device, a lighting device, a power storage device, a memory device, an imaging device, A driving method or a manufacturing method thereof can be given as an example.

Conventionally, glasses and sunglasses lenses have various colors and uses. In recent years, glasses and sunglasses having various functions have been proposed.

For example, a rechargeable button type battery is provided on the frame leg of the glasses, and the focal length of the lens is changed by changing the apparent refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules by controlling the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between the lenses. Perspective glasses are disclosed (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-52116 A

By the way, glasses using color lenses are on the market, but if you want to change the color, you need to purchase glasses of that color and have multiple glasses. Or you need to purchase a lens with a different color and replace the lens. In addition, when wearing sunglasses, the appearance and the amount of ultraviolet rays change depending on the intensity of sunlight, and it is necessary to remove them. Furthermore, lenses that change color depending on the amount of ultraviolet rays are also on the market, but there is a problem that the color change of the lens, in particular, the response speed is slow when the lens color becomes light, and the color change depends on temperature. Therefore, for example, when entering a tunnel in the daytime, when changing from a light place to a dark place, the color change of the lens does not catch up, and the color of the lens does not become dark enough in the summer when the temperature is high. there were.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a glasses-type dimmer that can easily and quickly change the color of a lens and a glasses-type dimmer that can protect eyes from harmful ultraviolet rays. Objective.

Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a novel light control device, novel glasses, a novel electronic device, or the like. Note that the description of these problems does not disturb the existence of other problems. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have to solve all of these problems. Issues other than these will be apparent from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and other issues can be extracted from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is.

One embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification includes a frame, a lens fixed to the frame, a light-emitting diode mounted on the frame, and a power storage device mounted on the frame, and the light-emitting diode includes a lens. The light control device is characterized in that it emits light toward the side surface.

Another embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification is characterized in that, in the above structure, the power storage device includes a lithium ion secondary battery.

Another embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification is characterized in that, in the above structure, a slide switch is provided in the frame, and light emitted from the light-emitting diode can be adjusted using the slide switch.

Further, according to one embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification, in the above structure, the lens includes a pair of transflective lenses, and a medium that scatters light is sandwiched between the pair of transflective lenses. It is characterized by.

One embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification is provided adjacent to a frame, a pair of lenses in which a conductive film that is fixed to the frame and transmits visible light is formed on one surface, and the pair of lenses. And a power storage device mounted on a frame, and a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of lenses, wherein the liquid crystal orientation is changed by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal. Device.

Another embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification is characterized in that, in the above structure, the power storage device includes a lithium ion secondary battery.

Another embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification is characterized in that, in the above structure, a slide switch is provided in the frame, and a voltage applied to the liquid crystal can be adjusted by using the slide switch.

One embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification is characterized in that in the above structure, a photosensor is provided in the frame.

One embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification is characterized in that in the above structure, a photoelectric conversion element is provided in the frame.

In addition, according to one embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification, in each of the above-described structures, a power reception in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction between a power-receiving resonance coil in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by magnetic resonance and a power reception resonance coil. Coil, a rectifier circuit that rectifies the high-frequency voltage induced in the power receiving coil, and a DC-DC converter to which a DC voltage output from the rectifier circuit is input. It is characterized in that power supply is performed using the output DC voltage.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a light control device having the above-described configuration and a power transmission device, and the power transmission device applies a high-frequency power source that generates a high-frequency voltage and a high-frequency voltage generated by the high-frequency power source. And a power transmission resonance coil in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction with the power transmission coil.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes a lens, a power storage device, a control unit, and a light control member, the power storage device applies a voltage to the light control member, and the control unit is a light control member using the power storage device. The dimming member is a dimming system characterized by changing the color of the lens.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes a lens, a power storage device, a control unit, and a light control member, the power storage device applies a voltage to the light control member, and the control unit is a light control member using the power storage device. The dimming member is a dimming system characterized in that the dimming member adjusts the amount of light passing through the lens.

Another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the light control system having the above structures includes a power receiving device and supplies power to the power storage device using the power receiving device.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, by providing a light control device that can change the color of a lens freely and quickly, a light control device with improved fashionability and safety can be provided. Alternatively, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a light control device with improved outdoor use performance can be provided by providing a light control device capable of protecting eyes from ultraviolet rays by the intensity of sunlight.

Alternatively, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a novel light control device, novel glasses, a novel electronic device, or the like can be provided.

Note that the description of these effects does not disturb the existence of other effects. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of these effects. It should be noted that the effects other than these are naturally obvious from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract the other effects from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a light control device that can be used in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a light control device that can be used in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a light control device that can be used in one embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a figure which shows one form of the light modulation apparatus of 1 aspect of this invention, (B) and (C) are sectional drawings of AB in FIG. 4 (A). (A) And (C) is a figure which shows one form of the light modulation apparatus of 1 aspect of this invention, (B) is sectional drawing of AB in (A). FIG. 7A is a perspective view illustrating one embodiment of a light control device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a top view of the light control device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 4A and 4B are a perspective view illustrating a secondary battery that can be used in one embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a secondary battery that can be used in one embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a secondary battery that can be used in one embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power receiving device, and (B) is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power feeding system. (A) is a figure which shows the structural example of a DC-DC converter, (B) and (C) are the figures which show the structural example of an input electric power detection part, (D) is the structural example of a voltage conversion part. FIG. (A) is a figure which shows an example of a DC-DC converter, (B) is a figure which shows the specific example of the means 501, (C) is a figure which shows the specific example of the means 502, D) is a diagram showing a specific example of the means 503. (A) And (C) is a figure which shows the modification of a DC-DC converter, (B) is a figure which shows the specific example of the means 503.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description, and it will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that modes and details can be variously changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the description of the embodiments below. In the embodiments described below, the same portions or portions having similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals or the same hatch patterns in different drawings, and description thereof is not repeated.

Note that in each drawing described in this specification, the size, the film thickness, or the region of each component is exaggerated for clarity in some cases. Therefore, it is not necessarily limited to the scale.

Further, the terms such as first, second, and third used in this specification are given for avoiding confusion between components, and are not limited numerically. Therefore, for example, the description can be made by appropriately replacing “first” with “second” or “third”.

First, a basic mode of the light control device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. As specific examples of the light control device, the glasses-type light control device 1 will be described in the first embodiment, the sunglasses-type light control device 2 will be described in the second embodiment, and the goggles-type light control device 3 will be described in the third embodiment. .

In this specification and the like, glasses are devices that can be mounted on the head to install a lens in front of the user's eyes and allow the user to see the outside through the lens. In this specification and the like, glasses include sunglasses, goggles, monoculars, a head loupe, and the like.

In this specification and the like, a lens refers to a plate-like member that transmits light, and may have any of a flat surface, a spherical surface, and an aspherical surface. For example, a convex lens, a concave lens, and a concave / convex lens are included. The lens may be able to correct vision.

(Basic form)
The light control device 50 of one embodiment of the present invention includes the power storage device 15, the control unit 52, and the light control member 53, as illustrated in FIG. The light control device 50 includes a frame and a lens.

The light control device 50 can change the color of the lens or the amount of light transmitted through the lens by installing the light control member 53 adjacent to the lens.

When the light control device 50 includes a pair of lenses corresponding to the right eye and the left eye, the light control member 53 may be installed adjacent to each of both lenses, or only adjacent to one lens. May be installed. By installing the light control member 53 adjacent to only one lens, power can be saved. Even if the light control member 53 is provided adjacent to each of both lenses, only one light control member 53 may be used according to the user's selection. In addition, even when the glasses have only one lens, the light control member can be installed adjacent to the lens.

As the dimming member 53, an element that changes the optical characteristics of the lens by applying a voltage can be used. As the light control member 53, for example, a light emitting element, a liquid crystal element, a display element using a MEMS (micro electro mechanical system), or a piezoelectric element can be used.

By installing a light emitting element as the light control member 53, light can be emitted toward the side surface of the lens of the glasses. As a result, the lens can be colored to provide glasses with high fashionability.

As a light emitting element, an organic electroluminescence element (organic EL element), an inorganic electroluminescence element (inorganic EL element), a light emitting diode element (LED element), or the like can be used. It is not limited to these. Note that light emission of the light-emitting element is preferably colored.

The light control device 50 may have a plurality of light emitting elements for one lens. The colors of the plurality of light emitting elements may be the same or different.

Further, by providing a liquid crystal element in contact with the lens as the light control member 53, the polarization component of the light incident on the lens can be changed. Therefore, the amount of light passing through the lens can be adjusted by combining the liquid crystal element and the polarizing plate.

Further, when minute shutters formed using MEMS as the light control member 53 are arranged on the lens surface, light transmission through the lens can be controlled by opening and closing the shutter.

Further, as the light control member 53, a thin film piezoelectric element that changes its thickness when a voltage is applied may be provided in contact with the lens. By utilizing the light interference effect of the thin film formed by the piezoelectric element, reflection of external light by the lens can be controlled.

As the piezoelectric body included in the piezoelectric element, a material that can be easily formed as a thin film can be used. For example, it is preferable to use a piezoelectric polymer such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) because the piezoelectric element can be reduced in weight.

The control unit 52 controls voltage application from the power storage device 15 to the dimming member 53 based on the input signal 60.

The control unit 52 may include a storage unit, a calculation unit, a drive control unit, and the like.

The storage unit includes various storage circuits that store a computer program, a lookup table, a calculation result, and the like that the calculation unit executes calculation processing.

The calculation unit generates a control signal by analyzing information supplied to the control unit 52 (an input signal 60, a signal supplied from a switch, a sensor, an antenna, or the like).

The drive control unit controls voltage application to the light control member 53 based on the control signal generated by the calculation unit.

When using a light emitting element as the light control member 53, the control part 52 can adjust the brightness | luminance of a light emitting element and can change the color of a lens by controlling voltage application. When the light control member 53 has a plurality of light emitting elements, it is preferable that the control unit 52 can control each light emitting element independently.

When a liquid crystal element is used as the light control member 53, the amount of light passing through the lens can be adjusted by controlling the voltage application by the control unit 52.

The power storage device 15 applies a voltage to the light control member 53. The power storage device 15 is preferably a secondary battery that can be charged and discharged. Examples of the secondary battery include a lithium ion secondary battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, an organic radical battery, a lead storage battery, an air secondary battery, a nickel zinc battery, a silver zinc battery, and a lithium ion capacitor.

In addition, the power storage device 15 is preferably small so as to be mounted on the glasses. Therefore, it is more preferable to use a lithium ion secondary battery having a high energy density as the power storage device 15 because the glasses can be downsized and the continuous use time can be extended.

The power storage device 15 is more preferably configured to be bent into an arbitrary shape so as to be housed in the frame. A battery that can be stored in the frame will be described in detail in Embodiment 4.

As illustrated in FIG. 1B, the light control device 50 may include the power storage device 15, the control unit 52, the light control member 53, and the switch 54 or the sensor 55.

In response to the input signal 60 input to the switch 54 or the sensor 55, the control unit 52 controls voltage application to the dimming member 53.

The switch 54 may switch on / off the electrical connection between the power storage device 15 and the dimming member 53, and changes the voltage application to the dimming member 53 by the control unit 52 stepwise. It may be. For example, a slide type switch, a push button type switch, a switch with a timer, or a dial type switch can be used.

The switch 54 may be a touch panel display. For example, when the light emitting element 81 is used as the light control member 53 and the color of the lens is changed, the user can easily change the color to a desired color by using a touch panel display.

As the sensor 55, various sensors (light sensor, thermal sensor, humidity sensor, vibration sensor, acceleration sensor) for monitoring the environment, various biological sensors, and the like can be used.

When an optical sensor (also referred to as a photosensor) is used as the sensor 55, the sensor 55 is mounted on a portion of the surface of the frame of the glasses or the like where the external light is irradiated, so that the intensity of the external light is measured by the optical sensor. Can be detected. Depending on the detected light intensity, the intensity of voltage application to the light control member 53 by the control unit 52 is changed, and the color of the lens or the lens passes without the user operating the light control device 50. The amount of light to be changed can be changed.

Further, as the sensor 55, a biological sensor that detects the movement of the user's eyes may be used. For example, by using a sensor that detects an electrooculogram to check the fatigue, concentration, or drowsiness of the user, the color of the lens or the amount of light that passes through the lens is changed according to the user's condition. be able to.

Further, a microphone may be mounted as the sensor 55 and input may be performed by voice recognition. Thereby, even if the user cannot use his / her hand, the light control device 50 can be operated.

Further, by providing an antenna instead of or in addition to the switch 54 and the sensor 55, the light control device 50 may be operated with a short-range wireless communication standard using a portable information terminal such as a smartphone. .

The dimmer 50 may be mounted with one of the above-described various switches 54, various sensors 55, and antennas, or a plurality of them may be used in combination. Since the light control device 50 has two or more of the plurality of switches 54, the plurality of sensors 55, and the antenna, the user can select an operation method of the light control device 50, and convenience is improved.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1C, the light control device 50 includes the power storage device 15, a control unit 52, a light control member 53, a switch 54 or a sensor 55, and a power reception device 56. May be.

The power receiving device 56 supplies power to the power storage device 15. This eliminates the need to remove the power storage device 15 from the light control device 50. Power feeding to the power receiving device 56 may be performed by wire or wirelessly. Further, the power receiving device 56 may include the power storage device 15.

A power supply system that wirelessly supplies power to the power storage device 15 using the power reception device 56 and the power reception device 56 and the power transmission device 70 will be described in detail in Embodiment 5.

Moreover, although not shown in FIG. 1, the light control apparatus 50 may have a power generation device. The power generation device is connected to either one or both of the power storage device 15 and the sensor 55. By generating power with the power generation device, power consumption of the power storage device 15 can be reduced.

It is preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving to use a device that generates power using natural energy as the power generation device. As the power generation device, for example, a solar panel having a photoelectric conversion element, a power generation device that converts pressure generated by vibration into electric power using a piezoelectric element, a wind power generation device, a thermoelectric power generation device, or the like can be used.

Hereinafter, a specific example of the light control device will be described.

(Embodiment 1)
In this embodiment, a glasses-type light control device 1 which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about the component similar to the light control apparatus 50 of a basic form, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the glasses-type light control device 1 includes a power storage device 15, a control unit 52, a light emitting element 81 as a light control member 53, and a slide switch 17 as a switch 54. .

FIG. 4A is an overhead view of the glasses-type light control device 1 of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along one-dot chain line AB in FIG. The other lens can have the same cross section.

The glasses-type light control device 1 includes a frame 9 and a lens 11. The frame 9 has a frame front portion 12 and temples 13 (13_1 and 13_2). The lens 11 is fixed to the frame front portion 12, and the temple 13 is connected to the frame front portion 12 by a screw 18. As a material of the lens 11, plastic or glass may be used.

The plastic used for the lens 11 should just be a material with the high transmittance | permeability with respect to visible light, and should just use a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, a carbon resin, and an allyl resin, for example. Further, the lens 11 may be a high refractive index lens using a material obtained by adding a halogen atom other than fluorine having a large atomic refraction, an aromatic ring, or a sulfur atom to these plastics.

A power storage device 15 is mounted on the frame 9. As the power storage device 15, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery can be used. Since the lithium ion secondary battery can be a light-weight and high-capacity secondary battery, the use of the lithium-ion secondary battery for the power storage device 15 has an advantage that the frame 9 can be downsized.

A space 10 is provided in the frame front portion 12, and a light emitting diode 16 is mounted as the light emitting element 81 in the space 10. Furthermore, on / off of the current flowing through the light emitting diode 16 can be controlled by the slide switch 17 provided in the frame 9. The light emitting diode 16 can emit red, blue, and green colors, and the color to be emitted can be switched by the slide switch 17. Of course, not only red, blue and green but also intermediate colors thereof can be switched to emit light of various colors by switching the slide switch 17. The light emitted from the light emitting diode 16 enters from the side surface of the lens 11, travels while reflecting inside the lens 11, and is further reflected by the reflective film 14 provided at the boundary between the frame front portion 12 and the lens 11, The lens 11 is colored in a desired color. The reflective film 14 is made of a material having a higher reflectance than the frame front portion 12. The space 10 may be filled with resin. The difference between the refractive index of the resin and the refractive index of the lens 11 is preferably within 0.3, and more preferably within 0.1.

As shown in FIG. 4A, a slide switch may be provided in the temple 13_1. Although not shown, the slide switch 17 may be provided on the temple 13_2 so that the left and right lenses are colored in different colors.

FIG. 4C shows an example in which a medium 19 that scatters light is sandwiched between a semi-transmissive lens 11_1 and a semi-transmissive lens 11_2 having a slightly higher transmittance than the semi-transmissive lens 11_1. By scattering light at the boundary between the transflective lens 11_1 and the medium 19 that scatters light, the colored light from the light emitting diode 16 is scattered in the direction of the arrow, and the lens 11 can be colored in a desired color. . The light scattering medium 19 may be plastic or glass fine particles that transmit visible light. Moreover, if it arrange | positions so that the density of the medium 19 which scatters light may become high as it distances from the light emitting diode 16, light can be scattered uniformly. Note that in this specification and the like, a transflective lens means that the transmittance of visible light is 30% or more and 95% or less. A transflective lens having a slightly lower transmissivity than the transflective lens means that the transmissivity of visible light is 10% or more and 80% or less, and the transmissivity of visible light is lower than that of the transflective lens.

This embodiment can be implemented in combination with any of the other embodiments as appropriate.

(Embodiment 2)
In this embodiment, a sunglasses-type light control device 2 that is one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 5, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the light control device 50 included in the sunglasses-type light control device 2 includes a power storage device 15, a control unit 52, a liquid crystal element 82 as a light control member 53, and a photo as a sensor 55. The sensor 24, the slide switch 17 as the switch 54, and the photoelectric conversion element 25 as a power generation device are provided.

FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along dashed-dotted line AB in FIG. The other lens can have the same cross section.

The sunglasses-type light control device 2 includes a frame 9 and a lens 21. The frame 9 has a frame front portion 12 and temples 13 (13_1 and 13_2). The lens 21 is fixed to the frame front portion 12.

The liquid crystal 20 is sandwiched between the lenses 21 (21_1 and 21_2) and sealed with a sealing material 22. Further, a spacer (not shown) may be arranged in the liquid crystal 20 to fix the distance between the lenses 21_1 and 21_2.

As the lenses 21_1 and 21_2, glass or plastic can be used similarly to the lens 11. A conductive film 26 that transmits visible light is formed on one surface of each of the lenses 21_1 and 21_2, and is electrically connected to the power storage device 15. The conductive film 26 that transmits visible light includes indium tin oxide in which tin oxide is mixed with indium oxide, indium tin silicon oxide in which silicon oxide is mixed in indium tin oxide, and indium zinc in which zinc oxide is mixed in indium oxide. An oxide, zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), or the like can be used. Note that the conductive film 26 that transmits visible light may be formed by a sputtering method, a film deposition method, a vacuum deposition method, a CVD method, a coating method, a spin coating method, a spray method, or the like.

Further, adjacent to the lenses 21_1 and 21_2, they are arranged in crossed Nicols (a state where a pair of polarizing plates have their polarization axes orthogonal to each other) or parallel Nicols (a state where the polarization axes of the pair of polarizing plates are parallel). The polarizing plates 23 (23_1 and 23_2) are provided.

A liquid crystal element 82 is formed of the liquid crystal 20 sandwiched between the lenses 21_1 and 21_2 and the lenses 21_1 and 21_2 in which the polarizing plate 23 is disposed adjacently and the conductive film 26 that transmits visible light is formed on one surface. Is formed.

By controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal by the slide switch 17 provided in the frame 9, the orientation of the liquid crystal 20 changes and the amount of light passing through the lens 21 can be adjusted.

An example of a liquid crystal element that can be used in one embodiment of the present invention is an element that controls transmission or non-transmission of light by an optical modulation action of liquid crystal. The element can be structured by a pair of electrodes and a liquid crystal layer. Note that the optical modulation action of the liquid crystal is controlled by an electric field applied to the liquid crystal (including a horizontal electric field, a vertical electric field, or an oblique electric field). Specifically, examples of liquid crystal elements include nematic liquid crystals, cholesteric liquid crystals, smectic liquid crystals, discotic liquid crystals, thermotropic liquid crystals, lyotropic liquid crystals, low molecular liquid crystals, polymer liquid crystals, and polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC). , Ferroelectric liquid crystal, antiferroelectric liquid crystal, main chain liquid crystal, side chain polymer, banana liquid crystal, TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, STN (Super Twisted Nematic) mode, IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode, MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) mode, PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment), ASV (Advanced) Super View) mode, ASM (Axially Symmetric aligned Micro-cell) mode, OCB (Optical Compensated Birefringence) mode, ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) mode, FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode, AFLC (AntiFerroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode, PDLC ( There are a Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal mode, a guest host mode, a blue phase mode, and the like. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various liquid crystal elements can be used.

Whether the liquid crystal element 82 is normally white or normally black is determined by the relationship between the liquid crystal and the polarizing plate. For example, a combination of a crossed Nicol polarizing plate and a TN liquid crystal is normally white, and a combination of a crossed Nicol polarizing plate and an IPS liquid crystal or VA liquid crystal is normally black.

As shown in FIG. 4A, a slide switch may be provided in the temple 13_1. Although not shown, the temple 13_2 may also be provided with a slide switch 17 so that the rate of reducing the amount of light passing through the left and right lenses may be varied.

Further, in the present embodiment, the photo sensor 24 is provided on the frame 9. As shown in FIG. 5A, it may be provided on the frame front portion 12. The amount of ultraviolet rays contained in outside light such as sunlight is detected by the photosensor 24, and the amount of ultraviolet rays passing through the lens 21 is automatically adjusted by adjusting the voltage applied to the lenses 21_1 and 21_2 according to the amount of ultraviolet rays. Reduction. This eliminates the need for manual operation with the slide switch 17. In addition, the color of the lens can be changed quickly as compared with a lens using a photosensitive material that changes color when exposed to ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is possible to improve the safety when moving from a bright place to a dark place. In addition, the color of the lens can be changed without depending on the temperature.

In addition, if the photoelectric conversion element 25 is provided in the frame 9 to cover power for driving at least one of the liquid crystal element 82 or the photosensor 24, the power consumption of the power storage device 15 can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 5A, it is preferable to install the photoelectric conversion element 25 on the frame front portion 12 because the photoelectric conversion element 25 can efficiently absorb external light.

As described in the basic configuration, the liquid crystal element 82 may be provided only on one of the lenses corresponding to the right eye and the left eye of the sunglasses type light control device 2. In FIG. 5C, an example in which the polarizing plate 23 is disposed adjacent to the lens corresponding to the right eye and the liquid crystal element 82 is provided, but the liquid crystal element 82 is not provided in the lens 11 corresponding to the left eye. Show.

This embodiment can be implemented in combination with any of the other embodiments as appropriate.

(Embodiment 3)
In this embodiment, a goggle-type light control device 3 which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 3, the goggle-type light control device 3 includes a power storage device 15, a control unit 52, a liquid crystal element 82 as a light control member 53, button-type switches 33 and 37 as switches 54, and sensors. The photo sensor 24 as 55 and the power receiving device 56 are provided.

6A is a perspective view of the goggles type light control device 3, and FIG. 6B is a top view of the goggles type light control device 3. FIG.

The goggle type light control device 3 includes a frame 31, a band 36, and a lens 21. The user presses the pad 34 installed on the frame 31 against the face and winds the band 36 around the head, so that the goggles type light control device 3 is fixed to the head and the outside can be seen through the lens 21.

In the frame 31, similarly to the sunglasses-type light control device 2 described in the second embodiment, a polarizing plate 23 is disposed adjacent to each other and transmits visible light formed on one surface of each of the pair of lenses. A liquid crystal element 82 is formed by the conductive film 26 to be formed and the liquid crystal 20 sandwiched between the pair of lenses.

A photosensor 24 is provided on the frame 31. The photo sensor 24 can automatically reduce the amount of external light passing through the lens 21 by detecting the intensity of external light. The wavelength of external light that can be detected by the photosensor 24 is not particularly limited, and it is preferable that ultraviolet light, visible light, or infrared light can be selected and detected. By changing the wavelength of the light detected by the photosensor 24 according to the scene in which the goggle type light control device 3 is used, the eyes of the user can be efficiently protected. Therefore, the goggles type light control device 3 can be used as sunglasses or goggles.

In addition, the power receiving device 56 and the power storage device 15 are mounted on the frame 31. Using the power receiving device 56, power can be supplied to the power storage device 15 wirelessly.

A camera 32 may be installed on the frame 31. Accordingly, for example, by wearing the goggles type light control device 3, it is possible to photograph the scenery that the user is viewing.

Further, a button type switch 33 may be provided on the frame 31. The button type switch 33 can be used to switch on / off of the power of the light control device 50, the shutter of the camera 32, or the start and end of recording when moving images are shot by the camera 32.

Moreover, the pad 34 installed in the frame 31 may incorporate a switch 37 or a sensor. Thus, when the user fixes the goggles type light control device 3 to the head, the power of the light control device 50 is automatically turned on, and when the user removes the goggles type light control device 3 from the head, Thus, the power of the light control device 50 can be turned off.

This embodiment can be implemented in combination with any of the other embodiments as appropriate.

(Embodiment 4)
In this embodiment, a secondary battery 101 that is an example of the power storage device 15 that can be mounted on the light control device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7, 8, and 9. Note that all the drawings show a part of the configuration in order to clarify the explanation.

First, the configuration of the secondary battery 101 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7A is a perspective view of the appearance of the secondary battery 101. 7B, 7C, and 7D schematically show the structure of the secondary battery 101 for explanation, and FIG. 7B shows the top surface of the secondary battery 101. FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view taken along a broken line XY in FIG. FIG. 7D is a perspective view of the secondary battery 101.

As shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C, the secondary battery 101 includes a plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212, a plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214, a separator 213, The exterior body 211 and the electrolyte solution 220 are included in a region surrounded by the exterior body 211. Further, a lead electrode 216 a electrically connected to the positive electrode current collector 212 and a lead electrode 216 b electrically connected to the negative electrode current collector 214 are provided. In addition, the lead electrode 216 a and the lead electrode 216 b are partially covered with a sealing material 217.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7A, the secondary battery 101 can be a secondary battery having a curved structure. That is, the secondary battery 101 can include a plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212, a plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214, a separator 213, and a portion where the exterior body 211 is curved. Therefore, the secondary battery 101 can be easily housed in a frame included in the light control device of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7D illustrates a plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212, a plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214, and a separator 213 that are extracted. As illustrated in FIG. 7D, in the secondary battery 101, a plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212 and a plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214 are covered with a separator 213 and bound by a binding material 221.

That is, the separator 213 includes a single separator 213, a region sandwiched between the plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212, the plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214, the plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212, and the plurality of negative electrode current collectors. A region arranged to cover the body 214.

In other words, the separator 213 included in the secondary battery 101 is a single separator that is partially folded. A plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212 and a plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214 are sandwiched between the folded regions of the separator 213.

Note that although FIG. 7D illustrates a structure in which a plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212 and a plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214 are bound using a binding material 221, the present invention is not limited thereto. These may be bound without using a binding material. For example, depending on the material of the separator 213, the separators 213 can be thermally welded. Therefore, the plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212 and the plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214 can also be bundled by heat-welding a region where the separators 213 overlap each other at a portion where the separator 213 covers the current collector. In the case of heat welding, the separator material is preferably polypropylene, polyethylene or the like.

8A and 8B illustrate an example of the secondary battery 101 in which a positive electrode current collector 212 and a plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214 are bundled by thermally welding a separator. FIG. 8A shows a secondary battery 101 in which a separator 213 is thermally welded to a part 213b of the separator.

In FIG. 8B, a part of the separator 213 that covers the plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212 and the plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214 is removed, and the separator 213 is thermally welded to a part 213b of the separator. This is a secondary battery 101. By removing a part of the separator 213 that covers the plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212 and the plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214, a gap can be formed in the separator 213 used for binding. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the gas generated by the decomposition of the electrolytic solution by charging and discharging from staying between the plurality of positive electrode current collectors 212 and the plurality of negative electrode current collectors 214. Therefore, the bias of the battery reaction of the secondary battery 101 can be suppressed, the increase in internal resistance can be suppressed, and the capacity of the secondary battery 101 can be improved.

Although not shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 because it is complicated, a positive electrode active material layer is formed on one side or part of both sides of the positive electrode current collector 212. The positive electrode active material layer includes at least a positive electrode active material. Further, a negative electrode active material layer is formed on one surface or part of both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector 214. The negative electrode active material layer includes at least a negative electrode active material. Note that a region where the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer are formed overlaps with the separator 213.

Note that although FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the structure in which the positive electrode current collector 212 and the negative electrode current collector 214 are alternately stacked, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. The suitable configuration differs depending on whether the active material is formed on both sides of the current collector or on one side.

Another example of a configuration in which the positive electrode current collector 212 and the negative electrode current collector 214 are stacked will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 9A shows a structure in which five positive electrode current collectors 212 each having a positive electrode active material layer 212a formed on both sides and ten negative electrode current collectors 214 each having a negative electrode active material layer 214a formed on one side are stacked. is there. As shown partially enlarged, the positive electrode active material layer 212a and the negative electrode active material 214a are stacked so as to face each other with the separator 213 interposed therebetween. Further, the negative electrode current collector 214 is laminated so that the surfaces where the negative electrode active material layer is not formed are in contact with each other.

The surface of the negative electrode current collector 214 where the negative electrode active material layer is not formed is a contact surface with less friction compared to the surface where the active material layer and the separator are in contact. Therefore, it is possible to easily release the stress caused by the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the curve, which is generated when the secondary battery 101 is bent in the subsequent process. Therefore, the reliability of the secondary battery 101 can be improved.

As shown in FIG. 9A, the structure in which the surfaces where the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode current collector 214 is not formed is in contact with each other in the secondary battery 101 as shown in FIG. The effect is particularly great when the strongly curved portion 101a is close to the lead electrode 216b that is electrically connected to the negative electrode current collector 214. In this specification and the like, for example, “the portion where the bending is strong is close to the lead electrode electrically connected to the negative electrode current collector” means that the portion where the bending is strongest in the secondary battery is the length of the secondary battery. It is closer to the lead electrode to which the negative electrode current collector is electrically connected than the midpoint of the side.

9B. In the case of the structure in FIG. 9B, the positive electrode current collector 212 is bent at a portion away from a connection portion to which the positive electrode current collector 212 is electrically connected. There is relatively little load such as stress. On the other hand, the curvature of the negative electrode current collector 214 occurs in a portion near the connection part to which the negative electrode current collector 214 is electrically connected, and thus stress applied to the negative electrode current collector 214 is increased. Therefore, it is particularly effective to create a contact surface with low friction, that is, surfaces where the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode current collector 214 is not formed, in order to easily release stress.

Note that although FIG. 9 illustrates the case where the strongly curved portion 101a is close to the lead electrode 216b that is electrically connected to the negative electrode current collector 214, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. When the strongly curved portion 101a is close to the lead electrode 216a electrically connected to the positive electrode current collector 212, a positive electrode current collector having a positive electrode active material layer formed on one side is used. It is preferable to make surfaces on which no material layer is formed.

In addition, when the strongly curved portion 101a is near both ends of the secondary battery 101, or when the secondary battery 101 as a whole is strongly curved, the active material on one side of both the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector It is preferable to use a current collector in which is formed. By adopting such a configuration, a contact with low friction between the surfaces of the negative electrode current collector 214 where the negative electrode active material layer is not formed and the surfaces of the positive electrode current collector where the positive electrode active material layer is not formed. The number of surfaces can be increased, and the stress when bent can be more easily released.

Next, materials that can be used for the positive electrode current collector 212, the negative electrode current collector 214, the positive electrode active material, the separator 213, the electrolytic solution 220, the negative electrode active material, and the exterior body 211 included in the secondary battery 101 will be described.

The material used for the positive electrode current collector 212 and the negative electrode current collector 214 is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits high conductivity without causing a significant chemical change in the secondary battery. For example, metals such as gold, platinum, iron, nickel, copper, aluminum, titanium, tantalum, and manganese, and alloys thereof (such as stainless steel) can be used. Moreover, you may coat | cover with carbon, nickel, titanium, etc. In addition, heat resistance may be improved by adding silicon, neodymium, scandium, molybdenum, or the like. In addition, the current collector is appropriately used in various shapes such as foil, sheet, plate, net, column, coil, punching metal, expanded metal, porous, and non-woven fabric. Can do. Further, the current collector may have fine irregularities on the surface in order to improve the adhesion with the active material. The current collector may have a thickness of 5 μm to 30 μm.

The positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material may be any material that can reversibly react with carrier ions such as lithium ions. The average particle size and particle size distribution of the active material can be controlled by pulverizing, granulating and classifying by appropriate means.

Examples of the positive electrode active material used for the positive electrode active material layer include a composite oxide having an olivine crystal structure, a layered rock salt crystal structure, or a spinel crystal structure. As the positive electrode active material, for example, a compound such as LiFeO ₂ , LiCoO ₂ , LiNiO ₂ , LiMn ₂ O ₄ , V ₂ O ₅ , Cr ₂ O ₅ , or MnO ₂ is used.

Alternatively, a composite material (general formula LiMPO ₄ (M is one or more of Fe (II), Mn (II), Co (II), and Ni (II))) can be used. Representative examples of the general formula LiMPO ₄ include LiFePO ₄ , LiNiPO ₄ , LiCoPO ₄ , LiMnPO ₄ , LiFe _a Ni _b PO ₄ , LiFe _a Co _b PO ₄ , LiFe _a Mn _b PO ₄ , LiNi _a Co _b PO ₄ . LiNi _a Mn _b PO ₄ (a + b is 1 or less, 0 <a <1, 0 <b <1), LiFe _c Ni _d Co _e PO ₄ , LiFe _c Ni _d M _e PO ₄ , LiNi _c Co _d Mn _e PO ₄ (c + d + e ≦ _{1, 0 <c <1,0 <d} <1,0 <e <1), LiFe f Ni g Co h Mn i PO 4 (f + g + h + i is 1 or less, 0 <f <1,0 < Lithium compounds such as g <1, 0 <h <1, 0 <i <1) can be used as the material.

Alternatively, a composite material such as a general formula Li _(2-j) MSiO ₄ (M is one or more of Fe (II), Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), 0 ≦ j ≦ 2) or the like is used. Can be used. Representative examples of the general formula Li _(2-j) MSiO ₄ include Li _(2-j) FeSiO ₄ , Li _(2-j) NiSiO ₄ , Li _(2-j) CoSiO ₄ , Li _(2-j) MnSiO _{4, Li (2-j)} Fe k Ni l SiO 4, Li (2-j) Fe k Co l SiO 4, Li (2-j) Fe k Mn l SiO 4, Li (2-j) Ni k Co _{l SiO 4, Li (2-} j) Ni k Mn l SiO 4 (k + l is 1 or _{less, 0 <k <1,0 <l} <1), Li (2-j) Fe m Ni n Co q SiO 4, _{Li (2-j) Fe m} Ni n Mn q SiO 4, Li (2-j) Ni m Co n Mn q SiO 4 (m + n + q is 1 or less, 0 <m <1,0 <n <1,0 <q _{<1), Li (2-} j) Fe r Ni s Co t Mn _{u SiO 4 (r + s +} t + u ≦ 1, 0 <r <1,0 <s <1,0 <t <1,0 <u <1) can be used a lithium compound such as a material.

Also, as the positive electrode active _{material, A x M 2 (XO 4} ) 3 (A = Li, Na, Mg, M = Fe, Mn, Ti, V, Nb, Al, X = S, P, Mo, W, As , Si), a NASICON compound represented by the general formula can be used. Examples of NASICON type compounds include Fe ₂ (MnO ₄ ) ₃ , Fe ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ , and Li ₃ Fe ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ . Further, as a positive electrode active material, a compound represented by a general formula of Li ₂ MPO ₄ F, Li ₂ MP ₂ O ₇ , Li ₅ MO ₄ (M = Fe, Mn), a perovskite type fluoride such as NaFeF ₃ or FeF _{3 is used.} Oxides, metal chalcogenides such as TiS ₂ and MoS ₂ (sulfides, selenides, tellurides), oxides having a reverse spinel crystal structure such as LiMVO ₄ , vanadium oxides (V ₂ O ₅ , V ₆ O ₁₃ , LiV ₃ O _8, etc.), manganese oxides, and organic sulfur-based materials can be used.

When the carrier ion is an alkali metal ion or alkaline earth metal ion other than lithium ion, in the lithium compound, lithium-containing composite phosphate, lithium-containing composite silicate, etc. as the positive electrode active material, lithium is substituted. In addition, alkali metals (for example, sodium and potassium) and alkaline earth metals (for example, calcium, strontium, barium, beryllium, magnesium, etc.) may be used.

In addition to the positive electrode active material described above, the positive electrode active material layer has a binder (binder) for increasing the adhesion of the active material, a conductive auxiliary agent for increasing the conductivity of the positive electrode active material layer, and the like. May be.

As the separator 213, cellulose (paper) or an insulator such as polypropylene, polyethylene, or glass fiber provided with pores can be used.

The electrolyte 220 uses a material that can move carrier ions and has lithium ions that are carrier ions, as an electrolyte. Representative examples of the electrolyte include lithium salts such as LiPF ₆ , LiClO ₄ , LiAsF ₆ , LiBF ₄ , LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , Li (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ N, and Li (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ N. is there. These electrolytes may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.

Further, as the solvent of the electrolytic solution 220, a material capable of moving carrier ions is used. As a solvent for the electrolytic solution, an aprotic organic solvent is preferable. Representative examples of aprotic organic solvents include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), γ-butyrolactone, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, and the like. One or more of these can be used. Further, by using a polymer material that is gelled as a solvent for the electrolyte solution, or adding a polymer material for gelation to the electrolyte solution, the safety against liquid leakage and the like is increased. Further, the storage battery can be made thinner and lighter. Typical examples of the polymer material to be gelated include silicone gel, acrylic gel, acrylonitrile gel, polyethylene oxide gel, polypropylene oxide gel, and fluorine polymer gel. In addition, by using one or more ionic liquids (room temperature molten salts) that are flame retardant and volatile as an electrolyte solvent, even if the internal temperature rises due to internal short circuit or overcharge of the storage battery, etc. This can prevent the battery from bursting or igniting. The ionic liquid is a salt in a fluid state and has high ion mobility (conductivity). The ionic liquid contains a cation and an anion. Examples of the ionic liquid include an ionic liquid containing an ethylmethylimidazolium (EMI) cation and an ionic liquid containing an N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium (PP ₁₃ ) cation.

Instead of the electrolytic solution 220, a solid electrolyte having an inorganic material such as sulfide or oxide, or a solid electrolyte having a polymer material such as PEO (polyethylene oxide) can be used. When a solid electrolyte is used, it is not necessary to install a separator or a spacer. Further, since the entire battery can be solidified, there is no risk of leakage and the safety is greatly improved.

In addition, as the negative electrode active material used for the negative electrode active material layer, materials capable of reversible reaction with lithium dissolution / precipitation or lithium ions can be used, such as lithium metal, carbon-based materials, alloy-based materials, etc. Can be used.

Lithium metal is preferable because it has a low redox potential (−3.045 V with respect to the standard hydrogen electrode) and a large specific capacity per weight and volume (3860 mAh / g and 2062 mAh / cm ³ , respectively).

Examples of the carbon-based material include graphite, graphitizable carbon (soft carbon), non-graphitizable carbon (hard carbon), carbon nanotube, graphene, and carbon black.

Examples of graphite include artificial graphite such as mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), coke-based artificial graphite, and pitch-based artificial graphite, and natural graphite such as spheroidized natural graphite.

Graphite exhibits a potential as low as that of lithium metal (0.1 to 0.3 V vs. Li / Li ⁺ ) when lithium ions are inserted into the graphite (when a lithium-graphite intercalation compound is formed). Thereby, a lithium ion secondary battery can show a high operating voltage. Further, graphite is preferable because it has advantages such as relatively high capacity per unit volume, small volume expansion, low cost, and high safety compared to lithium metal.

In addition to the above-described carbon material, an alloy-based material or oxide that can perform a charge / discharge reaction by alloying with a carrier ion or a dealloying reaction can be used as the negative electrode active material. When the carrier ions are lithium ions, examples of alloy materials include Mg, Ca, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, and In. A material containing at least one of them can be used. Such an element has a large capacity with respect to carbon. In particular, silicon has a theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh / g. For this reason, it is preferable to use silicon for the negative electrode active material. Examples of alloy materials using such elements include Mg ₂ Si, Mg ₂ Ge, Mg ₂ Sn, SnS ₂ , V ₂ Sn ₃ , FeSn ₂ , CoSn ₂ , Ni ₃ Sn ₂ , and Cu ₆ Sn _5. , Ag ₃ Sn, Ag ₃ Sb, Ni ₂ MnSb, CeSb ₃ , LaSn ₃ , La ₃ Co ₂ Sn ₇ , CoSb ₃ , InSb, SbSn, and the like.

As oxide, SiO, SnO, is SnO ₂ and the like. Note that SiO refers to a silicon oxide powder containing a silicon-rich portion, and can also be expressed as SiO _y (2>y> 0). For example, SiO includes a material including one or more selected from Si ₂ O ₃ , Si ₃ O ₄ , or Si ₂ O, and a mixture of Si powder and silicon dioxide SiO ₂ . In addition, SiO may contain other elements (carbon, nitrogen, iron, aluminum, copper, titanium, calcium, manganese, etc.). That is, it refers to a material containing a plurality of materials selected from single crystal Si, amorphous Si, polycrystalline Si, Si ₂ O ₃ , Si ₃ O ₄ , Si ₂ O, and SiO ₂ , and SiO is a colored material. If it is SiO _x that is not SiO (X is 2 or more), it is colorless and transparent or white and can be distinguished. However, when a secondary battery is manufactured using SiO as a material of the secondary battery, and SiO is oxidized by repeating charge and discharge, it may be transformed into SiO ₂ .

Further, as the negative electrode active material, titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), lithium titanium oxide (Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ ), lithium-graphite intercalation compound (Li _x C ₆ ), niobium pentoxide (Nb ₂ O ₅ ), oxidation An oxide such as tungsten (WO ₂ ) or molybdenum oxide (MoO ₂ ) can be used.

Further, as the anode active material, a double nitride of lithium and a transition metal, Li ₃ with N-type structure _{Li 3-x M x N (} M = Co, Ni, Cu) can be used. For example, Li _2.6 Co _0.4 N ₃ shows a large charge / discharge capacity (900 mAh / g, 1890 mAh / cm ³ ) and is preferable.

When lithium and transition metal double nitride is used, since the negative electrode active material contains lithium ions, it can be combined with materials such as V ₂ O ₅ and Cr ₃ O ₈ that do not contain lithium ions as the positive electrode active material. . Even when a material containing lithium ions is used for the positive electrode active material, lithium and transition metal double nitride can be used as the negative electrode active material by previously desorbing lithium ions contained in the positive electrode active material. .

A material that causes a conversion reaction can also be used as the negative electrode active material. For example, a transition metal oxide that does not undergo an alloying reaction with lithium, such as cobalt oxide (CoO), nickel oxide (NiO), or iron oxide (FeO), may be used as the negative electrode active material. As a material causing the conversion reaction, oxides such as Fe ₂ O ₃ , CuO, Cu ₂ O, RuO ₂ and Cr ₂ O ₃ , sulfides such as CoS _0.89 , NiS and CuS, Zn ₃ N _{2 are further included.} This also occurs in nitrides such as Cu ₃ N and Ge ₃ N ₄ , phosphides such as NiP ₂ , FeP ₂ and CoP ₃ , and fluorides such as FeF ₃ and BiF ₃ . Note that since the potential of the fluoride is high, it may be used as a positive electrode active material.

In addition to the negative electrode active material described above, the negative electrode active material layer has a binder (binder) for increasing the adhesion of the active material, a conductive assistant for increasing the conductivity of the negative electrode active material layer, and the like. May be.

In the present embodiment, the secondary battery has a structure in which, for example, the thickness of the separator 213 is about 15 μm to 30 μm, the positive electrode current collector is about 10 μm to about 40 μm, and the positive electrode active material layer is about 50 μm to about 100 μm. The negative electrode active material layer is about 50 μm or more and about 100 μm or less, and the negative electrode current collector is about 5 μm or more and about 40 μm or less.

As the exterior body 211, a film made of a flexible base material is used. The film preferably uses a laminate, has a resin layer on one or both surfaces of the metal film, and the resin layer on one surface functions as an adhesive layer (also referred to as a heat seal layer). As the adhesive layer, a heat-fusible resin film containing polypropylene or polyethylene can be used. In the present embodiment, a metal film having a nylon resin on one surface of an aluminum foil and a stack of an acid-resistant polypropylene film and a polypropylene film on the other surface of the aluminum foil is used as the film.

In addition, the film used for the exterior body 211 may be embossed. By using the embossed exterior body 211, the secondary battery 101 can be bent more easily.

This embodiment can be implemented in combination with any of the other embodiments as appropriate.

(Embodiment 5)
In this embodiment, a power supply system that can supply power to the power storage device included in the light control device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

Note that in this embodiment, the battery 305 as the power storage device 15 and the power receiving device 300 as the power receiving device 56 will be described.

The power storage device used for the glasses of one embodiment of the present invention supplies power to an object (hereinafter also referred to as a power receiving device) in a state where it is not in contact with a power supply source (hereinafter also referred to as a power transmission device) ( Power may be supplied by a method (also referred to as non-contact power supply or wireless power supply). Examples of the contactless power feeding method include a magnetic field resonance method, an electromagnetic induction method, and an electrostatic induction method.

In this embodiment, a power supply system in which power is supplied by a magnetic resonance method will be described as an example. The magnetic field resonance method is a method of forming a propagation path of energy by coupling resonator coils provided in both the power transmission device and the power receiving device, and other methods (electromagnetic induction method, Compared with the electric induction method, etc., the power supply distance is longer.

Here, the input impedance of the power receiving apparatus may change depending on the state of charge of the battery. That is, the input impedance of the power receiving apparatus may change dynamically during power feeding. In this case, if the output impedance of the power transmission device is constant, impedance mismatch will inevitably occur. Therefore, in the power supply by the magnetic resonance method, it may be difficult to maintain the power supply efficiency at a high value over the power supply.

Therefore, the power receiving device of the present embodiment detects a voltage proportional to the DC voltage input from the outside (the former voltage) and a voltage proportional to the current input from the outside (the latter voltage), Based on these, a DC-DC converter having a configuration in which the ratio between the former voltage and the latter voltage is kept constant is applied.

Specifically, the DC-DC converter included in the power receiving device of the present embodiment includes a first voltage proportional to the input voltage (first DC voltage) and a first voltage proportional to the input current (current generated in the load). By keeping the ratio to the voltage of 2 constant, it is possible to keep the input impedance constant. Further, the DC-DC converter can perform impedance conversion. Therefore, even when a battery to be fed is present on the output side of the DC-DC converter, the input impedance of the DC-DC converter can be maintained without depending on the charging state of the battery. It is. As a result, in the power supply by the magnetic field resonance method for the power receiving device including the DC-DC converter and the battery, it is possible to maintain the power supply efficiency at a high value over the power supply.

<1. Configuration example of power receiving device>
FIG. 10A illustrates a configuration example of a power receiving device to which power is supplied by a magnetic resonance method. A power receiving device 300 illustrated in FIG. 10A is induced in a resonance coil 301 in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by magnetic field resonance, a coil 302 in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction with the resonance coil 301, and the coil 302. A rectifier circuit 303 that rectifies a high-frequency voltage, a DC-DC converter 304 to which a DC voltage output from the rectifier circuit 303 is input, and a battery 305 that is fed using the DC voltage output from the DC-DC converter. Have. Note that the resonance coil 301 has a stray capacitance 306 between wirings constituting the resonance coil 301.

Next, a configuration example of the DC-DC converter 304 will be described.

<2. Configuration Example of DC-DC Converter>
FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 11A includes an input power detection unit 1000 to which a DC voltage (V_In) is input, and a voltage conversion unit that converts the DC voltage (V_In) into a DC voltage (V_Out) and outputs it. 2000.

  FIGS. 11B and 11C are diagrams illustrating a configuration example of the input power detection unit 1000 illustrated in FIG. An input power detection unit 1000 illustrated in FIG. 11B includes a load 1003 having one end electrically connected to the high potential side input node and the other end electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit 2000, and a DC voltage ( Means 1001 for detecting a voltage (V_1001) proportional to V_In) and means 1002 for detecting a voltage (V_1002) proportional to a current (I_1003) generated in a load 1003. Note that the voltage (V_1001) detected by the means 1001 and the voltage (V_1002) detected by the means 1002 are input to the voltage converter 2000. The input power detection unit 1000 illustrated in FIG. 11C is similar to the input power detection unit 1000 illustrated in FIG. 11B except that one end of the load 1003 is electrically connected to the low potential side input node. It has the same configuration. As shown in FIGS. 11B and 11C, in one embodiment of the present invention, the load 1003 included in the input power detection unit 1000 is electrically connected to either the high potential side input node or the low potential side input node. To be provided.

  FIG. 11D is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the voltage conversion unit 2000 illustrated in FIG. A voltage converter 2000 illustrated in FIG. 11D includes a switch 2002 that controls a current generated in the load 1003 according to switching, and a unit 2001 that controls switching of the switch 2002 based on the voltage (V_1001) and the voltage (V_1002). And have.

  Note that as the voltage conversion unit 2000 illustrated in FIG. 11D, a circuit including a voltage conversion circuit such as a step-up type, a flyback type, or an inversion type and a unit 2001 is applied, and switches included in the voltage conversion circuit Can be applied as the switch 2002.

  In the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 11A, the input current (current (I_1003) generated in the load 1003) is controlled even when the input voltage (input DC voltage (V_In)) varies. It is possible to keep the input impedance constant. Specifically, in the DC-DC converter illustrated in FIGS. 11A to 11D, the current (I_1003) generated in the load 1003 can be controlled by switching of the switch 2002. The switching of the switch 2002 is controlled by means 2001. Here, the means 2001 controls the switching of the switch 2002 based on the voltage (V_1001) detected by the means 1001 and the voltage (V_1002) detected by the means 1002. That is, the means 2001 controls the switching of the switch 2002 based on the voltage (V — 1001) proportional to the input voltage and the voltage (V — 1002) proportional to the input current. Therefore, in the DC-DC converter shown in FIGS. 11A to 11D, the ratio of the voltage (V_1001) to the voltage (V_1002) is designed to be kept constant by the switching of the switch 2002 by the means 2001. It is possible to keep the input impedance constant.

<2-1. Example of DC-DC converter>
FIG. 12A illustrates an example of a DC-DC converter. A DC-DC converter illustrated in FIG. 12A includes a load 504 whose one end is electrically connected to the high potential side input node, and a switch 505 whose one end is electrically connected to the other end of the load 504. An inductor 506 having one end electrically connected to the other end of the switch 505 and the other end electrically connected to the high potential side output node; and one end electrically connected to the other end of the switch 505 and one end of the inductor 506 And a switch 507 having the other end electrically connected to the low potential side input node and the low potential side output node (hereinafter also referred to as ground). As the load 504, a resistance load or an inductive load can be applied. As the switches 505 and 507, a transistor, a relay, or the like can be used. As the inductor 506, an air-core coil, a cored coil, or the like can be used.

  Further, the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 12A has a means 501 for detecting a voltage (V_1) proportional to the input DC voltage (V_In) and a voltage proportional to the current (I_4) generated in the load 504. The means 502 for detecting (V_2), the ratio of the voltage (V_1) to the voltage (V_2) is kept constant by controlling the switching of the switch 505 based on the voltage (V_1) and the voltage (V_2), and the switch Means 503 for turning off the switch 507 during a period in which the switch 505 is turned on, and turning on the switch 507 during a period in which the switch 505 is turned off.

  In the DC-DC converter illustrated in FIG. 12A, the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 is 0 during the period in which the switch 505 is off. Then, the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 in the period after the switch 505 changes from the off state to the on state increases with time. This is due to the self-induction of the inductor 506, and the average value of the current (I_4) generated in the load 504, which increases with time, eventually converges to a constant value. Therefore, in the DC-DC converter illustrated in FIG. 12A, the amount of current output can be controlled by controlling the switching of the switch 505.

  In the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 12A, the switching of the switch 505 by the means 503 is based on the voltage (V_1) detected by the means 501 and the voltage (V_2) detected by the means 502. Be controlled. Here, the means 501 is a means for detecting a voltage proportional to the input voltage (voltage of the input node), and the means 502 is a means for detecting a voltage proportional to the input current (current generated in the load 504). Therefore, the means 503 controls the switching of the switch 505 so that the ratio between the voltage (V_1) and the voltage (V_2) is kept constant, so that the input impedance of the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. It is possible to keep it constant.

  Note that in the DC-DC converter illustrated in FIG. 12A, the switch 507 is provided to prevent the switch 505 from being broken. Specifically, when the switch 505 changes from an on state to an off state, a current is continuously generated in the inductor 506 due to self-induction of the inductor 506. Here, if the switch 507 is not provided, when the switch 505 changes from the on state to the off state, the potential of the node to which the other end of the switch 505 and one end of the inductor 506 are electrically connected is rapidly increased. Up or down may occur. Therefore, in this case, a high voltage is applied to the switch 505. As a result, the switch 505 may be destroyed. On the other hand, in the DC-DC converter illustrated in FIG. 12A, a path of current generated in the inductor 506 can be secured by turning on the switch 507. That is, it is possible to suppress the destruction of the switch 505.

<(1) Specific example of means 501>
As the means 501, the circuit shown in FIG. 12B can be applied. In the circuit illustrated in FIG. 12B, one end is electrically connected to the high-potential side input node, one end is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor 511, and the other end is grounded. And a resistor 512. Then, the potential of a node to which the other end of the resistor 511 and one end of the resistor 512 are electrically connected is input to the means 503. That is, the circuit shown in FIG. 12B is a circuit that detects a voltage (V_1) proportional to the input voltage (V_In) by using resistance voltage division and outputs the voltage (V_1) to the means 503. is there.

<(2) Specific Example of Means 502>
As the means 502, the circuit shown in FIG. 12C can be used. The circuit illustrated in FIG. 12C includes an instrumentation amplifier 521 to which the voltage at one end of the load 504 is input as a non-inverting input signal and the voltage at the other end of the load 504 is input as an inverting input signal. The instrumentation amplifier 521 outputs to the means 503 a voltage proportional to the difference between the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal and the voltage input to the inverting input terminal. That is, the instrumentation amplifier 521 outputs a voltage proportional to the voltage applied across the load 504 to the means 503. Since the voltage applied across the load 504 is proportional to the current (I_4) generated in the load 504, the instrumentation amplifier 521 expresses that the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 is output to the means 503. It is also possible. That is, the circuit shown in FIG. 12C detects a voltage (V_2) proportional to the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 by the instrumentation amplifier 521, and outputs the voltage (V_2) to the means 503. It is.

<(3) Specific example of means 503>
As the means 503, a circuit illustrated in FIG. 12D can be used. In the circuit shown in FIG. 12D, the voltage (V_2) detected by the means 502 is input as a non-inverting input signal, and the voltage (V_1) detected by the means 501 is input as an inverting input signal. And a triangular wave oscillator 532, a voltage (triangular wave) output from the triangular wave oscillator 532 as a non-inverted input signal, a comparator 533 to which a voltage output from the error amplifier 531 is input as an inverted input signal, and a comparator 533 output. A voltage is input, a buffer 534 that controls the switching of the switch 505 by outputting a voltage in phase with the voltage output by the comparator 533, and a switch 507 by outputting a voltage in reverse phase to the voltage output by the comparator 533. And an inverter 535 for controlling the switching of the. Note that the switching of the switch 505 can be directly controlled by the voltage output from the comparator 533 (the buffer 534 is deleted from the means 503 shown in FIG. 12D).

  The error amplifier 531 amplifies and outputs the difference between the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal and the voltage input to the inverting input terminal. That is, the error amplifier 531 amplifies and outputs the difference between the voltage (V_2) and the voltage (V_1).

  The comparator 533 compares the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal with the voltage input to the inverting input terminal, and outputs a binary voltage. Specifically, a high level voltage is output during a period when the voltage output from the error amplifier 531 is lower than the triangular wave, and a low level voltage is output during a period when the voltage is high. That is, the lower the voltage output from the error amplifier 531, the greater the duty ratio in the output signal of the comparator 533. The amount of current output from the DC-DC converter is determined according to the duty ratio. Specifically, if the duty ratio is large, the current output from the DC-DC converter (current (I_4) generated in the load 504) also increases. That is, the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 increases as the voltage output from the error amplifier 531 decreases.

  Here, the voltage output by the error amplifier 531 is a voltage (V_1) proportional to the input voltage (V_In) detected by the means 501 and a voltage proportional to the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 detected by the means 502. It changes according to (V_2). For example, when the input voltage (V_In) increases, the voltage output from the error amplifier 531 decreases. In other words, when the input voltage (V_In) increases, the duty ratio at the output of the comparator 533 increases. Therefore, in the circuit illustrated in FIG. 12D, when the input voltage (V_In) is increased, the duty ratio in the output signal of the comparator 533 is increased, so that the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 is also increased. In short, in the circuit illustrated in FIG. 12D, the value of the current (I_4) generated in the load 504 can be changed in accordance with the change in the value of the input voltage (V_In). Therefore, in the circuit shown in FIG. 12D, by adjusting the design condition, the voltage (V_1) proportional to the input voltage detected by the means 501 and the current generated in the load 504 detected by the means 502 are changed. The ratio with the proportional voltage (V_2) can be kept constant.

<2-2. Modified Example of DC-DC Converter>
FIG. 13A illustrates an example of a DC-DC converter that is different from the DC-DC converter illustrated in FIG. In short, the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 13A has a structure in which the switch 507 in the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. The DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 13A has the same operations and effects as the DC-DC converter shown in FIG.

  In the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 13A, the circuit shown in FIG. 12B can be applied as the means 501 and the circuit shown in FIG. It is possible. As the means 503, the circuit illustrated in FIG. 13B can be used. In short, the circuit illustrated in FIG. 13B has a structure in which the inverter 535 is omitted from the circuit illustrated in FIG.

  13C, the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 12A includes a diode 508 shown in FIG. 13A, an anode connected to the other end of the switch 505, an end of the inductor 506, and a switch. A DC-DC converter including a diode 509 that is electrically connected to one end of 507 and the cathode of the diode 508 and whose cathode is electrically connected to the other end of the load 504 and one end of the switch 505 is a DC-DC. It is also possible to apply as the converter 304. As a result, the effect of suppressing the destruction of the switch 505 can be enhanced.

  Further, a DC-DC converter in which only the diode 508 is deleted from the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 13C or a DC-DC converter in which only the diode 509 is deleted from the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. -It is also possible to apply as the DC converter 304.

  In the power receiving device illustrated in FIG. 10A, the above-described DC-DC converter is applied as the DC-DC converter 304. Therefore, the DC-DC converter 304 is a DC-DC converter that can keep the input impedance constant. Furthermore, the input impedance of the DC-DC converter 304 does not depend on the impedance of the battery 305 existing on the output side. That is, impedance conversion is performed by the DC-DC converter 304. Therefore, the input impedance of the DC-DC converter 304 is also the input impedance of the power receiving device 300. Therefore, even when the impedance of the battery 305 changes according to the charging state of the battery 305, the input impedance of the power receiving device 300 does not change. As a result, the power receiving device 300 can perform power feeding with high power feeding efficiency without depending on the charging state of the battery 305.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, the resonance coil 301 is preferably not directly connected to other components. When other components are directly connected to the resonance coil 301, the series resistance and capacitance of the resonance coil 301 increase. In this case, the Q value of the circuit including the resonance coil 301 and other components is lower than the Q value of the circuit configured by only the resonance coil 301. This is because in the configuration in which the resonance coil 301 is directly connected to other components, the power supply efficiency is reduced as compared to the configuration in which the resonance coil 301 is not directly connected to other components.

<3. Configuration example of power supply system>
FIG. 10B is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power feeding system in which power feeding is performed by a magnetic resonance method. A power feeding system illustrated in FIG. 10B includes a power transmitting device 400 and a power receiving device 300 illustrated in FIG. Furthermore, the power transmission apparatus 400 includes a high frequency power source 401 that generates a high frequency voltage, a coil 402 to which the high frequency voltage generated by the high frequency power source 401 is applied, and a resonance coil 403 that is induced by electromagnetic induction of the coil 402. And have. Note that the resonance coil 403 includes a stray capacitance 404 between wirings constituting the resonance coil 403.

  In the power feeding system illustrated in FIG. 10B, the power receiving device 300 illustrated in FIG. 10A is used as the power receiving device. Therefore, in the power feeding system illustrated in FIG. 10B, power feeding can be performed without considering variation in input impedance in the power receiving device. That is, in the power feeding system illustrated in FIG. 10B, power feeding with high power feeding efficiency can be performed without dynamically changing the power feeding conditions.

  As shown in FIG. 10B, the resonance coil 403 is preferably not directly connected to other components.

This embodiment can be implemented in combination with any of the other embodiments as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Glasses type dimmer 2 Sunglasses type dimmer 3 Goggle type dimmer 9 Frame 10 Space 11 Lens 12 Frame front part 13 Temple 14 Reflective film 15 Power storage device 16 Light emitting diode 17 Sliding switch 18 Screw 19 Scattering light Medium 20 Liquid crystal 21 Lens 22 Sealing material 23 Polarizing plate 24 Photosensor 25 Photoelectric conversion element 26 Conductive film 31 Frame 32 Camera 33 Button type switch 34 Pad 36 Band 37 Switch 50 Light control device 52 Control unit 53 Light control member 54 Switch 55 Sensor 56 Power receiving device 60 Input signal 70 Power transmitting device 81 Light emitting element 82 Liquid crystal element 101 Secondary battery 211 Exterior body 212 Positive electrode current collector 213 Separator 214 Negative electrode current collector 216a Lead electrode 216b Lead electrode 217 Seal material 220 Electrolytic solution 221 Binding material 3 0 power receiving device 301 resonance coil 302 coil 303 rectifier circuit 304 DC-DC converter 305 battery 306 stray capacitance 400 power transmission device 401 high frequency power supply 402 coil 403 resonance coil 404 stray capacitance 501 means 502 means 503 means 504 load 505 switch 506 inductor 507 switch 508 Diode 509 Diode 511 Resistor 512 Resistor 521 Instrumentation amplifier 531 Error amplifier 532 Triangular wave oscillator 533 Comparator 534 Buffer 535 Inverter 1000 Input power detection unit 1001 Means 1002 Means 1003 Load 2000 Voltage conversion part 2001 Means 2002 Switch

Claims (15)

Frame,
A lens fixed to the frame;
A light emitting diode mounted on the frame;
A power storage device mounted on the frame,
The light control device, wherein the light emitting diode emits light toward a side surface of the lens. In claim 1,
The power storage device includes a lithium ion secondary battery. In claim 1 or claim 2,
A sliding switch is provided on the frame;
The light control device according to claim 1, wherein the color of light emitted from the light emitting diode can be adjusted using the slide switch. In any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3,
The light control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lens includes a pair of semi-transmissive lenses, and a medium that scatters light is sandwiched between the pair of semi-transmissive lenses. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
A power receiving resonance coil in which a high frequency voltage is induced by magnetic field resonance;
A power receiving coil in which a high frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction with the power receiving resonance coil;
A rectifier circuit for rectifying a high-frequency voltage induced in the power receiving coil;
A DC-DC converter to which a DC voltage output from the rectifier circuit is input,
The power storage device is supplied with power using a DC voltage output from the DC-DC converter. Frame,
A pair of lenses fixed to the frame and having a conductive film that transmits visible light on one surface;
A polarizing plate provided adjacent to the pair of lenses;
A power storage device mounted on the frame;
A liquid crystal sandwiched between the pair of lenses,
A light control device, wherein the liquid crystal orientation is changed by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal. In claim 6,
The light control device, wherein the power storage device includes a lithium ion secondary battery. In claim 6 or claim 7,
A sliding switch is provided on the frame;
The voltage applied to the liquid crystal can be adjusted by using the sliding switch. In any one of Claims 6 thru | or 8,
A light control device, wherein a photosensor is provided on the frame. In any one of Claims 6 thru | or 9,
A light control device, wherein a photoelectric conversion element is provided in the frame. In any one of Claims 6 thru | or 10,
A power receiving resonance coil in which a high frequency voltage is induced by magnetic field resonance;
A power receiving coil in which a high frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction with the power receiving resonance coil;
A rectifier circuit for rectifying a high-frequency voltage induced in the power receiving coil;
A DC-DC converter to which a DC voltage output from the rectifier circuit is input,
The power storage device is supplied with power using a DC voltage output from the DC-DC converter. The light control device according to claim 5 or 11, and a power transmission device,
The power transmission device includes a high-frequency power source that generates a high-frequency voltage;
A coil for power transmission to which a high-frequency voltage generated by the high-frequency power source is applied;
And a power transmission resonance coil in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction with the power transmission coil. A lens, a power storage device, a control unit, and a light control member;
The power storage device applies a voltage to the light control member,
The control unit controls voltage application to the dimming member by the power storage device,
The said light control member changes the color of the said lens, The light control system characterized by the above-mentioned. A lens, a power storage device, a control unit, and a light control member;
The power storage device applies a voltage to the light control member,
The control unit controls voltage application to the dimming member by the power storage device,
The said light control member adjusts the quantity of the light which passes the said lens, The light control system characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 13 or claim 14,
A power receiving device,
A dimming system that supplies power to the power storage device using the power receiving device.

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