JP2016160947A - Work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive work machine.SOLUTION: Work machines (10A, 10B) include transmissions (30A, 30B) to which power of a power source (11) is transmitted, output shafts (63A, 63B) supported by a case (31) of the transmissions (30A, 30B) and connected to intermediate shafts (37A, 37B) at a final stage of the transmissions (30A, 30B), and travel means (60) attached to the output shafts (63A, 63B). The case (31) has at least two attachment possible portions (31u, 31d) to which the output shafts (63A, 63B) can be attached. The attachment possible portions (31u, 31d) include an upper attachment possible portion (31u) positioned above the intermediate shafts (37A, 37B) at the final stage, and a lower attachment possible portion (31d) positioned below the intermediate shafts (37A, 37B) at the final stage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an improved working machine.

  A work machine such as a snowplow can travel by transmitting the power generated in the power source to the traveling means. As a conventional technique related to a work machine, there are techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.

  The snow removal machine as a working machine shown in Patent Document 1 has traveling wheels as traveling means. A snowplow having traveling wheels has a small ground contact area between the traveling means and the ground, and can easily change the direction of the aircraft. That is, the snow remover having the traveling wheels has high operability. On the other hand, in heavy snowy areas, the running wheels are slippery and may not be able to exhibit sufficient running performance. For this reason, the snowplow having the traveling wheels is suitable for use in a place with little snow.

  As the traveling means of the snowplow shown in Patent Document 2, a crawler in which a belt is stretched between a driving wheel and a driven wheel is employed. If it is a crawler, it is hard to generate | occur | produce slip rather than a driving | running | working wheel. For this reason, the snowplow having a crawler is suitable for use in a snowy place.

  Not only the snowplow but also the traveling means of the work machine is designed in consideration of the use conditions. The design conditions include not only the type of traveling means but also the size of traveling wheels and crawler drive wheels. If a working machine is designed for each use condition and component parts are prepared, the number of parts increases. Thereby, a work machine becomes expensive. If a plurality of work machines having different traveling means can share components, it is desirable that the work machine can be provided at low cost.

JP 2000-170132 A JP-A-10-68108

  An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive work machine.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the transmission to which the power of the power source is transmitted, the output shaft supported by the transmission case and connected to the intermediate shaft of the final stage of the transmission, and the output shaft A working machine having a traveling means,
The case has at least two attachable portions to which the output shaft can be attached,
The attachable part includes an upper attachable part located above the intermediate shaft of the final stage, and a lower attachable part located below the intermediate axis of the final stage,
When the output shaft is attached to the upper attachable portion and when the output shaft is attached to the lower attachable portion, the different traveling means can be attached to the output shaft. A featured work machine is provided.

As described in claim 2, preferably further comprising a work system operated by the power source for performing snow removal,
The traveling means uses a traveling wheel when the output shaft is attached to the upper attachable portion, and uses a crawler when the output shaft is attached to the lower attachable portion.

  In the invention according to claim 1, the work machine has a case having at least two attachable portions to which the output shaft can be attached. The mountable portion includes an upper mountable portion positioned above the final stage intermediate shaft and a lower mountable portion positioned below the final stage intermediate shaft. Different traveling means can be attached to the output shaft when the output shaft is attached to the upper attachable portion and when the output shaft is attached to the lower attachable portion. Even in a work machine having different traveling means, many parts of the power source and the transmission can be shared. It is possible to share parts in a plurality of work machines having different traveling means. Thereby, a working machine can be provided at low cost.

  In the invention which concerns on Claim 2, a traveling wheel is used when an output shaft is attached to an upper mountable part, and a crawler is used when an output shaft is attached to a lower mountable part. The crawler has at least two wheels arranged by a belt. As one of means for securing the traveling performance equivalent to this by the traveling wheel, increasing the diameter of the traveling wheel can be mentioned. By attaching the output shaft to the upper mountable portion, the height of the output shaft from the ground can be increased. Thereby, the diameter of a driving | running | working wheel can be enlarged and driving | running | working performance can be improved. On the other hand, the crawler has many components and is heavier than the traveling wheel. By attaching the output shaft to the lower mountable portion, the center of gravity of the work implement can be lowered. By lowering the center of gravity, the operability of the work machine provided with the crawler can be improved.

It is a side view of the snow removal machine by Example 1 of this invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. It is a side view of the snow remover by which the traveling means was changed to the crawler with respect to the snow remover shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. It is a side view of the snow removal machine by Example 2 of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description, left and right refer to the left and right based on the operator of the snowplow (working machine), and front and rear refer to the front and rear based on the traveling direction of the snowplow. In the figure, Fr indicates the front, Rr indicates the rear, Le indicates the left when viewed from the operator, Ri indicates the right when viewed from the operator, Up indicates the top, and Dn indicates the bottom.

<Example 1>
Please refer to FIG. FIG. 1 shows a snow removal machine 10A (work machine 10A) as an example of the work machine according to the present invention. The snowplow 10A includes an engine 11 (power source 11), a transmission 30A provided in front of the engine 11, traveling means 60A provided at a lower portion of the transmission 30A, and a case 31 of the transmission 30A. An electromagnetic clutch 14 provided at the front part and a work system 70 provided at the front part of the electromagnetic clutch 14 for removing snow by receiving power from the engine 11 are provided.

  Please refer to FIG. The snow removal machine 10 </ b> A is a type of snow removal machine in which an operator stands behind the left and right operation handles 16, 16 and operates by holding the operation handles 16, 16.

  Please refer to FIG. When performing snow removal, the electromagnetic clutch 14 is turned on. Thereby, a part of the power generated by the engine 11 is transmitted to the work system 70. The remaining power generated by the engine 11 is transmitted to the traveling means 60A. That is, the snow removal work is performed by operating the work system while the aircraft is traveling.

  On the other hand, the electromagnetic clutch 14 is turned off when the vehicle is traveling without snow removal. Thereby, the power generated by the engine 11 is not transmitted to the work system 70. All the power generated by the engine 11 is transmitted to the traveling means 60A.

  The engine 11 is supported by a case 31 of the transmission 30A. A drive-side sprocket 21 is attached to the rotating shaft 11 a of the engine 11 protruding into the case 31. A driven shaft 22 that is rotated by the rotating shaft 11a is provided below the rotating shaft 11a. The driven shaft 22 is supported by the case 31 via bearings 23 and 24. A driven sprocket 25 is attached to the driven shaft 22. A chain 26 is stretched between the driving side sprocket 21 and the driven side sprocket 25. An electromagnetic clutch 14 is attached to the tip of the driven shaft 22.

  As a mechanism for transmitting the power of the engine 11 to the driven shaft 22, a pulley and a belt may be used instead of the sprockets 21 and 25 and the chain 26.

  The transmission 30 </ b> A is positioned below the case 31, a first intermediate shaft 34 that is supported by the case 31 via bearings 32, 33 and to which power is transmitted from the driven shaft 22, and the first intermediate shaft 34. Second intermediate shaft 37A (final stage intermediate shaft 37A) supported by case 31 via bearings 35 and 36, drive side first speed gear 41 attached to first intermediate shaft 34, and drive side The second-speed gear 42, the driving-side back gear 43, the driven-side first-speed gear 44 that is attached to the second intermediate shaft 37A and can mesh with the driving-side first-speed gear 41, and the driving-side 2 attached to the second intermediate shaft 37A A driven side second gear 45 that can mesh with the speed gear 42 and a driven side back gear 47 that is attached to the second intermediate shaft 37A and can mesh with the driving side back gear 43 via the small-diameter gear 46.

  It should be noted that other well-known configurations can be adopted as appropriate for each element of the transmission 30A. That is, a reverse sprocket and a chain may be used. Furthermore, instead of the electromagnetic clutch 14, a non-electromagnetic clutch may be used.

  Transmission of power from the driven shaft 22 to the transmission 30A is performed by the first and second gears 51 and 52 meshing with each other. The first gear 51 is attached to the driven shaft 22, and the second gear 52 is attached to the first intermediate shaft 34.

  Please refer to FIG. The traveling means 60A includes an output shaft 63A supported on the case 31 via bearings 61A and 62A, and left and right traveling wheels 64 and 64 attached to left and right ends of the output shaft 63A.

  The output shaft 63A is located above the second intermediate shaft 37A. The position where the output shaft 63A is attached in the case 31 can be referred to as upper attachable portions 31u and 31u (attachable portions 31u and 31u). The upper mountable portions 31u, 31u are located above the rear end of the case 31 (see also FIG. 1) and above the second intermediate shaft 37A.

  Please refer to FIG. A worm 38A is formed at the rear end of the second intermediate shaft 37A. A gear 65A that can mesh with the worm 38A is attached to the output shaft 63A. That is, power is transmitted from the transmission 30A to the traveling means 60A via the worm gear mechanism.

  Please refer to FIG. The power generated in the engine 11 is transmitted to the driven shaft 22 via the rotating shaft 11a, the driving side sprocket 21, the chain 26, and the driven side sprocket 25. That is, the driven shaft 22 rotates as the rotating shaft 11a rotates. The power transmitted to the driven shaft 22 is transmitted to the transmission 30 </ b> A via the first gear 51 and the second gear 52. The power transmitted to the transmission 30A is transmitted to the traveling means 60A via the worm 38A and the gear 65A. That is, when the second intermediate shaft 37A rotates, the worm 38A and the gear 65A rotate, and the output shaft 63A rotates. As the output shaft 63A rotates, the traveling wheel 64 rotates and the snowplow 10A can travel.

  The snowplow 10A has three travel modes: low speed (first speed), high speed (second speed), and reverse. The operator switches to an arbitrary travel mode by operating the operation lever 17. For these mechanisms, known mechanisms are employed.

  The work system 70 includes an auger housing 71 provided in front of the electromagnetic clutch 14, a work shaft 72 having one end connected to the electromagnetic clutch 14 and the other end extending into the auger housing 71, and the other end of the work shaft 72. The auger 74 is connected through a worm gear mechanism and scrapes off snow, and the shooter 75 extends upward from the upper part of the auger housing 71 and projects the snow scraped off by the auger 74.

  According to the present invention, many parts can be used in adopting different traveling means. Details will be described with reference to FIGS.

  Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. The snow removal machine 10B (working machine 10B) shown in FIG. 3 is different from the snow removal machine 10A shown in FIG. 1 in that the second intermediate shaft 37B (final stage intermediate shaft 37B) and traveling means 60B are It has been changed. Other structural requirements are the same as those of the snowplow 10A shown in FIG.

  Please refer to FIG. The traveling means 60B includes an output shaft 63B supported by the case 31 via bearings 61B and 62B, and left and right crawlers 66 and 66 attached to left and right ends of the output shaft 63B.

  The output shaft 63B is located below the second intermediate shaft 37B. The position where the output shaft 63B is attached in the case 31 can be referred to as lower attachable portions 31d and 31d (attachable portions 31d and 31d). The lower mountable portions 31d and 31d are located at the front end of the case 31 (see also FIG. 3) and below the second intermediate shaft 37B.

  Please refer to FIG. A worm 38B (see FIG. 4) is formed at the front end of the second intermediate shaft 37B. A gear 65B that can mesh with the worm 38B is attached to the output shaft 63B. That is, power is transmitted from the transmission 30B to the traveling means 60B via the worm gear mechanism.

  The crawler 66 includes a driving wheel 67 attached to the output shaft 63B, a driven wheel 68 supported by a stay 68s attached to the rear portion of the case 31, and a belt stretched around the driving wheel 67 and the driven wheel 68. 69.

  According to the present invention having the above configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

  Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. The snowplows 10A and 10B have a case 31 having at least two attachable portions 31u and 31d to which the output shafts 63A and 63B can be attached. The attachable portions 31u and 31d include an upper attachable portion 31u located above the second intermediate shaft 37A and a lower attachable portion 31d located below the second intermediate shaft 37B. Here, the second intermediate shafts 37A and 37B attached to the two different snowplows 10A and 10B are both attached at the same height. Different running means 60A and 60B can be attached to the output shafts 63A and 63B depending on whether the output shaft 63A is attached to the upper attachable portion 31u and the output shaft 63B is attached to the lower attachable portion 31d. It is. Even in the snowplows 10A and 10B having different traveling means 60A and 60B, many parts of the engine 11, the electromagnetic clutch 14, and the transmissions 30A and 30B (case 31, first intermediate shaft 34, gears 41 to 47). ) And the work system 70 can be shared. In a plurality of snowplows 10A and 10B having different traveling means 60A and 60B, it is possible to share parts. Thereby, the increase in a number of parts can be prevented and snow removers 10A and 10B can be provided at low cost.

  Further, when the output shaft 63A is attached to the upper attachable portion 31u, the traveling wheel 64 is used, and when the output shaft 63B is attached to the lower attachable portion 31d, the crawler 66 is used. The crawler 66 is provided with at least two wheels 67 and 68 by a belt 69. One means for securing the traveling performance equivalent to this by the traveling wheel 64 is to increase the diameter of the traveling wheel 64. By attaching the output shaft 63A to the upper attachable portion 31u, the height of the output shaft 63A from the ground can be increased. Thereby, the diameter of the driving | running | working wheel 64 can be enlarged and driving | running | working performance can be improved.

  On the other hand, the crawler 66 is heavy and has more components than the traveling wheel 64. By attaching the output shaft 63B to the lower attachable portion 31d, the center of gravity of the snowplow 10B can be lowered. By lowering the center of gravity, the operability of the snow removal machine 10B provided with the crawler 66 can be improved.

  Further, the upper mountable portion 31 u is located at the rear end of the case 31. If it is in the vicinity of the rear end of the case 31, there are fewer parts that interfere with the traveling wheel 64 compared to other parts. Thereby, the traveling wheel 64 of a still larger diameter can be attached. The degree of design freedom can be increased.

  On the other hand, the lower mountable portion 31 d is located at the front end of the case 31. Thereby, the distance between the drive wheel 67 and the driven wheel 68 can be increased. Thereby, the belt 69 can be lengthened and the ground contact area of the belt 69 can be increased.

<Example 2>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 5 shows a snow removal machine 80B (work machine 80B) according to the second embodiment. In the snow remover 80B according to the second embodiment, a second intermediate shaft 37 (final stage intermediate shaft 37) different from the second intermediate shaft 37B used in the snow remover 10B according to the first embodiment (see FIG. 3) is employed. Has been. That is, the second intermediate shaft 37 is formed with worms 38A and 38B at both ends. About the part which is common in Example 1, while using a code | symbol, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Worms 38 </ b> A and 38 </ b> B are formed at the front end and the rear end of the second intermediate shaft 37. A gear 65B is attached to the output shaft 63B. The gear 65 meshes with one of the worms 38A and 38B, whereby the output shafts 63A and 63B are connected to the second intermediate shaft 37.

  Also in the snow remover 80B according to the second embodiment, the predetermined effect of the present invention can be obtained as described above.

  Further, since the worms 38A and 38B are formed at the front end and the rear end of the second intermediate shaft 37, the second intermediate shaft 37 can be shared. That is, the second intermediate shaft 37 can be made common in both cases where the crawler 66 is used and the traveling wheel 64 is used. Thereby, the number of parts can be further reduced.

  Although the working machine according to the present invention has been described by taking a snow removal machine as an example, it can also be applied to other working machines such as a lawn mower and a tillage machine.

  The present invention is not limited to the examples as long as the functions and effects of the present invention are exhibited.

  The work machine of the present invention is suitable for a snow remover.

10A, 10B, 80B ... Snowplow (work machine)
11 ... Engine (power source)
30A, 30B ... Transmission 31 ... Case 31u ... Upper mountable part (mountable part)
31d: Lower mountable part (mountable part)
37A, 37B, 37 ... second intermediate shaft (final stage intermediate shaft)
60A, 60B ... Traveling means 63A, 63B ... Output shaft 64 ... Traveling wheels 66 ... Crawler 70 ... Work system

Claims (2)

A work having a transmission to which the power of the power source is transmitted, an output shaft supported by the case of the transmission and connected to the intermediate shaft at the final stage of the transmission, and a traveling means attached to the output shaft In the machine
The case has at least two attachable portions to which the output shaft can be attached,
The attachable part includes an upper attachable part located above the intermediate shaft of the final stage, and a lower attachable part located below the intermediate axis of the final stage,
When the output shaft is attached to the upper attachable portion and when the output shaft is attached to the lower attachable portion, the different traveling means can be attached to the output shaft. A working machine that features. A work system that is operated by the power source to remove snow;
The travel means is a crawler when the output shaft is attached to the lower mountable portion, and a traveling wheel is used when the output shaft is attached to the upper mountable portion. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein:

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