JP2016160383A - 徐放材及び構造体 - Google Patents
徐放材及び構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016160383A JP2016160383A JP2015041586A JP2015041586A JP2016160383A JP 2016160383 A JP2016160383 A JP 2016160383A JP 2015041586 A JP2015041586 A JP 2015041586A JP 2015041586 A JP2015041586 A JP 2015041586A JP 2016160383 A JP2016160383 A JP 2016160383A
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- release material
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- meth
- sustained release
- acrylate
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Abstract
【解決手段】揮発性物質を徐放するための徐放材であって、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルに由来する構造単位を有するポリマー粒子と、当該ポリマー粒子の少なくとも一部を被覆する被覆部と、を備える、徐放材。
【選択図】なし
Description
本実施形態に係る徐放材は、揮発性物質を徐放するための徐放材であって、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルに由来する構造単位を有するポリマー粒子と、当該ポリマー粒子の少なくとも一部を被覆する被覆部と、を備える。本実施形態に係る徐放材は、揮発性物質を封入及び徐放する揮発性物質の封入兼徐放材である。
本実施形態に係る構造体は、本実施形態に係る徐放材を含む。構造体とは、揮発性物質を封入及び徐放する徐放材をテープ状(フィルム状)やプレート状等に加工したり、ゲル成分やプラスチックバック等に入れてハンドリング性を向上させたりするもの等を指すが、本実施形態に係る徐放材を含みさえすれば、これに限定されるものではない。また、本実施形態に係る徐放材を含む粘着テープ(粘着テープ状の構造体)は、例えば、馬鈴薯の流通・貯蔵時に段ボール箱の内面に粘着テープを貼付することで、ハンドリング性をより向上できる。すなわち、このような粘着テープが望まれる用途としては、馬鈴薯の輸送(特に、生食用馬鈴薯の段ボール箱を用いた輸送)において、当該粘着テープを段ボール箱の内側に貼りつけ、出荷から輸送、さらには店頭での段ボール箱の開封まで発芽成長を抑制する用途である。
(実施例1)
4Lのガラスフラスコに2100gの純水と16gのポリビニルアルコール(けん化度80mol%)とを入れ、メチルメタクリレート(メタクリル酸メチル)960gにラウリルパーオキサイド4.8gを溶解した混合物を更に加え、温度60℃で4時間保温した後に、90℃にて1時間保温後冷却して、核部となるポリマー粒子を含有する核粒子スラリー液を得た。核粒子スラリー液を再度70℃に加熱し、アクリロニトリル179.2g、スチレン460.8g及びラウリルパーオキサイド3.2gの混合物を約3時間かけて滴下し、その後5時間保温した後に、90℃にて1時間保温後冷却して多層粒子スラリーを得た。得られた多層粒子スラリーを遠心脱水機にて脱水した後に、70℃にて12時間乾燥し、多層粒子を得た。
核部となるメチルメタクリレートの一部をエチルアクリレート(アクリル酸エチル)に置き換え、その質量比を95:5に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に実施して多層粒子を得た。
核部となるメチルメタクリレートの一部をエチルアクリレートに置き換え、その質量比を90:10に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に実施して多層粒子を得た。
核部となるメチルメタクリレートの一部をエチルアクリレートに置き換え、その質量比を70:30に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に実施して多層粒子を得た。
核部となるメチルメタクリレートを全量スチレンに置き換えた以外は実施例1と同様に実施して多層粒子を得た。
得られた多層粒子の特性評価を下記のとおり実施した。
多層粒子は溶剤及び溶離液(テトラヒドロフラン)に不溶になるため、得られた多層粒子の内核部(ポリマー粒子)のみの重量平均分子量をゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーにより測定した。液状クロマトグラフィーシステムとしては、送液ポンプ(PU−2080、日本分光(株)製)、オートサンプラー(AS−2059、日本分光(株)製)、恒温槽(CO−2060、日本分光(株)製)、RI検出器(RI−2031、日本分光(株)製)及びPC(NEC製)により構成されるものを使用した。カラムとしては、PLgel 5μm MIXED−D(Agilent Technologies(株)製、長さ300mm、内径7.5mm)を2連結したものを用い、テトラヒドロフラン溶離液を0.8mL/minの流量で40℃にて流し測定した。試料(核粒子スラリー液)をテトラヒドロフランに溶解しカラムに供試した。検量線はポリスチレン標準試料Sigma−Aldrich製を用いて作成した。測定結果を表1に示す。
得られた多層粒子を乾燥した後、ベックマン・コールター社製レーザー回折・散乱方式のLS-13−320にて粒径を測定した。適量の多層粒子を再度純水に分散させ、屈折率1.49にて湿式法により粒径を測定した。これらの2つの粒径の平均粒径を算出した。算出結果を表1に示す。
各実施例の多層粒子のモルフォロジーを下記のとおり評価した。得られた多層粒子をエポキシ樹脂で包埋し、ミクロトームでトリミング後、ルテニウム溶液にて染色し、電界放出型透過電子顕微鏡(日本電子製、JEM−2100F)にて像を観察した。多層粒子のモルフォロジー例を図2に示す。図2中、Aはポリマー粒子(コア層)を示し、Bは被覆層(シェル層)を示し、Cはエポキシ封止層を示す。図2の例を含めた各実施例の多層粒子において各層の境界が確認され、実施例で示した製法により確実な多層粒子を得ることができることがわかった。
エチレン封入量は、加圧状態でエチレンを封入させるため、一般的な天秤ではその挙動を測定することは難しい。本測定においては、天秤のバスケット部分を磁気の反発力を用いて浮遊させ、圧力の影響を及ぼさない、磁気浮遊天秤(Rubotherm製、MSB−B−HP−250)を用いて測定した。測定温度313K、353K、403K、圧力0.5〜6.0MPaで測定を行った。各多層粒子の測定結果から検量線を引き、25℃、5MPaでのエチレン封入量(エチレン含有量)の計算値を得た。エチレン封入量の計算値を表1に示す。
ガス徐放性は、熱天秤装置(リガク製Thermoplus TG8120)を用いて質量減少を測定することで評価した。10%質量減少に必要な時間を40℃及び80℃で測定し、アレニウスプロットより常温(25℃)での徐放化時間を得た。各多層粒子のエチレン徐放時間(10%徐放時間)を表1に示す。
得られた実施例2の多層粒子を、アルミニウム蒸着ポリプロピレン性シールバック(210mm×300mm×2mm厚)に、表2に記載の質量入れ、直ちに真空でヒートシールした。真空引きの時間は3秒とした。各時間のエチレンガス濃度は、エチレンガス検知管(三商製ガステックガス検知管172エチレン又は172Lエチレン)を各アルミニウムパックに差込んで測定した。測定結果を表2に示す。
外寸360mm×270mm×188mm、内寸355mm×265mm×180mmの段ボール箱の側面と上面に30mm×50mmの窓を各々開け、ポリプロピレン板を貼り付け、観察窓とした。馬鈴薯(北海道十勝産男爵)を10kg入れ、実施例2で作製した多層粒子にエチレンを封入したものを、不織布のパック(市販の「お茶パック」)に、表3に記載の質量入れ、それを段ボール箱の上面の内側に貼り付け、段ボール箱を閉じ、クラフトテープでとめた。各期間での馬鈴薯発芽状態の観察と、段ボール箱内のエチレンガス濃度の測定とを行った。エチレンガス濃度は、各時間のガスをガラス製ガス用シリンジで抽出し、ガスクロマトグラフ質量分析計(日本電子製JMS−Q1050GC)にて測定した。放出エチレンガス濃度の測定結果、及び、馬鈴薯発芽状態の観察結果を表3に示す。
Claims (13)
- 揮発性物質を徐放するための徐放材であって、
(メタ)アクリル酸エステルに由来する構造単位を有するポリマー粒子と、当該ポリマー粒子の少なくとも一部を被覆する被覆部と、を備える、徐放材。 - ラジカル重合により形成された粒子である、請求項1に記載の徐放材。
- 水系重合により形成された粒子である、請求項1に記載の徐放材。
- 懸濁重合により形成された粒子である、請求項1に記載の徐放材。
- 多層粒子である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材。
- 平均粒径が10nm〜1000μmである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が、メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を50質量%以上有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が、アクリル酸エチルに由来する構造単位を1質量%以上有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材。
- 前記被覆部が、アクリロニトリルに由来する構造単位を10質量%以上有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材。
- 前記揮発性物質が炭化水素である、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材。
- 前記揮発性物質がエチレンである、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の徐放材を含む、構造体。
- 粘着テープである、請求項12に記載の構造体。
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JP2006035210A (ja) * | 2004-06-21 | 2006-02-09 | Nisshin Chem Ind Co Ltd | マイクロカプセルエマルジョン及びその製造方法 |
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JP2006035210A (ja) * | 2004-06-21 | 2006-02-09 | Nisshin Chem Ind Co Ltd | マイクロカプセルエマルジョン及びその製造方法 |
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