JP2016159404A - Chucking device with nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chucking device with a nozzle capable of adjusting a coolant discharging state.SOLUTION: A chucking device with a nozzle includes a plurality of chuck claws, a chuck opening/closing mechanism for opening/closing the chuck claws, a nozzle 30 disposed in the center part of the plurality of chuck claws, and a coolant supply path for supplying coolants. The nozzle 30 includes a nozzle recessed part 33 provided in the workpiece processing part of a chuck body supporting the chuck claws, a truncated cone-shaped nozzle member 32 inserted into the nozzle recessed part 33 from a small-diameter part side to be fitted, and a coolant flow path for communicating the coolant supply path with the inside of the nozzle recessed part 33. The nozzle member 32 is fitted in the nozzle recessed part 33 via position adjustment means 322 and 332 for adjusting an insertion-direction position, and coolants supplied through the coolant flow path are discharged from a gap 35 between the wall surface of the nozzle recessed part 33 and the nozzle member 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a nozzle-equipped chuck device including a nozzle capable of adjusting a coolant discharge state.

  In a lathe that performs boring or inner diameter processing, a cutting fluid (coolant) is discharged to an inner diameter portion of a workpiece to remove chips. For this reason, the chuck device for the spindle is provided with a coolant nozzle for spraying the cutting fluid onto the inner diameter side surface which is a machining portion with respect to the gripped workpiece. For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a nozzle-equipped chuck device including such a coolant nozzle. In the chuck device, a coolant nozzle is attached to the central portion of the chuck, and coolant supplied from the draw bar side is discharged from the nozzle to the workpiece.

JP 2012-240175 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-103143

  The nozzle-equipped chuck device of the above publication is provided with a nozzle having a nozzle hole, so that the discharge state of the discharged coolant is constant. Therefore, when there is a change in the machining content of the workpiece, the coolant cannot be sprayed to an appropriate position according to the machining content. For this reason, it is necessary to replace the nozzle with a different coolant discharge angle, which increases the labor of the operator due to the setup change, and increases the cost required for multiple nozzles and the burden of component management. On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a discharge nozzle that can be adjusted in angle by being rotated by a rack gear. However, this discharge nozzle has a complicated structure and cannot be assembled to the chuck device.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a chuck device with a nozzle including a nozzle capable of adjusting the discharge state of the coolant in order to solve such a problem.

  A chuck device with a nozzle according to the present invention includes a plurality of chuck claws for gripping a workpiece disposed at a central portion, a chuck opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the chuck claws, and a plurality of nozzles disposed at a central portion of the chuck claws. And a coolant supply channel for supplying coolant to the nozzle, wherein the nozzle is a nozzle recess provided on the work processing portion side of the chuck body that supports the chuck claw, and the nozzle A frustum-shaped nozzle member that is inserted and attached in the recess from the small-diameter side, and a coolant channel that communicates with the coolant supply channel and the nozzle recess, and the nozzle member is positioned in the insertion direction. The coolant that is attached in the nozzle recess through the position adjusting means for adjusting the coolant and supplied through the coolant flow path is It is to discharge the wall surface of the nozzle recess and from the gap between the nozzle member.

  According to the present invention, the nozzle member inserted into the nozzle recess is attached in a state where the position in the insertion direction is adjusted by a position adjusting means such as a screw, and supplied from the coolant channel into the nozzle recess. The coolant is discharged from the gap between the nozzle recess and the nozzle member. The coolant discharge state can be changed by adjusting the position of the nozzle member. Therefore, the operator can easily change the coolant discharge state simply by adjusting the position of the nozzle member, and the coolant can be sprayed even at locations that were not directly sprayed compared to the conventional example in which the nozzle shape is constant. be able to.

It is sectional drawing which showed one Embodiment of the main axis | shaft apparatus provided with the chuck apparatus with a nozzle. It is the front view which showed one Embodiment of the chuck apparatus with a nozzle. It is a partial cross section figure of the chuck apparatus with a nozzle shown by the AA arrow of FIG. It is sectional drawing of a coolant nozzle. It is sectional drawing which showed the discharge state (A) (B) from which a coolant nozzle differs. It is sectional drawing which showed the modification of the coolant nozzle. It is the figure which showed the modification of the top which comprises a Coolan nozzle.

  Next, an embodiment of a chuck device with a nozzle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The chuck device of the present embodiment is provided on a main spindle of a lathe, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the main spindle device of a lathe provided with the chuck device of the present embodiment. 2 is a front view showing the chuck device 3, and FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the chuck device 3 shown by arrows AA in FIG.

  The spindle device 1 is fixed to a base (not shown), and a chuck device 3 is connected to a spindle 2 that is rotatably supported. The chuck device 3 clamps and unclamps a workpiece (workpiece) W at the center position by three gripping claws 11, and an opening / closing mechanism 13 is incorporated between the gripping claws 11 and the draw bar 12. . The opening / closing mechanism 13 converts the axial motion of the draw bar 12 along the rotation axis O1 into a direct radial motion, and the axial reciprocating linear motion applied to the draw bar 12 moves in the radial direction. It is converted into the clamping and unclamping operation of the grip claw 11.

  The main shaft 2 into which the draw bar 12 is inserted is a cylindrical body that is rotatably assembled to the main shaft base 15 via a bearing, and similarly, the cylindrical rotating body 4 is integrally connected thereto. An electric motor 6 is assembled to the rotating body 4, and the rotating body 4 and the main shaft 2 are rotated by the output of the electric motor 6. On the other hand, the draw bar 12 is connected to the chuck rod 14 coaxially, and the chuck rod 14 and the rotating body 4 have a connecting portion 16 in which a key and a key groove are engaged with each other. Accordingly, the drawbar 12 rotates along the main shaft 2 and can move linearly in the axial direction along the key groove with respect to the non-rotating main shaft 2.

  The chuck rod 14 is formed with a male screw 141, which is screwed with a female screw 171 formed on the cylindrical rotary member 17, and the axial movement of the draw bar 12 is obtained by the rotational movement of the rotary member 17. It is like that. The rotating member 17 is provided with a clutch 18, and a belt 19 is stretched between the rotating member 17 and the servo motor 8 via the clutch 18. Therefore, the servomotor 8 and the rotating member 17 are configured such that the power transmission between them is switched between the connected state and the disconnected state by the clutch 18.

  In such a spindle device 1, the rotating member 17 is rotated by driving the servo motor 8, and the draw bar 12 is moved in the axial direction. When the draw bar 12 moves backward (moves to the left in FIG. 1), in the chuck device 3, the gripping claws 11 approach each other to grip the workpiece W, and when it moves in the opposite direction, the gripping of the workpiece is released. After the workpiece W is gripped, if the electric motor 6 is driven in a state where the transmission with the servo motor 22 is interrupted by the clutch 18, rotation is applied to the main shaft 2, and the draw bar 12 is rotated to rotate the chuck device 3. The workpiece W also rotates. A cutting tool attached to a tool post (not shown) is applied to the rotated workpiece W, and cutting or the like is performed.

  The chuck device 3 according to the present embodiment is configured so that coolant can be discharged toward the inner diameter portion of the workpiece W so that chips are not accumulated inside the workpiece W on which inner diameter processing or the like is performed and the processing is not hindered. Has been. Therefore, a coolant channel 21 that penetrates the shaft center is formed in the draw bar 12 and the chuck rod 14, and communicates with a coolant nozzle 30 formed in the chuck device 3. On the other hand, a coolant pipe 22 communicating with the coolant flow path 21 is connected to the chuck rod 14, and the coolant is supplied via a rotary joint 23.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the coolant nozzle 30 is provided at the center of the front portion of the chuck device 3 so that the coolant can be discharged to an inner diameter portion that is a processing portion of the workpiece W. Here, FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the coolant nozzle 30. In the coolant nozzle 30, the nozzle block 31 is fastened to the chuck body 25 by bolts. The nozzle block 31 is screwed at three locations as shown in FIG. 2, and a circular piece 32 is attached to the center thereof. In the top 32, a conical nozzle portion 321 and a male screw portion 322 projecting from a small-diameter plane of the nozzle portion 321 are integrally formed.

  A mortar-shaped nozzle recess 33 corresponding to the conical shape of the nozzle portion 321 is formed in the nozzle block 31. The top 32 and the nozzle recess 33 are circular in cross section perpendicular to the central axis O, and the central axis O coincides with the rotational axis O1 of the main shaft 2 of the main spindle device 1. The both side surfaces of the top 32 and the nozzle recess 33 are designed to have substantially the same inclination with respect to the central axis O and are in a parallel attachment state. The nozzle recess 33 having such a circular cross section changes so that the diameter of the circle decreases from the surface 311 side of the nozzle block 31 toward the back of the chuck body 25, and a screw hole 332 is formed in the bottom surface 331. Further, a coolant supply passage 28 communicating with the coolant passage 21 of the draw bar 12 is formed in the chuck body 25, and a coolant flow for allowing the coolant supply passage 28 to communicate with the nozzle recess 33 is formed in the nozzle block 31. A plurality of paths 34 are formed around the screw holes 332. In this embodiment, it is formed in four places at intervals of 90 degrees on the same circumference.

  The top 32 is integrated with the nozzle block 31 by screwing the male screw portion 322 into the screw hole 332. In that case, it attaches so that the clearance gap 35 may be made between the top 32 and the side surface of the nozzle recessed part 33. FIG. That is, the coolant nozzle 30 passes through a cylindrical gap 35 whose diameter increases from the bottom surface 331 side of the nozzle recess 33, and the coolant is discharged from the surface 311 side of the nozzle block 31. And the adjustment means which adjusts the position of the top 32 with respect to the nozzle recessed part 33 is provided so that the discharge state may be switched. That is, it is the male screw part 322 with respect to the screw hole 332, and the position of the top 32 along the central axis O can be adjusted by the screwing amount.

  The top 32 has a hexagonal hole 325 formed in the center of the large-diameter side plane, and the rotation position can be adjusted with a hexagon wrench. That is, the frame 32 is not fixed by a fixed amount of screws, but is attached with an arbitrary amount of tightening. Therefore, in this embodiment, a loosening prevention means is provided to prevent the top 32 from being displaced at the adjusted tightening position. The loosening prevention means is such that a spring 37 holding the ball 36 is inserted into a hole 327 formed in the small-diameter side plane of the top 32, and the ball 36 is applied to the bottom surface 331 of the nozzle concave portion 33. Thus, the biasing force of the spring 37 is always applied. A plurality of dents 338 are formed on the same circumference on the bottom surface 331 of the nozzle recess 33 so that the ball 36 is fitted therein.

  Therefore, in the coolant nozzle 30, the top 32 is mounted in the nozzle recess 33 of the nozzle block 31 when the male screw portion 322 is screwed into the screw hole 332. The frame 32 is rotated by a predetermined amount clockwise or counterclockwise using a hexagon wrench to adjust the tightening amount. At this time, adjustment is performed at intervals of 90 degrees, and the ball 32 is positioned by fitting the ball 36 into the recess 338, and the attached state of the frame 32 is stabilized by the urging force of the spring 37. Then, the coolant is discharged from the coolant nozzle 30 to the workpiece W being processed. Here, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing different discharge states (A) and (B) of the coolant nozzle 30.

  When the top 32 is rotated clockwise and the screw is tightened, the coolant nozzle 30 has a narrow gap 35 as shown in FIG. 5A, and conversely, the top 32 is rotated counterclockwise. When the screw is loosened by turning, the gap 35 is widened as shown in FIG. The displacement of the top 32 changes the size of the discharge port 39 shown in FIG. The discharge port 39 is a circular opening formed by the peripheral edge of the large-diameter side flat surface 328 of the top 32 and the peripheral edge of the nozzle recess 33 on the surface 311 side. Therefore, when the top 32 is displaced along the central axis O, the distance between the large-diameter side plane 328 of the top 32 and the surface 311 of the nozzle block 31 is changed, and the opening degree of the discharge port 39 is changed.

  Therefore, the coolant supplied through the coolant supply channel 28 flows into the nozzle recess 33 from the coolant channel 34 of the nozzle block 31, and is discharged from the discharge port 39 through the gap 35 between the top 32 and the nozzle recess 33. The Since the coolant nozzle 30 has a circular discharge port 39, the coolant is discharged in the direction of 360 degrees and sprayed to the inner diameter portion of the workpiece W. At this time, if the top 32 is tightened and the discharge port 39 is small, the coolant is discharged at an angle substantially along the side surface of the nozzle recess 33 through the narrow gap 35 as shown in FIG. Is done. On the other hand, when the tightening of the top 32 is loosened and the gap 35 and the discharge port 39 are large, the coolant is discharged at a wide angle as shown in FIG. Therefore, the coolant is sprayed toward the inner diameter portion farther from the near side of the workpiece W close to the coolant nozzle 30, and the coolant spraying range H is widened.

  In this way, the coolant nozzle 30 can change the discharge state by adjusting the top 32, and the coolant can be sprayed even on the chips that are not directly sprayed in the conventional example in which the nozzle hole is fixed. In particular, the spray range H extends from the near side of the workpiece W close to the coolant nozzle 30 toward the back, so that the coolant can be sprayed even on chips that have not been directly sprayed until the nozzle itself is replaced. And the adjustment of the spraying range H performed at the time of setup change or the like is simply performed by turning the top 32 of the coolant nozzle 30 and can be easily performed by the operator. At this time, it is preferable to display a scale on the nozzle block 31 and the top 32 so that the adjustment amount is easily understood.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of nozzles according to the processing content of the workpiece W, and it is possible to reduce the cost of components for the nozzles, and it is not necessary to manage components. Moreover, since the coolant nozzle 30 can also be used for a conventional chuck device, the above-described effects can be achieved with reduced costs. In addition, since the discharge port 39 of the coolant nozzle 30 is circular, the coolant discharged in the direction of 360 degrees is blown to the chips existing in the spray range H, and the chips can be efficiently removed. Further, since both side surfaces of the top 32 and the nozzle recess 33 are formed substantially in parallel, the coolant is ejected vigorously from the narrow frustoconical gap 35. Furthermore, the spring 37 in which the ball 36 is fitted in the recess 338 stabilizes the mounting state of the top 32, so that the coolant discharge state can be kept constant.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows a modification of the coolant nozzle. The coolant nozzle 40 is configured such that a nozzle block 41 is fastened to a chuck main body 25 with bolts, and a top 42 is attached to a nozzle recess 43 formed in the center thereof. The shape and size of the nozzle block 41 and the top 42 are the same as those shown in FIG. The difference is that the through hole 44 on the central axis O formed in the nozzle recess 43 is a coolant channel and also a screw hole in which a female screw is formed. A flow path 425 as shown in the figure is formed inside the male screw part 422 of the top 42, and coolant is supplied from the through hole 44 to the gap 45 through the flow path 425 in the male screw part 422. It is like that.

  Therefore, the same effect as the coolant nozzle 30 of the above-described embodiment can be obtained even with the coolant nozzle 40. Furthermore, according to the coolant nozzle 40, even if the nozzle block 41 has no space for forming the coolant channel, the coolant channel can be secured.

  As another modification, a frame 52 shown in FIG. 7 is used instead of the frame 32 shown in FIG. The top 52 has a plurality of curved grooves 522 formed on the side surface of the truncated cone. When the top 52 is used, when the coolant flows from the small diameter side toward the large diameter side through the gap 35 (see FIG. 4) and is discharged from the discharge port 39 (see FIG. 5), the side surface portion 521 and the groove portion The discharge direction of each coolant passing through 522 is different, and the discharged coolant is disturbed. Therefore, when the spraying state of the coolant changes, chips are easily removed by receiving an impact from various directions.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of the chuck apparatus with a nozzle of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the shape of the frame is shown in the shape of a truncated cone. However, the shape may be a truncated pyramid shape. Since the coolant is discharged when the chuck device 3 is rotating, it is conceivable that the centrifugal force acts to disturb the coolant discharged along each surface.
In addition, the coolant nozzle 30 of the above embodiment is configured by fixing the chuck block 31 to the chuck body 25, but the nozzle recess is formed in the chuck body 25 and the frame 32 is attached. May be.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the shape of the nozzle recessed part 33 was made into the shape of a mortar shape according to the truncated cone-shaped top 32, a cylindrical shape may be sufficient, for example. Also in this case, since the flow directions along the both side surfaces of the top and the nozzle recess are different, it is conceivable that the discharged coolant is disturbed.
In the above-described embodiment, the screw is described as the position adjusting means for adjusting the position in the insertion direction of the top 32 as the nozzle member. However, the screw may be other than the screw. The relationship with the screw may be reversed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Main axis | shaft apparatus 2 ... Main axis | shaft 3 ... Chuck apparatus 11 ... Chuck claw 12 ... Draw bar 13 ... Opening / closing mechanism 21 ... Coolant flow path 25 ... Chuck main body 30 ... Coolant nozzle 31 ... Nozzle block 32 ... Top 33 ... Nozzle recessed part 34 ... For coolant Flow path 35 ... Gap 36 ... Ball 37 ... Spring 321 ... Nozzle part 322 ... Male screw part 332 ... Screw hole 338 ... Recess

Claims (7)

Supplying coolant to the nozzles, a plurality of chuck claws for gripping the workpiece arranged in the central part, a chuck opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the chuck claws, a nozzle arranged in the central part of the chuck claws. In a chuck device with a nozzle having a coolant supply flow path,
The nozzle includes a nozzle recess provided on the workpiece processing portion side of the chuck body that supports the chuck pawl, a frustum-shaped nozzle member that is inserted into the nozzle recess from the small diameter portion side, and the coolant supply. A flow path and a coolant flow path communicating with the inside of the nozzle recess,
The nozzle member is attached in the nozzle recess through a position adjusting unit that adjusts the position in the insertion direction, and the coolant supplied through the coolant flow path includes a wall surface of the nozzle recess, the nozzle member, and the nozzle member. A nozzle-equipped chuck device characterized by being discharged from a gap between the nozzles.   The position adjusting means is a first screw part formed on the small diameter part side of the nozzle member and a second screw part formed in the nozzle recess that is screwed to the first screw part. The chuck device with a nozzle according to claim 1.   3. The nozzle recess according to claim 1, wherein a wall surface in the vicinity of a surface of the chuck body on the workpiece processing portion side is formed at an angle substantially parallel to an inclination of the surface of the nozzle member. The chuck apparatus with a nozzle of description.   The first screw portion of the nozzle member is a male screw, and a female screw that is the second screw portion with respect to the male screw is formed in the nozzle recess in the coolant recess. 4. The chuck device with a nozzle according to claim 2, wherein a flow path that communicates the coolant flow path and the inside of the nozzle recess is formed in the male screw portion. 5.   A biasing member is provided between the nozzle member and the nozzle recess, and a ball is held at the tip of the biasing member, and the ball fits into one or more positioning holes formed in the nozzle recess. The nozzle-equipped chuck device according to claim 1, wherein the chuck device has a nozzle.   The chuck device with a nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle member has a truncated cone shape or a truncated pyramid shape. 6. The nozzle member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the nozzle member has a truncated cone shape, and a plurality of curved grooves are formed on a side surface from the small diameter portion side to the large diameter portion side. A chuck device with a nozzle according to claim 1.

Images