JP2016157662A - Electromagnetic relay and failure detection method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a compact electromagnetic relay which allows for self-diagnosis of the presence or absence of a failure, and to obtain a failure detection method thereof.SOLUTION: An electromagnetic relay includes an operation coil excited by an operation command signal inputted from an input terminal, a main contact that is opened and closed by excitation of the operation coil, an auxiliary contact interlocked with the main contact, and is opened and closed at the same timing as the main contact, an auxiliary coil connected in parallel with the operation coil, and excited depending on the operation command signal, an abnormality detection contact that is opened and closed by excitation of the auxiliary coil, and an alarm output terminal connected with the auxiliary contact and abnormality detection contact, brought into open state when the open/close state of the main contact is same as that of the abnormality detection contact, and brought into closed state when the open/close states of the main contact and abnormality detection contact are different from each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic relay used in a relay sequence circuit or the like and a failure detection method thereof.

  In the conventional relay sequence circuit, even if a malfunction of the relay sequence circuit occurs due to a single failure of the control electromagnetic relay, first, it is assumed that the circuit configuration deficiency of the relay sequence circuit is the cause of the malfunction Often done. For this reason, after the circuit configuration verification of the relay sequence circuit is performed, the failure check of the single electromagnetic relay is performed, and there is a problem that much time and labor are required to investigate the cause of the malfunction of the relay sequence circuit.

  Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, as an electromagnetic relay capable of self-diagnosis of abnormality (failure), a detection unit that detects the open / close state of the contact unit, and an open / close state of the contact unit that the detection unit detects 2. Description of the Related Art An electromagnetic switching device is known that includes an abnormality determination unit that determines whether there is an abnormality based on an open / close state of a contact point that corresponds to an external command and an output unit that outputs the determination result of the abnormality determination unit to the outside (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-199115 A

  However, in the electromagnetic switching device of Patent Document 1, the detection unit, the abnormality determination unit, and the output unit are each realized by separate hardware (circuit) and a microcomputer that executes various software. Therefore, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an electromagnetic relay that is small in size and capable of self-diagnosis of a failure and a failure detection method thereof.

  The electromagnetic relay according to the present invention is the same as the main contact in conjunction with the operating coil that is excited in response to the operation command signal input from the input terminal, the main contact that is opened and closed by the excitation of the operating coil, and the main contact. Auxiliary contact that opens and closes at the same timing, an auxiliary coil that is connected in parallel with the operation coil and is excited in response to an operation command signal, an abnormality detection contact that is opened and closed by excitation of the auxiliary coil, and an auxiliary contact and an abnormality detection contact Alarm output terminal that is open when the main contact open / close state and the error detection contact open / close state are the same, and that is closed when the main contact open / close state and the error detection contact open / close state are different from each other Are provided.

  A failure detection method for an electromagnetic relay according to the present invention includes a step of exciting an operating coil in accordance with an operation command signal input from an input terminal and leveling a main contact, and an operating coil in response to the operation command signal. Exciting the auxiliary coils connected in parallel to open and close the anomaly detection contact, comparing the main contact open / close state and the anomaly detection contact open / close state, and the main contact open / close state and the anomaly detection contact open / close And a step of outputting an abnormality of at least one of the operating coil and the main contact to the outside when the states are different from each other.

  In the present invention, when the alarm output terminal has the same open / close state of the main contact that is opened / closed by excitation of the operating coil and the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact that is opened / closed by excitation of the auxiliary coil connected in parallel with the operating coil When the open / close state of the main contact and the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact are different from each other, the closed state is established. Therefore, when a signal is output from the alarm output terminal, it can be seen that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the operating coil and the main contact. As a result, it is possible to obtain a small-sized electromagnetic relay and a failure detection method thereof capable of self-diagnosis of the presence or absence of a failure.

It is a circuit diagram which shows the electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electromagnetic relay which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an electromagnetic relay and a failure detection method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated about the part which is the same or it corresponds in each figure.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an electromagnetic relay 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 1 includes an operating coil 2, an input terminal 3, a main circuit contact (hereinafter abbreviated as “main contact”) 4, an output terminal 5, an auxiliary coil 6, and an abnormality detection contact. 7, an auxiliary contact 8 and an alarm output terminal 9 are provided.

  The operating coil 2 opens and closes the main contact 4 by being excited according to the operation command signal 20 input from the input terminal 3. The open / closed state of the main contact 4 is output to the output terminal 5.

  The electromagnetic relay 1 according to the first embodiment includes an abnormality detection contact 7 for detecting an abnormality and an auxiliary coil 6 that opens and closes the abnormality detection contact 7. The auxiliary coil 6 is connected in parallel with the operation coil 2, and is excited according to the operation command signal 20 to open and close the abnormality detection contact 7 independently of the main contact 4.

  As a result, the abnormality detection contact 7 has the same open / closed state as the main contact 4 when no abnormality has occurred in the operation coil 2 and the main contact 4 and is connected to at least one of the operation coil 2 and the main contact 4. When an abnormality occurs, the open / close state is different from that of the main contact 4.

  The auxiliary contact 8 is mechanically interlocked with the main contact 4 and opens and closes at the same timing as the main contact 4. The main contact 4, the abnormality detection contact 7, and the auxiliary contact 8 are each composed of a switching contact in which a make contact and a break contact are combined.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 1, one end of the make contact 7a of the abnormality detection contact 7 is connected in series with one end of the break contact 8b of the auxiliary contact 8, and one end of the break contact 7b of the abnormality detection contact 7 is connected to the auxiliary contact 8b. The contact 8 is connected in series with one end of the make contact 8a. The other end of the make contact 7a of the abnormality detection contact 7 and the other end of the break contact 7b of the abnormality detection contact 7 are connected to one end of the alarm output terminal 9, and the other end of the make contact 8a of the auxiliary contact 8 and the auxiliary contact. The other end of the break contact 8 b is connected to the other end of the alarm output terminal 9.

  As a result, the alarm output terminal 9 is opened when the open / close state of the main contact 4 and the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact 7 are the same, and the open / close state of the main contact 4 and the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact 7 are different. It will be closed.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the electromagnetic relay 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the specific structure of the electromagnetic relay 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The main contact movable piece 30 of the main contact 4 is supported by a main contact movable piece support member 30a and a main contact movable piece hinge portion 30b. The main contact 4 is connected to the break contact 4b side by the main contact movable piece return spring 30c when the operation coil 2 is not excited, and is connected to the make contact 4a side when the operation coil 2 is excited. .

  On the opposite side of the main contact 4 from the main contact 4, an auxiliary contact 8 that is electrically insulated from the main contact 4 by an insulating member 32 and mechanically interlocked with the main contact 4 is arranged. ing. Thereby, the auxiliary contact 8 has the same open / close state as the main contact 4.

  The abnormality detection contact movable piece 31 of the abnormality detection contact 7 is supported by an abnormality detection contact movable piece support member 31a and an abnormality detection contact movable piece hinge part 31b. The abnormality detection contact 7 is connected to the break contact 7b side by the abnormality detection contact movable piece return spring 31c when the auxiliary coil 6 is not excited, and is connected to the make contact 7a side when the auxiliary coil 6 is excited. Is done.

  Next, the operation of the electromagnetic relay 1 according to the first embodiment when no abnormality has occurred in the operating coil 2 and the main contact 4 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  When the operation command signal 20 is input to the input terminal 3 and the operation coil 2 is excited, the break contact 4b of the main contact 4 is opened and the make contact 4a is closed. As a result, a signal is output to the output terminal 5.

  Since the auxiliary contact 8 operates mechanically in conjunction with the main contact 4, the break contact 8 b is opened and the make contact 8 a is closed, similarly to the main contact 4.

  Further, since the auxiliary coil 6 connected in parallel with the operation coil 2 is also excited in accordance with the operation command signal 20 input to the input terminal 3, the abnormality detection contact 7 is also broken like the main contact 4. The contact 7b is opened and the make contact 7a is closed.

  In this way, since the auxiliary contact 8 and the abnormality detection contact 7 have the same open / closed state as the main contact 4 when there is no abnormality in the operating coil 2 and the main contact 4, the alarm output terminal 9 is open.

  Next, the operation of the electromagnetic relay 1 of the first embodiment when an abnormality occurs in the operating coil 2 or the main contact 4 will be described using the same FIG.

  For example, when an abnormality such as disconnection occurs in the operating coil 2, the main contact 4 is not closed because the operating coil 2 is not excited despite the operation command signal 20 being input from the input terminal 3. The signal output to the output terminal 5 is not performed. The same applies to the open / closed state of the auxiliary contact 8 mechanically linked to the main contact 4.

  Alternatively, for example, when an abnormality such as fusion occurs in the main contact 4, the main contact 4 is fused in the open state even though the operation command signal 20 is not input to the input terminal 3, and the output A signal is output to the terminal 5. The same applies to the open / closed state of the auxiliary contact 8 mechanically linked to the main contact 4.

  On the other hand, since the auxiliary coil 6 is connected in parallel with the operating coil 2 and is excited independently of the operating coil 2, the abnormality detection contact 7 is independent of the failure state of the operating coil 2 and the main contact 4. The opening / closing operation is performed in response to the operation command signal 20. As a result, when an abnormality occurs in the operating coil 2 or the main contact 4, the auxiliary contact 8 and the abnormality detection contact 7 have different open / close states, and the alarm output terminal 9 is closed. A signal is output.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, it is possible to detect an abnormality in the operating coil 2 and the main contact 4 by checking whether or not the alarm output terminal 9 is in the closed state.

  In particular, in the first embodiment, the auxiliary coil 6, the abnormality detection contact 7, the auxiliary contact 8, and the alarm output terminal 9 may be additionally provided to an electromagnetic relay that does not have a self-diagnosis function. It is possible to perform self-diagnosis with a simple circuit configuration compared to the electromagnetic switching device.

  FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example in which the abnormality detection contact 7 having a mechanical contact that is opened and closed when the auxiliary coil 6 is excited is used, but instead of the auxiliary coil 6 and the abnormality detection contact 7. It is also possible to use a semiconductor element which is a contactless relay whose input terminal is connected in parallel with the operating coil 2. Thereby, the circuit configuration can be further simplified.

  The circuit configuration of the abnormality detection contact 7, the auxiliary contact 8 and the alarm output terminal 9 shown in FIG. 1 is such that the alarm output terminal 9 is opened when the open / close state of the auxiliary contact 8 and the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact 7 are the same. As long as the circuit configuration is such that the alarm output terminal 9 is closed when the open / close state of the auxiliary contact 8 and the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact 7 are different, the circuit configuration is equivalent to such a circuit configuration. If it is, it is not limited to the circuit configuration shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the alarm output terminal is opened and closed by the excitation of the operating coil, and the abnormality detection contact that is opened and closed by the excitation of the auxiliary coil connected in parallel with the operating coil. When the open / close state of the main contact is the same, the open state is established. When the open / close state of the main contact is different from the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact, the closed state is established. Therefore, when a signal is output from the alarm output terminal, it can be seen that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the operating coil and the main contact. As a result, it is possible to obtain a small-sized electromagnetic relay and a failure detection method thereof capable of self-diagnosis of the presence or absence of a failure.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an electromagnetic relay 1B according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The electromagnetic relay 1B according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has a point that a failure display device lighting power source 21 is connected between the alarm output terminals 9 as compared with FIG. The difference is that the failure display device 10 is connected in series with the failure display device lighting power source 21. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  In the second embodiment, when an abnormality occurs in the operating coil 2 or the main contact 4, the alarm output terminal 9 is closed as in the first embodiment. As a result, since power is supplied from the failure display device lighting power source 21 to the failure display device 10 such as an LED lamp, the abnormality of the electromagnetic relay 1b can be visually confirmed by visually confirming the lighting of the LED lamp or the like. It becomes possible to recognize.

  As described above, the second embodiment further includes the failure display device connected in series to the failure display device lighting power source connected between the alarm output terminals, and an abnormality has occurred in the operating coil or the main contact. In such a case, a failure display device is used to indicate that an abnormality has occurred. As a result, it is possible to visually recognize that an abnormality has occurred in the operating coil or the main contact.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an electromagnetic relay 1C according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The electromagnetic relay 1C according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is different from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that an operation display device 11 such as an LED lamp is provided in parallel with the operation coil 2. ing. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  In the first embodiment, it has been described that a signal is output to the alarm output terminal 9 when an abnormality occurs in the operating coil 2 or the main contact 4. However, for example, even if the main contact movable piece 30 or the abnormality detection contact movable piece 31 is temporarily shaken greatly to come into contact with the make contact due to an external factor such as an earthquake, a signal is output to the alarm output terminal 9. Therefore, there is a problem that it is impossible to distinguish between such a temporary malfunction and a case where an abnormality has actually occurred in the operating coil 2 or the main contact 4.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, whether or not the operation command signal 20 is input from the input terminal 3 by providing the operation display device 11 such as an LED lamp in parallel with the operation coil 2. You can check it. Thus, when a signal is output to the alarm output terminal 9 even though the operation command signal 20 is not input, it is identified as a temporary malfunction due to an external factor such as an earthquake. Can do.

  The third embodiment can be combined with the second embodiment. For example, whether or not the notification of abnormality by the failure display device 10 such as the LED lamp of the second embodiment is a temporary malfunction due to an external factor such as an earthquake indicates whether or not the operation display device of the third embodiment. It is also possible to identify by lighting 11.

  As described above, Embodiment 3 further includes an operation display device connected in parallel to the operation coil, and displays that the operation coil is excited using the operation display device. As a result, it is possible to identify whether the signal output to the alarm output terminal is a temporary malfunction due to an external factor such as an earthquake.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an electromagnetic relay 1D according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The electromagnetic relay 1D according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is different from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the main contact 4 is accommodated in multiple poles. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  In the first to third embodiments, the case where the main contact 4 has only one pole has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the main contact 4 is accommodated in multiple poles (4-1 to 4-n). Even in this case, each main contact 4 opens and closes in conjunction with the excitation of the operating coil 2, so that only one auxiliary contact 8 is provided as in the first to third embodiments. It is possible to obtain the same effect as in the first to third embodiments.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the same effects as those of the first to third embodiments can be obtained even when the main contacts are accommodated in multiple poles.

  1 Electromagnetic relay, 2 operating coil, 3 input terminal, 4 main contact, 4a make contact, 4b break contact, 5 output terminal, 6 auxiliary coil, 7 error detection contact, 7a make contact, 7b break contact, 8 auxiliary contact , 8a Make contact, 8b Break contact, 9 Alarm output terminal, 10 Failure display device, 11 Operation display device, 20 Operation command signal, 21 Power supply for lighting failure display device, 30 Main contact movable piece, 30a Main contact movable piece support material 30b main contact movable piece hinge part, 30c main contact movable piece return spring, 31 abnormality detection contact movable piece, 31a abnormality detection contact movable piece support material, 31b abnormality detection contact movable piece hinge part, 31c abnormality detection contact movable piece return spring 32 Insulating member.

Claims (7)

An operation coil that is excited in response to an operation command signal input from an input terminal;
A main contact that is opened and closed by excitation of the operating coil;
An auxiliary contact that is linked with the main contact and is opened and closed at the same timing as the main contact;
An auxiliary coil connected in parallel with the operating coil and excited in accordance with the operation command signal;
An anomaly detection contact that is opened and closed by excitation of the auxiliary coil;
It is connected to the auxiliary contact and the abnormality detection contact, and is opened when the open / close state of the main contact is the same as the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact. Alarm output terminals that are closed when the two are different from each other;
Electromagnetic relay equipped with. The auxiliary contact and the abnormality detection contact are switching contacts in which a make contact and a break contact are combined,
One end of the make contact of the abnormality detection contact is connected in series with one end of the break contact of the auxiliary contact,
One end of the break contact of the abnormality detection contact is connected in series with one end of the make contact of the auxiliary contact,
The other end of the make contact of the abnormality detection contact and the other end of the break contact of the abnormality detection contact are connected to one end of the alarm output terminal,
The electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the make contact of the auxiliary contact and the other end of the break contact of the auxiliary contact are connected to the other end of the alarm output terminal. A failure display device connected in series to a power supply for lighting a failure display device connected between the alarm output terminals;
The failure display device displays that an abnormality has occurred in at least one of the operating coil and the main contact.
The electromagnetic relay according to claim 1 or 2. An operation display device connected in parallel to the operation coil;
The electromagnetic relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operation display device displays that the operation coil is excited. The electromagnetic relay according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the main contact is accommodated in multiple poles. The electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, wherein a semiconductor element that is a contactless relay is used instead of the auxiliary coil and the abnormality detection contact. Exciting the operating coil in accordance with the operation command signal input from the input terminal and leveling the main contact;
In response to the operation command signal, exciting an auxiliary coil connected in parallel with the operation coil, and opening and closing an abnormality detection contact;
Comparing the open / close state of the main contact with the open / close state of the anomaly detection contact;
When the open / close state of the main contact and the open / close state of the abnormality detection contact are different from each other, outputting an abnormality of at least one of the operating coil and the main contact to the outside;
A fault detection method for electromagnetic relays.

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