JP2016144858A - Pipe cutting jig, pipe cutting device, and pipe cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pipe cutting jig which has a small number of components and can be downsized, a pipe cutting device, and a pipe cutting method using the pipe cutting device.SOLUTION: A pipe cutting jig 1 comprises a blade tool 100 having a plurality of blade parts 2, 2 for cutting a pipe P. The blade tool 100 is also provided with one or more taper parts 3. The taper part 3 has either a roller part 3B or a round-chamfered part 3A. The blade tool 100 is composed of two blade parts 2, 2 and two taper parts 3, 3. The blade part 2 and the taper part 3 can be formed orthogonally to each other. As a pipe cutting method, after the pipe P is fixed to a pipe cutting device A, the pipe P is cut by propelling the pipe cutting jib 1 along a longitudinal direction of the pipe P by using propulsion means T.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 13

Description

  The present invention relates to a pipe cleaving jig, a pipe cleaving apparatus for cleaving metal and resin pipes used mainly in chemical plants and the like along the longitudinal direction, and pipe cleaving using these jigs and apparatuses. Regarding the method.

  In recent years, when chemical pipes (mainly made of metal) that have been used for a long time are discarded in chemical plants where various chemicals flow, chemical contamination and corrosion conditions in the pipes have been investigated. In order to conduct the investigation, a method of investigating the inside of the pipe and the cross section of the pipe is used, and as preparation, it is necessary to cleave the pipe in the longitudinal direction (pipe axis direction) (half-cutting and equalizing). is there. As a method of cleaving the pipe in the longitudinal direction, conventionally, a fusing method using heat such as laser or welding, or a cutting method using a saw-shaped blade or various tools has been adopted.

However, in the fusing method using heat, the chemical substance adhering to the inside of the pipe is altered due to the generation of high heat in the processing part, and the corrosion condition to be originally investigated changes. there were. In addition, the fusing method by welding has a problem that the melted material by the assist gas such as acetylene gas is scattered. Furthermore, in the cutting method using a tool or the like, there has been a problem that the cutting state of the pipe generated during the cutting process adheres to the inside of the pipe, and the accurate state cannot be grasped when the contamination state is investigated.

Therefore, in order to suppress deformation and deterioration of the pipe when the pipe is cleaved, the cutting tool is inserted into the pipe while fixing the pipe itself using a fixing jig from the vertical direction outside the pipe, and the cutting tool is inserted into the pipe. A method has been devised for cutting pipes by thrusting along the longitudinal direction. For example, in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, a shearing force generated between the blade portion and the inner surface of the pipe by pushing a cutting tool having blade portions on both sides into the pipe. An apparatus is disclosed in which a pipe is cleaved (divided in two) by shearing a part of the pipe.

JP-A-8-215921

Noriyuki Omotino, Eitoku Nakanishi, and Seijiro Maki, “Axial cleaving method for metal pipes”, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 21st Mechanical Materials and Materials Processing Technology Lecture Collection (2013), No. 608 Eitoku NAKANISHI et al. , Development of axially splitting method for the pipe materials with using the cutting tool, ISAAT 2014 The 17th International Symposium on Abrasive Technology (Advances in Abrasive Technology XVII), pp350-354

However, in the pipe cleaving devices disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, an external fixing jig (clamp) used to prevent deformation of the pipe at the time of cleaving is along the outer diameter of the pipe. It must be the specifications. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare all fixing jigs corresponding to various pipe outer diameters, and there is a problem that the number of parts increases.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a pipe cleaving jig, a pipe cleaving device, and a pipe cleaving method using these jigs and devices that have a small number of parts and can be reduced in size.

  In order to solve the problems described above, the present inventor is a pipe cleaving jig provided with a cutting tool having a plurality of blade parts for cleaving a pipe, and the blade tool is further provided with one or two or more tapered parts. The pipe cleaving jig is used. Moreover, it can also be set as the pipe cutting jig which has either a roller part or a R chamfering part in a taper part. Further, the cutting tool is composed of two blade portions and two taper portions (taper portions protruding from the inner surface of the pipe in the radial direction of the pipe), and the blade portion and the taper portion are orthogonal to each other. The formed pipe cleaving jig can also be used.

With this configuration, when the pipe is cleaved, the blade portion and the taper portion are inserted inside the pipe, and the pipe divided into two parts by propelling the blade portion is stretched from the inside to the outside of the pipe. Since it is taken out, deformation of the piping can be suppressed at the time of cleaving.

  Further, the blade portion of the cutting tool constituting the pipe cutting jig has a slope, and the distance from the center of the blade axis to the lower end of the slope of the blade portion is smaller than the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe for cutting, and the shaft of the blade The distance from the center to the upper end of the slope of the blade portion can be made larger than the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe that cleaves. Furthermore, the taper portion of the cutting tool can be formed so as to be in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cleaved.

  Residues (chips) after being cut according to the pipe material to be cut and the pipe diameter have various forms of chips, such as finely divided or long spirals. In particular, when the chips are in a long spiral shape, there are cases where troubles such as staying in the pipe cleaving jig in the cleaving process or interrupting the cleaving process by removing the chips by contacting the pipe cleaving device may occur.

Therefore, in response to the case where chips are generated in a long and spiral shape, a pipe cleaving jig is provided with a plurality of blade parts that cleave the pipe, at least two side surface fixing parts that sandwich the blade parts from both sides, and a side surface fixing part. It is set as the structure provided with the at least 2 piping residue control part which is attached and has a taper surface. By comprising in this way, the residue of the pipe after cleaving can be discharged | emitted as a spiral (helical) form.

In addition, when the piping material is a free cutting material such as copper, it is not necessary to firmly fix the components constituting the piping cleaving jig. However, when the piping material is a relatively high-strength material such as stainless steel, the mounting angle of the side surface fixing portion may change or the side surface fixing portion and the blade may be cut if the side surface fixing portions are not firmly fixed to each other. There may be an extra gap between the parts.

As a result, the cleaving performance may be remarkably deteriorated or the cutting edge may be damaged in the blade portion. Therefore, in addition to the above-described configuration, the pipe cleaving jig may further include a connecting component that connects the two side surface fixing portions.

The invention of the pipe cleaving device can be a pipe cleaving device comprising the above-described pipe cleaving jig and a propelling means for propelling the pipe cleaving jig along the longitudinal direction of the pipe. Moreover, it can also be set as the structure further equipped with the piping support jig | tool which is arrange | positioned rather than the piping cleaving jig | tool and supports the piping movably. Further, the pipe support jig can be provided with an open / close type pipe fixing part.

This is effective in suppressing vertical (horizontal) shaking (swing) of the pipe when cutting a relatively long pipe. This is because if the pipe is broken during the cleaving of the pipe, the long pipe may cause buckling during the cleaving or the pipe may not be cleaved evenly.

  When a hydraulic cylinder is used as a means for propelling the pipe cleaving jig, the drive shaft of the hydraulic cylinder and the pipe after cleaving may interfere with each other. In particular, if the pipe to be cleaved has a relatively small diameter and the diameter of the drive shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is larger than the pipe diameter, if the cleaved pipe comes into contact with the drive shaft, the cleaving process is temporarily interrupted. An operation such as bending the pipe to the outside so as not to interfere with the drive shaft occurs, and the efficiency of the splitting process is reduced. Therefore, the above-described pipe cleaving apparatus can further include a diameter expanding jig that is arranged on the propulsion rear side of the pipe cleaving jig and expands the cleaved pipe to the outside.

  The pipe cleaving method shall be a pipe cleaving method in which the pipe is cleaved by pushing the pipe cleaving jig along the longitudinal direction of the pipe using propulsion means after fixing the pipe to the above-mentioned pipe cleaving device. Can do. Moreover, it can also be set as the piping cleaving method which cleaves piping by pushing a piping cleaving jig intermittently along the longitudinal direction of piping.

The pipe cleaving jig according to the present invention includes a cutting tool having a plurality of blade parts for cleaving the pipe, and the blade tool is further provided with one or a plurality of taper parts to suppress deformation of the pipe at the time of cleaving. Therefore, it is an accessory part of the conventional pipe cleaving device, and a pipe fixing part for preventing deformation of the pipe is not required. As a result, the number of parts of the pipe cleaving device is reduced, and the entire apparatus is miniaturized.

Further, by providing at least one of the roller portion and the R chamfered portion in the taper portion of the cutting tool, the deformation of the portion that comes into contact with the inner surface of the pipe when the pipe is cleaved and the fine separation of the inner surface portion of the pipe are reduced. At the same time, since the friction on the contact surface can be reduced, the propulsive force by the propulsion means can be reduced, and the pipe cleaving with less recovered material can be realized in accordance with the purpose of the pipe cleaving inspection.

Furthermore, in the conventional apparatus as shown in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to perform cleaving in a state where the pipes are deferred in parallel to the ground. However, as described above, the pipe cleaving apparatus of the present invention eliminates the need for pipe fixing parts that prevent deformation of the pipe. As a result, the pipe can be cleaved even when the pipe is placed vertically (perpendicular to the ground). Play.

It is a mimetic diagram (front view) of piping cleaving jig 1 which constitutes a piping cleaving device which is an example of an embodiment of the invention. It is a mimetic diagram (plan view) of piping cleaving jig 1 which constitutes a piping cleaving device which is an example of an embodiment of the invention. It is a mimetic diagram (perspective view) of piping cleaving jig 1 which constitutes a piping cleaving device which is an example of an embodiment of the invention. It is a perspective view of the blade 100 which comprises the pipe cleaving jig | tool 1 which is an example of embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the taper part 3 of the blade tool 100 which comprises the pipe cutting jig 1. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows another modification of the taper part 3 of the blade tool 100 which comprises the pipe cutting jig | tool 1. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the blade tool 100 which made the blade part 2 of the blade tool 100 into 2 sheets, and made the taper part 3 into 1 sheet. It is a figure which shows the modification at the time of using the detachable taper part 3C for the taper part which comprises the cutting tool 100, (a) is a perspective view at the time of mounting | wearing the detachable taper part 3C with the blade tool 100 main body, FIG. 5B is a perspective view when the detachable taper portion 3C is removed from the cutting tool 100 main body. It is a cleaving situation (process 1) of piping P using piping cleaving device A. It is a cleaving situation (process 2) figure of piping P using piping cleaving device A. It is a cleaving situation (process 3) figure of piping P using piping cleaving device A. It is an exploded structure figure of piping cleaving jig 11 which is an example of another embodiment of the present invention. (A) An enlarged perspective view of the pipe cleaving jig 11 when the pipe cleaving jig 11 is attached to the pipe cleaving apparatus A2, as viewed from the pipe P side, (b) a pipe cleaving jig attached to the pipe cleaving apparatus A2. It is the expansion perspective view seen from the propulsion means T side of 11 parts. It is a figure which shows the modification of the piping fixing component PF which fixes the piping P at the time of cleaving. The figure (a) is a figure which shows the movable range of the pipe fixing part PF in the fixing jig base (pipe support jig) 55, and the figure (b) shows the usage example of the pipe fixing part PF at the time of pipe cleaving. FIG. The details of the pipe fixing part PF are shown, (a) the two pipe fixing parts PF and PF constituting the pipe supporting jig 55 are opened, and (b) two pipe fixings constituting the pipe supporting jig 55. It is a figure which shows the state which components PF and PF closed. (A) Side view of the pipe diameter increasing jig 80 installed on the rear side of the pipe cleaving device A2, (b) The pipe diameter expanding jig 80 is used to indicate the expanded diameter state of the pipe P after the cleaving. FIG. It is a cleaving situation (preparation stage) of piping P using piping cleaving device A2. It is a cleaving situation (division stage) of piping P using piping cleaving device A2. It is a cleaving situation (final stage) figure of piping P using piping cleaving device A2. (A) The schematic diagram which shows a state during the cleaving of the piping P using the piping cleaving apparatus A2, (b) The schematic diagram which shows the difference in the form of the residue P5 and P6 of piping by the presence or absence of the piping residue control tool 8. FIG. (A) Schematic diagram showing comparison of forms of residues P5 and P6 depending on presence / absence of pipe residue control tool 8, (b) Side view of pipe cleaving jig 11 provided with pipe residue control tool 8 while pipe P is cleaved. . It is a schematic diagram which shows the form of the residue P5 of the piping which generate | occur | produced after piping cleaving.

An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 thru | or 3 shows the schematic diagram (a front view, a top view, and a perspective view) of the piping cleaving jig 1 which is an example of embodiment of this invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pipe cleaving jig 1 (hereinafter referred to as “jig 1”) is viewed from both sides with the upper surface fixing tool 30 placed above the cutting tool 100 that cuts the pipe. Each two are sandwiched between four spacers 20 in total.

The blade 100 and the upper surface fixing tool 30 are integrated by bolts B from below the blade 100, and the blade 100, the upper surface fixing tool 30 and the four spacers 20 are integrated by four bolts B. Further, the four spacers 20 are sandwiched by two side fixtures 10 from the outside (both sides) and fixed by using two bolts B.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view (perspective view) of the blade 100 constituting the pipe cleaving jig 1. The cutting tool 100 shown in FIG. 4 has two (sheets) blade portions 2 and 2 for cleaving the piping, and two (sheets) taper portions 3 and 3 that press the inner surface of the piping in the radial direction of the piping. This is an example. In this cutting tool 100, the blade part 2 and the taper part 3 are formed so as to be orthogonal to each other when viewed from the propulsion direction when the pipe is cleaved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the blade portion 2 has a slope at the portion used for cleaving the pipe, and the distance from the axial center of the blade 100 to the lower end of the slope of the blade portion 2 is the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe to be cleaved. Smaller than. In addition, the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the slope of the blade portion 2 is configured to be larger than the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe to be cut.

The minimum conditions of the tip and the upper end of the slope of the blade part 2 from the axis center of the blade tool 100 are as described above, but by taking a large difference within the allowable range of the strength of the blade part 2, it is possible to cope with the pipe to be cleaved. Corresponding diameters can be widened from thin to thick. On the other hand, the taper portion 3 is in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cut, so that the pipe can be smoothly cut without distortion, and the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the taper portion is It is desirable that the inner diameter of the pipe to be cleaved is the same as or about 1 to 5% larger.

Further, when the pipe thickness is thin or the cleaving force may be low depending on the material, the taper portion 3 does not necessarily need to be in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cleaved, and either one of the taper portions 3 It can be in contact. Furthermore, since the pipe part which the taper part 3 contacts becomes an opening part shape that is cleaved by the blade part 2 and slightly widens, the taper part 3 may also be in a state where it does not contact the pipe inside at all. .

The material of the cutting tool 100 and the blade part 2 is used for cutting and cutting processes represented by cemented carbide, high-speed tool steel, diamond, ceramics, etc., depending on the type of pipe that is the workpiece. You can select from many tool grades available. Moreover, since it is desirable that the blade part 2 has the same performance as that of the cutting tool, it is preferable to perform finishing by polishing similarly to the cutting tool.

Furthermore, cutting oil is often not used for the purpose of this cleaving device, and the friction between the blade and piping material is extremely severe, reducing wear at the blade and reducing the cutting load itself. A blade coating is useful for this purpose. As a type of coating, a coating used in a conventional tool such as diamond can be used. In addition, when the length of the pipe to be cleaved becomes longer, strip-like residues that are chips are inevitably longer, and interference with the apparatus occurs, for example, the residues come into contact with the struts of the cleaving apparatus.

Therefore, as a solution for this interference, it is preferable to control the outflow of the residue, for example, by dividing the residue shortly or by giving the residue a round shape like a coil spring and further changing the outflow direction. As a means for that purpose, it is preferable to perform chip breaker processing on the contact portion between the pipe to be cut and the blade portion with a groove structure or the like to control discharge of the residue.

The material of the taper part 3 may be the same as that of the cutting tool 100 or the blade part 2, but it does not need to be as hard as the blade part 2, so it is not necessarily limited to the material for the tool, and sufficient hardness can be obtained by heat treatment. It may be a steel-based material having a thickness or a ceramic-based sintered material.

Next, another embodiment of the shape of the pipe cleaving jig (particularly the blade part) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the tapered portion 3 of the blade 100 constituting the pipe cleaving jig 1 is modified. The blade part 2 of the blade 100 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a function equivalent to that of the blade part 2 shown in FIG. 4, but a part of the taper part 3 is deformed. The cutting tool 100 shown in FIG. 5 has an R chamfered portion 3A at a corner portion where a part of the tapered portion 3 is in contact with the inner surface of the pipe.

By setting it as such a structure, the deformation | transformation of the part which contacts the inner surface of piping at the time of pipe cutting, and peeling of a fine piping inner surface part can be reduced. At the same time, friction on the contact surface between the taper part and the pipe inner surface can be reduced, so that the propulsive force for pressing the propulsion means can be reduced, and pipe cutting with less recovered material can be achieved in accordance with the purpose of inspection of pipe breaking. realizable.

Similarly, even if a roller portion (bearing member) 3B is provided in a portion of the taper portion 3 that contacts the inner surface of the pipe as shown in FIG. 5 and 6, for example, the taper portion 3 on one side has the R chamfered portion 3A, and the other has the roller portion 3B. However, both the taper portions 3 and 3 have the R chamfered portion 3A. May be provided, or the roller portion 3B may be provided.

FIG. 7 shows a modification of the cutting tool 100 having two blade parts 2 and one taper part 3 of the cutting tool 100. By setting it as such a shape, a pipe piece with a smaller angle (center angle) can be obtained compared with the case where the pipe piece after cleaving is divided into two at 180 °. As a result, when the pipe to be cleaved has a small diameter, the exposed portion inside the pipe can be easily handled, and the inspection efficiency can be improved. Note that the tapered portion 3 of the blade 100 shown in FIG. 7 may also have the R chamfered portion 3A and / or the roller portion 3B shown in FIGS.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are modifications in the case of using a removable removable taper portion 3 </ b> C in which the taper portion constituting the cutting tool 100 can be replaced according to the target pipe diameter. 8A is a perspective view when the detachable taper portion 3C is mounted on the cutting tool 100 body, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view when the detachable taper portion 3C is removed from the blade tool 100 main body. When handling pipes of various thicknesses (outer diameter and inner diameter), the taper portion is in contact with the inner surface of the pipe, so that the pipe diameter that can be handled by the taper portion of a certain size (inclination angle) is limited. However, with such a configuration, it becomes possible to handle various pipe diameters to be cleaved with one cutting tool 100, and work efficiency is improved.

As described above, by taking a large difference in the distance between the tip end and the upper end of the slope of the blade part 2 from the axial center of the cutting tool 100, it is possible to widen the corresponding diameters of the cleaved pipes that can be handled from thin to thick. However, since the taper portion 3 needs to be in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cut, the corresponding diameter of the cut pipe can be obtained by making the taper portion 3C removable as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). A wide blade portion and a tapered portion can be realized.

In addition, although not shown in figure, it is comprised so that the outer diameter of a taper part may follow the internal diameter of piping by providing elastic bodies, such as a spring, as a hinge structure which can open and close the taper part which comprises the blade 100. However, the same effect can be obtained.

In addition, FIG. 7 shows a modification example in which two blade portions 2 and one taper portion 3 are provided. However, if a thick pipe is cleaved in that case, excessive stress from the outside acts on the taper portion 3. Therefore, distortion may occur. In order to suppress the distortion, the occurrence of such distortion can be reduced by providing the second taper portion 3 at the axial target position when viewed from the center of the blade 100. Thereby, while obtaining the pipe piece with the small center angle mentioned above, distortion of the pipe after cleaving can be reduced.

Furthermore, although not shown in the figure, the cutting piece 100 can be divided into pieces with a smaller central angle by forming the blade 100 with four blade portions 2 and two tapered portions 3. In addition, it is possible to make the disposal work, transportation and storage of the disposal process more efficient. Here, it is within the scope of the present invention to further provide the tapered portion 3.

  Next, a method for cleaving the pipe P using the pipe cleaving apparatus A of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 9 to 11 are diagrams showing a cutting situation (steps 1 to 3) of the pipe P using the pipe cutting apparatus A. FIG. In addition, in FIG. 9 thru | or FIG. 11, in order to make visible the cutting condition of the piping P by the taper part 3 of the blade tool 100, the side fixing tool 10 and the spacer 20 of the one side which comprise the piping cutting jig 1 were removed and simplified. The form is illustrated.

First, as shown in FIG. 9, after fixing the pipe P to be cleaved to the pipe fixing part PF of the pipe cleaving apparatus A, the pipe cleaving jig 1 attached to the tip of the propelling means T is brought close to the end face of the pipe P. (Step 1). Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the propulsion means T is gradually lowered to push the pipe cleaving jig 1 into the pipe P in the pipe axis direction. Thereby, a part of piping P is peeled in strip shape from the both sides of piping P (process 2). Thereafter, when the pipe cleaving jig 1 reaches the lowest point of the pipe P as shown in FIG. 11, the cleaving of the pipe P is completed, and two strip-like residues P1 and P2 are formed on the pipe cleaving apparatus A. Drop (step 3). Finally, after pulling up the pipe cleaving jig 1 to the original cleaving position, the pipe P fixed by the pipe fixing component PF is divided into two parts, and the series of cleaving steps is completed by taking them out.

The pipe fixing part PF may be a jig that can be opened and closed so that the pipe to be cleaved can be easily taken out if necessary. In addition, since the blade portion 2 is subjected to a very large cleaving load, the support directions of the support columns 6 and 6 and the blade portions 2 and 2 that support the pipe cleaving jig 1 in a vertically movable state may be substantially the same. It is desirable to reduce the breaking distortion. When two or more blade portions 2 are provided, it is desirable to determine the relationship between the orientation of the blade portion 2 and the struts 6 in a direction in which the load at the time of cleaving is applied to both struts 6 and 6 approximately equally.

In the above description, it is preferable that the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the taper part 3 is the same as the inner diameter of the cleaved pipe or about 1% to 5% larger. To open the pipe after cleaving so as to avoid interference between the long pipe and the pipe cleaving jig 1, the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the taper portion 3 is further increased by 10%. This can be accommodated by setting it to 20%.

The pipe cleaving method using the pipe cleaving apparatus A described with reference to FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 is a cleaving when the pipe P is placed vertically (the longitudinal direction of the pipe to be cleaved is perpendicular to the ground) However, it is also possible to cleave when the pipe P is placed horizontally as in the prior art (cleaving in a state where the pipe is placed parallel to the ground).

Next, an embodiment of a modification of the pipe fixing part PF of the pipe cleaving apparatus A in FIG. 9 will be shown. FIG. 14 is a modification of the pipe fixing component PF that fixes the pipe P at the time of cleaving. The figure (a) shows the movable range of the pipe fixing component PF in the fixing jig base (pipe support jig) 55, and the figure (b) shows the usage example of the pipe fixing part PF at the time of pipe cleaving. As shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the pair of pipe fixing parts PF is placed on the fixing jig base 55 and is rotatably supported around the column 60 of the pipe cutting apparatus A. The pipe fixing component PF is released as shown by the arrow in FIG. 14 (a) by the spring force when not in use, but when the pipe is cleaved, the pipe P to be cleaved is cut as shown in FIG. 14 (b). The pair of pipe fixing parts PF and PF are sandwiched from both sides, and the holding metal fitting 70 is fixed so that the pipe fixing parts PF and PF are not released.

With this configuration, the pipe fixing component PF and the fixing jig base 55 move almost in synchronization with the movement of the propulsion means T that presses down the pipe cutting jig 1 in FIG. In order to move the propulsion means T and the pipe fixing component PF almost synchronously, the distance between the pedestal portion of the pipe cleaving device A and the propulsion means T is set at a predetermined interval by springs or the like on both sides of the fixing jig base 55. Configured as follows.

By configuring in this way, even when the pipe P is long, the pipe fixing component PF is kept at an optimum position for pipe cleaving. The pipe of the scale can be cleaved. It should be noted that the holding metal fitting 70 can be automatically detached from the pedestal portion of the pipe cleaving device A with a release pin or the like at the end of the work, on the pipe fixing part PF.

With such a configuration, since the pipe fixing component PF is released as shown in FIG. 14A, the split piece after the pipe cutting can be handled very efficiently. In addition, as described above, the cutting blade and the pipe are supported in contact with the inner surface and supported by a simple structure using a pipe cutting jig provided with a tapered portion for preventing bending and twisting. Metal piping can be cleaved more efficiently.

In the present embodiment, a case where a pipe made of a relatively hard material such as stainless steel is cut is shown, but a pipe made of a relatively free-cutting material such as copper is cut. In such a case, the side fixing tool 10 constituting the pipe cleaving jig 1 as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and the spacer 20 shown in FIG. 1 may be removed. That is, it is possible to attach or remove parts constituting the pipe cleaving jig 1 according to the pipe material.

Also, the pipe fixing part PF attached to the pipe cleaving apparatus A shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 is difficult to be taken out from the pipe fixing part PF because the lower part of the pipe is deformed after cleaving is completed by using, for example, a four-claw type scroll chuck. Even in such a case, the pipe can be easily removed by spreading the claw parts outward.

  Next, a pipe cutting jig according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 12 is an exploded structural view of the pipe cleaving jig 11 which is an example of another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the pipe cleaving jig 11 has a cutting tool 110 in which two cemented carbide chips (not shown) are fitted at the tip as shown in FIG. It is sandwiched between four spacers 20 and fixed with bolts B and nuts N (the example shown in FIG. 12 shows a case where a total of four sets of bolts B and nuts N are fixed).

Next, the pipe residue control tools 8 and 8 having tapered surfaces are further fixed with bolts B and nuts N to the two spacers 20 and 20 fixed to one side of the blade tool 110. That is, the pipe cutting jig 11 shown in FIG. 12 includes a cutting tool 110, a spacer 20, a pipe residue control tool 8, and a plurality of bolts B and nuts N for integrating these components.

  FIG. 13 shows a state in which the pipe cleaving jig 11 shown in FIG. 12 is attached to the pipe cleaving apparatus A2, and FIG. 13 (a) shows the piping when the pipe cleaving jig 11 is attached to the pipe cleaving apparatus A2. An enlarged perspective view of the cleaving jig 11 portion is shown, and FIG. 5B shows an enlarged perspective view of the pipe cleaving jig 11 portion attached to the pipe cleaving device A2 when the pipe P is present. As shown in FIG. 13A, the pipe cleaving jig 11 is on the front side (propulsion direction side) of the propulsion means T and on the rear side of the pipe support jig 55 (opposite to the propulsion direction). Side) position.

As preparation for the cleaving process, first, when the pipe P to be cleaved is fixed (chucked) to the pipe cleaving apparatus A2 by a pipe fixing means (not shown), a pipe support jig 55 is used as shown in FIG. And sandwich the periphery of the pipe P. Thereafter, the pipe cutting jig is used by using the propulsion means T so that the two cemented carbide chips CH and CH attached to the tip of the cutting tool 110 constituting the pipe cutting jig 11 enter the inner diameter side of the pipe P. The tip part of 11 is made to approach the piping P side. FIGS. 13A and 13B show an example of the apparatus in which the pipe cleaving apparatus A2 cleaves the pipe P in the state where the pipe axis direction (longitudinal direction) is parallel to the ground.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining FIG. 14 in more detail, and shows an open / closed state of the two pipe fixing arms (pipe fixing parts) PF and PF constituting the pipe support jig 55. 2A shows a state where the two pipe fixing arms PF and PF of the pipe support jig 55 are opened, and FIG. 2B shows a state where the two pipe fixing arms PF and PF of the pipe support jig 55 are closed. Indicates the state. As shown in FIG. 15A, the pipe support jig 55 is composed of two pipe fixing arms PF and PF for fixing the pipe P, and a quadrangular frame member connecting these arms. Each pipe fixing arm PF, PF and the frame material are fixed by a spring, and the pipe fixing arm PF is configured to be freely rotatable around the column 160 of the pipe cleaving device A2. At the same time, each pipe fixing arm PF is provided with a hole, and the column 160 of the pipe cleaving device A2 is passed through the hole, so that the pipe support jig 55 slides in the axial direction of the column 160. It is configured to be possible.

By configuring in this way, even when the pipe to be cut is long, the pipe fixing arm PF is kept at the optimal position when the pipe is cut, so that the cutting work is not interrupted due to bending of the pipe P, etc. Long pipes can be cleaved. It should be noted that by providing parts such as pressing metal fittings on the pipe fixing arm PF, it is possible to automatically release the pipe restraint by the pipe fixing arm PF with a release pin or the like in the pipe cleaving device at the end of the cleaving operation.

When the pipe cleaving device A2 is not restraining the pipe (not shown), the two pipe fixing arms PF of the pipe support jig 55 and the tip portions of the PF are positioned outside the column 160 as shown in FIG. To do. Further, since the two pipe fixing arms PF, PF and the above-described frame member are connected by a spring, the pipe fixing arms PF, PF can move rotatably around the column 160 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. The pipe cleaving device A2 restrains the pipe (not shown) so that the two pipe fixing arms PF, PF are positioned between the two columns 160, 160 as shown in FIG. Rotate each arm.

When the recesses (notches) provided in the two pipe fixing arms are combined with each other, a pipe P (not shown) to be cut is inserted into the combined part. In addition, although the shape of the recessed part of the pipe fixing arm PF shown in FIG. 15 is a V-shape, the shape is not limited to a V-shape, and may be a U-shape or a semicircular shape. In addition, for the portion where the concave portion and the pipe are in contact with each other, a roller portion such as a bearing or a groove may be provided to smoothly move the pipe support jig 55 in the cleaving step, or a lubricant may be applied to the concave portion surface. it can.

Next, the structure and function of the pipe expanding jig 80, which is a jig for expanding (expanding) the pipe after cleaving, will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 16A is a side view of a pipe diameter increasing jig 80 installed on the rear side of the pipe cleaving device A2, and FIG. 16B is a pipe diameter expanding treatment for the pipe P after cleaving. It is a schematic diagram showing a state where the diameter is expanded using the tool 80. The pipe expansion jig 80 is installed on the rear side (opposite to the propulsion direction) of the pipe cleaving jig 11 in the pipe cleaving apparatus A2, and as shown in FIG. 2) can be detachably attached to the tip of the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder that serves as the propulsion source. Further, the shape of the pipe expanding jig 80 is tapered as shown in FIG. 16A, and the length and inclination angle of the tapered portion are various such as the material, diameter, and thickness of the pipe to be cleaved. It can be appropriately changed depending on the conditions.

Next, the function of the pipe diameter expanding jig 80 will be described. As described above, when the pipe expansion jig 80 is used by being attached to the tip of the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, the propulsion means T of the pipe cleaving device A2 advances in the propulsion direction. According to such an operation principle, the pipe P is divided into two by the pipe cleaving jig 11 while generating (pipe) residue (not shown). The cleaving process may be interrupted when the pipe P divided into two comes into contact with the propulsion means T or the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder behind the pipe cleaving jig 11. Therefore, by installing a pipe diameter increasing jig 80 having a tapered portion on the rear side of the pipe cleaving jig 11 in the pipe cleaving apparatus A2, the pipe P divided into two spreads outward, and the rear side of the pipe cleaving jig 11 Contact with the propulsion means T on the side or the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder can be prevented, and the cleaving process can proceed smoothly.

  Next, the cleaving process of the pipe P using the pipe cleaving apparatus A2 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 17 shows the state of the cutting preparation stage of the pipe P using the pipe cutting apparatus A2. That is, after one end of the pipe P is chucked (fixed) to the pipe cleaving apparatus A2 by a fixing jig (not shown), the periphery of the pipe P is supported by the pipe support jig 55, and the tip of the cutting tool 11 (not shown) of the pipe cleaving jig 11 is supported. The state which made the part approach the internal diameter side of the piping P is shown. In other words, the state in the pipe cleaving apparatus A2 shown in FIG. 13B is the same as the state in which the pipe supporting jig 55 and the pipe cleaving jig 11 are respectively viewed from the propulsion direction side.

  FIG. 18 shows the state of the cutting stage of the pipe P using the pipe cutting apparatus A2. The propulsion means T constituting the pipe cleaving device A2 advances in the propulsion direction (the direction of the arrow in the drawing) along the two columns 160, 160 of the pipe cleaving device A2. As a result, the pipe P is cut by the pipe cleaving jig 11 in contact with the propulsion means T moving in the propulsion direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 18, the pipe support jig 55 and the pipe cleaving jig 11 are connected by a spring so that the distance between the pipe support jig 55 and the pipe cleaving jig 11 can be expanded and contracted. The distance is adjusted to be within a predetermined range.

Further, when the cutting process of the pipe P proceeds, the residues (chips) P3 and P4 of the pipe P are spirally discharged from the two upper and lower directions of the pipe cutting jig 11 as shown in FIG. By discharging the residues P3 and P4 of the pipe P in a spiral shape, the residue P3 and P4 can be prevented from being discharged due to clogging in the pipe cleaving jig 11, or may be part of the pipe cleaving device A2. It is possible to prevent the interruption process from being interrupted (interrupted) by contact or collision. In addition, since two props 160 and 160 constituting the pipe cleaving device A2 pass through a part of the propulsion means T and the pipe support jig 55, both can be freely along the two columns 160 and 160. It is configured to be movable.

  FIG. 19 shows a final stage state of the pipe P cleaving process using the pipe cleaving device A2. When the cleaving process of the pipe P reaches the final stage, the residues P3 and P4 of the pipe P are between the spacer 20 and the pipe residue control tool 8 constituting the pipe cleaving jig 11 shown in FIG. Discharged from. The state of the residues P3 and P4 is longer than the state shown in FIG. 18, but since the discharge state is maintained in a spiral state, the residues P3 and P4 are separated from the pipe cleaving jig 11 and the two columns 160 and 160. The cleaving process is smoothly performed without contact. The reason why the pipe P after the splitting is slightly expanded on the rear side of the propelling means T is that the pipe P is expanded to the outside by the pipe diameter increasing jig 80 shown in FIG. is there. Here, in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the cleaving, the cylinder shaft shown in FIG. 16 is vibrated at a low frequency, and the propulsion means T is slightly propelled forward and backward by repulsion. The interruption of cleaving due to bending or the like can be reduced. The frequency at this time can be freely selected within the range of 1 to 80 Hz and the vibration amount within the range of 0.01 to 10 mm. The vibration may be an electromagnetic or electromechanical method using a motor or a solenoid, and can also be realized by minutely controlling the pressure of the hydraulic pump.

  Next, a pipe cleaving test was performed using a pipe cleaving apparatus A2 (total length: about 1300 mm) provided with the pipe cleaving jig 11 shown in FIG. 12, and the results will be described with reference to FIGS. In this test, the propelling means is manually operated using a pipe made of aluminum brass (C6872) (total length: 500 mm, diameter: 19 mm, wall thickness: 1.2 mm) used as a condenser for thermal power / nuclear power generation as a pipe to be cut. This was performed by a hydraulic pump (cylinder stroke 300 mm, maximum load 10 ton). Also, a pipe cleaving test is performed with the pipe residue control tool 8 attached to one of the pipe cleaving jigs 11 and the pipe residue control tool 8 removed to the other, depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8. The difference in the form of piping residue was confirmed.

20A is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the pipe P is being cleaved using the pipe cleaving device A2, and FIG. 20B is a schematic diagram showing the difference in the form of the pipe residues P5 and P6 depending on whether or not the pipe residue control tool 8 is present. FIG.
FIG. 20A shows a state in which the pipe cleaving jig 11 is moved from the right side to the left side on the drawing by a propelling means (not shown) in the process of cleaving the pipe P using the pipe cleaving device A2. Show. The pipe P is cleaved into two by two cemented carbide chips CH and CH constituting the pipe cleaving jig 11, and residues P5 and P5 are generated as chips. The two residues P5 and P5 are cut from the pipe P by the two cemented carbide chips CH and CH and then discharged together along the shape of the cutting tool 110. Thereafter, since the side surfaces of the residues P5 and P5 are discharged along the tapered surface of the pipe residue control tool 8, the form thereof is a spiral form from the back side of the drawing toward the front side.

  FIG. 20B is a schematic diagram showing the difference in the configuration of the pipe residues P5 and P6 depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8 with the pipe residue control tool 8 attached to only one side of the pipe cleaving jig 11. A pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to one side (upper side of the drawing) of the pipe cleaving jig 11, and the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the other side (lower side of the drawing). The state in the middle of the cleaving at the time of moving the pipe cleaving jig | tool 11 by the propulsion means which is not illustrated toward FIG. In FIG. 20B, the spacer 20 is also attached to the side where the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached, but the side where the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached is used to grasp the form of the discharged residue P6. The spacer 20 is temporarily removed.

  When the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to the pipe cleaving jig 11, the pipe P is smoothly removed from the pipe P as shown in FIG. Discharged from. On the other hand, when the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the pipe cleaving jig 11, the residue P6 generated from the pipe P is cut from the pipe P by the carbide tip CH as shown in FIG. Then, clogging occurred in the pipe cleaving jig 11 when going out from the pipe cleaving jig 11. As a result, it is necessary to interrupt the cleaving process of the piping and remove the clogging, so that the efficiency of the cleaving process is lowered.

  FIGS. 21A and 21B show the forms of the pipe residues P5 and P6 after the pipe split test with and without the pipe residue control tool 8 in the pipe split jig 11 as in the case shown in FIG. 20B. It is a schematic diagram to compare. In the pipe cleaving jig 11 shown in FIG. 21A, the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to the pipe cleaving jig 11 on the right side of the drawing, and the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the left side of the drawing. (Indicates a state in which one spacer 20 on the right side of the drawing, to which the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached, is removed in order to grasp the entire discharge form of the pipe residue P5).

  The difference in the (discharge) form of the pipe residues P5 and P6 depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8 is that the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to the pipe cleaving jig 11 as shown in FIGS. 21 (a) and 21 (b). In that case, the piping residue P5 is discharged spirally. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cleaving process from being hindered by the pipe residue P5 coming into contact with the pipe cleaving jig 11 or a cleaving device (not shown).

This is because the pipe residue P5 is formed in a substantially spiral shape with a curvature when it is discharged along the cemented carbide chip CH which is the blade portion, the taper T1 of the blade continuous surface and the S1 surface of the blade 110, This is realized by the inclination θ of the S2 surface which is the T2 taper surface of the pipe residue control tool 8. In the pipe residue P5 on the right side of the paper surface shown in FIG. 21 (a), the pipe residue P5 is pushed upward toward the paper surface of FIG. 20 (a) so that the pipe residue P5 has a spiral shape or a spring spring shape at an appropriate pitch. This is realized by controlling the residue P5.

Here, by changing the inclination θ of the S2 surface according to the length, thickness, and material of the pipe, it is possible to realize a pipe residue spiral or a ring spring-shaped pitch. The angle γ = 45 ° and θ = 7 ° for realizing the taper T1 in FIG. 21 in this pipe cleaving test, but the S1 surface does not necessarily have an angle equivalent to the angle γ, and continues the continuous T1 inclination. Alternatively, it may be a flat surface like the cutting tool 110 shown in FIG.

 Here, each angle is preferably selected from a range of γ = 30 to 60 ° and θ = 5 to 15 °. As described above, the large residue control taper T1 in which the blade surfaces S1 and S1 are connected to the blade portion gives an appropriate curvature to the residue to form a ring shape. A residue control taper T2 with a small surface (inclination indicated by θ in the figure) pushes a ring-shaped object diagonally to give an appropriate pitch like a spring spring and control the residue discharge shape in three dimensions. Can do. By this, it can discharge | emit as a shape which does not give a failure | damage to the whole cleaving apparatus.

  Here, another embodiment for controlling the ring spring-like pitch of the piping residue will be described. In FIG. 12, a spring or a spring washer is inserted between the spacer 20 and the pipe residue control tool 8 and the amount of the taper surface S2 protruding from the end surface of the spacer 20 by controlling the tightening force of the bolt B is simplified. The pitch of piping residue can be varied. This makes it possible to smoothly cut pipes having different types, diameters, and thicknesses at actual sites.

Moreover, it replaces with the member which can change the said spring or a spring washer, and can also change the pitch of piping residue by inserting a spacer and changing the thickness and the number of sheets. Furthermore, it is also within the scope of the present invention to use the cutting tool having the tapered portion described in FIGS. 1 to 8 as the cutting tool having the tapered portion instead of the cutting tool 110 used in the description of the pipe cleaving test from FIGS. is there. Further, although the cutting tool 110 is described and illustrated as having the carbide chip CH embedded therein, it is not possible to make a cutting tool having an integrated blade part in which the taper part of FIG. It is within the scope of the invention.

On the other hand, when the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the pipe cleaving jig 11, the spacers 20, 20 again after the pipe residue P6 is discharged as shown on the left side of the drawing of FIG. Since the pipe residue P6 cannot be discharged from the pipe cleaving jig 11 in the same manner as shown in FIG. 20B, the pipe cleaving process must be interrupted.

  FIG. 22 shows an example of the form of the pipe residue (chip) P5 after the pipe P is cleaved by the pipe cleaving jig 11 to which the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached. Since the pipe residue P5 has a three-dimensional spiral shape as shown in FIG. 22, for example, it is possible to accurately conduct chemical investigations with the pipe divided into two, for example, contamination and corrosion of the inner surface of the pipe.

  As described above, as a method of cleaving the pipe in the longitudinal direction, conventionally, a fusing method using heat such as laser or welding, and a cutting method using a saw-shaped blade or various tools have been adopted, respectively. There were many issues. In addition, in pipes made of steel materials including non-ferrous metals, the cross section of the tool may be V-shaped and like a knife blade. However, in V-shaped, the stress applied to the sharp tip of the tip is large. However, there was a problem that the cutting edge was lost immediately.

In addition, when a tool cuts into a material, it is necessary to deform the material according to its shape, but the material itself is high in strength, so it is difficult to deform, and the tool that has been forced into the material with great force It will be sandwiched. As a result, a very large cutting load is required, which overcomes the problem of being unable to cut and causing buckling of the material.

  The pipe cleaving device according to the present invention pushes the material into the material and cleaves it while discharging a part of the material as a strip-like residue having the same width as the tool, thereby greatly reducing the force for pinching the tool. This facilitates the movement of the tool in the axial direction, that is, “cutting”. As a result, high-strength materials such as non-ferrous metals and steel-based materials can be cleaved in the axial direction. This is not limited to pipe cleaving when pipes are discarded at chemical plants, etc., and pipe cleaving and reuse. In this case, it has a very useful effect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 11 Pipe cutting jig 2 Blade part 3 Taper part 3A R Chamfer part 3B Roller part 3C Detachable taper part 8 Pipe residue control tool 10 Side surface fixing tool 20 Spacer 55 Pipe support jig 80 Pipe diameter expansion jig 100, 110 Cutting tool 160 Prop A, A2 Piping breaker B Bolt CH Carbide tip N Nut P Piping PF Piping fixing part (Piping fixing arm)
P3 to P6 Piping residue (chips)
T promotion means

Claims (14)

  A pipe cleaving jig provided with a cutting tool having a plurality of blade parts for cleaving a pipe, wherein the cutting tool is further provided with one or more tapered parts. The pipe cleaving jig according to claim 1, wherein the tapered portion has either a roller portion or an R chamfered portion. The blade is composed of two blade portions and two taper portions, and the blade portions and the taper portions are formed orthogonal to each other. 2. The pipe cleaving jig according to 2. The blade portion has an inclined surface, and the distance from the axial center of the blade tool to the lower end of the inclined surface of the blade portion is smaller than the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe to be cut, and the inclined surface of the blade portion from the axial center of the blade tool. The pipe cleaving jig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a distance to the upper end is larger than a radius of an inner diameter of the pipe to be cleaved. The pipe cleaving jig according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tapered portion is formed so as to be in close contact with an inner diameter surface of a pipe to be cleaved. A cutting tool having a plurality of blade parts for cutting the pipe, at least two spacers sandwiching the cutting tool from both sides, and at least two pipe residue control tools attached to the spacer and having a tapered surface; A piping cleaving jig comprising: The pipe cleaving jig according to claim 6, further comprising a side surface fixture that connects the two spacers. A pipe cleaving apparatus comprising: the pipe cleaving jig according to any one of claims 1 to 7; and a propulsion unit that propels the pipe cleaving jig along a longitudinal direction of the pipe. . The pipe cleaving apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a pipe support jig that is disposed on the front side of the propulsion with respect to the pipe cleaving jig and that movably supports the pipe. The pipe cleaving apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the pipe support jig includes an open / close type pipe fixing part. 11. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a pipe diameter increasing jig that is disposed on a rear side of the pipe with respect to the pipe cleaving jig and expands the cleaved pipe to the outside. The pipe cleaving device described in 1.   After fixing the said pipe | tube to the piping cleaving apparatus of any one of Claim 8 thru | or 11, the said pipe cleaving jig is pushed along the longitudinal direction of the said piping using the said propulsion means, and the said piping. A pipe cleaving method characterized by cleaving.   The pipe cleaving method according to claim 12, wherein the pipe is cleaved by intermittently pushing the pipe cleaving jig along the longitudinal direction of the pipe.   The pipe cleaving method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the pipe support jig is moved substantially in synchronization with the movement of the propulsion means.

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