JP2016138672A - Fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluidized bed reactor such as a fluidized bed boiler capable of providing notification of a wear amount of a furnace wall by a simple configuration, without separately providing a sensor such as a probe.SOLUTION: A fluidized bed reactor, which includes a furnace wall 1 for defining a reaction chamber 2, makes reaction performed while making solid matter flow within the reaction chamber 2. A furnace wall pipe 4 itself constituting the furnace wall 1 has wear amount information providing means 4b that provides information on a wear amount. This enables the information on the wear amount of the furnace wall 1 to be provided by a simple configuration, without separately providing a sensor such as a probe.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor.

  Conventionally, a fluidized bed boiler is known in which a fuel and air are mixed with a solid material in a reaction chamber and burned while forming a fluidized bed (fluidized bed), and heat is exchanged with water flowing in the furnace wall tube by this combustion reaction. Yes. Some fluidized bed boilers are equipped with a wear diagnosis device for grasping wear thinning of a furnace wall (including a furnace wall tube) due to intense stirring of solid material or heat (for example, Patent Document 1). Such a wear diagnosis device diagnoses wear of a furnace wall based on the degree of wear of a probe that detachably attaches to the furnace wall through the furnace wall and protrudes inward from the furnace wall, and the tip of the probe. Wear diagnosis means.

JP 2012-21118A

  In the wear diagnostic apparatus as described above, a probe penetrating the furnace wall is separately required, and the number of parts increases, the configuration becomes complicated, and there are many problems such as the need to attach the furnace wall. In addition, such a probe is very worn and there is a risk of frequent replacement.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is possible to start with a fluidized bed boiler capable of notifying a wear amount of a furnace wall with a simple configuration without separately providing a sensor such as a probe. An object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed reactor.

  The fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention includes a furnace wall that defines a reaction chamber, and is a fluidized bed reactor that performs a reaction while allowing a solid to flow in the reaction chamber. It is characterized by having wear amount information providing means for providing wear amount information.

  According to such a fluidized bed reactor, since the pipe itself has wear amount information providing means, it is possible to provide the wear amount information of the furnace wall with a simple configuration without separately providing a sensor such as a probe.

  Here, as a configuration of the wear amount information providing unit that preferably exhibits the above-described operation, specifically, a configuration that provides an electrical change based on the wear of the tube can be given.

  In addition, as a configuration of the wear amount information providing unit that preferably exhibits the above-described action, specifically, the electrical change is a change in electrical resistance value.

  Further, as a configuration of the wear amount information providing means that preferably exhibits the above-described action, specifically, the electrical change is a change in electrical resistance value due to wear of the tube.

  Further, as a configuration of the wear amount information providing means that preferably exhibits the above-described action, specifically, the electrical change is a change in electrical resistance value due to disconnection of the electrical wiring provided in the tube.

  In addition, as a configuration of the wear amount information providing unit that preferably exhibits the above-described operation, specifically, a configuration in which a detection component is provided according to the wear of the tube can be given.

  As described above, according to the fluidized bed reactor of the present invention, it is possible to notify the amount of wear of the furnace wall with a simple configuration without separately providing a sensor such as a probe.

It is a schematic sectional lineblock diagram showing the fluidized bed reactor concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the principal part of the fluidized bed reaction furnace shown in FIG. 1 from the furnace inner side. It is sectional drawing which shows the furnace wall pipe and its periphery when cut | disconnected by the III-III line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which the furnace wall pipe shown in FIG. 3 worn out. It is sectional drawing which shows the furnace wall pipe which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and its periphery. It is a figure which shows the state which the furnace wall pipe shown in FIG. 5 worn out. It is sectional drawing which shows the furnace wall pipe which concerns on 3rd Embodiment, and its periphery. It is a figure which shows the state which the furnace wall pipe shown in FIG. 7 worn out. It is sectional drawing which shows the furnace wall pipe which concerns on 4th Embodiment, and its periphery. It is a figure which shows the state which the furnace wall pipe shown in FIG. 9 worn out.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same or equivalent elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

[First Embodiment]
The fluidized bed reactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a fluidized bed reactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view of the main part of the fluidized bed reactor shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the furnace wall tube and its periphery when cut along the line III-III in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the furnace wall tube shown in FIG. Here, the fluidized bed reactor will be described as a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler.

  The circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 has a shape in which the upper and lower ends of a rectangular cylinder are closed. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed boiler narrows in the width direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) and becomes smaller. It is made into a shape. In this circulating fluidized bed boiler 100, the reaction chamber 2 is formed in a rectangular cylinder whose upper and lower ends are closed. The circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 introduces combustion air from a plurality of openings 3 provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber 2 and introduces fuel (or a reaction target) from the lower portion of the reaction chamber 2, and the fuel is used as silica sand or the like. A combustion reaction is performed in the reaction chamber 2 while flowing together with a fluid material (solid matter).

  Specifically, the furnace wall 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 includes furnace wall tubes (tubes) 4 and 4 arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the furnace wall 1 (left and right direction in FIG. 2), as shown in FIG. Are connected by flat fins 5 (connecting plates). The furnace wall tube 4 exchanges heat from the combustion reaction in the reaction chamber 2 with water flowing in the furnace wall tube 4. That is, the furnace wall tube 4 is a water tube. The furnace wall 1 composed of the furnace wall tube 4 and the fins 5 has an upper furnace wall part A and a lower furnace wall part B located below the upper furnace wall part A. A refractory 6 is lined on the lower furnace wall portion B along the circumferential direction of the furnace wall 1, and projects beyond the furnace wall 1 into the reaction chamber 2.

  Here, the refractory 6 is a refractory lining such as a ceramic fired product. Further, instead of the furnace wall tube 4 through which water flows, heat exchange may be performed using a furnace wall tube through which water vapor flows.

  The furnace wall tube 4 will be described in more detail. As shown in FIG. 3, the furnace wall tube 4 includes a main body portion 4 a and an information providing portion (wear amount information providing means) 4 b. The main body portion 4a is, for example, an iron cylindrical heat transfer tube, and the inside of the tube serves as the water flow path. The outer circumferential surface of the semicircular section 4c projecting toward the reaction chamber 2 of the main body portion 4a forms the inner surface of the furnace wall 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the semicircular section 4d projecting outside the reaction chamber 2 Forms the outer surface of the furnace wall 1.

  The information providing portion 4b is, for example, a plurality (two in this example) of electrical wiring, and is electrically connected to the main body portion 4a. Specifically, one end of each information providing portion 4 b is embedded in a portion 4 d projecting outside the reaction chamber 2 and integrated with the furnace wall tube 4. Thereby, the information providing part 4b is electrically connected to the main body part 4a, and the information providing parts 4b can be energized via the main body part 4a. Therefore, the electrical resistance value and the like in the furnace wall tube 4 can be measured by connecting each information providing portion 4b to a measuring instrument (not shown).

  In the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100, the furnace wall tube 4 is worn out over time. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the portion 4 c projecting to the reaction chamber 2 side is worn out by the collision of a solid material such as a fluidized material, and the thickness of the furnace wall tube 4 is reduced. When power is supplied to the furnace wall tube 4 where the thinning has occurred, the provided electrical resistance value differs from that before the thinning. That is, the furnace wall tube 4 provides an electrical change (change in electrical resistance value) based on wear. The amount of wear of the furnace wall tube 4 can be grasped by measuring this change with a measuring instrument or the like.

  As described above, according to the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100, since the furnace wall tube 4 itself has the information providing portion 4b, the amount of wear of the furnace wall tube 4 can be reduced with a simple configuration without separately providing a sensor such as a probe. Information can be provided.

  In addition, since the information providing portion 4b is located outside the reaction chamber 2, there is no need to arrange a probe or the like protruding into the reaction chamber 2, and the fluidized material bounces off the probe or the like and wears the furnace wall 1. It is suppressed from being promoted.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the furnace wall tube 4 and its periphery according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which the furnace wall tube 4 shown in FIG. 5 is worn.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a main portion of an information providing portion (abrasion amount information providing means) 14 that is an electrical wiring is protruded to the reaction chamber 2 side. It is a point embedded in.

  Specifically, the main part of the information providing part 14 is embedded in the part 4c so as to draw a substantially semicircle along the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the part 4c protruding to the reaction chamber 2 side. Is constructed so as to be drawn out from a portion 4 d projecting outside the reaction chamber 2 and integrated with the furnace wall tube 4. And the change of the electrical resistance value of the information provision part 14 by the presence or absence of a disconnection can be measured by connecting the both ends from which the information provision part 14 was drawn out to a measuring device (illustration omitted) etc.

  Then, as time passes, as shown in FIG. 6, the portion 4 c protruding to the reaction chamber 2 side is worn out, and when the thickness of the furnace wall tube 4 is reduced, the information providing portion 14 embedded in the main body portion 4 a is changed. Disconnect. Thereby, from the information provision part 14, the electrical change (change of an electrical resistance value) based on wear is provided. The amount of wear of the furnace wall tube 4 can be grasped by measuring this change with a measuring instrument or the like.

  As described above, also in the present embodiment, the above-described effect, that is, the effect of providing wear amount information of the furnace wall tube 4 with a simple configuration without separately providing a sensor such as a probe or the like is achieved.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the furnace wall tube 4 and its periphery according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a view showing a state in which the furnace wall tube 4 shown in FIG. 7 is worn.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the information providing portion (wear amount information providing means) 24 has a material different from that of the main body portion 4a, and the information providing portion 24 is embedded in the main body portion 4a. Different from the first and second embodiments.

  Specifically, the information providing portion 24 is formed of a material other than the material (for example, iron) constituting the main body portion 4a, has a cylindrical shape concentric with the main body portion 4a, and has an annular shape on the main body portion 4a. Embedded. The material constituting the information providing portion 24 may be any material that can be distinguished from the fly ash in the reaction chamber 2.

  Then, as time passes, as shown in FIG. 8, when the portion 4c protruding to the reaction chamber 2 side is worn out and the wall thickness of the furnace wall tube 4 is reduced, the information providing portion 24 built in the main body portion 4a is changed. It becomes the detection component 24a and scatters in the reaction chamber 2. Thereby, from the furnace wall tube 4, the detection component 24a is provided according to wear. The wear amount of the furnace wall tube 4 can be grasped by measuring the detection component 24a with a measuring instrument or the like installed in the furnace or downstream of the furnace.

  As described above, also in the present embodiment, the above-described effect, that is, the effect of providing wear amount information of the furnace wall tube 4 with a simple configuration without separately providing a sensor such as a probe or the like is achieved.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the furnace wall tube 4 and its periphery according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a view showing a state in which the furnace wall tube 4 shown in FIG. 9 is worn.

  This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that any one or a plurality of furnace wall tubes 4 are used as dummy tubes. As shown in FIG. 9, the furnace wall tube 4 used as a dummy tube is filled with an information providing portion (wear amount information providing means) 34 made of a gas such as hydrogen chloride.

  Then, as time passes, as shown in FIG. 10, when the portion 4c protruding to the reaction chamber 2 side is worn out and the wall thickness of the furnace wall tube 4 progresses and the inside of the tube is exposed, the furnace wall tube 4 is filled. The provided information providing portion 34 becomes a detection component and scatters in the reaction chamber 2. That is, the detection component is provided from the furnace wall tube 4 according to wear. And the amount of wear of the furnace wall tube 4 can be grasped by measuring this detected component with a measuring instrument or the like installed in the furnace or downstream from the furnace.

  As described above, also in the present embodiment, the above-described effect, that is, the wear amount information of the furnace wall tube 4 can be provided with a simple configuration without separately providing a sensor such as a probe.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was concretely demonstrated based on the embodiment, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the wear amount information providing means need not be provided in all the furnace wall pipes, and may be provided in an appropriate number.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 is made into the rectangular cylinder shape, a cylindrical shape etc. may be sufficient, for example.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although application to the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 is described as being especially suitable, it is applicable also to the fluidized bed boiler which does not circulate, Furthermore, it is not a combustion reaction but is a chemical with heat generation. The present invention can also be applied to a furnace that performs a reaction, and in short, can be applied to a fluidized bed reactor that performs a reaction in a reaction chamber.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Furnace wall, 2 ... Reaction chamber, 4 ... Furnace wall pipe (pipe), 4b, 14, 24, 34 ... Information provision part (wear amount information provision means), 24a ... Detection component, 100 ... Circulating fluidized bed boiler ( Fluidized bed reactor).

Claims (6)

A fluidized bed reactor comprising a furnace wall defining a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction is carried out while flowing solids in the reaction chamber;
The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the pipe itself constituting the furnace wall has wear amount information providing means for providing information on the wear amount.   The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the wear amount information providing means provides an electrical change based on wear of the pipe.   The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 2, wherein the electrical change is a change in electrical resistance value.   The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 3, wherein the electrical change is a change in the electrical resistance value due to wear of the pipe.   The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 3, wherein the electrical change is a change in the electrical resistance value due to disconnection of electrical wiring provided in the pipe.   The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the wear amount information providing means provides a detection component in accordance with wear of the pipe.

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