JP2016133047A - Exhaust emission assembly device of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust emission assembly device of internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP2016133047A
JP2016133047A JP2015007979A JP2015007979A JP2016133047A JP 2016133047 A JP2016133047 A JP 2016133047A JP 2015007979 A JP2015007979 A JP 2015007979A JP 2015007979 A JP2015007979 A JP 2015007979A JP 2016133047 A JP2016133047 A JP 2016133047A
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exhaust
internal combustion
exhaust gas
combustion engine
cylinder
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JP6444183B2 (en
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克己 八木
Katsumi Yagi
克己 八木
祥紀 清水
Yasunori Shimizu
祥紀 清水
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Sango Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust gas emission assembly device of an internal combustion engine capable of satisfying both requirements of performance improvement and exhaust emission control performance of the internal combustion engine.SOLUTION: This invention comprises a cylinder 2 storing exhaust emission control device [catalyst carrier 1] and a container 3 formed to enclose this cylinder. This container is formed with a plurality of exhaust emission flow passages 21 to 24 communicated with and connected to a plurality of exhaust emission ports [exhaust ports 11 to 14] between the container and the outer surface of the cylinder, a plurality of exhaust emission flow passages are formed to be communicated with one opening end 2a of the cylinder and a discharging pipe 4 is communicated with and connected to the other opening end 2b of the cylinder. Further, the container is bulged out and formed in an annular manner in a direction crossing at a right angle with an axis of the cylinder to form a plurality of annular flow passages 31 to 34 and at the same time it is sufficient that a guide part 3a for guiding exhaust emission to the opening end 2a of the cylinder is formed in the container.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、内燃機関の排気集合装置に関し、特に、排気浄化装置を内蔵し、自動車の内燃機関に好適な内燃機関の排気集合装置に係る。   The present invention relates to an exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine that incorporates an exhaust purification device and is suitable for an internal combustion engine of an automobile.

多気筒内燃機関に装着され、複数の排気ポートから排出される排気ガスを集約して下流側に供給する排気集合装置においては、各排気ポートから間歇的に排出される排気ガスの干渉を避け、排気慣性を利用して燃焼室から排気ガスを吸出し、燃焼室への充填効率を上げて内燃機関の出力性能を向上させる機能が求められており、各排気ポートから最初の集合部までの長さであるブランチ長をある程度長く、且つ任意に設定し得ることが求められている。特に、4気筒内燃機関において例えば第1気筒のブランチと第4気筒のブランチを集合させると共に、第2気筒のブランチと第3気筒のブランチを集合(4→2)させ、更にそれらを一つの排気管に集合(2→1)させる、所謂「4−2−1集合」の態様では、「4−2」のブランチ長だけでなく「2−1」のブランチ長(及び「4−2−1」全体の長さ)のチューニングも重要となっている。   In an exhaust gas collection device that is mounted on a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and collects exhaust gases exhausted from a plurality of exhaust ports and supplies them downstream, avoid interference of exhaust gases intermittently exhausted from each exhaust port, There is a demand for a function that uses exhaust inertia to suck exhaust gas from the combustion chamber and increase the filling efficiency of the combustion chamber to improve the output performance of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, it is required that the branch length can be set arbitrarily long and arbitrarily. In particular, in a four-cylinder internal combustion engine, for example, a branch of the first cylinder and a branch of the fourth cylinder are aggregated, a branch of the second cylinder and a branch of the third cylinder are aggregated (4 → 2), and these are further combined into one exhaust. In the so-called “4-2-1 aggregation” mode in which the tubes are aggregated (2 → 1), not only the branch length of “4-2” but also the branch length of “2-1” (and “4-2-1”). "Overall length) tuning is also important.

更に、排気脈動を積極的に活用すべく、各ブランチ長や合流部の位置設定に留まらず、バルブタイミング可変機構の充実に着目し、あらゆる回転数領域で積極的に排気脈動波のマッチングを活用し、全回転数領域で充填効率向上を図ることも提案されている。例えば、下記の特許文献1には、「エンジンの低・中速域の高負荷域で、効果的にノッキングを抑制しつつ、高圧縮比エンジンによる高トルク化を達成することができる火花点火式多気筒エンジンを提供する」ことを目的とし、「エンジンの幾何学的圧縮比が12を超える高圧縮比に設定されるとともに、各気筒の排気ポートに接続された分岐排気通路が排気順序が隣り合わない気筒同士で第1集合部により集合され、各第1集合部の下流の中間排気通路が第2集合部で集合された排気マニフォールドと、上記排気マニフォールドより下流に設けられ、かつ排気通路断面が拡大した空間部を有する複数の空洞拡大室と、排気弁の開弁時期を変更する排気バルブタイミング可変機構と、各気筒に設けられた点火プラグの点火時期を制御する点火時期制御手段と、有効圧縮比を調節する有効圧縮比調節手段と」を備えた装置が開示され、各手段を特定した装置が提案されている(特許文献1の段落〔0009〕及び〔0010〕に記載)。   Furthermore, in order to actively utilize exhaust pulsation, we focus not only on setting the position of each branch length and merging section, but also focusing on the enhancement of the variable valve timing mechanism, and actively utilizing exhaust pulsation wave matching in all speed ranges. However, it has also been proposed to improve the filling efficiency in the entire rotational speed region. For example, the following Patent Document 1 states that “a spark ignition type that can achieve high torque by a high compression ratio engine while effectively suppressing knocking in a high load range of low and medium speed ranges of the engine. “To provide a multi-cylinder engine”, “the geometric compression ratio of the engine is set to a high compression ratio exceeding 12, and the branch exhaust passage connected to the exhaust port of each cylinder is adjacent to the exhaust order. Exhaust manifolds that are not aligned with each other and are gathered by the first gathering portion, and an intermediate exhaust passage downstream of each first gathering portion is gathered by the second gathering portion, and are provided downstream of the exhaust manifold, and the exhaust passage section A plurality of cavity expansion chambers having an enlarged space portion, an exhaust valve timing variable mechanism for changing the opening timing of the exhaust valve, and an ignition for controlling the ignition timing of the spark plug provided in each cylinder An apparatus having a period control means and an effective compression ratio adjusting means for adjusting an effective compression ratio is disclosed, and an apparatus specifying each means has been proposed (paragraphs [0009] and [0010] of Patent Document 1). Described in).

また、下記の特許文献2には、「排気マニホールドの排気管長を自由に設定することができ、触媒の配置スペースを十分に確保して、触媒の性能を常に最高度に維持することができ、これらにより、内燃機関の高出力化と低エミッション化との両立を図ることができる多気筒内燃機関の排気系における触媒配置構造を提供する」ことを目的とし、「多気筒内燃機関の排気系における触媒配置構造であって、一端が前記内燃機関の排気ポートに接続された複数の排気管が、内燃機関本体から遠ざかる方向に延出された第1構成排気管部分と、前記第1構成排気管部分に続いて、第1の湾曲部を有し、前記内燃機関本体に近づく方向に反転する第2構成排気管部分と、前記第2構成排気管部分に続いて、第2の湾曲部を有し、前記内燃機関本体から遠ざかる方向に反転する第3構成排気管部分とを備え、前記第3構成排気管部分の下流側が、触媒に接続され、前記触媒が、前記第1構成排気管部分と前記第2構成排気管部分と前記第3構成排気管部分とにより囲まれて形成される空間に配置されたことを特徴とする多気筒内燃機関の排気系における触媒配置構造」が提案されている(特許文献2の段落〔0007〕及び〔0008〕に記載)。   In addition, the following Patent Document 2 states that “the exhaust pipe length of the exhaust manifold can be set freely, a sufficient space for the catalyst can be secured, and the catalyst performance can always be maintained at the highest level. The purpose of these is to provide a catalyst arrangement structure in an exhaust system of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine that can achieve both high output and low emission of the internal combustion engine. A first arrangement exhaust pipe portion in which a plurality of exhaust pipes, one end of which is connected to an exhaust port of the internal combustion engine, extends in a direction away from the internal combustion engine main body, and the first arrangement exhaust pipe. The second constituent exhaust pipe part having a first curved part following the part and inverting in a direction approaching the internal combustion engine body, and the second curved part following the second constituent exhaust pipe part. And the internal combustion engine body A third constituent exhaust pipe portion that reverses in the direction of moving away, and a downstream side of the third constituent exhaust pipe portion is connected to a catalyst, and the catalyst is connected to the first constituent exhaust pipe portion and the second constituent exhaust pipe portion. And a catalyst arrangement structure in the exhaust system of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, which is arranged in a space formed by being surrounded by the third constituent exhaust pipe portion (see paragraph [Patent Document 2]). 0007] and [0008]).

特許第4993010号公報Japanese Patent No. 4999310 特開2001−152840号公報JP 2001-152840 A

上記特許文献1に記載の排気脈動を積極的に活用する排気集合装置においては、反射波が合流部で負圧波に反転して燃焼室に戻るタイミングの関係上、上記ブランチ長を等長とし、且つできるだけ長く設定することが要請されている。然し乍ら、このような要請に応えるには、排気ポートから集合部までの長さ、及びその下流側の排気ガス浄化装置(触媒コンバータ)に至るまでの距離を短くすることができず、内燃機関の性能向上要件と排気浄化性能要件が背反となっている。   In the exhaust gas collecting apparatus that actively utilizes the exhaust pulsation described in Patent Document 1, the branch length is made equal in relation to the timing at which the reflected wave reverses to the negative pressure wave at the junction and returns to the combustion chamber, And it is required to set as long as possible. However, in order to meet such demands, the length from the exhaust port to the collecting portion and the distance from the downstream side to the exhaust gas purification device (catalytic converter) cannot be shortened. Performance improvement requirements and exhaust purification performance requirements are contradictory.

つまり、内燃機関の性能向上要件を充足するためには排気集合装置の大型化を回避することは困難であり、狭小なエンジンルーム内で他部品との物理的干渉や熱の影響を避けて排気集合装置を搭載することは至難である。このことは前述の「4−2−1集合」の態様だけでなく、所謂「4−1集合」の態様でも同様である。また、排気浄化性能要件を充足するためには排気浄化装置の大型化のみならず、上流側(内燃機関側)への配置、複数個の搭載等が必要となり、搭載上及びスペース上の問題が残る。   In other words, it is difficult to avoid an increase in the size of the exhaust gas collecting device in order to satisfy the performance improvement requirements of the internal combustion engine. In the narrow engine room, avoid the physical interference with other parts and the influence of heat. It is very difficult to install a collective device. This is the same not only in the above-described “4-2-1 set” mode but also in the so-called “4-1 set” mode. In addition, in order to satisfy the exhaust purification performance requirements, not only the exhaust purification device needs to be enlarged, but it must be arranged on the upstream side (internal combustion engine side), multiple mounted, etc. Remain.

上記の背反する課題を解消するためには、特許文献2に記載の構成とすることも一法であるが、ブランチパイプ(分岐管)を製造するための複雑な曲げ加工及び困難な溶接が必要であり、コストアップが不可避となる。また、内燃機関に並設し3次元的に巻回することとしているが、ブランチ長の設定を変更するためには、3次元的な経路で4本のブランチパイプの長さを調整する必要があるので、ブランチ長の設定自由度は殆どなくなる。更に、内燃機関の振動に伴いブランチパイプが個別に振動することになるが、特許文献2に記載のような長く、曲がり箇所の多いブランチパイプは振動し易く、内燃機関の高回転時には振動を抑えることが至難である。   In order to solve the above contradictory problems, the configuration described in Patent Document 2 is one method, but complicated bending processing and difficult welding for manufacturing a branch pipe are required. Therefore, cost increases are inevitable. In addition, the three-dimensional winding is arranged in parallel with the internal combustion engine. However, in order to change the setting of the branch length, it is necessary to adjust the lengths of the four branch pipes in a three-dimensional path. As a result, there is almost no freedom in setting the branch length. Further, the branch pipes vibrate individually with the vibration of the internal combustion engine. However, as described in Patent Document 2, a long branch pipe with many bent portions is easy to vibrate, and suppresses the vibration at the time of high rotation of the internal combustion engine. It is very difficult.

そこで、本発明は、内燃機関の性能向上要件と排気浄化性能要件の両要件を充足し得る内燃機関の排気集合装置を提供することを課題とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine that can satisfy both the performance improvement requirement and the exhaust purification performance requirement of the internal combustion engine.

上記の課題を達成するため、本発明は、内燃機関の複数の排気ポートに連通接続され排気ガス浄化装置を内蔵する内燃機関の排気集合装置において、前記排気ガス浄化装置を収容する筒体と、該筒体を囲繞するように形成される容器であって、前記筒体の外面との間に前記複数の排気ポートに連通接続される複数の排気流路が形成されると共に、該複数の排気流路が前記筒体の一方の開口端に連通するように形成された容器と、前記筒体の他方の開口端に連通接続される排出管とを備えることとしたものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine that is connected to a plurality of exhaust ports of the internal combustion engine and incorporates an exhaust gas purification apparatus, and a cylinder that houses the exhaust gas purification apparatus; A container formed so as to surround the cylindrical body, wherein a plurality of exhaust passages connected to the plurality of exhaust ports are formed between the outer surface of the cylindrical body and the plurality of exhaust gases The flow path includes a container formed so as to communicate with one open end of the cylindrical body, and a discharge pipe connected to the other open end of the cylindrical body.

上記の排気集合装置において、前記複数の排気流路は、前記筒体の軸に対し直交する方向に前記容器が環状に膨出形成されて成る複数の環状流路を有し、該複数の環状流路が前記筒体に並設されている構成とするとよい。   In the exhaust collecting apparatus, the plurality of exhaust passages include a plurality of annular passages formed by annularly forming the container in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the cylindrical body. It is good to set it as the structure by which the flow path was arranged in parallel with the said cylinder.

また、上記の排気集合装置において、前記容器は、前記複数の環状流路内の排気ガスを前記筒体の一方の開口端に案内する案内部を有する構成とするとよい。この案内部は、容器の一方の端部に蓋部材を接合することによって構成することができるが、蓋部材を一体的に形成することとしてもよい。   In the exhaust gas collecting apparatus, the container may include a guide portion that guides the exhaust gas in the plurality of annular channels to one open end of the cylindrical body. Although this guide part can be comprised by joining a cover member to one edge part of a container, it is good also as forming a cover member integrally.

更に、上記の排気集合装置において、前記容器は、前記内燃機関のクランク軸に対し前記筒体の軸が平行となるように配置するとよい。また、前記複数の排気流路は、前記複数の環状流路と前記複数の排気ポートとを連通接続する複数の分岐管を有する構成としてもよい。更に、前記複数の分岐管は、前記内燃機関のクランク軸に対し直交する方向に並設されている構成としてもよい。   Furthermore, in the above exhaust collecting apparatus, the container may be arranged such that the axis of the cylindrical body is parallel to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. Further, the plurality of exhaust flow paths may have a plurality of branch pipes that connect the plurality of annular flow paths and the plurality of exhaust ports in communication. Furthermore, the plurality of branch pipes may be arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.

そして、上記の排気集合装置において、前記筒体が、前記排気ガス浄化装置の下流側で、排気音を低減する消音装置、排気ガスの熱を回収し車室内の暖房に供する排気熱回収装置、及び、排気ガスの熱エネルギを直接電気エネルギに変換する熱電型発電装置の少なくとも一つの装置に連通接続される構成とするとよい。   And in the above exhaust gas collecting device, the cylinder is a silencer for reducing exhaust noise on the downstream side of the exhaust gas purification device, an exhaust heat recovery device for recovering heat of the exhaust gas and heating it in the passenger compartment, And it is good to set it as the structure connected to at least 1 apparatus of the thermoelectric power generator which converts the thermal energy of exhaust gas directly into electrical energy.

本発明は上述のように構成されているので以下の効果を奏する。即ち、本発明の内燃機関の排気集合装置においては、排気ガス浄化装置を収容する筒体と、この筒体を囲繞するように形成される容器であって、筒体の外面との間に複数の排気ポートに連通接続される複数の排気流路が形成されると共に、複数の排気流路が筒体の一方の開口端に連通するように形成された容器と、筒体の他方の開口端に連通接続される排出管とを備えたものであるので、各排気流路に必要なブランチ長を容易に確保することができ、排気浄化装置の大型化や、上流側への配置が可能となり、浄化性能や昇温速度が向上する。而して、内燃機関の性能向上要件と排気浄化性能要件の両要件を充足することができる。   Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects. That is, in the exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, a plurality of cylinders are disposed between a cylindrical body that houses the exhaust gas purification device and an outer surface of the cylindrical body so as to surround the cylindrical body. A plurality of exhaust passages connected to the exhaust port of the cylinder, and a container formed such that the plurality of exhaust passages communicate with one opening end of the cylinder, and the other opening end of the cylinder Since it is equipped with an exhaust pipe that is connected to the exhaust pipe, the branch length required for each exhaust passage can be easily secured, and the exhaust purification device can be enlarged and arranged upstream. , Purification performance and heating rate are improved. Thus, both the performance improvement requirement and the exhaust purification performance requirement of the internal combustion engine can be satisfied.

上記の排気集合装置において、複数の排気流路が、筒体の軸に対し直交する方向に容器が環状に膨出形成されて成る複数の環状流路を有し、複数の環状流路が筒体に並設されている構成とすれば、環状流路の長さや配置を自由に設定することができ、各環状流路の長さも適宜調整することもできる。しかも、巻回される環状流路によって筒体の保温が可能となるので、運転状態に影響されることなく浄化性能を維持することができる。   In the above exhaust collecting device, the plurality of exhaust passages have a plurality of annular passages formed by annularly bulging the container in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, and the plurality of annular passages are cylinders. If it is set as the structure arranged in parallel with the body, the length and arrangement | positioning of an annular flow path can be set freely, and the length of each annular flow path can also be adjusted suitably. Moreover, since the cylindrical body can be kept warm by the wound annular flow path, the purification performance can be maintained without being affected by the operation state.

また、上記の排気集合装置において、容器が、複数の環状流路内の排気ガスを筒体の一方の開口端に案内する案内部を有する構成とすれば、環状流路内の排気ガスは案内部で反転して筒体内に流入し、触媒担体の全面に亘って均一に供給されるので、所謂「一様度」が高く、所期の浄化性能を確実に維持することができる。   Further, in the exhaust collecting apparatus described above, if the container has a guide portion that guides the exhaust gas in the plurality of annular channels to one open end of the cylindrical body, the exhaust gas in the annular channel is guided. It reverses at the part and flows into the cylinder and is uniformly supplied over the entire surface of the catalyst carrier, so that the so-called “uniformity” is high and the desired purification performance can be reliably maintained.

更に、上記の排気集合装置において、容器が、内燃機関のクランク軸に対し筒体の軸が平行となるように配置される構成とすれば、配置対象の空間を適切に活用することができる。また、複数の排気流路が、複数の環状流路と複数の排気ポートとを連通接続する複数の分岐管を有する構成とすれば、装着対象の空間を適切に活用することができる。更に、複数の分岐管が、内燃機関のクランク軸に対し直交する方向に並設されている構成とすれば、装着対象の空間を一層適切に活用することができる。   Furthermore, in the above exhaust collecting apparatus, if the container is arranged so that the axis of the cylinder is parallel to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the space to be arranged can be appropriately utilized. Further, if the plurality of exhaust flow paths have a plurality of branch pipes that connect and connect the plurality of annular flow paths and the plurality of exhaust ports, the space to be mounted can be appropriately utilized. Furthermore, if the plurality of branch pipes are arranged side by side in a direction perpendicular to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the space to be mounted can be utilized more appropriately.

そして、上記の排気集合装置において、筒体が、排気ガス浄化装置の下流側で、排気音を低減する消音装置、排気ガスの熱を回収し車室内の暖房に供する排気熱回収装置、及び、排気ガスの熱エネルギを直接電気エネルギに変換する熱電型発電装置の少なくとも一つの装置に連通接続されるように構成すれば、各種機能を有する装置を含め、全体として小型化が可能となり、装着対象の空間を有効に活用することができる。   And in the above exhaust gas collecting device, the cylinder is a silencer for reducing exhaust noise on the downstream side of the exhaust gas purification device, an exhaust heat recovery device for recovering heat of the exhaust gas and heating it in the passenger compartment, and If connected to at least one thermoelectric generator that directly converts the heat energy of the exhaust gas into electrical energy, it can be downsized as a whole, including devices with various functions. Can be used effectively.

本発明の一実施形態に係る排気集合装置の斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of an exhaust gas collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る排気集合装置の一部断面側面図である。1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of an exhaust gas collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図2のA−A線断面図である。It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 本発明の一実施形態に係る排気集合装置の分解斜視図である。1 is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust gas collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る排気集合装置の平面図である。1 is a plan view of an exhaust gas collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る排気集合装置の斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of an exhaust gas collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る排気集合装置の一部断面側面図である。1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of an exhaust gas collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る排気集合装置の平面図である。It is a top view of the exhaust gas collection apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る排気集合装置の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the exhaust gas collection apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る排気集合装置の一部断面側面図である。It is a partial cross section side view of the exhaust gas collection apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の更に他の実施形態に係る排気集合装置の一部断面斜視図である。It is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the exhaust gas collection apparatus which concerns on further another embodiment of this invention. 本発明の別の実施形態に係る排気集合装置の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the exhaust gas collection apparatus which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. 本発明の更に別の実施形態に係る排気集合装置を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the exhaust gas collection apparatus which concerns on another embodiment of this invention.

以下、本発明の望ましい実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。図1乃至図7は本発明の一実施形態に係る内燃機関の排気集合装置を示すもので、直列4気筒の内燃機関の複数(本実施形態では四つ)の排気ポート(図示せず)に連通接続され、本実施形態の排気ガス浄化装置として、排気ガスを浄化する触媒担体1が筒体2に内蔵され、触媒担体1を巻装するように緩衝部材(マット)1aが配設されている。本実施形態では、内燃機関(図示せず)に接合されるヘッドフランジ10に排気孔11乃至14が形成されており、これらの排気孔11乃至14が上記四つの排気ポートに対向するように配置され、夫々に連通するように構成されているので、以下、排気孔11乃至14は各排気ポートと同様の趣旨で説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 7 show an exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a plurality of (four in this embodiment) exhaust ports (not shown) of an in-line four-cylinder internal combustion engine. As an exhaust gas purification device of the present embodiment, which is connected in communication, a catalyst carrier 1 for purifying exhaust gas is built in a cylindrical body 2, and a buffer member (mat) 1 a is disposed so as to wind the catalyst carrier 1. Yes. In this embodiment, exhaust holes 11 to 14 are formed in the head flange 10 joined to an internal combustion engine (not shown), and these exhaust holes 11 to 14 are arranged so as to face the four exhaust ports. Therefore, the exhaust holes 11 to 14 will be described below with the same purpose as the exhaust ports.

図1乃至図7に示すように、筒体2を囲繞するように容器3が形成され、筒体2の外面との間に、複数の排気ポート(排気孔11乃至14)に連通接続される複数(本実施形態では四つ)の排気流路21乃至24が形成されると共に、これらの排気流路21乃至24が筒体2の一方の開口端2aに連通するように形成され、筒体2の他方の開口端2bに排出管4が連通接続されている。而して、本実施形態では所謂「4−1集合」が構成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, a container 3 is formed so as to surround the cylindrical body 2, and communicated with a plurality of exhaust ports (exhaust holes 11 to 14) between the outer surface of the cylindrical body 2. A plurality (four in this embodiment) of exhaust passages 21 to 24 are formed, and these exhaust passages 21 to 24 are formed so as to communicate with one open end 2a of the tubular body 2, so that the tubular body A discharge pipe 4 is connected in communication with the other open end 2b. Thus, in the present embodiment, a so-called “4-1 set” is configured.

複数の排気流路21乃至24は、筒体2の軸に対し直交する方向に容器3が環状に膨出形成されて成る複数(本実施形態では四つ)の環状流路31乃至34を有し、これらの環状流路31乃至34が筒体2の回りに並設されている。本実施形態においては、容器3の一方の端部には別体の蓋部材3cが接合されて閉塞され、その内側に環状流路31乃至34内の排気ガスを筒体2の一方の開口端2aに案内する案内部3aが構成されている。蓋部材3cは容器3と一体的に形成することとしてもよい。また、排気流路21乃至24は、環状流路31乃至34と排気孔11乃至14とを連通接続する分岐管(ブランチパイプ)41乃至44を含み、本実施形態の分岐管41乃至44は、図1及び図5に示すように内燃機関のクランク軸(図示せず)に対し直交する方向に平行に並設されている。尚、排出管4は容器3の他方の端部3bに接合されているが、排気流路21乃至24は排出管4には連通しておらず、筒体2内に連通するように接合されている。   The plurality of exhaust passages 21 to 24 have a plurality (four in this embodiment) of annular passages 31 to 34 formed by annularly forming the container 3 in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder 2. In addition, these annular flow paths 31 to 34 are arranged around the cylindrical body 2. In the present embodiment, a separate lid member 3 c is joined and closed at one end of the container 3, and the exhaust gas in the annular flow paths 31 to 34 is passed inside the open end of the cylindrical body 2. A guide portion 3a for guiding to 2a is configured. The lid member 3 c may be formed integrally with the container 3. The exhaust passages 21 to 24 include branch pipes (branch pipes) 41 to 44 that connect the annular passages 31 to 34 and the exhaust holes 11 to 14, and the branch pipes 41 to 44 of the present embodiment include: As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, they are arranged in parallel in a direction orthogonal to a crankshaft (not shown) of the internal combustion engine. Although the discharge pipe 4 is joined to the other end 3 b of the container 3, the exhaust passages 21 to 24 are not connected to the discharge pipe 4 and are joined so as to communicate with the inside of the cylindrical body 2. ing.

本実施形態においては、更に、排気ガスの一部を吸気側に還流させる排気ガス再循環装置(図示は省略するが、EGRと略称される)が装着されており、その一部を構成する再循環流路35が容器3の他方の端部3b(排出管4側の端部)に接合され、筒体2の開口端2bに連通接続されている。   In the present embodiment, an exhaust gas recirculation device (not shown but abbreviated as EGR) that recirculates a part of the exhaust gas to the intake side is further mounted. The circulation channel 35 is joined to the other end 3 b (end on the discharge pipe 4 side) of the container 3 and connected to the open end 2 b of the cylindrical body 2.

而して、排気孔11乃至14から排出された排気ガスは、図5及び図6に破線矢印EF1で示すように、分岐管41乃至44を介して夫々、容器3の環状流路31乃至34に導入され、図6に破線矢印EF2で示すように、容器3の蓋部材3c(案内部3a)方向に供給される。この排気ガスは、図5に破線矢印EF3で示すように、案内部3aにて反転され、図7に示す筒体2の開口端2a方向に案内され、図7に破線矢印EF4で示すように、筒体2内の触媒担体1を通過し、ここで浄化された排気ガスが、破線矢印EF5で示すように、排出管4から下流側の装置(マフラー等)に排出される。このとき、浄化された排気ガスの一部が再循環用排気ガスとして、図7に破線矢印EF6で示すように、再循環流路35を介して排気ガス再循環装置(図示せず)に供給される。尚、通常、排気ガス再循環装置に還流される再循環用排気ガスの流量を調整するためEGRバルブが装着されるが、ここでは図示を省略する。   Thus, the exhaust gases discharged from the exhaust holes 11 to 14 are respectively connected to the annular flow paths 31 to 34 of the container 3 via the branch pipes 41 to 44, as indicated by broken line arrows EF1 in FIGS. And is supplied in the direction of the lid member 3c (guide portion 3a) of the container 3 as indicated by a broken line arrow EF2 in FIG. The exhaust gas is reversed by the guide portion 3a as shown by a broken line arrow EF3 in FIG. 5 and guided toward the opening end 2a of the cylindrical body 2 shown in FIG. 7, and as shown by a broken line arrow EF4 in FIG. Then, the exhaust gas that has passed through the catalyst carrier 1 in the cylinder 2 and purified here is discharged from the discharge pipe 4 to a downstream device (muffler or the like) as indicated by a broken line arrow EF5. At this time, a part of the purified exhaust gas is supplied as a recirculation exhaust gas to an exhaust gas recirculation device (not shown) via a recirculation flow path 35 as indicated by a broken line arrow EF6 in FIG. Is done. Normally, an EGR valve is mounted to adjust the flow rate of the recirculation exhaust gas recirculated to the exhaust gas recirculation device, but the illustration is omitted here.

図1乃至図7から明らかなように、排気流路21乃至24を構成する環状流路31乃至34は筒体2を巻回するように形成されているので、巻回量や配置を自由に設定することができ、環状流路31乃至34の長さを適宜調整することもできる。従って、排気流路21乃至24の各々に必要な長さ(ブランチ長)を容易に確保することができる。また、排気浄化装置(触媒コンバータ)の大型化や、上流側への配置が可能となり、浄化性能や昇温速度が向上する。しかも、巻回されるブランチ(環状流路31乃至34)によって筒体2の保温が可能となるので、運転状態に影響されることなく浄化性能を維持(触媒を活性状態に維持)することができる。結果、前述の背反する二要件を両立させ、必要なエンジン性能及び排気浄化性能を満足させることができる。また、本実施形態の排気集合装置はコンパクトに搭載できることから、排出管4と後流排気管との締結において、ボールジョイント等の変位対応継手を用いる場合には、変位対応継手がエンジンのロール中心軸に近づくため、変位量を小さくでき、振動を抑制することができる。   As is apparent from FIGS. 1 to 7, the annular flow paths 31 to 34 constituting the exhaust flow paths 21 to 24 are formed so as to wind the cylindrical body 2, so that the winding amount and arrangement can be freely set. The lengths of the annular flow paths 31 to 34 can be adjusted as appropriate. Therefore, the length (branch length) required for each of the exhaust passages 21 to 24 can be easily secured. In addition, the exhaust purification device (catalytic converter) can be increased in size and disposed upstream, and the purification performance and the temperature rise rate are improved. Moreover, since the tubular body 2 can be kept warm by the wound branches (annular flow paths 31 to 34), it is possible to maintain the purification performance (maintain the catalyst in an active state) without being affected by the operation state. it can. As a result, the above two contradictory requirements can be satisfied, and the required engine performance and exhaust purification performance can be satisfied. In addition, since the exhaust collecting device of this embodiment can be mounted in a compact manner, when a displacement-compatible joint such as a ball joint is used for fastening the exhaust pipe 4 and the downstream exhaust pipe, the displacement-compatible joint is the center of the engine roll. Since it approaches the axis, the amount of displacement can be reduced and vibration can be suppressed.

更に、本実施形態の排気集合装置は、前述のように筒体2(及び容器3)の軸が内燃機関のクランク軸に平行に延在するように構成されており、比較的にスペースに余裕がある車両の前後方向に配置されるので、それ以外の方向、即ち車両の上下左右方向のスペース占有を最小限に抑えることができ、車両への搭載性も良好となる。また、内燃機関(図示せず)への装着に当っては、排出管4の形状変更のみで、車両の前後又は左右方向の何れも可能となるので、汎用性、共有性が高くなり、コスト低減に寄与する。もちろん、直列4気筒に限らず、2気筒以上の直列、V型、水平対向型等、何れの内燃機関(エンジン)にも適用可能である。また、車両駆動用の搭載に限らず、発電用エンジン(特にEV車両のレンジエクステンダー)への適用も可能である。更に、農機具や船舶、定置発電装置等、車両以外のエンジンにも適用可能である。   Further, as described above, the exhaust gas collecting apparatus of the present embodiment is configured such that the shaft of the cylinder 2 (and the container 3) extends in parallel to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, so that there is a relatively large space. Since the vehicle is disposed in the front-rear direction of a certain vehicle, the space occupation in the other direction, that is, the vertical, left-right direction of the vehicle can be minimized, and the mounting property to the vehicle is also improved. In addition, when mounting on an internal combustion engine (not shown), only the shape of the exhaust pipe 4 can be changed to enable either front-rear or left-right direction of the vehicle. Contributes to reduction. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the in-line four cylinders, and can be applied to any internal combustion engine (engine) such as in-line, V-type, and horizontally opposed type with two or more cylinders. Further, the present invention is not limited to mounting for vehicle driving, and can be applied to a power generation engine (particularly, a range extender for EV vehicles). Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to engines other than vehicles such as farm equipment, ships, and stationary power generation devices.

更に、排気流路21乃至24を介して導入された排気ガスが集合した後、案内部3aで反転して筒体2内に流入し、触媒担体1に到達する迄に撹拌、整流され、触媒担体1の全面に亘って均一に供給されるので、所謂「一様度」が高く、所期の浄化性能を確実に維持することができる。   Further, after the exhaust gas introduced through the exhaust passages 21 to 24 is gathered, the exhaust gas is reversed by the guide portion 3a, flows into the cylindrical body 2, and is stirred and rectified until reaching the catalyst carrier 1, thereby Since it is uniformly supplied over the entire surface of the carrier 1, the so-called “uniformity” is high, and the desired purification performance can be reliably maintained.

図8乃至図10は、第1気筒のブランチ(分岐管41)と第4気筒のブランチ(分岐管44)を集合させると共に、第2気筒のブランチ(分岐管42)と第3気筒のブランチ(分岐管43)を集合(4→2)させ、更にそれらを一つの排気管4に集合(2→1)させる所謂「4−2−1集合」の実施形態を示すものである。本実施形態における複数の排気流路21乃至24は、筒体2の軸に対し直交する方向に容器3xが環状に膨出形成されて成る複数(本実施形態では二つ)の環状流路31x及び32xを有し、これらが筒体2xを囲繞するように設けられ、流路33xに合流するように構成されている。従って、「4−2集合」の長さは、分岐管41乃至44の長さと環状流路31x及び32xの長さの和によって設定され、「2−1集合」の長さは流路33xの長さによって設定される。尚、本実施形態を構成する部材のうち、図1乃至図7に示す部材と実質的に同じ部材には同じ符合を付して説明を省略するが、図8乃至図10に示す容器3xは前述の図1等に示す容器3より小型に形成されている。   8 to 10, the first cylinder branch (branch pipe 41) and the fourth cylinder branch (branch pipe 44) are assembled together, and the second cylinder branch (branch pipe 42) and third cylinder branch ( An embodiment of a so-called “4-2-1 set” in which the branch pipes 43) are gathered (4 → 2) and further gathered into one exhaust pipe 4 (2 → 1) is shown. The plurality of exhaust passages 21 to 24 in the present embodiment are a plurality (two in this embodiment) of annular passages 31x formed by annularly forming the container 3x in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder 2. And 32x, these are provided so as to surround the cylindrical body 2x, and are configured to join the flow path 33x. Accordingly, the length of the “4-2 set” is set by the sum of the lengths of the branch pipes 41 to 44 and the lengths of the annular flow paths 31x and 32x, and the length of the “2-1 set” is the length of the flow path 33x. Set by length. Of the members constituting this embodiment, substantially the same members as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, but the container 3x shown in FIGS. It is formed smaller than the container 3 shown in FIG.

而して、本実施形態においても、図1等に示す「4−1集合」の実施形態と同様の効果を奏するが、図1等に示す実施形態に比し、「2−1集合」の部分が存在するので、中低回転領域のチューニング自由度が高くなる。尚、第1気筒のブランチ(分岐管41)と第2気筒のブランチ(分岐管42)を集合させると共に、第3気筒のブランチ(分岐管43)と第4気筒のブランチ(分岐管44)を集合(4→2)させ、更にそれらを一つの排気管4に集合(2→1)させる構成としてもよく、あるいは、第1気筒のブランチ(分岐管41)と第3気筒のブランチ(分岐管43)を集合させると共に、第2気筒のブランチ(分岐管42)と第4気筒のブランチ(分岐管44)を集合(4→2)させ、更にそれらを一つの排気管4に集合(2→1)させる構成としてもよい。   Thus, in the present embodiment, the same effect as the embodiment of “4-1 set” shown in FIG. 1 and the like is obtained, but the “2-1 set” of the embodiment shown in FIG. Since there is a portion, the degree of freedom in tuning in the middle and low rotation region is increased. The first cylinder branch (branch pipe 41) and the second cylinder branch (branch pipe 42) are assembled together, and the third cylinder branch (branch pipe 43) and the fourth cylinder branch (branch pipe 44) are combined. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which they are assembled (4 → 2) and further assembled into one exhaust pipe 4 (2 → 1), or the branch of the first cylinder (branch pipe 41) and the branch of the third cylinder (branch pipe) 43), the branch of the second cylinder (branch pipe 42) and the branch of the fourth cylinder (branch pipe 44) are gathered (4 → 2), and they are further gathered into one exhaust pipe 4 (2 → 2). 1) It is good also as a structure made to do.

図11は、図1等と同様の筒体2内に二個の触媒担体1f及び1rが軸方向に直列に収容されたタンデム触媒の態様を示し、上流側の触媒担体1fが所謂「スタート触媒」に供される。尚、図11乃至13において、図1乃至図7に示す部材と実質的に同じ部材には同じ符合を付して説明を省略する。   FIG. 11 shows a mode of a tandem catalyst in which two catalyst carriers 1f and 1r are accommodated in series in the axial direction in a cylindrical body 2 similar to FIG. 1 and the like, and the upstream catalyst carrier 1f is a so-called “start catalyst”. ”. 11 to 13, members substantially the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 are given the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

図12に示す実施形態は、筒体2が、触媒担体1(又は1r)の下流側で、排気音を低減する消音装置(図示せず)、排気ガスの熱を回収し車室内の暖房に供する排気熱回収装置(図示せず)、及び、排気ガスの熱エネルギを直接電気エネルギに変換する熱電型発電装置(図示せず)の少なくとも一つの装置に連通接続されるように構成されたものである。即ち、本実施形態の筒体2は、前述の触媒担体1と排出管4との間に筒状部2cを有しており、この筒状部2c内に、上記の排気熱回収装置や熱電型発電装置が構成される。あるいは、拡張室や共鳴室を組み合わせて上記の消音装置を筒状部2c内に構成することもでき、触媒担体1と排出管4との間には各種機能の装置を介装することができる。   In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the cylinder 2 is a silencer (not shown) for reducing exhaust noise on the downstream side of the catalyst carrier 1 (or 1r), and recovers the heat of the exhaust gas to heat the interior of the vehicle. An exhaust heat recovery device (not shown) to be provided and a thermoelectric power generator (not shown) that directly converts the heat energy of the exhaust gas into electric energy are connected in communication with each other It is. That is, the cylindrical body 2 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical portion 2c between the catalyst carrier 1 and the discharge pipe 4 described above, and the exhaust heat recovery device and the thermoelectric device are included in the cylindrical portion 2c. Type power generator is configured. Alternatively, the above silencer can be configured in the cylindrical portion 2c by combining an expansion chamber and a resonance chamber, and various functional devices can be interposed between the catalyst carrier 1 and the discharge pipe 4. .

図13は、図1等と同様の筒体2に対し、低周波共鳴室を付設すべく、別体の消音器5を連通接続した実施形態を示すものである。この消音器5は特定周波数の排気音の減衰を企図するもので、消音器5内に形成される空間(共鳴室)の容積と首管(本実施形態では連通管5a)の径及び長さ(並びに音速)をパラメータとするヘルムホルツの共鳴室が構成されるので、減衰対象の周波数を特定することができる。尚、共鳴室を別体とせず、複数の連通管(図示せず)によって筒体2と消音器5の筐体5bとを連結して排気ガスの流通を許容する構成とし、通常の消音器を構成することとしてもよい。   FIG. 13 shows an embodiment in which a separate silencer 5 is connected to a cylindrical body 2 similar to that shown in FIG. 1 or the like so as to provide a low frequency resonance chamber. This silencer 5 is intended to attenuate exhaust sound of a specific frequency. The volume of the space (resonance chamber) formed in the silencer 5 and the diameter and length of the neck tube (the communication tube 5a in this embodiment). Since the Helmholtz resonance chamber is configured with (and sound velocity) as a parameter, the frequency to be attenuated can be specified. It should be noted that the resonance chamber is not a separate body, and the tubular body 2 and the casing 5b of the silencer 5 are connected by a plurality of communication pipes (not shown) to allow the exhaust gas to flow. It is good also as comprising.

1 触媒担体
2,2x 筒体
2a,2b 開口端
2c 筒状部
3,3x 容器
3a 案内部
3b 端部
3c 蓋部材
4 排出管
5 消音器
10 ヘッドフランジ
11,12,13,14 排気孔(排気ポート)
21,22,23,24 排気流路
31,32,33,34 環状流路
31x,32x 環状流路
41,42,43,44 分岐管
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Catalyst carrier 2, 2x Cylindrical body 2a, 2b Open end 2c Cylindrical part 3, 3x Container 3a Guide part 3b End part 3c Lid member 4 Exhaust pipe 5 Silencer 10 Head flange 11, 12, 13, 14 Exhaust hole (exhaust port)
21, 22, 23, 24 Exhaust flow path 31, 32, 33, 34 Annular flow path 31x, 32x Annular flow path 41, 42, 43, 44 Branch pipe

Claims (7)

内燃機関の複数の排気ポートに連通接続され排気ガス浄化装置を内蔵する内燃機関の排気集合装置において、前記排気ガス浄化装置を収容する筒体と、該筒体を囲繞するように形成される容器であって、前記筒体の外面との間に前記複数の排気ポートに連通接続される複数の排気流路が形成されると共に、該複数の排気流路が前記筒体の一方の開口端に連通するように形成された容器と、前記筒体の他方の開口端に連通接続される排出管とを備えたことを特徴とする内燃機関の排気集合装置。   In an exhaust gas collecting apparatus of an internal combustion engine that is connected to a plurality of exhaust ports of an internal combustion engine and incorporates an exhaust gas purification apparatus, a cylinder body that houses the exhaust gas purification apparatus, and a container that is formed so as to surround the cylinder body A plurality of exhaust passages communicating with the plurality of exhaust ports are formed between the outer surface of the cylinder and the plurality of exhaust passages at one open end of the cylinder. An exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a container formed to communicate; and a discharge pipe connected to the other opening end of the cylindrical body. 前記複数の排気流路は、前記筒体の軸に対し直交する方向に前記容器が環状に膨出形成されて成る複数の環状流路を有し、該複数の環状流路が前記筒体に並設されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の内燃機関の排気集合装置。   The plurality of exhaust passages have a plurality of annular passages formed by annularly forming the container in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder, and the plurality of annular passages are formed in the cylinder. The exhaust gas collecting device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas collecting device is arranged in parallel. 前記容器は、前記複数の環状流路内の排気ガスを前記筒体の一方の開口端に案内する案内部を有することを特徴とする請求項2記載の内燃機関の排気集合装置。   The exhaust collection device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the container has a guide portion for guiding the exhaust gas in the plurality of annular flow paths to one open end of the cylindrical body. 前記容器は、前記内燃機関のクランク軸に対し前記筒体の軸が平行となるように配置されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気集合装置。   The exhaust collection device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the container is arranged so that an axis of the cylindrical body is parallel to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. . 前記複数の排気流路は、前記複数の環状流路と前記複数の排気ポートとを連通接続する複数の分岐管を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気集合装置。   5. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of exhaust flow paths include a plurality of branch pipes that connect the plurality of annular flow paths and the plurality of exhaust ports. Engine exhaust collecting device. 前記複数の分岐管は、前記内燃機関のクランク軸に対し直交する方向に並設されていることを特徴とする請求項5記載の内燃機関の排気集合装置。   6. The exhaust gas collecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of branch pipes are juxtaposed in a direction perpendicular to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. 前記筒体は、前記排気ガス浄化装置の下流側で、排気音を低減する消音装置、排気ガスの熱を回収し車室内の暖房に供する排気熱回収装置、及び、排気ガスの熱エネルギを直接電気エネルギに変換する熱電型発電装置の少なくとも一つの装置に連通接続されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れか一項に記載の内燃機関の排気集合装置。   The cylindrical body is provided on the downstream side of the exhaust gas purifying device, with a silencer for reducing exhaust noise, an exhaust heat recovery device for recovering heat of exhaust gas and heating the vehicle interior, and direct heat energy of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas collecting device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the exhaust gas collecting device is connected in communication with at least one device of a thermoelectric power generating device that converts electric energy.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5294512U (en) * 1976-12-02 1977-07-15
JP2000073748A (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-07 Calsonic Corp Manifold converter
JP2000130276A (en) * 1998-08-21 2000-05-09 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust gas introducing device of internal combustion engine
JP2011190704A (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-29 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Outboard motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5294512U (en) * 1976-12-02 1977-07-15
JP2000130276A (en) * 1998-08-21 2000-05-09 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust gas introducing device of internal combustion engine
JP2000073748A (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-07 Calsonic Corp Manifold converter
JP2011190704A (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-29 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Outboard motor

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