JP2016132876A - Silt fence having effect of purifying water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a silt fence with a simple structure, having an effect of purifying water.SOLUTION: A silt fence having an effect of purifying water includes a float part 1 floating on water, a fence part 2 connected to the lower part of the float part 1, a weight part 3 fixed to the bottom edge of the fence part 2, and purification means 4 having an effect of purifying water. The purification means 4 includes a purification member 13 formed of carbon fiber having an effect of adsorbing the dirt. The purification member 13 installed on the fence part 2 or the float part 1 can be replaced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention is installed around the surrounding water area of the construction area during civil engineering work on the seashore, rivers, lakes, ponds, dams, etc., and the pollution generated by the work diffuses to the outside water area. In particular, the present invention relates to a silt fence that has an action of purifying pollution generated in a construction area.

  Water quality in the construction area deteriorates when civil engineering works are carried out in the sea, rivers, lakes, etc., where revetments are constructed or the bottom of the water is dredged. In particular, when excavating the bottom and shore with a heavy machine such as a hydraulic excavator, the sediment such as mud, soil, and sludge on the bottom is stirred up and stirred, resulting in contamination of the surrounding water area and contamination of the water quality. . If the generated pollution spreads not only to the surrounding water area of the construction area but also to a wider outside water area, there is a concern that the environment will deteriorate due to the pollution.

  In order to prevent the diffusion of pollution from the construction area, a silt fence is usually installed around the construction area. The silt fence is provided with a float part floating on the water surface, a sheet-like fence part connected to the lower part of the float part, and a weight part provided at the lower end of the fence part. The fence is stretched in the form of a screen underwater. The silt fence of the above structure is installed with the fence part suspended from the water surface toward the bottom of the water with the float part floating on the water surface, and the contamination of the construction area is blocked by the fence part. Prevents diffusion into water.

  The above-mentioned silt fence functions to prevent the pollution generated in the construction area from diffusing into the external water area during civil engineering work. However, the conventional silt fence has a problem that the silt fence cannot be removed immediately after the construction is completed. This is because even after the completion of the work, the pollution remains in the water area around the work area. For this reason, even after the construction is completed, the silt fence cannot be removed until the pollution of the water area is improved, and it is necessary to keep the silt fence in a state where it is installed for a long period of time. Since conventional silt fences only have the effect of preventing the diffusion of pollution, mud, dirt, dirt particles, etc. that cause pollution settle down and accumulate on the bottom of the water until the pollution of the water area is resolved. I need to wait. Unfortunately, the mud and dirt particles that cause pollution are very fine particles, and it takes a very long time to completely deposit. For this reason, the silt fence cannot be removed and the silt fence cannot be used at other sites, even though the construction has been completed until the polluted water area becomes clean. It gets very bad. Even if the time has passed and the pollution has been eliminated, the substance causing the pollution has only accumulated on the bottom of the water, and has not led to a substantial improvement in water quality.

  Thus, it is possible to install a member having a purification action in the water area where the pollution has occurred (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, since the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 takes up space, there is a drawback that workability is deteriorated.

JP 2009-195850 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a silt fence having a simple structure and a water purification effect.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the silt fence having a water purification effect of the present invention, the float part 1 that floats on the water, the fence part 2 connected to the lower part of the float part 1, and the fence part A silt fence having a weight portion 3 fixed to the lower end of 2 and further comprising a purifying means 4 having a water quality purifying action. The purifying means 4 is made of carbon fiber having a dirt adsorbing action. The purification member 13 is provided, and the purification member 13 is disposed so as to be replaceable with respect to the fence part 2 or the float part 1.

  By the above configuration, the silt fence itself has a function of adsorbing dirt and purifying water, so that only the silt fence is arranged, and there is no need to prepare a purifying means separately, in the area surrounded by the silt fence. It is possible to achieve the function of purifying the water quality, and it is possible to realize an easy-to-use silt fence that facilitates installation with a compact configuration and avoids deterioration in workability. In particular, this silt fence is provided with a purification member made of carbon fiber having an action of adsorbing dirt as a purification means so as to be exchangeable with respect to the fence part or the float part. By replacing with a new one, it is possible to prevent the purification effect from decreasing over time and improve the purification effect promptly. Therefore, it is possible to purify the water quality in the area where the contamination is caused by construction work more effectively and in a short time.

In the silt fence having the water purification effect of the present invention, the purification member 13 can be one or more of one or more string-like bodies, sheet pieces, and cylinders made of carbon fiber.
The structure in which the purification member is made of one or more cords or sheet pieces made of carbon fiber is immersed in water while the purification member is placed in water, making the entire volume compact and easy to store and transport. In this state, the string-like body and the sheet piece are expanded to increase the entire surface area, and the filth can be adsorbed more efficiently. Moreover, the structure which makes a purification | cleaning member one or more cylinders which consist of carbon fibers has the whole surface area enlarged in the state immersed in water, and in addition to being able to adsorb filth more efficiently, in the inside of a cylinder By allowing water to pass through, microorganisms can effectively inhabit the carbon fibers forming the cylinder, and purification by the biodegradation action of the microorganisms can be promoted.

In the silt fence having the water purification effect of the present invention, the purification member 13 can be fixed to the ring-shaped fixture 14 and the fixture 14 can be detachably connected to the upper portion of the fence portion 2 or the lower portion of the float portion 1. it can.
With the above configuration, by fixing the plurality of purification members to the ring-shaped fixture, the purification member can be handled easily and can be easily detached through the ring-shaped fixture. Moreover, the structure which connects a fixing tool to the upper part of a fence part can be easily exchanged by raising the upper part of the fence part to the water surface. Moreover, the structure which connects a fixing tool to the lower part of a float part can be easily replaced | exchanged in the water surface vicinity.

  In the silt fence having the water purification effect of the present invention, the purification means 4 includes a plurality of purification members 13, a string-shaped transfer wire 17 in which the plurality of purification members 13 are detachably fixed at predetermined intervals, and a fence portion. 2 and a pulley 18 on which a transfer wire 17 is hung, and the transfer wire 17 is hung on the pulley 18 with an intermediate portion as a folded portion, and a pair of extension portions 17A and 17B extending from the folded portion. The plurality of purification members 13 can be detachably fixed to one extension portion 17A.

  According to the above configuration, there is a feature that a plurality of purification members arranged in water can be easily replaced. The above-mentioned silt fence purification means hangs on a pulley arranged at the lower part of the fence part with the intermediate part of the transfer wire as the folded part, and a plurality of purifications on one of the pair of extended parts extending from the folded part to the water surface. This is because the members are detachably fixed at predetermined intervals. This purification means can be easily removed by removing the purification member fixed to the extension part from the water by pulling up the extension part to which the purification member is fixed to the water surface. Further, after the purification member is replaced with a new one, the extension portion on the side where the purification member is not fixed is pulled up, so that the extension portion on the side where the purification member is fixed can be submerged in water and placed at a fixed position in water.

  Furthermore, this silt fence can also arrange | position the exchangeable purification | cleaning member in the deep place in water. This is because a plurality of purification members transferred by the transfer member can be moved to a deep part in water by providing the pulley at the lower end of the fence portion. Therefore, this silt fence can arrange | position the some purification | cleaning member in the state which can be replaced | exchanged over the wide range of underwater from the water surface vicinity of the polluted water area to the water bottom vicinity, and can purify a wider area ideally.

  In the silt fence having the water purification effect of the present invention, the purification means 4 includes a plurality of purification members 13, a string-shaped transfer wire 17 in which the plurality of purification members 13 are detachably fixed at predetermined intervals, and a fence portion. 2 and a pulley 18 on which a transfer wire 17 is hung, and the transfer wire 17 is hung on the pulley 18 with an intermediate portion as a folded portion, and a pair of extension portions 17A extending from the folded portion, 17B can be extended along the water surface, and a plurality of purification members 13 can be detachably fixed to one extension portion 17A.

  With the above configuration, there is a feature that these purification members can be easily replaced while arranging a plurality of purification members near the water surface at predetermined intervals. The above-mentioned silt fence purifying means hangs on a pulley arranged at the upper end of the fence part with the intermediate part of the transfer wire as the folded part, and is attached to one of the pair of extended parts extending along the water surface from the folded part. This is because the plurality of purification members are detachably fixed at predetermined intervals. The purifying means can be easily removed and replaced by moving the purifying member fixed to the extension by pulling the extending portion to which the purifying member is fixed along the water surface. In addition, after replacing the purification member with a new one, pulling the extension on the side where the purification member is not fixed moves the extension on the side where the purification member is fixed along the water surface to a fixed position near the water surface. Can be placed. Therefore, when replacing a plurality of purification members disposed near the water surface, the purification device operates the purification device without the user moving on the water surface, that is, with the boat stopped at one place. Thus, the plurality of purification members can be easily and efficiently replaced.

  The silt fence having the water purification action of the present invention can include the sub purification means 5 having the water quality purification action in addition to the purification means 4. The sub purification means 5 can be a planar sub purification member 24 made of carbon fiber having a dirt adsorbing action, and the sub purification member 24 can be fixed to the fence part 2 or the float part 1.

  According to the above configuration, in addition to the purifying means including the exchangeable purifying member, the sub purifying means is provided, and the sub purifying means is fixed to the fence portion or the float portion as a planar sub purifying member made of carbon fiber. Thus, the purification effect of the silt fence can be improved. In particular, by making the sub-purifying means planar, it is possible to purify more effectively over a wide area in water while suppressing the overall volume to be small.

It is a top view which shows the use condition of the silt fence which has a water quality purification effect | action concerning one Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the silt fence which has the water quality purification | cleaning effect | action concerning one Example of this invention. It is a front view of the silt fence shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which replace | exchanges the purification unit of the silt fence shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows an example of the purification | cleaning unit. It is a front view of the silt fence concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a front view of the silt fence concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a front view of the silt fence concerning the other Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the silt fence shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the connection structure of the purification means of the silt fence shown in FIG. It is a front view of the silt fence concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a front view of the silt fence concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a front view of the silt fence concerning the other Example of this invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments and examples according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments and examples shown below exemplify a silt fence having a water purification action for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention specifies the silt fence as follows. do not do. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, in the following description, the same name and symbol indicate the same or the same members, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are configured by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member. It can also be realized by sharing. In addition, the contents described in some examples and embodiments may be used in other examples and embodiments.

  The silt fence of the present invention is installed around the surrounding water area of the construction area in the civil engineering work of the coast, water bottom, etc. of the sea, rivers, lakes, ponds, dams, etc. Prevents diffusion. Furthermore, the silt fence of the present invention has a purifying action for purifying the water quality of the water area where the pollution occurs, in addition to preventing the pollution from diffusing to the outside. In addition, in this specification, the civil engineering work performed on the seashore, rivers, lakes, ponds, dams, and other coasts and bottoms includes various works such as revetment work, dredging work, landfill work, port work, and repair work. Use in a broad sense.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the silt fence according to the present invention is provided along the periphery of the construction area 51 in order to prevent the contamination of the water area 52 around the construction area 51 from being diffused to the outside due to civil engineering work performed on the coast. Installed. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a silt fence 101 is installed in a state of surrounding a surrounding water area 52 of the construction area 51 and a surrounding water area 52 of the construction area 51 and an outside sea area are blocked when civil engineering work is performed on the coast. Is shown. Here, the surrounding water area 52 of the construction area 51 and surrounded by the silt fence 101 is a pollution area where the pollution generated by the construction is diffused. The silt fence 101 prevents the contamination in the contaminated area from diffusing to the outside.

  A silt fence 101 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a float portion 1 having a buoyancy that floats on water, a fence portion 2 connected to a lower portion of the float portion 1 and arranged from the water surface toward the bottom of the water, and a fence portion 2. And a purification means 4 having a purification action for purifying the water quality in the polluted area.

  The silt fence 101 shown in FIG. 1 has a total length that can completely cover the surrounding water area 52 of the construction area 51. That is, the total length of the float portion 1, the fence portion 2, and the weight portion 3 is set to a total length that can cover the surrounding water area 52 of the construction area 51, and the pollution generated from the construction area 51 is contained in the surrounding water area 52, To prevent it from spreading. As shown in FIG. 1, the silt fence 101 is disposed at a position away from the construction area 51 by a predetermined distance. In order to fix the silt fence 101 at a fixed position in the surrounding water area 52, the silt fence 101 shown in FIG. 1 has subfloats 31 and anchors 32 connected to a plurality of locations in the middle of the float part 1 having a predetermined overall length. Are fixed. The silt fence 101 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 connects the subfloat 31 to both sides of the float portion 1 via a connecting wire 33 such as an upper wire, and to these subfloats 31 via an anchor wire 8. The anchor 32 is fixed. The anchor 32 is disposed in a state where it is installed on the bottom of the water, and the silt fence 101 is held at a fixed position by its own weight, and the silt fence 101 is prevented from moving due to tidal currents, undulations, tidal and the like.

(Float part 1)
As shown in FIG. 3, the float unit 1 includes a floating member 11 having a buoyancy that floats on water. As the floating member 11, a member having a large buoyancy such as a cylindrical foamed polystyrene or a hollow plastic container can be used. The float unit 1 covers a floating member 11 made of foamed polystyrene or a plastic container with a cover unit 12 and holds it in place. The cover portion 12 is formed, for example, by forming a flexible sheet material into a cylindrical shape. The cover portion 12 houses the floating member 11 therein and connects a plurality of floating members 11 in a rosary shape in the length direction. The float unit 1 is used.

  The float part 1 can arrange | position the several floating member 11 accommodated in the cylindrical cover part 12 without gap. The float unit 1 can reliably prevent the diffusion of pollution from the water surface. However, the float part 1 can also arrange | position the some floating member 11 accommodated in the cylindrical cover part 12 with some clearance gaps provided. This float part 1 can be easily bent in the gap between the adjacent floating members 11, and the degree of freedom of the float part 1 installed on the water surface can be improved. The float part 1 shown in FIG. 3 chamfers the corner part of the both end surfaces of the floating member 11 in the shape of a curved surface, and makes it easy to bend the float part 1 in the boundary of the adjacent floating member 11.

(Fence part 2)
The fence part 2 is a sheet material arranged in a screen shape in water, and is arranged from the water surface to the bottom of the water to prevent the contamination of the surrounding water area 52 from diffusing to the outside. The fence part 2 is preferably made of a sheet material that allows liquid components to pass therethrough but does not allow solid components to pass therethrough. As such a sheet material, for example, a woven sheet, a knitted sheet, or a plastic sheet in which plastic fibers such as polyester are formed to have a predetermined size can be used. However, a non-water-permeable sheet that does not allow liquid components to permeate can be used for the fence portion 2.

  The fence part 2 preferably has a vertical width (H) extended from the water surface to the bottom of the water in order to prevent the contamination of the surrounding water area 52 from diffusing to the outside. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the fence part 2 has flexibility so that it can bend in the front-back direction in a state where it is arranged in the vertical direction in water. As shown in FIG. 4, the flexible fence portion 2 may move up and down due to tides and swells when used in the sea. It is preferable that the weight portion 3 has a sufficient vertical width (H) so that the weight portion 3 does not leave the seabed. For example, in a sea area where the water depth (D2) at low tide is 5 m, the vertical width (H) is 1 m or more, preferably 3 m or more larger than this water depth (D2). Thereby, it can prevent that the weight part 3 provided in the lower end leaves | separates from the seabed, and pollution leaks outside from this clearance gap. As described above, the fence portion 2 can have an optimum vertical width in consideration of the water depth in the sea area where the fence portion 2 is used, the tidal range, and the like.

(Weight part 3)
The weight part 3 is a weight provided along the lower edge of the fence part 2. The weight portion 3 sinks to the bottom with its own weight, and has a specific gravity that causes the lower end of the fence portion 2 to be pulled downward to sink to the bottom. A metal chain can be used as such a weight part 3. The weight part 3 which is a metal chain can be deformed into a free shape by connecting a plurality of rings, and creates a gap with the bottom of the water in a state where it is laid along the bottom of the water. It can be ideally settled without any problems. As such a metal, a metal having a large specific gravity such as iron or lead can be used. In particular, iron chains are highly versatile, inexpensive and easy to process.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the weight portion 3, which is a chain, is fixed to the fence portion 2 at a plurality of locations connected to the lower end of the fence portion 2. The weight portion 3 described above can be disposed in a state where the lower end of the fence portion 2 is settled to the bottom of the water by sinking until it comes into contact with the bottom of the water, and the sheet-like fence portion 2 is spread in a screen shape in water.

  A silt fence 101 shown in FIG. 3 forms a fence unit including a float portion 1, a fence portion 2, and a weight portion 3. By connecting a plurality of these fence units, as shown in FIG. It is formed in the full length which can cover the 51 surrounding water area 52 whole. In the float part 1, opposing edges of a cover part 12 that houses a plurality of floating members 11 are connected to each other. The opposing edge of the fence part 2 is mutually connected. The weight part 3 can connect the edge which opposes mutually. For such connection, although not shown, a rope, a connection fitting, or the like can be used.

(Purification means 4)
The purification means 4 is arrange | positioned at the surrounding water area 52 side which is a pollution area, and purifies the water quality of a pollution water area. The purifying means 4 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 includes a purifying member 13 made of carbon fiber having an action of adsorbing filth, and the purifying member 13 is disposed so as to be replaceable with respect to the fence portion 2. As the carbon fiber, one generally used as a water purification material, for example, a PAN-based fiber is used. As this carbon fiber, a bundle of fine carbon fibers is used. However, carbon fibers that are processed from general industrial use as water purification materials can also be used.

  The purification member 13 shown in the figure is composed of a plurality of string-like bodies 13A made of carbon fibers. The carbon fiber as the string-like body 13A has a feature that the surface area can be increased and the effect of adsorbing filth can be improved by spreading each thin fiber in water. However, the purification member 13 is not specified as the carbon fiber string 13A. Although not shown, the purification member can also be constituted by a plurality of sheet pieces formed by cutting a sheet material in which carbon fibers are formed into a sheet shape into a predetermined size. The structure in which the purification member 13 is made of a plurality of string-like bodies 13A made of carbon fibers and sheet pieces can be easily stored and transported by making the entire volume compact before placing the purification member 13 in water. In the state dipped in, the string-like body 13A and the sheet piece are expanded to increase the entire surface area, and the filth can be adsorbed efficiently. Furthermore, although not shown, the purification member may be formed by forming a sheet material made of carbon fiber into a cylindrical shape. The structure in which the purification member is made of a carbon fiber cylinder has a structure in which the entire surface area is increased in a state of being immersed in water, and in addition to being able to adsorb filth more efficiently, water is allowed to pass inside the cylinder. Therefore, microorganisms can be effectively inhabited in carbon fiber, and purification by the biodegradation action of microorganisms can be promoted. Further, the purification member 13 may be a combination of a string, a sheet piece, and a cylinder.

  The purification means 4 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 is a purification unit 15 in which a purification member 13 composed of a plurality of string-like bodies 13A is fixed to a ring-shaped fixture 14. The purification unit 15 can improve the purification action by increasing the number of the string-like bodies 13A fixed to the fixture 14 by increasing the length. However, if the length of the string-like body 13A is increased and the number is increased, the cost increases. Therefore, the purification unit adjusts the length and number of the string-like bodies 13A to be fixed to the fixing tool 14 in consideration of these matters. The purification unit 15 shown in FIG. 5 has a plurality of string-like bodies 13A fixed to the fixture 14 in a tuft shape. The purification unit 15 can quickly spread a plurality of string-like bodies 13A connected in a tuft shape in the water by making the fixture 14 into a ring shape. Furthermore, the fixing tool 14 shown in FIG. 5 has a movable piece 14A that can be opened and closed at a part of the ring, and can be easily attached to and detached from the connecting portion 16 provided in the fence portion 2 with the movable piece 14A opened. I have to. The fixture 14 can easily and quickly replace the purification unit 15. As described above, the structure in which the plurality of purification members 13 are fixed to the ring-shaped fixing tool 14 and connected to the fence portion 2 through the fixing tool 14 is detachable. By fixing to the tool 14, it is possible to easily handle the plurality of purification members 13, and to easily attach and detach them via the ring-shaped fixing tool 14. However, the fixture for fixing the plurality of purification members is not necessarily limited to the above structure. As the fixture, all other members capable of fixing a plurality of purification members can be used.

  The fence part 2 is provided with a connecting part 16 for detachably connecting the fixture 14 of the purification unit 15 at the upper part thereof. The fence portion 2 shown in FIG. 3 is formed by folding back a strip-shaped sheet material in the middle, and laminating both end portions and sewing them to the fence portion 2 to provide a ring-shaped connecting portion 16. This structure can provide the connection part 16 which can connect the fixing tool 14 with a simple structure. However, the connecting portion is not specified in the above-described structure, and all other structures that can detachably connect the fixing unit of the purification unit, for example, a string or wire fixed in a loop shape, or a ring shape A fixed fixture can also be used.

As shown in FIG. 4C, the above-described silt fence 101 replaces the purification unit 15 fixed to the fence unit 2 by pulling up the upper end of the fence unit 2 to the water surface. Therefore, the purification means 4 has the purification unit 15 disposed above the fence part 2. The fence part 2 of FIG. 3 is a position where the connecting part 16 for connecting the purification unit 15 is provided, and the distance (d) from the upper end of the fence part 2 is about 1/3 of the vertical width (H) of the fence part 2. It is said. However, the position where the connection part 16 is provided can be a position where the distance (d) from the upper end of the fence part 2 is within ½ of the vertical width (H) of the fence part 2. Furthermore, the silt fence 101 shown in FIG. 4C fixes the purification unit 15 at a position where the purification unit 15 can be replaced without separating the lower end of the fence part 2 from the water bottom.
In FIG. 4, (a) shows a state where the sea level has risen at high tide and (b) and (c) show a state where the sea level has fallen at low tide.

  The fixed position of the purification unit 15 can be set to an optimum position according to the vertical width (H) of the fence part 2, the water depth (D1, D2) of the sea area to be used, the sea level difference (D1-D2) due to tides, etc. . For example, when used in a sea area where the water depth (D2) is 5 m at low tide, if the vertical width of the fence part 2 is 8 m, even if the water depth (D1) is 6 m at high tide, there is still a margin of 2 m. Therefore, even if the sea swell is 1 m or more, the weight part 3 at the lower end does not leave the seabed. In addition, at the time of low tide, there is a margin of 3 m until the weight part 3 moves away from the bottom of the water, so that the purification member 13 connected to the upper part of the fence part 2 can be lifted from the sea surface and replaced. That is, in the state where the water depth is 5 m, the purification member 13 connected to the position of the upper part 3 m of the fence part 2 can be replaced while being pulled up to the sea level. As described above, the fence portion 2 can be set to an optimum vertical width (H) in consideration of the water depth of the sea area where the fence is used, tides and the like, and the purification member 13 can be fixed at an optimum position. .

  Furthermore, the purification means 4 in FIG. 3 has a plurality of purification units 15 arranged in a predetermined arrangement above the fence portion 2. Here, the silt fence 101 can improve the water purification effect by increasing the number of purification units 15 provided in the fence part 2. However, if the number of purification units 15 provided in the fence unit 2 is too large, the cost becomes high, and it takes time to replace a large number of purification units 15, which is not always economical. Therefore, the purification means 4 balances the purification efficiency and cost per unit of the purification unit 15 by adjusting the number and arrangement of the purification units 15 disposed in the fence unit 2.

  The purifying means 4 shown in FIG. 3 has a plurality of purifying means 4 arranged at predetermined intervals (k) in the horizontal direction at the upper part of the fence portion 2. As described above, the purifying unit 4 determines the number and interval (k) of the purifying units 15 arranged in the horizontal direction with respect to the lateral width (W) of the fence portion in consideration of the purifying efficiency and cost. Further, although the purification unit 4 shown in FIG. 3 has a plurality of purification units 15 arranged in one row in the horizontal direction, the purification unit can arrange the purification units in a plurality of rows in the vertical direction. The purification units arranged in a plurality of rows above and below can be arranged in a matrix, or alternately arranged vertically and arranged in a staggered manner.

  The silt fence 101 described above replaces the purification member 13 as shown in FIG. At the time of high tide shown in FIG. 4A, the weight part 3 connected to the lower end of the fence part 2 stretched underwater is in contact with the seabed, but the water depth is deep, so the lower part of the fence part 2 The amount of deflection is reduced. For this reason, the purification unit 15 is preferably not replaced when the sea level is rising. However, if the connection position of the purification unit 15 is close to the upper end of the fence part 2 and the weight part 3 at the lower end is not separated from the seabed even if the upper part of the fence part 2 is pulled up to a position where the purification unit 15 can be replaced, The unit 15 can also be replaced. Moreover, even if the weight part 3 is in a state where the upper part of the fence part 2 is pulled up and is separated from the seabed, the purification unit 15 may be replaced if there is little diffusion of contamination from this part.

  At the time of low tide shown in (b) of FIG. 4, the water depth becomes shallow, so that the amount of deflection at the lower end of the fence portion 2 stretched underwater increases. For this reason, in the state where the sea level is descending, as shown in FIG. 4C, even if the upper part of the fence part 2 is pulled up to a position where the purification unit 15 can be replaced, the weight part 3 at the lower end is separated from the seabed. There is nothing. Thus, in the state where the weight part 3 is not separated from the seabed, the diffusion of the contamination from this part is prevented. Accordingly, the silt fence 101 preferably replaces the purification unit 15 at the timing when the sea level is descending, such as at low tide.

  The above purification means 4 fixes a plurality of purification units 15 to the upper part of the fence part 2 so as to be detachable. For example, the purification unit 4 has a purification unit 15 disposed at a shallow water depth of several tens of centimeters to several meters from the water surface, and can effectively adsorb filth floating in the shallow portion. Moreover, this purification | cleaning means 4 raises the upper part of the fence part 2 to the water surface, and the purification | cleaning unit 15 is replaced | exchanged.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the purification unit 4 can fix the purification unit 15 to the upper end of the fence part 2, or can fix the purification unit 15 to the lower part of the float part 1 although not shown. For example, the purification unit fixed to the float unit can be detachably fixed by providing a coupling part for a fixture on the cover part of the float unit. In the purification means 4 shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of purification units 15 are arranged along the upper end of the fence portion 2. The structure in which the purification unit 15 is fixed to the upper end of the fence unit 2 or the float unit 1 can more effectively adsorb filth floating near the water surface by the purification member 13 disposed near the water surface. In particular, a large amount of suspended waste generated in civil engineering works can be attached and purified efficiently. Moreover, the purification | cleaning unit 15 arrange | positioned near the water surface also has the characteristic which can be replaced | exchanged easily in the water surface vicinity, without raising the fence part 2. FIG.

  Furthermore, the purification | cleaning means 4 can also arrange | position several purification | cleaning units 15 in the fence part 2 in multiple rows, as shown in FIG. In the purification means 4 shown in the drawing, a plurality of purification units 15 are arranged in two rows at positions spaced from the upper end and the upper end of the fence portion 2. Furthermore, the purification means 4 shown in the figure is alternately arranged up and down by shifting the right and left positions of the purification unit 15 arranged at the upper end of the fence portion 2 and the purification unit 15 arranged away from the upper end. . In this structure, while the filth floating near the water surface is adsorbed by the purification member 13 disposed near the water surface, the stagnation in the shallow portion can be effectively adsorbed by the purification unit 15 disposed in the shallow water depth portion. . In this way, the purification means 4 can add the optimum purification capacity to the installation location of the silt fence by variously changing the number, vertical position, interval, etc. of the purification units 15 to be arranged.

  The above-described silt fence 101 can be reused by washing the purification member 13 of the removed purification unit 15 with water. The removed dirt and silt adhere to the surface of the carbon fiber constituting the purification member 13 of the removed purification unit 15. The purifying member 13 is free from dirt components by washing with water. The purification member 13 from which the dirt component has been removed is reused after the adsorbing power of the dirt is improved. Thus, by reusing the purification member 13, an excellent purification action can be realized while reducing running costs.

(Other examples of purification means)
Furthermore, the silt fence 101 can also have the purification means 4 having the following structure. The purifying means 4 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 is arranged at the lower part of the fence portion 2, a plurality of purifying members 13, a string-shaped transfer wire 17 in which the plural purifying members 13 are detachably fixed at predetermined intervals. And a pulley 18 on which a transfer wire 17 is hung. The transfer wire 17 is hung on the pulley 18 with an intermediate portion as a turn-up portion, a pair of extension portions 17A and 17B extending from the turn-up portion are extended to the water surface, and the plurality of purification members 13 are detachably attached to one extension portion 17A. It is fixed to.

  The purification means 4 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 uses the above-described purification unit 15 shown in FIG. 5 as the purification member 13 that is detachably fixed to the transfer wire 17. That is, the purification member 13, which is a string-like body 13 </ b> A made of carbon fiber, is fixed to the fixture 14 to form the purification unit 15. The purification means 4 shown in the figure fixes a plurality of purification units 15 to an extension 17A of one of the transfer wires 17 hung on the pulley 18 so as to be detachable. The plurality of purification units are spaced apart in the vertical direction and fixed at a predetermined interval. This purification means 4 determines the number and interval (k) of the purification units 15 arranged in the vertical direction with respect to the vertical width (H) of the fence portion 2 in consideration of purification efficiency and cost.

  The purification means 4 uses a transfer wire 17 to which a plurality of purification units 15 are fixed as a rope. The transfer wire 17 which is a rope is disposed in water in a state where the intermediate portion is hung on the pulley 18. The transfer wire 17 in FIG. 8 extends to the water surface while connecting a plurality of purification units 15 at a predetermined interval (k) to one extension part 17A (left side in the figure), and the other extension part 17B (right side in the figure). ) Extends to the surface as it is. For example, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 10, the transfer wire 17 that is a rope is inserted through and fixed to the connecting ring 19, and the fixing tool 14 of the purification unit 15 can be detachably connected to the connecting ring 19. I have to. In the purification means 4 shown in the figure, the connection ring 19 is a metal ring, but the connection ring 19 may be formed by forming a string body fixed to a rope into a ring shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pulley 18 is fixed to the lower end portion of the fence portion 2 so as to be rotatable in a vertical plane. The pulley 18 is provided with an insertion groove 18A that guides the transfer wire 17 on the outer peripheral surface, and the fence 18 can be rotated via the rotary shaft 20 so that the transfer wire 17 guided in the insertion groove 18A can be rotated. It is fixed to the part 2. Furthermore, a pulley cover 21 having a semicircular shape in front view is provided in the lower half of the pulley 18 so that the transfer wire 17 hung on the pulley 18 does not come off from the fitting groove 18A. The pulley cover 21 allows the pulley 18 to smoothly rotate and the transfer wire 17 to be detached from the pulley 18 in a state where one extension portion 17A (17B) of the transfer wire 17 hung on the pulley 18 is pulled upward. To prevent. The pulley 18 and the pulley cover 21 are made of, for example, a metal such as stainless steel, and have a specific gravity that sinks in water by its own weight. In this way, the transfer wire 17 hung on the pulley 18 is arranged in a state of being stretched from the water surface toward the bottom of the water by the pulley 18 and the pulley cover 21 that sink in water. However, the pulley and pulley cover can be made of plastic. The structure in which the pulley and the pulley cover are made of plastic can be submerged in water by providing a weight at the lower end.

  As shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG. 9, the pulley 18 is arranged so that the rotary shaft 20 is in a horizontal posture when suspended in the water. In order to realize this, the rotating shaft 20 of the pulley 18 is suspended via a suspension band 22 as shown in the partially enlarged views of FIGS. That is, the rotating shaft 20 of the pulley 18 is fixed to the fence unit 2 via the hanging band 22 without being directly fixed to the fence unit 2. In this structure, the rotating shaft 20 of the pulley 18 that falls under its own weight in water is supported by the suspension bands 22 on both sides of the pulley 18, so that the rotating shaft 20 can be reliably held in a horizontal posture.

  As the position of the pulley 18 is closer to the bottom of the water, the purification member can be transferred to a deeper position in the water. However, if the pulley 18 comes into contact with the bottom of the water as shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the pulley 18 is disposed at a lower part of the fence part 2, preferably a certain amount above the lower end of the fence part 2. As shown in FIG. 9A, the fixed position of the pulley 18 can be a position that does not contact the seabed at least at the rising position of the sea level at the time of high tide or the like. The fence part 2 of FIG. 8 is a position where the pulley 18 is disposed, and the distance (t) from the lower end of the fence part 2 is about 1/6 of the vertical width (H) of the fence part 2. However, the position where the pulley 18 is provided can be a position where the distance (t) from the lower end of the fence part 2 is within ½, preferably within ¼ of the vertical width (H) of the fence part 2. .

  Further, in order to fix both ends of the transfer wire 17 extended to the water surface, a ring 23 is disposed near the water surface. Extension portions 17A and 17B extended from the pulley 18 to the water surface are inserted into the ring 23 near the water surface. The ring 23 shown in the figure is substantially circular and has an inner shape that can pass through the purification unit 15 when the purification unit 15 is replaced. One end of the ring 23 is connected to the upper end of the fence portion 2 or the float portion 1, and the positions of both end portions of the transfer wire 17 are moved by inserting and connecting the upper end of the transfer wire 17 to the ring 23. It can be managed while grasping. Both ends of the transfer wire 17 can be fixed to the ring, for example, by being tied to the ring or via a connector.

  When the purification unit 15 is replaced, the purification unit 15 can be removed by pulling the extension unit 17A to which the plurality of purification units 15 are fixed upward to raise the purification unit 15 to the water surface. Can be easily replaced. In addition, after the purification unit 15 is replaced with a new one, the extension 17B on the side to which the purification unit 15 is not fixed is pulled upward, so that the extension 17A on the side to which the purification unit 15 is fixed is submerged in water. The purification unit 15 can be placed at a fixed position in water. When the purification unit 15 is replaced as described above, as shown in FIG. 9A, at the timing when the sea level is at the rising position such as at high tide, at least the pulley 18 contacts the bottom of the water. It is preferable to carry out in the state which is not carried out.

  Further, in the silt fence 101, the purification means 4 can have a structure shown in FIG. In the purifying means 4 shown in FIG. 11, a string-shaped transfer wire 17 in which a plurality of purifying members 13 are detachably fixed at predetermined intervals is arranged along the upper end of the fence portion 2 near the water surface. The purification means 4 shown in the drawing is arranged at the upper end portion of the fence portion 2 by transferring a plurality of purification members 13, a string-like transfer wire 17 to which the plurality of purification members 13 are detachably fixed at predetermined intervals. And a pulley 18 on which a wire rod 17 is hung. The purification means 4 shown in the figure is located at the upper end of the fence part 2 and at the left and right ends (the left end in the figure), and fixes the pulley 18. The transfer wire 17 is hung on the pulley 18 with the intermediate portion as a turned-up portion, and extends along a water surface to a left and right other end (right end in the figure) along a pair of extended portions 17A and 17B. A plurality of purification members 13 are detachably fixed to the extension portion 17A.

  The purification means 4 shown in FIG. 11 also uses the aforementioned purification unit 15 as the purification member 13 that is detachably fixed to the transfer wire 17. The plurality of purification units 15 are spaced apart in the left-right direction and fixed at a predetermined interval (k). This purification means 4 also determines the number and interval (k) of the purification units 15 arranged in the left-right direction in consideration of purification efficiency and cost. The transfer wire 17 in FIG. 11 extends to the other end (right end in the figure) of the fence part 2 while connecting a plurality of purification units 15 to one extension part 17A (lower side in the figure) at a predetermined interval (k). The other extension 17B (upper side in the figure) extends to the other end (right end in the figure) as it is.

  The pulley 18 is fixed to the upper end portion of the fence portion 2 so as to be rotatable in a vertical plane. The same pulley 18 can be used as the pulley 18 described above. The pulley 18 is fixed to the fence portion 2 via the rotation shaft 20 so that the pulley 18 can be rotated in a state where the transfer wire 17 guided in the fitting groove provided on the outer peripheral surface is moved. Further, a pulley cover 21 having a semicircular shape in front view is provided on one side (left side in the drawing) half of the pulley 18 so that the transfer wire 17 hung on the pulley 18 does not come off the fitting groove. The pulley cover 21 smoothly rotates the pulley 18 and pulls the transfer wire from the pulley 18 in a state where one extension portion 17A (17B) of the transfer wire 17 hung on the pulley 18 is pulled away from the pulley 18. 17 is prevented from coming off. As the position of the pulley 18 is closer to the water surface, the purification member 13 can be arranged closer to the water surface to effectively adsorb dirt floating near the water surface, and the purification unit 15 connected to the transfer wire 17 can be replaced. It becomes easy. Therefore, the pulley 18 is arrange | positioned in the position from which the distance (d) from the upper end of the fence part 2 to the rotating shaft 20 will be several cm-several dozen cm.

  Furthermore, in order to fix the both ends of the transfer wire 17 extended along the water surface, a ring 23 is disposed at the other end (right end in the drawing) of the upper end of the fence portion. Extension portions 17A and 17B extending along the water surface from the position where the pulley 18 is fixed to the other end of the fence portion 2 are inserted into the ring 23 and fixed. Both end portions of the transfer wire 17 can be fixed to the ring 23 by being connected to the ring 23 or via a connector, for example.

  When the purification unit 4 is replaced, the purification unit 15 stops the boat near the ring 23 and efficiently replaces the plurality of purification units 15 without moving the boat from the stop position. Can do. In the vicinity of the ring 23, the purification means 4 can be easily removed by sequentially removing the purification units 15 by pulling the extension 17A to which the plurality of purification units 15 are fixed to draw the purification units 15 to the boat. After the purification unit 15 is replaced with a new one, the extension 17B on the side to which the purification unit 15 is fixed is moved to the opposite side of the fence by pulling the extension 17B on the side to which the purification unit 15 is not fixed. Thus, the purification unit 15 can be arranged at a predetermined interval along the water surface. In addition, when replacing | exchanging the purification | cleaning unit 15 using the above purification | cleaning means 4, it can carry out without being influenced by conditions, such as tides.

(Sub purification means 5)
Furthermore, the silt fence 101 can be provided with the sub purification | cleaning means 5 which has the purification | cleaning effect | action of water quality in addition to the exchangeable purification | cleaning means 4. FIG. The sub purification means 5 is composed of a planar sub purification member 24 made of carbon fiber having a dirt adsorbing action. A silt fence 101 shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 fixes a purification sheet made of carbon fiber to the fence part 2 as a planar sub-purification member 24 that promotes a purification action. The sub purification member 24 that is a purification sheet is disposed on the surface of the fence portion 2 and on the peripheral water area 52 side that is a contaminated area. As such a purification sheet, a carbon fiber formed into a sheet shape, for example, a woven sheet or a knitted sheet can be used. However, a net material made of carbon fiber or the like can be used for the planar sub-purification member. Further, although not shown, the sub purification member 24 described above can be fixed to the float part 1 or to both the fence part 2 and the float part 1. The sub purification member 24 made of a carbon fiber sheet material or net material can be easily fixed by, for example, sewing the sheet material constituting the fence portion 2 or the cover portion 12 of the float portion 1.

  The above sub purification | cleaning member 24 is fixed with respect to the fence part 2 and the float part 1 so that it cannot replace | exchange. Therefore, the sub purification | cleaning member 24 is arrange | positioned in water, without replacing | exchanging from the beginning which installs a silt fence to the last removed. In this silt fence 101, the sub purification member 24 cannot be replaced like the above-described purification member 13. However, the sub purification member 24 made of carbon fiber having adsorption ability is disposed in water for a long period of time, so that the water can be polluted. Purifies contaminated water by adhering ingredients. That is, since the purification action is further added by the sub purification means 5, the purification ability of the silt fence 101 is improved.

  As described above, the sub purification member 24 made of a carbon fiber sheet material or net material can be most effectively purified of the water quality in the contaminated region by being disposed over the entire surface of the fence portion 2 as shown in FIG. In FIG. 12, in order to make it easy to understand the state in which the sub purification member 24 of the sheet material is disposed over the entire surface of the fence portion 2, the sub purification member 24 disposed to face the lower left portion of the fence portion 2. Is partially removed.

  Further, in the silt fence 101 shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, the sub purification member 24 is partially disposed on the surface of the fence portion 2. A silt fence 101 shown in FIGS. 11 and 13 has a sub purification member 24 disposed on the surface of the fence portion 2 in a region where the purification means 4 is not disposed.

  In the silt fence 101 shown in FIG. 11, the purification means 4 is arranged extending in the left-right direction at the upper end of the fence part 2, so that the sheet-like sub-purification member 24 is placed at the upper and lower intermediate parts of the fence part 2. It extends in the left-right direction and is arranged in a strip shape. The sub purification member 24 of FIG. 11 is disposed across the left and right ends of the fence portion 2. However, the sub purification | cleaning member arrange | positioned extending right and left of a fence part can be arrange | positioned in the part except the left end part and right end part of a fence part, and can also be arrange | positioned only in an intermediate part. Moreover, the sub purification | cleaning member arrange | positioned extending in the left-right direction can also be spaced apart and arranged in multiple rows in the up-down direction. This silt fence, depending on the pollution situation of the installation location, for example, if you want to purify the vicinity of the water surface more, if you want to further purify the vicinity of the bottom of the water by placing a sub purification member in the form of a strip at the top of the fence part, By disposing the sub purification member in a strip shape below the fence part, a specific place can be intensively purified.

  Further, since the silt fence 101 shown in FIG. 13 is arranged in a plurality of rows with the purification means 4 arranged in the vertical direction being spaced apart in the left-right direction, the sheet fence 101 is positioned between the purification means 4 and the sheet. The sub-purification member 24 is extended in the vertical direction of the fence portion 2 and arranged. The sub purification member 24 in the figure is arranged from the upper end to the lower end of the fence portion 2. However, the sub purification | cleaning member arrange | positioned extending up and down of a fence part can be arrange | positioned in the part except the upper end part and lower end part of a fence part, and can also be arrange | positioned only in an intermediate part. As described above, the structure in which the sub purification member 24 is partially provided in the fence part can improve the purification action of the silt fence 101 while reducing the area of the sub purification member 24 to be used and reducing the cost. In the silt fence 101 of FIG. 13, the sub purification members 24 extended in the vertical direction are arranged so as to be separated in the horizontal direction. In this silt fence, the purification ability of the silt fence 101 can be adjusted by variously changing the left and right width (S) and the interval (K) of the sub-purification members 24 that are spaced apart from each other on the left and right.

  Further, in the silt fence 101, when the sub purification member 24 made of a carbon fiber sheet material can be thickened to achieve a sufficient strength, the fence part 2 itself can be made of a carbon fiber sheet material. That is, the sub purification member 24 made of a carbon fiber sheet material can be used alone as the fence portion 2 instead of the woven or knitted sheet made of the above-described plastic fiber, or a sheet material made of a plastic sheet. it can. The silt fence 101 not only purifies the water quality on the peripheral water area side but also can purify the water quality on the outside of the peripheral water area.

  The silt fence 101 provided with the sub purification means 5 can be reused by washing the sub purification member 24 with water after being removed from the polluted water area. In the used silt fence 101, dirt and silt adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fibers constituting the sub purification member 24 are adhered. In the sub purification member 24, as in the purification member 13, the dirt component is removed by washing with water. The sub-purification member 24 from which the dirt component has been removed is reused after the adsorbing power of the dirt is improved. That is, the silt fence 101 can be reused without replacing the sub purification member 24. Thus, the silt fence 101 which reuses the sub purification | cleaning member 24 can reduce cost.

  The silt fence of the present invention prevents the pollution generated by construction from spreading to the outside water area in coastal areas such as seas, rivers, lakes, ponds, dams, and the surrounding water areas of civil engineering works. It can be suitably used as a silt fence that can quickly purify the pollution generated in the construction area.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... Silt fence 1 ... Float part 2 ... Fence part 3 ... Weight part 4 ... Purifying means 5 ... Sub purification means 11 ... Floating member 12 ... Cover part 13 ... Purifying member 13A ... String-like body 14 ... Fixing tool 14A ... Movable piece DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Purification unit 16 ... Connection part 17 ... Transfer wire 17A ... Extension part 17B ... Extension part 18 ... Pulley 18A ... Insertion groove 19 ... Connection ring 20 ... Rotating shaft 21 ... Pulley cover 22 ... Suspension band 23 ... Ring 24 ... Sub Purifying member 31 ... Subfloat 32 ... Anchor 33 ... Connecting wire 34 ... Anchor wire 51 ... Construction area 52 ... Peripheral water area

Claims (6)

A float that floats on the water,
A fence part connected to the lower part of the float part;
A weight portion fixed to a lower end of the fence portion;
A silt fence comprising:
It has a purification means that has a water quality purification action,
The purification means comprises a purification member made of carbon fiber having an action of adsorbing filth, and the purification member is fixed to the fence part or the float part so as to be replaceable. Silt fence with action. A silt fence according to claim 1,
A silt fence having a water purification effect, wherein the purification member is one or more of one or more string-like bodies, sheet pieces, and cylinders made of carbon fiber. A silt fence according to claim 1 or 2,
A silt fence having a water quality purification effect, wherein the purification member is fixed to a ring-shaped fixture and the fixture is detachably connected to an upper portion of the fence portion or a lower portion of the float portion. A silt fence according to claim 1 or 2,
The purifying means is provided with a plurality of purifying members, a string-shaped transfer wire in which the plurality of purifying members are detachably fixed at a predetermined interval, and a lower portion of the fence portion, and the transfer wire is hung thereon. A pulley and
The transfer wire is hung on the pulley with an intermediate portion as a turn-up portion, and a pair of extension portions extending from the turn-up portion are extended to the water surface, and the plurality of purification members are detachably fixed to one extension portion. A silt fence having a purification action characterized by A silt fence according to claim 1 or 2,
The purification means includes a plurality of purification members, a string-shaped transfer wire in which the plurality of purification members are detachably fixed at a predetermined interval, and an upper end portion of the fence portion. Provided pulleys,
The transfer wire is hung on the pulley with an intermediate portion as a folded portion, and a pair of extended portions extending from the folded portion are extended along the water surface, and the plurality of purification members can be attached to and detached from one extended portion. A silt fence having a purification action characterized by being fixed. The silt fence according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
In addition to the purification means, a sub-purification means having a water quality purification action is provided,
The sub-purifying means is a planar sub-purifying member made of carbon fiber having a dirt adsorbing action, and the sub-purifying member is fixed to the fence part or the float part. Silt fence.

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