JP2016113249A - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction machinery which can be used at a narrow site.SOLUTION: A construction machinery according to the invention comprises: a corrugation drum which is installed on a main frame for pivotally supporting a boom so as to be elevated freely, and feeding and winding an elevation rope; a mast member which is provided rotatably on the main frame, whose upper part is connected to the boom by a connection member, and which adjusts elevation movement of the boom by the elevation rope which is wound and fed by the corrugation drum; an upper sheave device disposed on the mast member; a lower sheave device which is disposed on the main frame below the upper sheave device, in which the elevation rope is stretched between it and the upper sheave device; and a link member which is pivotally supported on a rear end of the main frame so as to rotate in a machine body vertical direction, and holds the lower sheave device on its tip end.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine having a mast member.

  A crane having a live mast that is pivotally supported by a main frame so as to be able to move up and down behind the boom is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The live mast is provided with a first sheave, and a hoisting rope is hung between the first sheave and a second sheave provided on the main frame. The hoisting rope is wound or unwound by driving the hoisting drum, whereby the live mast is rotated in the front-rear direction, and the boom is raised and lowered. The live mast is stored in a horizontal state by winding a hoisting rope during transportation.

JP 2010-168147 A

  In a crane having a live mast, it is desirable to make the length of the live mast as short as possible in order to reduce the turning radius behind the fuselage. However, when the length of the live mast is shortened, the performance of the crane is suppressed, and the undulation force required to cause the long boom is increased. Therefore, it is conceivable that the second sheave, that is, the lower spreader is moved further rearward of the main frame to secure the crane performance and suppress the undulation force required to cause the long boom.

  However, if the second sheave is moved further rearward of the main frame, the following problem occurs. That is, when the live mast is tilted backward during transportation, the first sheave may interfere with the second sheave. Therefore, there is a possibility that the live mast cannot be tilted backward to a position where the height restriction during transportation can be satisfied.

  A construction machine according to the present invention is installed on a main frame that pivotally supports a boom so that the boom can be lifted and lowered, and is provided with a hoisting drum that feeds and lifts the hoisting rope, and is rotatable on the main frame. A mast member that adjusts the lifting / lowering motion of the boom by a hoisting rope wound around the hoisting drum, an upper sheave device provided on the mast member, and a main frame below the upper sheave device, between the upper sheave device A lower sheave device around which the hoisting rope is wound, and a link member pivotally supported at the rear end of the main frame so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction of the machine body and holding the lower sheave device at the tip.

  According to the present invention, the lower sheave device can be moved in the vertical direction at the rear end of the main frame, and interference with the upper sheave device when the mast member is tilted backward can be prevented. Therefore, even if the length of the mast member is shortened to reduce the turning radius at the rear of the fuselage, when disassembling and transporting the construction machine, the mast member is brought down to a position that can satisfy the height restriction during transportation. be able to. Therefore, since the turning radius behind the machine body can be reduced, it is possible to provide a construction machine that can be used in a narrow field.

It is a side view of a crane concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of the upper spreader of the front-end | tip part of the live mast inclined backward, and a lower spreader. It is the perspective view which looked at the lower spreader from diagonally upper right rear. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rear end vicinity of a main frame. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of an upper spreader and a lower spreader. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of an upper spreader and a lower spreader. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of an upper spreader and a lower spreader. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of an upper spreader and a lower spreader. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of an upper spreader and a lower spreader. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of an upper spreader and a lower spreader. It is a schematic diagram explaining the positional relationship of an upper spreader and a lower spreader.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-11, one Embodiment of the construction machine by this invention is described. FIG. 1 is a side view of a crane which is an example of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. The crawler crane includes a traveling body 1, a revolving body 2 that is turnably mounted on the traveling body 1, and a boom 3 that is pivotally supported on the front portion of the revolving body 2 so as to be pivotable in the front-rear direction. A live mast 4 is pivotally supported behind the boom 3 so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction through the upper part of the revolving unit 2. In the following description, the front-rear direction, the up-down direction, and the left-right direction are as shown in each drawing. In FIG. 1, the front side of the page is the right side and the back side of the page is the left side.

  The swivel body 2 includes a cab 5 supported at the front end of the main frame 20, a counterweight 6 supported at the rear end of the main frame 20, a front drum 7, a rear drum 8 mounted on the main frame 20, And a undulation drum 9. A hook 11 is suspended from the tip of the boom 3 via a wire rope 10. The wire rope 10 is wound or unwound by driving a drum (for example, the front drum 7), whereby the hook 11 moves up and down.

  A bracket 21 is provided at the front end portion of the main frame 20, and the live mast 4 is pivotally supported on the upper end portion of the bracket 21 via a pin P1. The tip of the boom 3 and the tip of the live mast 4 are connected via a pendant rope 12. An upper spreader 30 having a plurality of sheaves 13 is provided at the tip of the live mast 4. A lower spreader 100 having a plurality of sheaves 120 illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 11 is provided at the rear end of the main frame 20. The lower spreader 100 will be described in detail later.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 11, a hoisting rope 15, which is a hoisting rope for raising and lowering the boom 3, is wound between the sheave 13 of the upper spreader 30 and the sheave 120 of the lower spreader 100. ing. The hoisting rope 15 is wound or fed out by driving the hoisting drum 9. When the hoisting rope 15 is wound or fed out, the live mast 4 is rotated in the front-rear direction, and the boom 3 is hoisted via the pendant rope 12.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the positional relationship between the upper spreader 30 and the lower spreader 100 at the tip of the live mast 4 tilted backward as viewed from the side of the construction machine. In FIG. 2, the posture of the live mast 4 indicated by the arrow A is the posture when the crane is operated, and the posture of the live mast 4 indicated by the arrow B is the posture during the storage of the live mast 4. The posture of the live mast 4 shown is the posture during storage, that is, during transportation. The posture of the live mast 4 indicated by the arrow A is called a working posture, and the posture of the live mast 4 shown by the arrow C is called a transport posture.

  Although not shown, the live mast 4 is composed of a pair of left and right pipe-like members having a rectangular cross section, and an upper spreader 30 is disposed between the left and right pipe-like members. A pair of left and right stoppers (not shown) are provided at the rear part of the main frame 20, and the live mast 4 is placed on the stoppers in a substantially horizontal transportation posture.

  Although not shown, a live mast hydraulic cylinder is swingably supported from the main frame 20 below the base end of the live mast 4. When this hydraulic cylinder is extended, the base end of the live mast 4 is pushed upward by the thrust. As a result, the live mast 4 stands and changes from the transport posture to the working posture. When the hydraulic cylinder is extended to the maximum, the live mast 4 assumes a forward leaning posture in which the tip portion moves forward relative to the base end portion pivotally supported by the pin P1, and when the hoisting rope 15 is extended in the forward leaning posture, the live mast 4 4 rotates downward by its own weight.

  In the crawler crane of the present embodiment, the length of the live mast 4 is shortened in order to reduce the turning radius behind the machine body. When the length of the live mast 4 is shortened, the performance of the crane is suppressed, and the undulation force required to cause the long boom is increased. Therefore, in the crawler crane according to the present embodiment, the sheave 120 of the lower spreader 100 is disposed at the rear end of the main frame 20 to ensure the performance of the crane and suppress the undulation force required to cause the long boom. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the live mast 4 is rotated so as to be in the transport posture, the upper spreader 30 and the lower spreader 100 may interfere with each other.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the lower spreader 100 is configured to rotate downward at the rear end of the main frame 20 to prevent interference with the upper spreader 30. Details will be described below.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lower spreader 100 as viewed obliquely from the upper right. The lower spreader 100 includes a link member 101, an axle 110, a sheave 120, a rotating member 121, a rotating plate 124, a load cell 131, and an equalizer link 140. One end of the link member 101 is a pin 151 that is pivotally supported by the rear end portion of the main frame 20, and is a link that can rotate around the pin 151. An axle 110 is attached to the other end of the link member 101. For example, the link member 101 is provided at two locations separated in the left-right direction at the rear end of the main frame 20.

  The axle 110 is a shaft member extending in the left-right direction, and is attached to the other end of the link member 101 as described above. The axle 110 pivotally supports the sheave 120 in a rotatable manner. As described above, the sheave 120 is pivotally supported by the axle 110 and can rotate about the pin 151 at the rear end portion of the main frame 20 together with the axle 110. That is, the sheave 120 can rotate around the axle 110 and can revolve around the pin 151.

  The rotation member 121 is a link for pivotally supporting the load cell 131 and the equalizer link 140 so as to be rotatable about the axle 110, and is pivotally supported by the axle 110. The rotating member 121 has arms 122 and 123 extending from the base end side pivotally supported by the axle 110 toward the radially outer side of the axle 110. One end of a load cell 131 is pivotally supported on the distal end side of the arm 122 so as to be rotatable around a pin 152 extending in the left-right direction. A rod member 125 for preventing the hoisting rope 15 from being detached from the sheave 120 is attached to the distal end side of the arm 123. The bar member extends in the left-right direction outside the sheave 120 in the radial direction.

  The rotating plate 124 is a plate-like member that is pivotally supported by the axle 110. The rotating plate 124 has an arm extending from the base end side pivotally supported by the axle 110 toward the outer side in the radial direction of the axle 110, and a rod member 125 is attached to the distal end side of this arm. . The rotating plate 124 is configured to rotate with respect to the axle 110 in conjunction with the rotating member 121.

  The load cell 131 is a sensor for detecting the tension of the hoisting rope 15. As described above, one end of the load cell 131 is pivotally supported with respect to the rotation member 121 by the pin 152. A pin 153 extending in a direction orthogonal to the pin 152 extending in the left-right direction is attached to the other end of the load cell 131, and the equalizer link 140 is pivotally supported around the pin 153. ing.

  The equalizer link 140 includes a link 141 and two equalizer sheaves 142 that are rotatably supported by the link 141. Although not shown in FIG. 3, the hoisting rope 15 is alternately wound around the sheave 13 of the upper spreader 30 and the sheave 120 of the lower spreader 100 via the equalizer sheave 142.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a structure near the rear end of the main frame 20 and shows a cross section near the center in the left-right direction. A lower spreader mounting hole 22 and an axle contact portion 23 are provided at the rear end of the main frame 20. The lower spreader mounting hole 22 is a through hole into which a pin 151 that pivotally supports the link member 101 of the lower spreader 100 is inserted. That is, the lower spreader 100 rotates around the lower spreader mounting hole 22.

  The axle abutting portion 23 abuts the axle 110 of the lower spreader 100 that rotates about the lower spreader mounting hole 22 from the rear, and restricts the clockwise rotation of the lower spreader 100 in FIG. The axle contact portion 23 restricts the forward rotation of the lower spreader 100 when the axle 110 of the lower spreader 100 comes into contact therewith. The position of the sheave 120 where the axle 110 of the lower spreader 100 comes into contact with the axle contact portion 23 is referred to as a use position. When the lower spreader 100 is in the use position, the link member 101 is given a forward rotational torque by the weight of the boom 3, and the rotational contact of the link member 101 to the front of the construction machine by this rotational torque is caused by the axle contact portion. 23 stops.

  In the crawler crane having the lower spreader 100 configured as described above, interference between the upper spreader 30 and the lower spreader 100 in the transport posture is prevented as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the live mast 4 is in the posture indicated by the arrow B and the posture rotated forward from this posture, the lower spreader 100 has the axle 110 abutting against the axle abutting portion 23 and the front Rotation to is restricted. At this time, the lower spreader 100 is slightly inclined backward as shown in FIG.

  When the live mast 4 is turned over from the work posture to the transport posture, the hoisting drum 9 is driven to wind the hoisting rope 15. Thereby, the space | interval between the sheave 13 of the upper spreader 30 and the sheave 120 of the lower spreader 100 becomes narrow, and the live mast 4 rotates downward. At this time, the live mast hydraulic cylinder (not shown) is subjected to the weight of the live mast 4 and the pressing force due to the winding of the hoisting rope 15. As a result, the pressure oil in the bottom chamber of the live mast hydraulic cylinder is relieved via a relief valve (not shown), and the live mast hydraulic cylinder is degenerated as the live mast 4 rotates while supporting the live mast 4.

  5 to 11 are schematic diagrams for explaining the positional relationship between the upper spreader 30 and the lower spreader 100 at the tip of the live mast 4 tilted backward. In the following description, the rotation angle when the live mast 4 tilts forward and becomes horizontal is assumed to be 0 degree, and the rotation angle of the live mast 4 with respect to the horizontal line is expressed. The posture of the live mast 4 in FIG. 5 is the same as the posture indicated by the arrow B in FIG. The rotation angle of the live mast 4 at this time is θ1. In FIG. 5, the axle 110 of the lower spreader 100 is in contact with the axle contact portion 23, so that the sheave 120 is moved to the use position.

  In the posture illustrated in FIG. 5, the center of the pin 151, the center of the axle 110, and the center of the pin 152 are arranged on substantially the same straight line. In addition, the dashed-dotted line shown with the code | symbol 191 is a line which shows the locus | trajectory to which the rotation center of the sheave 13 of the upper spreader 30 moves when the live mast 4 rotates. A one-dot chain line indicated by reference numeral 192 is a line indicating a locus of the center of the axle 110 that rotates around the pin 151. Reference numeral 31 denotes a bar member for preventing the hoisting rope 15 from coming off the sheave 13.

  When the hoisting rope 15 is wound up, the driving of the hoisting drum 9 is stopped when the posture shown in FIG. 5, that is, when the rotation angle of the live mast 4 becomes θ1, for example. Next, the hydraulic cylinder driving hydraulic circuit (not shown) is switched, and the bottom chamber of the live mast hydraulic cylinder (not shown) is communicated with the tank. As a result, since the supporting force by the hydraulic cylinder is reduced, the live mast 4 slowly falls due to its own weight.

  Since the driving of the hoisting drum 9 is stopped, when the live mast 4 is rotated downward from the posture illustrated in FIG. 5, the link member 101 is rotated rearward around the pin 151 as illustrated in FIG. 6. At this time, the link member 101 and the rotation member 121 rotate relatively. Note that the rotation angle of the live mast 4 in FIG. 6 is, for example, θ2 (> θ1).

  When the live mast 4 rotates downward from the posture shown in FIG. 6, the link member 101 further rotates downward about the pin 151 as shown in FIG. The rotation angle of the live mast 4 in FIG. 7 is, for example, θ3 (> θ2). In the posture illustrated in FIG. 7, the link member 101 and the rotation member 121 are relatively rotated by 90 degrees from the state illustrated in FIG. 5. Although not shown, the rotation range is restricted so that the rotation member 121 does not further rotate in the illustrated clockwise direction with respect to the link member 101 from the state shown in FIG.

  Therefore, when the live mast 4 rotates downward from the state shown in FIG. 7, the link member 101 further rotates downward about the pin 151 as shown in FIG. 8, and the load cell 131 and the equalizer link 140 are Around the pin 152, it is rotated forward with respect to the rotating member 121 and bent. Note that the rotation angle of the live mast 4 in FIG. 8 is, for example, θ4 (> θ3).

  When the live mast 4 is rotated downward from the posture illustrated in FIG. 8, the link member 101 is further rotated downward about the pin 151 and the load cell 131 and the equalizer link 140 are coupled to the pin 152 as illustrated in FIG. 9. Is further bent forward with respect to the rotating member 121.

  Although not shown, when the depression angle of the line connecting the center of the pin 151 and the center of the axle 110 is 30 degrees, the downward rotation of the link member 101 around the pin 151 is restricted. It is configured. Therefore, the downward rotation of the link member 101 is stopped, and as shown in FIG. 9, the undulating rope 15 is loosened, but can be detached from the sheaves 13 and 120 by the rod members 31 and 125 for preventing the detachment. Absent. Note that the rotation angle of the live mast 4 in FIG. 9 is, for example, θ5 (> θ4).

  The position of the sheave 120 when the depression angle of the line connecting the center of the pin 151 and the center of the axle 110 is θ7 is referred to as a retracted position. Thus, the sheave 120 is configured to be movable from the use position to the retracted position around the pin 151 together with the link member 101.

  When the live mast 4 rotates downward from the posture shown in FIG. 9, the load cell 131 and the equalizer link 140 are bent further forward with respect to the rotating member 121 around the pin 152 as shown in FIG. 10. The equalizer link 140 contacts the rear part of the main frame 20. Thereby, the forward inclination of the equalizer link 140 stops. Therefore, even if the live mast 4 further rotates downward from the state shown in FIG. 10, the lower spreader 100 does not move. Note that the rotation angle of the live mast 4 in FIG. 10 is, for example, θ6 (> θ5).

  11 shows that when the live mast 4 is further rotated downward from the posture shown in FIG. 10 and the rotation angle of the live mast 4 becomes substantially horizontal, that is, the upper spreader 30 and the lower spreader 100 in the transport posture. It is a figure which shows a state. As shown in FIG. 11, in the transport posture, the upper spreader 30 and the lower spreader 100 are separated and do not interfere with each other. As described above, in the transport posture, the live mast 4 is placed on a stopper (not shown) provided at the rear portion of the main frame 20.

  When the live mast 4 is rotated from the transporting posture to the working posture at the time of assembling the crawler crane, the posture of the lower spreader 100 changes in the reverse order to the above description as the live mast 4 rises.

The crawler crane of the present embodiment has the following effects.
(1) The base end side of the link member 101 of the lower spreader 100 is pivotally supported at the rear end of the main frame 20 so that the link member 101 can be rotated up and down around the pin 151. did. The sheave 120 is rotatably supported by an axle 110 provided at the other end of the link member 101. That is, the sheave 120 moves together with the link member 101 to the use position rotated upward at the rear end of the main frame 20 when the construction machine is used, and the link is moved when the live mast 4 is tilted backward when the construction machine is disassembled and assembled. The member 101 is moved to the retracted position rotated downward at the rear end of the main frame 20 to prevent interference with the upper spreader 30. As a result, the sheave 120 can move in the vertical direction at the rear end of the main frame 20, and interference with the upper spreader 30 when the live mast 4 is tilted backward can be prevented. Therefore, even if the length of the live mast 4 is shortened to reduce the turning radius at the rear of the fuselage, the live mast 4 can be moved to a position that can satisfy the height restriction during transportation when the crawler crane is disassembled and transported. Can be defeated. Therefore, since the turning radius behind the machine body can be reduced, a crawler crane that can be used in a narrow field can be provided.

  Even if the sheave 120 of the lower spreader 100 is disposed at the rear end of the main frame 20, it is possible to prevent interference with the upper spreader 30 when the live mast 4 is tilted backward. Therefore, even if the length of the live mast 4 is shortened to reduce the turning radius at the rear of the fuselage, the live mast 4 can be moved to a position that can satisfy the height restriction during transportation when the crawler crane is disassembled and transported. Can be defeated. Therefore, since the increase in the hoisting force required for the hoisting device can be suppressed, the cost increase of the crawler crane can be suppressed.

(2) The rotating member 121 pivotally supported by the axle 110, the load cell 131, and the equalizer link 140 are configured to rotate with respect to each other about the pin 152 and bend. As a result, when the live mast 4 is rotated downward, the load cell 131 and the equalizer link 140 are bent forward with respect to the rotation member 121 around the pin 152, and therefore when the live mast 4 is tilted backward. Interference with the upper spreader 30 can be prevented. Therefore, since the live mast 4 can be further tilted backward, the turning radius behind the fuselage can be further reduced, and a crawler crane that can be used in a narrow field can be provided.

(3) When the lower spreader 100 is in the use position, the link member 101 is given a rotational torque forward due to the weight of the boom 3, and the rotation of the link member 101 forward of the construction machine by this rotational torque is axled. The contact portion 23 is configured to block. Accordingly, the lower spreader 100 is fixed at the use position during crane work, and the live mast 4 can be stably lifted, so that the boom 3 can be lifted stably.

---- Modified example ---
(1) In the above description, the rotation member 121 pivotally supported by the axle 110, the load cell 131, and the equalizer link 140 are configured to rotate with respect to each other about the pin 152 and bend. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if the upper spreader 30 and the lower spreader 100 do not interfere with each other at the transport position, it is indispensable that the rotating member 121, the load cell 131, and the equalizer link 140 rotate and bend each other. Absent.

(2) The rotation angle shown in the above description is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.
(3) In the above description, a crawler crane has been described as an example of a construction machine, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention may be applied to other cranes having a live mast such as a wheel crane.
(4) You may combine each embodiment and modification which were mentioned above, respectively.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and is installed on a main frame that pivotally supports the boom so that the boom can be lifted up and down, and a hoisting drum that feeds and winds up and down the rope, and is rotatable on the main frame. A mast member, the upper part of which is connected to the boom by a connecting member, and adjusts the lifting and lowering movement of the boom by a hoisting rope that is wound around and fed to the hoisting drum; an upper sheave device provided on the mast member; and a lower part of the upper sheave device A lower sheave device that is provided on the main frame and the hoisting rope is looped between it and the upper sheave device. And a construction machine having various structures including a link member.

  3; boom, 4; live mast (mast member), 9; hoisting drum, 12; pendant rope (connecting member), 13; sheave (upper sheave device), 15; hoisting rope (lifting rope), 20; main frame, 101; Link member, 120; Sheave (lower sheave device), 121; Rotating member (first rotating member), 141; Link (second rotating member), 142; Equalizer sheave (equalizer sheave device)

Claims (4)

An undulation drum installed on the main frame that pivotally supports the boom so that it can be raised and lowered,
A mast member that is pivotally provided on the main frame, has an upper portion connected to the boom by a connecting member, and adjusts the hoisting movement of the boom by an hoisting rope wound around the hoisting drum;
An upper sheave device provided on the mast member;
A lower sheave device that is provided on a main frame below the upper sheave device, and the hoisting rope is wound around the upper sheave device;
A construction machine comprising a link member pivotally supported at the rear end of the main frame so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction of the machine body and holding the lower sheave device at the front end. The construction machine according to claim 1,
A first rotation member that is pivotally supported about a rotation axis that is coaxial with the rotation axis of the lower sheave device;
A second rotating member supported by the first rotating member so as to be rotatable in the longitudinal direction of the machine body;
A construction machine further comprising: an equalizer sheave device that is rotatably supported by the second rotating member. In the construction machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The lower sheave device moves to a use position rotated upward at the rear end of the main frame together with the link member when the construction machine is used.
When the mast member is tilted backward during disassembly and assembly of the construction machine, the lower sheave device moves to the retracted position rotated downward at the rear end of the main frame together with the link member, and the upper sheave device Construction machinery that prevents interference. The construction machine according to claim 3,
When the lower sheave device is in the use position, the link member is given forward torque by the weight of the boom, and the rotation of the link member to the front of the construction machine due to the torque is prevented. A construction machine in which a blocking portion is provided in the main frame.

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