JP2016110805A - Radiation heater - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radiation heater which has high heating efficiency by increasing a radiation flux from a surface at a heating required direction side of a tubular heater without including a reflector function like a transparent tube heater since the tubular heater that is formed from an opaque material is used, although, in a heater using a transparent tube suck as a quartz glass tube, the reflector function can be added by making heat radiation permeable because of the transparent tube, the heat radiation emitted from a heating element within the tube is reflected in a predetermined direction by the reflector function and permeated through the transparent tube and efficiency of heating toward an object to be heated is improved.SOLUTION: In a part of a tube surface 1 of the tubular heater that is formed from the opaque material, a low covered surface 2 is formed from a belt-like material of which the radiation rate is lower than that of the tube surface. Therefore, the radiation heater has directivity of heat radiation that improves heating efficiency by increasing the radiation flux from the tube surface at the heating required direction side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric radiation heater as a heating method using thermal radiation (infrared rays).

  Electric radiation heaters characterized by heating by thermal radiation include infrared lamps, halogen heaters, carbon heaters, quartz tube heaters, translucent alumina tube heaters, far infrared heaters, ceramics heaters, sheath heaters, etc. Uses a reflector in combination with efficient heat radiation.

However, in a heater that also uses a reflector, it is necessary to procure and assemble the reflector and its assembly parts, and further, adhesion of dirt to the reflector during use causes a decrease in reflectance. Therefore, it becomes a complicated work in which cleaning of the reflector is indispensable. Further, depending on the structure of the heater, it may be difficult to use the reflector. For this reason, there is a demand for the development of a radiant heater that can achieve a heating efficiency close to that without mounting a reflector.

JP 07-288175 JP 2011-177926 Patent No.4939961

Book “Vacuum Handbook” p.133-134 (Nippon Vacuum Technology Co., Ltd., published by OHM Co., Ltd., November 30, 1992)

A heater using a transparent tube (such as a quartz glass tube or a translucent alumina tube) that transmits heat radiation from a heating element such as a heating wire, tungsten filament, graphite (carbon), silicon carbide, etc., is a transparent tube. The reflective plate function is added by coating a reflective material such as metal or ceramics on the inner surface or outer surface of the tube, or by attaching a reflector in the tube using a double tube, and using the transparent tube The heater includes a halogen heater and a carbon heater.

Patent Document 1 discloses an infrared ray radiated from a tungsten filament by providing an infrared reflective layer such as an aluminum vapor deposition film on the inner surface of a tubular envelope such as quartz glass or on the outer surface except for a part in the circumferential direction thereof. Is an infrared heater that reflects the light on its reflective layer. It has been developed as a heater for heating ink for inkjet printers.

Patent Document 2 is a method of reflecting near infrared rays irradiated from a tungsten filament by white-coating a ceramic material mainly composed of alumina and silica instead of an aluminum vapor deposition film in the quartz tube of Patent Document 1. When the opening angle of the white coat opening is regulated to 120 ° ± 10 ° and the heating efficiency is increased to a certain level or more, when a polyethylene terephthalate resin preform is biaxially stretched blow-molded into a housing A near-infrared heater for use in is disclosed.

Patent Document 3 discloses that a carbonaceous heating element is enclosed in an inner pipe of an inner tube of a glass tube together with an inert gas such as argon gas, and radiates far infrared radiation generated from the carbonaceous heating element in a predetermined direction. An infrared heater is disclosed in which a reflector is provided outside the inner tube within the outer tube, and a double tube is used so that the mounted reflector is not soiled. Developed for applications such as commercial cooker fryer and boiled noodle machine, and soaked in hot oil or hot water, "Heat radiation, heat conduction heat, convection heat transfer" "3 of heat transfer" The feature is that the heat transfer effect of "form" works and the heat transfer from the heater surface is large.

Since the heater using the transparent tube according to Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3 is a transparent tube, heat radiation is transmitted, so that a reflector function can be added. The heat radiation emitted from the heating element in the tube by the reflecting plate function is reflected in a predetermined direction and transmitted through the transparent tube, thereby increasing the heating efficiency in the direction of the object to be heated (heating object).

On the other hand, the radiant heater according to the present invention does not have a reflector function like the heater using the transparent tube according to Patent Documents 1 to 3, and has a tubular shape (tube shape) made of an opaque material. An object of the present invention is to provide a radiant heater having high heating efficiency by increasing the radiant flux from the surface of the heater facing the object to be heated. The radiant flux is radiant energy emitted, heat transferred, or incident per unit time, and is displayed in units of [W].

In order to achieve the above-described object, the radiation heater according to the present invention has a tubular heater surface made of an opaque material coated with a material having a different emissivity on the outer periphery of the tube, so that the coated surface and the uncoated surface are different. Improvement in heating efficiency toward the F direction where heat radiation is required as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “required heating direction”) due to the difference in radiation divergence from the coated surfaces Is intended. The radiant divergence is a radiant flux radiated per unit area, and is expressed in units of [W / cm ² ].

As shown in FIG. 1, the radiation heater according to the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “radiation heater”) is an unnecessary direction of heat radiation on the tube surface 1 of a tubular heater made of an opaque material ( In order to suppress the radiant flux from the surface on the B side (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “non-heating direction”), the tube length axis is centered on the non-heating direction B side with respect to a part of the outer periphery of the heater tube. A coated surface made of a material having a low emissivity with a band-shaped material having an emissivity lower than the emissivity of the tube surface 1 along the direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “low-coated surface”). 2 is a radiant heater. By suppressing the radiation divergence from the low coated surface 2, the surface temperature of the heater is increased, the radiation flux from the surface in the heating direction F side is increased, and the heating efficiency in the heating direction F side is required. Can be improved.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the radiant heater extends over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length with respect to a part of the outer periphery of the tube of the tubular heater made of an opaque material, centering on the side F in the required heating direction. Thus, a radiation heater in which a coated surface (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “highly coated surface”) 5 made of a material having a high emissivity is formed by a band-shaped material having an emissivity higher than that of the tube surface 1 It is. The heating efficiency can be improved by increasing the radiant flux from the high covering surface 5 to the heating direction F side.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the radiant heater is provided on the outer periphery of the tube of the heater in order to suppress the radiation divergence from the surface on the non-heating direction B side of the tube surface 1 of the tubular heater made of an opaque material. For a part, the low covering surface 2 is formed with a strip-shaped material having a lower emissivity than the emissivity of the tube surface 1 over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length, centering on the non-heating direction B side. The emissivity higher than the emissivity of the tube surface 1 over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length, centered on the heating direction F side, with respect to part or all of the uncoated surface of the tubular heater This is a radiant heater in which the highly coated surface 5 is formed by using the belt-shaped material, and an uncoated surface may remain. By forming the low coated surface 2 and the high coated surface 5 on the tubular heater, the radiation divergence from the low coated surface 2 is suppressed, the radiation divergence from the high coated surface 5 side of the radiant heater is increased, and heating is required. Heating efficiency toward the direction F can be improved.

The details of the low emissivity material and the high emissivity material are those described in Non-Patent Document 1, and the “emissivity” in Non-Patent Document 1 is referred to as “radiation rate” in the present invention. In addition, as a method of forming the low coating surface 2 and the high coating surface 5, there are a coating process by plating, coating, thermal spraying, vacuum deposition, etc., or a method of coating with a single coating material.

In the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The radiation heater according to the present invention suppresses the radiation divergence from the low coated surface 2 side of the heater, raises the surface temperature of the radiation heater, and radiates from the tube surface 1 side, which is a material having a high radiation rate. By increasing the divergence, it is possible to improve the heating efficiency toward the heating direction F side.

(2) The radiant heater according to the present invention can increase the radiation divergence from the high covering surface 5 side of the heater and improve the heating efficiency in the heating direction F side.

(3) A high coated surface 5 is formed on the uncovered surface of the tube surface 1 of the heater with respect to the radiant heater of (1), or the tube surface 1 of the heater is formed with respect to the radiant heater of (2). By forming the low coating surface 2 on the uncoated surface, the radiation divergence from the high coating surface 5 side increases, and the heating efficiency toward the heating direction F side can be improved.

(4) In (1) to (3), the heating efficiency in the heating direction F side can be improved. Therefore, when the heating efficiency is the same as that of the heater before coating, the power consumption of the radiation heater can be reduced.

It is the front view (a) of the radiation heater which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and its expanded sectional view (b). It is the front view (a) of the radiation heater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and its expanded sectional view (b). It is the front view (a) of the radiation heater which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and its expanded sectional view (b). In radiant heaters according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a theoretical numerical curve of improvement rate K of heating efficiency to the ratio A _b and main heating direction F side of the lower cover surface width. FIG. 2 is a plan view (a) and a front sectional view (b) of a cooking pan-firer using the radiant heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which compared the heating apparatus (a) for cooking which applied the conventional heater, and the heating apparatus (b) for cooking which applied the radiation heater which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, a radiation heater according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the present invention, the applicable heater refers to a tubular or rod-shaped member made of an opaque material such as a resistance heating element such as silicon carbide and a far-infrared heater, a ceramic heater, or a sheath heater. The heater cross section as shown may be other than a circular shape, and other than a linear shape along the axial direction can be applied.

FIG. 1: is the front view (a) of the radiation heater which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and its expanded sectional view (b). The radiant heater is equipped with insulators 3 and terminals 4 at both ends, and has a full length along the axial direction of the tube length, centering on the non-heating direction B side, with respect to a part of the outer periphery of the tube heater made of opaque material. By forming a low covering surface 2 with a band-shaped material having a lower emissivity than that of the material of the tube surface 1, and suppressing the radiation divergence from the low covering surface 2, According to the first embodiment, the surface temperature of the heater is increased, the radiation flux is increased from the surface in the heating required direction F side, and the heating efficiency toward the heating required direction F side is improved. It is a radiant heater.

The details of the material having a low emissivity include those described in Non-Patent Document 1, but any material having a value lower than the emissivity of the tube surface 1 of the heater can be used. The greater the difference in emissivity between the low-covered surface 2 and the higher the surface temperature of the radiant heater, the higher the radiant flux from the surface in the required heating direction F side, and the higher the heating efficiency in the required heating direction F side. .

The emissivity of the polished surface of pure gold is 0.035, which is an extremely low emissivity. There is no surface oxidation in the atmosphere, and the emissivity is maintained, so that it is optimal as a material with low emissivity. The emissivity of the stainless steel SUS316 oxidized surface is 0.3, which is a low emissivity material.

Ratio of the low coating surface 2 of the width to the outer tube circumference of radiant heaters (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "ratio of the low coating surface width") A _b is also heating efficiency is improved a little, and the object to be heated taking into consideration the conditions of use of the position and distance, etc., determine the ratio of rate a _b of the low coating surface width. For example, assuming that the upper half circumference of the radiant heater is in the required heating direction F side and the lower half circumference is in the non-heating direction B side, the low covering surface width ratio _Ab is 50% to the required heating direction F side. However, in order to provide more directivity in the direction F of the heating required, it is preferable that the ratio of low covering surface width _Ab is greater than 50%.

FIG. 2: is the front view (a) and its expanded sectional view (b) of the radiation heater which concern on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The radiant heater is equipped with insulators 3 and terminals 4 at both ends, and has a full length along the axial direction of the tube length, centering on the heating direction F side, with respect to a part of the outer periphery of the tube heater made of opaque material. A high covering surface 5 made of a material having a high emissivity is formed with a strip-shaped material having an emissivity higher than the emissivity of the tube surface 1, and from the high covering surface 5 to the heating direction F side. It is a radiation heater which concerns on 2nd Embodiment which has the directivity of the heat radiation which increased the radiation flux and improved the heating efficiency.

The details of the material having a high emissivity are those described in Non-Patent Document 1, but any material having a value higher than the emissivity of the tube surface 1 of the heater can be used. The greater the difference in emissivity between the high coverage surface 5 and the high coating surface 5, the greater the radiation flux from the surface in the heating direction F side, and the heating efficiency in the heating direction F side is improved.

Materials with high emissivity include ceramics and metal oxides, and zircon has a high emissivity of 0.8. The emissivity of alumina is 0.5, and the emissivity of alumina silica (mullite) is 0.61.

The ratio of the width of the high covering surface 5 to the outer circumference of the tube of the radiation heater (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the ratio of the high covering surface width”) A _f is improved even if it is a little, and the heating efficiency is improved. The ratio A _f of the high covering surface width with respect to the outer circumference of the pipe is determined in consideration of the use conditions such as the position and distance of the pipe. For example, assuming that the upper half circumference of the radiant heater is in the heating direction F side and the lower half circumference is in the non-heating direction B side, the ratio A _f of the high coating surface width is 50% to the heating direction F side. However, in order to have more directivity in the heating direction F required, the ratio _Af of the high coating surface width is preferably smaller than 50%.

FIG. 3: is the front view (a) and its expanded sectional view (b) of the radiation heater which concern on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The radiant heater has insulators 3 and terminals 4 at both ends, and in order to suppress the radiant flux from the surface on the non-heating direction B side of the tube surface 1 of the tubular heater made of an opaque material, For some parts, with a strip-shaped material with a lower emissivity than the emissivity of the tube surface 1 over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length, centered on the non-heating required direction B side, the low covering surface 2 The radiation rate higher than the emissivity of the tube surface 1 over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length with respect to a part or all of the uncoated surface of the tubular heater, centered on the heating direction F side. The high covering surface 5 is formed by using a band-shaped material of a rate. By forming the low coating surface 2 and the high coating surface 5 on the tubular heater, the radiation divergence from the low coating surface 2 is suppressed, the radiation divergence from the high coating surface 5 side of the radiant heater is increased, and heating is required. It is a radiation heater which concerns on 3rd Embodiment which has the directivity of the heat radiation which improved the heating efficiency to the direction F side.

Regarding the emissivity of the material forming the low covering surface 2 and the high covering surface 5, respectively, the ones described in Non-Patent Document 1 can be mentioned, and the emissivity of the material to be coated is the tube surface 1, the low covering surface Of course, there is no limitation on the material of the material 2 and the high covering surface 5.

The heating efficiency improves even if the ratio A _b of the low coating surface width and the ratio A _f of the high coating surface width to the outer circumference of the tube of the radiant heater are small, taking into consideration the use conditions such as the position and distance to the object to be heated. Then, the ratio A _b of the low covering surface width and the ratio A _f of the high covering surface width are determined. For example, assuming that the upper half circumference of the radiant heater is the required heating direction F side and the lower half circumference is the non-heating direction B side, the ratio A _b of the low coating surface width or the ratio A _f of the high coating surface width is , heating efficiency to the main heating direction F side of 50% becomes the maximum, the increase the directivity of the main heating direction F side, the ratio a _b of the low coating surface width is greater than 50%, high coverage surface The width ratio _Af is preferably smaller than 50%.

As described above, in the radiation heater according to the present invention, the greater the difference in the radiation rate between the tube surface 1 of the heater and the low coating surface 2 or the high coating surface 5, the greater the radiation divergence from the surface side of the material having a high radiation rate. Increases and the heating efficiency is improved. In addition, as a method of forming the low coating surface 2 and the high coating surface 5, there are a coating process by plating, coating, thermal spraying, vacuum deposition, etc., or a method of coating with a single coating material.

[Theoretical Numerical Curve of Low Cover Surface Width Ratio _Ab and Heating Efficiency Improvement Rate K in Heating Direction F Required in Radiation Heater According to First Embodiment of the Present Invention]
FIG. 4 assumes that all the input power of the radiation heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as thermal radiation, and that the upper half outer periphery is the heating direction F side required and the lower half outer periphery is the non-heating direction B side. 6 is a theoretical numerical curve of a ratio A _b of a low coating surface width and a heating efficiency improvement rate K toward the heating direction F side in the case. Note that the emissivity ε _f of the tube surface 1 is 0.8, and the emissivity ε _b of the low coating surface 2 is changed from 0.035 to 0.7.

The heating efficiency H _{β of the} radiant heater shown in the present invention is a numerical value (H _β = Φ _βF / Φ) obtained by dividing the radiant flux Φ _βF toward the side F requiring heating of the radiant heater by the total radiant flux Φ. . Further, the heating efficiency H _α of the heater before coating is a numerical value (H _α = Φ _αF / Φ) obtained by dividing the radiant flux Φ _αF in the heating required direction F side of the heater before coating by the total radiant flux Φ. .

Further, main and improvement rate K of the heating efficiency of the heating direction F side shown in the present invention, a value obtained by dividing the heating efficiency H _beta radiation heater after the coating with heating efficiency H _alpha heater before coating (K = _Hβ / _Hα ).

If the ratio A _b of the low coating surface width of the radiant heater and 50%, improvement rate K of the heating efficiency with respect to a main heating direction F side is maximized. The E1 curve has a smaller ratio (ε _b / ε _f ) of the emissivity ε _b of the low covering surface 2 and the emissivity ε _f of the tube surface 1 to 0.044 than the E2 curve to the E4 curve, and the low covering surface 2 there is also the heating efficiency is improved a little, the theoretical value of the increase rate K of heating efficiency ratio a _b of the low coating surface width to main heating direction F side 50% will 1.92.

E2 curve, the ratio of the emissivity (ε _{b /} ε _f) is 0.375, with a 50% rate A _b of the low coating surface width, the theoretical value of the increase rate K of the heating efficiency of the main heating direction F side as high as 1.45, the range ratio a _b is 90% to 20% of low-coated surface width, the theoretical value of the increase rate K is 1.1 or more.

The E3 curve has a ratio of emissivity (ε _b / ε _f ) of 0.7, the ratio A _b of the low coating surface width is 50%, and the theoretical value of the heating efficiency improvement rate K toward the heating direction F side is , 1.18, range rate a _b is 70% to 30% of the low coating surface width is theoretical value of the increase rate K is 1.1 or more. As the ratio of emissivity (ε _b / ε _f ) increases, the improvement rate K decreases.

E4 curve, the ratio of the emissivity (ε _{b /} ε _f) is 0.875, with a 50% rate A _b of the low coating surface width, the theoretical value of the increase rate K of the heating efficiency of the main heating direction F side 1.07, and if the ratio of emissivity (ε _b / ε _f ) is greater than 0.82, the theoretical value of the improvement rate K does not exceed 1.1, and the reduction rate of power consumption also decreases.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, tables and numbers.

Outer diameter is 26 mm, is used a ceramic tube emissivity 0.8 340mm length, over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length, the ratio A _b of the low coating surface width to the tube periphery emissivity of 50% 0.035 A gold-coated ceramic heater for a radiant heater according to the first embodiment having a total length of 430 mm, in which a gold-deposited film was formed in a strip shape, was equipped with insulators and terminals at both ends, and a heating wire with an electric resistance value of 9.5Ω was manufactured .

[Test result 1 of Example 1]
Table 1 shows the results of actual measurement of changes in the heater surface temperature when the power consumption was changed in the untreated ceramic heater with an emissivity of 0.8 and the gold-coated ceramic heater shown in Example 1. The untreated ceramic heater is a heater having the same specifications except for the gold-coated ceramic heater and the gold-coated heater.

  From the results in Table 1, the surface temperature of the gold-coated ceramic heater is 596 ° C with a power consumption of 550W, which is the same as the surface temperature of the untreated ceramic heater with a power consumption of 900W. Is required.

From the calculation result of Equation 1, the power consumption of the gold-coated ceramic heater was reduced by about 40% compared to the untreated ceramic heater.

Table 1 shows that the surface temperature of the gold-coated ceramic heater is 111 ° C. higher than the surface temperature of the untreated ceramic heater in comparison with the power consumption of 900 W. Since the radiant flux increases in proportion to the fourth power of the absolute temperature of the material surface, the heating efficiency improvement rate K toward the heating required direction F side of the gold-coated ceramic heater has increased to 1.62. In addition, the theoretical numerical value of the improvement rate K of the heating efficiency from the E1 curve of FIG. 4 to the heating direction F side is 1.92.

[Test result 2 of Example 1]
Table 2 shows the test results of examining the heating effect on the water in the beaker using the gold-coated ceramic heater of Example 1 and the untreated ceramic heater. The operation method of the test is to measure a time required for heating from 30 ° C. to 40 ° C. by heating a beaker containing 400 ml of tap water with a gold-coated ceramic heater and an untreated ceramic heater. .

  From the results shown in Table 2, the heating with the gold-coated ceramic heater was confirmed to have a high heating effect because the water in the beaker was heated in a short time compared to the heating with the untreated ceramic heater. The untreated ceramic heater has a power consumption of 800 W, the gold-covered ceramic heater has a power consumption of 500 W, and the heating time is almost the same.

From the calculation result of Equation 2, the gold-coated ceramic heater has reduced power consumption by about 40% compared to the untreated ceramic heater.

The gold-coated ceramic heater, which is an example of the radiation heater according to the first embodiment, has a higher heating efficiency improvement rate K toward the heating required direction F as compared with an untreated ceramic heater. From the calculation results by, it was shown that power consumption can be reduced by about 40% each.

A stainless steel SUS316 pipe having a pipe outer diameter of 28 mm, a length of 300 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm was used as a 1/3 pipe divided into three equal parts over the entire length along the axial direction of the pipe length (0045) and (0051 The first embodiment in which the untreated ceramic heater used in the test shown in Fig. 1) is covered, both ends are fixed with a stainless steel band, and the low covering surface width ratio _Ab is 30% to form a belt-like low covering surface 2 is formed. A stainless steel ceramic heater for such a radiation heater was manufactured.

The same test shown in (0045) was also performed with a stainless steel ceramic heater, and the heating efficiency improvement rate K toward the heating direction F side increased to 1.19. Emissivity of the oxide surface of the stainless steel SUS316 is 0.3, than E2 curve in FIG. 4, the theoretical value of the increase rate K of heating efficiency to the ratio A _b of the low coating surface width of 30% of the main heating direction F side 1.23, which is an approximate test result.

[Application example 1 of the radiant heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention]
Hereinafter, application examples of the radiation heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a plan view (a) and a front cross-sectional view (b) of a cooking pan for cooking using the radiant heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention. When using a heater for the lower-fire bakeware 6, it is difficult to install a reflector because a drip containing oil or fat falls from the heated object 7 such as fish or meat, and nearly half of the radiant flux is on the non-heating direction B side. The power consumption is wasted. Therefore, when the radiant heater according to the first embodiment is used, the heater surface temperature increases with the same power consumption, and the radiant flux toward the heating direction F side increases without installing a reflector. The heating efficiency is improved and the baking time can be shortened.

When a conventional heater is used for the lower flame baking apparatus 6, the water 8 in the water tank is heated and the evaporation reduction is remarkable. However, when the radiant heater according to the first embodiment is used, since the radiant flux in the heating direction B side is suppressed, evaporation of water 8 in the water tank is also suppressed, and the distance Lw from the radiant heater to the water surface is reduced. ₁ can be shortened, and the design of the lower-fired oven 6 can be made lower.

[Application example 2 of the radiant heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention]
FIG. 6 is a diagram comparing a heating device (a) to which a conventional heater is applied and a heating device (b) to which the radiation heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. When a conventional heater is used for the heating device, the reflecting plate 9 is installed on the upper wall to increase the heating efficiency, but the reflecting plate needs to be cleaned as needed so that the heating efficiency does not decrease. In addition, a space for installing the reflector is also required, and a long distance Lc ₂ from the heater to the wall must be taken. Therefore, when the radiation heater according to the first embodiment is used for the heating device, the heating device has improved heating efficiency without installing a reflector, and the distance Lc ₁ from the radiation heater to the wall surface can be shortened. In addition, the distance Lw ₂ from the heater to the water surface is usually increased, but the distance Lw ₁ from the radiant heater to the water surface can also be shortened, the evaporation of the water 8 in the water tank is suppressed, and space saving in the heating device ( The space inside the apparatus can be reduced).

In addition, space saving in the heating device by applying a radiant heater can reduce the outer dimensions of the heating device, thereby reducing production materials and the like, reducing heat radiation from the device, and saving energy. .

The radiant heater according to the present invention is a heater having high heating efficiency without installing a reflector, and the object to be heated 7 is for an organic substance such as paper, fiber, wood, resin, or an inorganic substance such as metal oxide or ceramics. It is clear that it is also effective as a heating source.

1 Heater tube surface (tube surface)
2 Covered surface made of material with low emissivity (low coated surface)
3 Choshi
4 terminals
5 Covered surface made of material with high emissivity (highly coated surface)
6 Lower-heater (a type that burns upward from below)
7 Object to be heated (object to be heated)
8 Aquarium water
9 Reflector
F Heating direction that requires heat radiation (heating direction required)
B Heating direction that does not require heat radiation (non-heating direction)
A _b Ratio of width of low coated surface 2 (ratio of width of low coated surface)
A _f Ratio of width of high covering surface 5 (Ratio of high covering surface width)
Lw ₁ Distance from radiant heater to water surface
Distance from Lw ₂ heater to water surface
Lc ₁ Distance from radiant heater to wall
Distance from Lc ₂ heater to wall

Claims (3)

Low covering with a strip-shaped material whose emissivity is lower than the emissivity of the tube surface over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length on a part of the tube outer circumference of the tube heater made of opaque material Radiant heater with a surface. Highly covered with a strip-shaped material whose emissivity is higher than the emissivity of the tube surface over the entire length along the axial direction of the tube length on a part of the outer circumference of the tube heater made of opaque material Radiant heater with a surface. The part of the outer periphery of the pipe not forming the low covering surface of the radiant heater according to claim 1 is formed in a band shape having a radiation rate higher than the radiation rate of the pipe surface over the entire length along the axial direction of the pipe length. A radiant heater with a high covering surface made of a material.

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